CN109120051B - Multi-channel mixed battery manager, control method of lithium battery power supply unit and base station - Google Patents
Multi-channel mixed battery manager, control method of lithium battery power supply unit and base station Download PDFInfo
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- CN109120051B CN109120051B CN201811176177.1A CN201811176177A CN109120051B CN 109120051 B CN109120051 B CN 109120051B CN 201811176177 A CN201811176177 A CN 201811176177A CN 109120051 B CN109120051 B CN 109120051B
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 244
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 244
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
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- H02J7/0026—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent multipath mixed battery manager which comprises a switch power supply, a base station load, lead-acid battery packs, lithium battery power supply units and direct current buses, wherein each retired power lithium battery pack is provided with a battery management system and a DC/DC converter to form the lithium battery power supply unit; the input side of the switching power supply is connected with the commercial power, the output side of the switching power supply is connected with the direct current bus, and the base station load, the lead-acid battery pack and the lithium battery power supply unit are connected in parallel and connected with the direct current bus. The invention also discloses a control method and a base station of the lithium battery power supply unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an intelligent multipath mixed battery manager, a control method and a base station, and belongs to the technical field of communication base stations.
Background
As society tends to be informationized, a communication base station for guaranteeing information communication is increasingly important. Engineers have been devoted to research on how to enable a communication base station to operate stably for a long period of time at low cost. For communication base stations, most of the communication base station failures are due to problems in its power supply system. Therefore, it is a main design objective to ensure that the equipment of the communication base station is not powered off due to the power failure of the mains supply and is not failed due to the power supply problem.
In order to realize that the communication base station does not generate faults due to power failure of the mains supply, the communication base station can provide voltage within the range conforming to the working condition of the equipment in the communication base station for relatively long time under the condition that the mains supply is required to be in a power failure state, and the storage battery capable of realizing the function becomes an important component part in a power supply system of the communication base station. In order to reduce the cost of operation and maintenance, a storage battery for supplying power to a communication base station under the condition of power failure of mains supply is required to meet the two requirements of long service life and high safety, and has the characteristics of convenience in installation and the like. In the existing design scheme, a lead-acid battery is often selected as a standby power supply for the communication base station. However, existing lead-acid battery usage schemes have the disadvantage of shorter lead-acid battery life and high maintenance costs. Meanwhile, as the communication base station is frequently powered off and the power-off time is long each time, the lead-acid battery is frequently discharged and is discharged again under the condition of not being fully charged, the lead-acid battery is quickly aged, the battery aging is further accelerated, and the operation and maintenance cost is increased.
In order to protect the lead-acid battery and avoid the rapid aging of the lead-acid battery, the existing technical scheme has a strategy of using the retired power lithium battery pack to perform gradient utilization and using the retired power lithium battery pack as a standby power supply to assist the lead-acid battery in power supply. According to the scheme, after the problems of overcharge, discharge and undercharge of the lead-acid battery are solved, other defects are caused, including overdischarge and undercharge of partial battery packs under the same discharge caused by performance difference among retired power lithium battery packs, a control method is complex, and the problems that the system is more and more complex in wiring, the control flow is complex, the anti-interference capability of the communication bus is weak, the lithium battery packs are possibly blocked from discharging under the power failure of the mains supply when the communication bus is adopted to control the discharge of the plurality of lithium battery packs are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and provides an intelligent multi-channel mixed battery manager, which is characterized in that from the point of cooperative power supply of all lithium battery power supply units, the current finally output to a direct current bus by a retired power lithium battery pack is in linear relation with the voltage on the direct current bus, so that the lithium battery pack is more preferentially discharged by the lithium battery power supply units in a power supply failure state to ensure stable power supply of a communication base station, the direct current bus voltage always outputs constant current corresponding to real-time voltage one by one in the range from the floating charge voltage of the lead acid battery pack to the platform voltage, and the linear relation between the direct current bus voltage and the output current of each lithium battery power supply unit is respectively determined according to the maximum current output of each retired power lithium battery pack, and on the basis of not using a communication bus, and the lithium battery packs can be charged more quickly after the commercial power is recovered due to cooperative discharge, so that the problems of over-discharge of partial lithium battery packs, the partial lithium battery packs caused by the inconsistency between the frequent charge and discharge of the retired lithium battery packs of the communication base station, the partial lithium battery packs are not charged fully, the control method is caused by the partial lithium battery packs, the fact that the bus is not charged fully, the communication cost is reduced, and the communication cost is better, and the communication cost is guaranteed, and the communication cost is stable, and the operation is guaranteed.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides an intelligent multichannel mixes uses battery manager, includes switching power supply, basic station load, lead acid battery group, lithium cell power supply unit, direct current busbar, switching power supply input side links to each other with the commercial power, the output side links to each other with direct current busbar, and basic station load, lead acid battery group and lithium cell power supply unit are parallelly connected each other and link to each other with direct current busbar, characterized by: a battery management system and a DC/DC converter are assembled on the retired power lithium battery pack to form lithium battery power supply units, each lithium battery power supply unit controls respective current output according to DC bus voltage, so that the communication base station supplies power to the base station load and the lead-acid battery through a switch power supply by mains supply when the mains supply is supplied, and all lithium battery power supply units supply power to the base station load and the lead-acid battery simultaneously when the mains supply is lost, and the lead-acid battery pack supplies power to the communication base station load independently after the electric quantity of all lithium battery power supply units is exhausted.
Preferably, it is: the lead-acid battery pack is connected with the direct-current bus, is used as a backup power supply of the communication base station with the lowest priority, is usually charged by the direct-current bus, and supplies power to the direct-current bus and a base station load temporarily when the direct-current bus voltage is not obviously reduced at the moment of power failure of the mains supply and the lithium battery power supply units are not supplied with power yet, and supplies power to the direct-current bus when all the lithium battery power supply units cannot meet the power supply requirement of the direct-current bus after the mains supply is lost.
Preferably, it is: the switching power supply connected with the mains supply and the direct current bus comprises a rectification output voltage detection circuit, a rectification circuit and a control circuit thereof, wherein the rectification output voltage is detected, and the rectification circuit is controlled by adjusting the output of the control circuit, so that the direct current bus voltage meeting the standard is obtained by rectifying the mains supply.
Preferably, it is: the lithium battery power supply unit comprises a DC/DC converter, a decommissioning power lithium battery pack, a lithium battery pack voltage detection circuit, a current detection circuit, a Battery Management System (BMS), a direct current bus voltage detection circuit and a direct current bus output current detection circuit, wherein two sides of the DC/DC converter are respectively connected with a direct current bus and the decommissioning power lithium battery pack, the decommissioning power lithium battery pack is controlled to obtain electric energy from the direct current bus for charging or supplying power to the direct current bus, the battery management system is connected with the battery pack voltage detection circuit and the battery pack current detection circuit, state information such as the charge state of the decommissioning power lithium battery pack is calculated according to detection results, and is connected with the direct current bus voltage detection circuit and the direct current bus output current detection circuit, so that the direct current bus voltage and the lithium battery power supply unit are obtained to output current data of the direct current bus, whether the decommissioning power lithium battery pack is charged or not is judged, or not is cut off from the direct current bus, and a control signal is generated according to judgment results to control the DC/DC converter, wherein the battery management system is used for reading the direct current voltage and controlling the DC/DC bus to supply the direct current to provide proper constant current value for the DC/DC bus.
The invention also provides a control method of the lithium battery power supply unit based on the sagging method, wherein when the commercial power exists, all lithium battery power supply units are charged by a direct current bus, and after the current lithium battery power supply unit is full, a control signal is sent by a BMS to control a DC/DC converter to break a retired power lithium battery pack and the direct current bus; when the commercial power is lost, all lithium battery power supply units connected to the direct current bus are connected to the direct current bus and supply power for the direct current bus, all lithium battery power supply units have different current outputs according to the performance of the lithium battery power supply units at the same time, when all lithium battery power supply units cannot meet the power supply requirement of a base station load required by the direct current bus, the lead-acid battery pack supplies power to the base station load, and meanwhile, all lithium battery power supply units keep constant current output which is output as the maximum dischargeable current of the lithium battery power supply units so as to reduce the power supply pressure of the lead-acid battery pack, and the lead-acid battery pack supplies power to the communication base station load independently until the electric quantity of all lithium battery power supply units is exhausted.
The lithium battery power supply unit does not use a communication bus to communicate among different lithium battery power supply units, adopts the same control method and independent maximum dischargeable current setting, realizes the independence of wiring and the independent work of a control program, has the independence of hardware connection and software control, reduces the number of wiring inside a system, reduces the construction cost of the system and simplifies the subsequent system installation and maintenance work.
The invention also provides a control method of the lithium battery power supply unit adopting the intelligent multi-channel mixed battery manager.
The invention also provides a method for applying the intelligent multi-channel mixed battery manager and the control method to the communication base station.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
The intelligent multi-channel mixed battery manager has the advantages that the intelligent multi-channel mixed battery manager can supply power to the base station load when the commercial power is lost by simultaneously using all lithium battery power supply units, so that the use frequency of the lead-acid battery pack is greatly reduced, the charge and discharge frequency of the lead-acid battery is effectively reduced, and the service life of the lead-acid battery pack is prolonged.
The intelligent multi-channel mixed battery manager has the advantages that the maximum dischargeable current can be independently set in each lithium battery power supply unit according to the performance of the retired power lithium battery pack, and the output current of the lithium battery power supply unit is controlled not to exceed a fixed value when the lithium battery power supply unit performs constant current output according to the voltage of a direct current bus in the power failure of the mains supply, so that the speed of electric energy output of the lithium battery power supply unit can be controlled according to the performance of the lithium battery power supply unit in the charging and discharging process, and excessive discharge of partial retired power lithium battery packs caused by inconsistent performance of the retired power lithium battery packs in different lithium battery power supply units is avoided.
The intelligent multi-channel mixed battery manager has the advantages that the lithium battery power supply units can supply power to the direct current buses simultaneously, so that the reduction of electric energy storage of all the lithium battery power supply units in the process of primary mains supply power failure to mains supply recovery is balanced, the time for recharging all the lithium battery power supply units after the mains supply recovery is shortened, and the undercharging caused by discharging of the lithium battery power supply units when the power supply is recycled because the retired power lithium battery pack is not fully charged is avoided.
The intelligent multi-channel mixed battery manager has the advantages that each lithium battery power supply unit can be discharged according to the performance of the lithium battery power supply unit, all the lithium battery power supply units have approximate performance decay rate, unified maintenance and replacement are convenient, and maintenance cost of the communication base station is reduced.
The intelligent multi-channel mixed battery manager has the advantages that the intelligent multi-channel mixed battery manager can establish simple DC/DC converter output control by adopting the one-to-one correspondence of the number, so that the control method of the whole system is simple and easy to realize.
The intelligent multi-channel mixed battery manager has the advantages that the control flow of the lithium battery power supply unit is not interfered by state information of other lithium battery power supply units, so that even if the lithium battery power supply unit in a system fails to supply power due to faults, the other lithium battery power supply units can normally supply power and the power supply requirement of the system is met.
The intelligent multi-channel mixed battery manager has the advantages that all lithium battery power supply units can work normally without information of other lithium battery power supply units, independent wiring of the lithium battery power supply units is achieved, a communication bus is not used, wiring in a system is simple, cost of the system is reduced, and design, construction and subsequent maintenance work of the system are facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication base station multi-source cooperative power supply under the control of an intelligent multi-channel hybrid battery manager;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an intelligent multi-way hybrid battery manager;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a switching power supply (PI control is taken as an example of a control circuit);
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the internal architecture of a single lithium battery power supply unit;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the system current flow under mains power;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the system current flow under mains power loss lithium battery power;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between DC bus voltage and constant current output of a lithium battery power supply unit in droop control;
fig. 8 is a flow chart of discharge control of a single lithium battery power supply unit based on a droop method.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, reference will now be made to the following description of specific embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the embodiments of the invention.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of multi-source collaborative power supply of a communication base station under the control of an intelligent multi-channel mixed battery manager, mainly comprising commercial power, a direct current bus, a base station load, a lead-acid battery pack and a lithium battery power supply unit, wherein the direct current bus is used as a power supply for supplying power to the base station load, the electric energy source comprises the commercial power, the lithium battery power supply unit and the lead-acid battery pack which are converted by a switch power supply, the commercial power is converted into direct current by the switch power to serve as main power supply sources of the base station, the lithium battery power supply unit and the lead-acid battery pack serve as standby power sources with high priority and lowest priority, the lithium battery power supply unit is preferentially used as a power supply in a commercial power failure state on the basis of guaranteeing the power supply requirement of the communication base station, the use frequency of the lead-acid battery is greatly reduced by jointly supplying power to the base station load when the commercial power is lost, the use frequency of the lead-acid battery is effectively reduced, the service life of the lead-acid battery pack is prolonged, and the operation and maintenance cost of the power supply of the communication base station is reduced.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent multi-channel mixed battery manager, which mainly comprises a switch power supply, a base station load, a lead-acid battery pack, a direct current bus and a lithium battery power supply unit, wherein the input side of the switch power supply is connected with a commercial power supply, the output side of the switch power supply is connected with the direct current bus, the base station load, the lead-acid battery pack and the lithium battery power supply unit are connected in parallel and are connected with the direct current bus, the specific number of the lithium battery power supply units can be adjusted according to the power supply requirement of a communication base station, the wiring connection of different lithium battery power supply units and the direct current bus is independent of each other, the number of the lithium battery power supply units in the figure, such as a lithium battery power supply unit 1, only represents any lithium battery power supply unit connected to the direct current bus, and does not represent the access sequence or actual position arrangement information of the lithium battery power supply unit on the direct current bus.
The lead-acid battery pack is connected with the direct-current bus, is used as a backup power supply of the communication base station with the lowest priority, is usually charged by the direct-current bus, and supplies power to the direct-current bus and a base station load temporarily when the direct-current bus voltage is not obviously reduced at the moment of power failure of the mains supply and the lithium battery power supply units are not supplied with power yet, and supplies power to the direct-current bus when all the lithium battery power supply units cannot meet the power supply requirement of the direct-current bus after the mains supply is lost.
The structure of the switching power supply connected with the mains supply and the direct current bus is shown in fig. 3, and the switching power supply comprises a rectification output voltage detection circuit, a rectification circuit and a control circuit thereof, wherein the rectification output voltage detection circuit detects the rectification output voltage, and the control circuit adjusts the output of the control circuit to control the rectification circuit, so that the mains supply rectifies to obtain the direct current bus voltage meeting the standard, wherein the control circuit is shown by a Proportional Integral (PI) control example in the figure, and other control methods such as Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control and the like can be adopted in the actual design.
The internal structure of the single lithium battery power supply unit, as shown in fig. 4, comprises a DC/DC converter, a decommissioning power lithium battery pack, a lithium battery pack voltage detection circuit, a current detection circuit, a Battery Management System (BMS), a direct current bus voltage detection circuit and a direct current bus output current detection circuit, wherein two sides of the DC/DC converter are respectively connected with the direct current bus and the decommissioning power lithium battery pack, and are responsible for obtaining constant charging current capable of rapidly charging the decommissioning power lithium battery pack through DC/DC conversion when charging the decommissioning power lithium battery pack, obtaining constant current which is required to be output according to the judgment of the BMS when supplying power to the direct current bus, and obtaining constant current to the direct current bus for electric energy output when converting the voltage of the decommissioning power lithium battery pack. The battery management system is connected with the battery pack voltage detection circuit and the battery pack current detection circuit, calculates state information such as the charge state of the retired power lithium battery pack according to detection results, is connected with the direct current bus voltage detection circuit and the direct current bus output current detection circuit, acquires voltage of the direct current bus and current data (positive value is output to the direct current bus and negative value is input to the lithium battery power supply unit) output by the whole lithium battery power supply unit as the direct current bus, judges whether the retired power lithium battery pack is charged through the direct current bus, is supplied with power to the direct current bus or is cut off from the direct current bus according to judgment logic, generates a control signal according to judgment results, and controls the DC/DC converter, wherein the battery management system reads the voltage of the direct current bus and controls the DC/DC converter to provide constant current output of a proper current value for the direct current bus under the condition of direct current bus power supply.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a system current flow under mains supply, where a dc bus is powered by mains supply by converting the mains supply into a dc power according to a standard via a switching power supply under a normal mains supply condition. The direct current bus supplies power for the load of the base station and charges the lead-acid battery pack and the lithium battery power supply unit which is not fully charged. The lead-acid battery pack can be always connected with the direct-current bus due to floating charge characteristics, and after the lithium battery power supply unit detects that the internal retired power lithium battery pack is fully charged, the battery management system of the lead-acid battery pack automatically controls the DC/DC converter to disconnect the lithium battery power supply unit from a circuit for charging the direct-current bus, so that the charging process is terminated.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the current flow of the system under the power supply of the lithium battery with power loss from the utility power, as shown in the drawing, and the dc bus is commonly supplied by all the lithium battery power supply units connected with the dc bus under the power loss from the utility power. The direct current bus obtains energy from a lithium battery power supply unit connected with the direct current bus, and supplies power for a base station load and charges a lead-acid battery. In the process, the lithium battery power supply unit carries out logic judgment of whether to discharge or not and whether to stop discharging by detecting the voltage of the direct current bus, and stops the discharging process of the lithium battery power supply unit when the commercial power is recovered.
Because the lithium battery power supply units are controlled to be output by the current source, all the lithium battery power supply units can supply power to the direct current buses at the same time, in the primary mains supply power losing process, the electric energy reserve in all the lithium battery power supply units is reduced to different degrees, instead of greatly consuming the electric energy of the retired power lithium battery pack in one or more lithium battery power supply units and almost not consuming the electric energy of other lithium battery power supply units, the problem of overdischarge of part of retired power lithium battery packs is solved, meanwhile, the time required for fully charging all the lithium battery power supply units after the mains supply is recovered is greatly reduced, the situation that the part of retired power lithium battery pack is not fully charged and is undercharged is avoided as much as possible, the service life of all the lithium battery power supply units is effectively prolonged, and the low-cost stable operation of the communication base station power supply system is ensured.
The lithium battery power supply unit can change current output of the lithium battery power supply unit according to the maximum dischargeable current of the lithium battery power supply unit and the real-time voltage of the direct current bus, and each lithium battery power supply unit can discharge according to self capacity. In the process of jointly supplying power to all lithium battery power supply units, by enabling each lithium battery power supply unit to output electric energy according to the actual level of the lithium battery power supply unit, the performance attenuation speeds of all lithium battery power supply units are approximately equal, all lithium battery power supply units end the service life at approximately the same time and are removed and replaced uniformly, and the operation and maintenance cost of a communication base station can be effectively reduced.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between a DC bus voltage and a constant current output of a lithium battery power supply unit in droop control, where as shown in the drawing, a DC/DC converter output current i of the lithium battery power supply unit is determined by a DC bus voltage u and is always maintained at a level below a maximum dischargeable current i max of the lithium battery power supply unit, and the current output control when any lithium battery power supply unit supplies power to the DC bus specifically includes the following steps:
a-1: when the commercial power exists, the direct current bus voltage is the floating charge voltage of the lead-acid battery pack, and the output current of the lithium battery power supply unit is not needed due to the existence of the commercial power, and under the condition that the retired power lithium battery pack is fully charged, the output current i of the DC/DC converter is constantly 0;
A-2: when the commercial power does not exist and the direct current bus voltage is in the range from the floating charge voltage of the lead-acid battery pack to the platform voltage, as the direct current bus cannot obtain electric energy from the commercial power, the lithium battery power supply unit is required to provide electric energy output, the lead-acid battery pack is prevented from being discharged preferentially, the system always finds the quantity relation that the output current is the maximum dischargeable current of the current lithium battery power supply unit when the direct current bus voltage is equal to the floating charge voltage of the lead-acid battery pack and the output current is equal to the platform voltage of the lead-acid battery pack according to the output current of the direct current bus voltage is 0 when the direct current bus voltage is equal to the floating charge voltage of the lead-acid battery pack, establishes the linear relation between the direct current bus voltage u and the output current i of the DC/DC converter of the lithium battery power supply unit in the range from the floating charge voltage to the platform voltage as shown in fig. 7, controls the DC/DC converter to be in a state that the direct current bus voltage is lower and the output current is higher when the direct current bus voltage is in the range, the initial state of the lithium battery power supply unit can not meet the power supply requirement of a base station load because the direct current bus output voltage is lower, but under the common action of all lithium battery power supply units, the system always finds the total sum of the current output of the direct current battery power supply unit can meet the power supply requirement of a base station load in the common operation, and the total power supply point can supply stable power supply voltage in the common condition;
A-3: when the mains supply does not exist and the voltage of the direct current bus is lower than the float charging voltage of the lead-acid battery pack, the lead-acid battery pack has been subjected to a great deal of discharge, in this case, the lithium battery power supply unit needs to avoid that the voltage of the lead-acid battery pack is reduced to the lower limit cut-off voltage as soon as possible due to the discharge and supply power to the base station load as much as possible, so that in this state, all lithium battery power supply units must perform constant current discharge with the maximum dischargeable current i max until the voltage of the lithium battery power supply unit reaches the lower limit cut-off voltage, and for the purpose of protecting the safety of a system, the DC/DC converter is controlled by the BMS to disconnect the lithium battery power supply unit from the direct current bus.
Further, in the control of the droop method, the detected direct current bus voltage and the output current of the lithium battery power supply unit have a one-to-one correspondence, and the direct current bus voltage is in a linear relationship when being greater than or equal to the platform voltage, and the corresponding current is a constant value when being smaller than the platform voltage, so that the one-to-one correspondence number relationship is easy to express in a functional form in a program, and the control method based on the droop method is simple and easy to realize.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 8, the same control based on the droop method design can be adopted for any lithium battery power supply unit, and the control flow specifically comprises the following steps:
B-1: a Battery Management System (BMS) in the lithium battery power supply unit reads the direct current bus voltage data detected by the direct current bus voltage detection circuit and judges whether the direct current bus voltage is lower than the direct current bus voltage (namely the floating charge voltage of the lead-acid battery pack) when the commercial power is normally supplied;
B-2: when the commercial power is not supplied or the lead-acid battery pack is not fully charged, and the decommissioning power lithium battery pack in the lithium battery power supply unit can continue to discharge (the direct current bus voltage is lower than the floating charge voltage of the lead-acid battery pack, and the decommissioning power lithium battery pack voltage is higher than the dischargeable lower limit cut-off voltage), finding out a constant current value which corresponds to the detected direct current bus voltage according to the function of the sagging method carried by the detected direct current bus voltage, and controlling the DC/DC converter to output the constant current with the constant current value by the BMS, so that the direct current bus power supply is realized, and the electric quantity state of the decommissioning power lithium battery pack is measured, calculated and updated by the battery current voltage while the power is supplied, and returning to the step B-1;
B-3, when the commercial power is not supplied or the lead-acid battery pack is not fully charged, and the retired power lithium battery pack in the lithium battery power supply unit has reached the limit state of self discharge (the voltage of the direct current bus is lower than the floating charge voltage of the lead-acid battery pack, and the voltage of the retired power lithium battery pack reaches the lower limit cut-off voltage of the dischargeable power supply unit), controlling the DC/DC converter to disconnect the current lithium battery power supply unit from the direct current bus by the BMS, and returning to the step B-1;
B-4: when the commercial power is supplied and the lead-acid battery pack is fully charged (the voltage of the direct-current bus is greater than or equal to the floating charging voltage of the lead-acid battery pack), the BMS judges whether the current retired power lithium battery pack is fully charged, if not, the DC/DC converter is controlled to charge, if so, the DC/DC converter is controlled to disconnect the retired power lithium battery pack from the direct-current bus, and after corresponding instructions are judged and executed, the step B-1 is returned.
Further, as all lithium battery power supply units are commonly used in the control flow shown in fig. 8, the control flow is not interfered by the states of other lithium battery power supply units, and the purpose that even if a single lithium battery power supply unit fails, other lithium battery power supply units can still normally supply power and meet the power supply requirement of a communication base station load is achieved.
Furthermore, as the uniform control method is used by all lithium battery power supply units and the control flow does not need to obtain the state information of other lithium battery power supply units, the independent wiring and independent work of all lithium battery power supply units in the whole system are realized, the data transmission is not performed in a communication bus and other modes, and the wiring of the whole system is simple and clear, so that the design and construction and subsequent maintenance work are convenient.
Example 3
Taking a certain communication base station as an example, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The structure of the power supply system of the communication base station is shown in fig. 2, and a plurality of lithium battery power supply units are connected to the direct current bus except for the load of the base station and the lead-acid battery. Because the sagging method which is not influenced by the state information of other lithium battery power supply units is adopted for control, each lithium battery power supply unit is independently connected with a direct current bus and is internally provided with the same control program, the maximum dischargeable current is independently set according to the performance of the lithium battery power supply unit, a communication bus is not adopted, and the lithium battery power supply units are independent from each other on a hardware wiring level and a programming level.
Based on the analysis, the implementation method of the intelligent multi-channel mixed battery manager of the communication base station comprises the following steps:
(1) When the commercial power exists, the commercial power is converted into direct current meeting the power supply standard of a communication base station through a switch power supply and supplies power for a direct current bus, the direct current bus supplies power for a base station load, charges a lead-acid battery pack and enables the lead-acid battery pack to be in a floating charge state, the direct current bus also charges all lithium battery power supply units connected to the direct current bus but not fully charged, once a Battery Management System (BMS) in the lithium battery power supply units detects that the current lithium battery power supply units are fully charged, a corresponding control signal is generated to cut off a charging loop of the direct current bus to the lithium battery power supply units, and the current flow in the whole system is shown in figure 5;
(2) At the moment of mains supply power failure, the voltage of the direct current bus cannot be greatly attenuated because of the voltage of the lead-acid battery pack, the voltage drop of the direct current bus cannot be detected by all lithium battery power supply units, at the moment, the lead-acid battery pack supplies power for the direct current bus, and the direct current bus supplies power for a base station load;
(3) After the mains supply is lost for a short time, the voltage of the lead-acid battery pack is reduced because the lead-acid battery pack starts to supply power to the direct-current bus from a floating state, the voltage of the direct-current bus is reduced along with the voltage reduction of the direct-current bus, the lithium battery power supply units can detect the voltage reduction of the direct-current bus, all the lithium battery power supply units start to supply power to the direct-current bus together, all the lithium battery power supply units serve as constant current sources to output, the output current is influenced by the voltage of the direct-current bus as shown in fig. 7, the maximum dischargeable current of each lithium battery power supply unit is independently determined according to the self performance, the output current of the lithium battery power supply unit which supplies power to the direct-current bus at the same time is independently determined and controlled by respective BMS and DC/DC converter, and the possible output current is different according to the performance difference of the respective retired lithium battery pack, and the current flow direction in the whole system is shown in fig. 6;
(4) After the mains supply is lost for a long time, due to the attenuation of the electric energy of the lithium battery power supply unit, the power supply requirement of the whole communication base station is difficult to meet by the cooperative power supply of the lithium battery power supply unit, so that the voltage of the direct-current bus drops below the platform voltage of the lead-acid battery pack, at the moment, each lithium battery power supply unit maintains the maximum outputtable current to perform constant-current output as shown in fig. 7, and the lead-acid battery pack is also discharged greatly, so that the power supply requirement of the load of the communication base station is met as much as possible;
(5) After the commercial power is recovered, the state that the commercial power is converted into direct current through a switching power supply to supply power for a direct current bus, the direct current bus supplies power for a base station load and charges a lead-acid battery pack is recovered to the condition of (1).
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, and therefore the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an intelligent multichannel mixes uses battery manager, includes switching power supply, basic station load, lead acid battery group, lithium cell power supply unit, direct current busbar, switching power supply input side links to each other with the commercial power, the output side links to each other with direct current busbar, and basic station load, lead acid battery group and lithium cell power supply unit are parallelly connected each other and link to each other with direct current busbar, characterized by: the method comprises the steps that a battery management system and a DC/DC converter are assembled on a retired power lithium battery pack to form lithium battery power supply units, each lithium battery power supply unit controls respective current output according to DC bus voltage, so that a communication base station supplies power to a base station load and a lead-acid battery through a switch power supply by mains supply when the mains supply is supplied, all lithium battery power supply units supply power to the base station load and the lead-acid battery simultaneously when the mains supply is lost, and the lead-acid battery pack supplies power to the communication base station load independently after the electric quantity of all lithium battery power supply units is exhausted;
The control method of the lithium battery power supply unit is based on droop control, wherein the droop control is that when mains supply exists, all lithium battery power supply units are charged by a direct current bus, and after the current lithium battery power supply unit is full, a control signal is sent by a BMS to control a DC/DC converter to break a retired power lithium battery pack and the direct current bus; when the commercial power is lost, all lithium battery power supply units connected to the direct current bus are connected to the direct current bus and supply power for the direct current bus, all lithium battery power supply units have different current outputs according to the performance of the lithium battery power supply units at the same time, when all lithium battery power supply units cannot meet the power supply requirement of a base station load required by the direct current bus, the lead-acid battery pack supplies power to the base station load, and meanwhile, all lithium battery power supply units keep constant current output which is output as the maximum dischargeable current of the lithium battery power supply units so as to reduce the power supply pressure of the lead-acid battery pack, and the lead-acid battery pack supplies power to the communication base station load independently until the electric quantity of all lithium battery power supply units is exhausted;
The same control based on the droop method design can be adopted for any lithium battery power supply unit, and the control process specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1: a battery management system in the lithium battery power supply unit reads the direct current bus voltage data detected by the direct current bus voltage detection circuit and judges whether the direct current bus voltage is lower than the direct current bus voltage when the commercial power is normally supplied;
Step 2: when the commercial power is not supplied or the lead-acid battery pack is not fully charged and the retired power lithium battery pack in the lithium battery power supply unit can still continue to discharge, according to the function of the sagging method carried by the detected direct current bus voltage, the BMS finds a constant current value to be output corresponding to the direct current bus voltage, controls the DC/DC converter to output constant current with the constant current value, realizes direct current bus power supply, measures, calculates and updates the electric quantity state of the retired power lithium battery pack through the current voltage of the battery pack while supplying power, and returns to the step 1;
Step 3, when the commercial power is not supplied or the lead-acid battery pack is not fully charged and the retired power lithium battery pack in the lithium battery power supply unit reaches the limit state of self discharge, the BMS controls the DC/DC converter to disconnect the current lithium battery power supply unit from the direct current bus, and the step1 is returned;
Step 4: when the commercial power is supplied and the lead-acid battery pack is fully charged, the BMS judges whether the current retired power lithium battery pack is fully charged, if not, the DC/DC converter is controlled to charge, if so, the DC/DC converter is controlled to disconnect the retired power lithium battery pack from the direct current bus, and after judging and executing corresponding instructions, the step 1 is returned.
2. The intelligent multi-channel mixed battery manager according to claim 1, wherein the lead-acid battery pack is connected with a direct-current bus, and is used as a backup power supply of a communication base station with the lowest priority, the direct-current bus is charged, the direct-current bus and a base station load are temporarily supplied when the direct-current bus voltage is not obviously reduced at the moment of mains power failure and the lithium battery power supply unit does not supply power yet, and the direct-current bus is supplied when all the lithium battery power supply units cannot meet the power supply requirement of the direct-current bus after the mains power is lost.
3. The intelligent multi-channel mixed battery manager according to claim 1, wherein the switching power supply connected with the commercial power and the direct current bus comprises a rectification output voltage detection circuit, a rectification circuit and a control circuit thereof, and the rectification circuit is controlled by adjusting the output of the control circuit by detecting the rectification output voltage, so that the commercial power is rectified to obtain the direct current bus voltage meeting the standard.
4. The intelligent multi-channel hybrid battery manager according to claim 1, wherein the lithium battery power supply unit comprises a DC/DC converter, a decommissioning power lithium battery pack, a lithium battery pack voltage detection circuit, a current detection circuit, a Battery Management System (BMS), a direct current bus voltage detection circuit, and a direct current bus output current detection circuit, wherein both sides of the DC/DC converter are respectively connected with the direct current bus and the decommissioning power lithium battery pack, the decommissioning power lithium battery pack is controlled to obtain electric energy from the direct current bus or supply power to the direct current bus, the battery management system is connected with the battery pack voltage detection circuit and the battery pack current detection circuit, the state of charge information of the decommissioning power lithium battery pack is calculated according to the detection result, and is connected with the direct current bus voltage detection circuit and the decommissioning power lithium battery power supply unit to obtain the direct current bus voltage and the current data output by the direct current bus, and determine whether to charge the decommissioning power lithium battery pack, supply the direct current bus or cut off the direct current bus, and generate a control signal to control the DC/DC converter according to the determination result, wherein the control signal is used for reading the condition of the direct current battery power supply and supplying power to the direct current to the DC bus and providing a proper current value to the DC/DC bus.
5. A communications base station comprising an intelligent multi-way hybrid battery manager according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized by: the realization method of the multipath mixed battery manager adopted by the communication base station comprises the following steps:
(1) When the commercial power exists, the commercial power is converted into direct current meeting the power supply standard of a communication base station through a switching power supply and supplies power for a direct current bus, the direct current bus supplies power for a base station load, charges a lead-acid battery pack and enables the lead-acid battery pack to be in a floating charge state, the direct current bus also charges all lithium battery power supply units connected to the direct current bus but not fully charged, and once a battery management system in the lithium battery power supply unit detects that the current lithium battery power supply unit is fully charged, a corresponding control signal is generated to cut off a charging loop of the direct current bus to the lithium battery power supply unit;
(2) At the moment of mains supply power failure, the voltage of the direct current bus cannot be greatly attenuated because of the voltage of the lead-acid battery pack, the voltage drop of the direct current bus cannot be detected by all lithium battery power supply units, at the moment, the lead-acid battery pack supplies power for the direct current bus, and the direct current bus supplies power for a base station load;
(3) After the mains supply is lost in a short time, the voltage of the lead-acid battery pack is reduced because the lead-acid battery pack starts to supply power to the direct-current bus from a floating state, the voltage of the direct-current bus is reduced along with the voltage reduction of the direct-current bus, the lithium battery power supply units can detect the voltage reduction of the direct-current bus, all the lithium battery power supply units start to supply power to the direct-current bus together, all the lithium battery power supply units serve as constant current sources to output, the output current is influenced by the voltage of the direct-current bus, the maximum dischargeable current of each lithium battery power supply unit is independently determined according to the performance of the lithium battery power supply unit, the output current of the lithium battery power supply unit which supplies power to the direct-current bus at the same moment is independently determined and controlled by the respective BMS and the DC/DC converter, and the output current is different according to the performance difference of the respective retired power lithium battery pack;
(4) After the mains supply is lost for a long time, due to the attenuation of the electric energy of the lithium battery power supply unit, the power supply requirement of the whole communication base station is difficult to meet by the cooperative power supply of the lithium battery power supply unit, so that the voltage of the direct-current bus drops below the platform voltage of the lead-acid battery pack, and at the moment, each lithium battery power supply unit maintains the maximum outputtable current to perform constant-current output, the lead-acid battery pack discharges, and the power supply requirement of the load of the communication base station is met;
(5) And (3) after the commercial power is recovered, the commercial power is converted into direct current through a switching power supply to supply power for a direct current bus, the direct current bus supplies power for a base station load, and the lead-acid battery pack is charged, so that the condition of (1) is recovered.
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