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CN109112500B - Cvd复合材料耐火涂层及其应用 - Google Patents

Cvd复合材料耐火涂层及其应用 Download PDF

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CN109112500B
CN109112500B CN201810506451.0A CN201810506451A CN109112500B CN 109112500 B CN109112500 B CN 109112500B CN 201810506451 A CN201810506451 A CN 201810506451A CN 109112500 B CN109112500 B CN 109112500B
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D.巴内尔吉
R.库珀
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Abstract

本发明题为“CVD复合材料耐火涂层及其应用”。本发明在一个方面提供了包含耐磨涂层的制品,所述耐磨涂层采用包括不同组合物和相的耐火层的复合结构。简而言之,被涂覆的制品包括基底和通过化学气相沉积法(CVD)沉积而附着到所述基底的涂层,所述涂层包括内部耐火层和外部氧化锆层或外部多相耐火层,所述内部耐火层包含M1‑xAlxN,其中x≥0.7,并且M为钛、铬或锆,所述外部多相耐火层包括氧化铝相和包含至少一种IVB族金属的氧化物相,其中所述M1‑xAlxN具有小于15重量%的六角相。

Description

CVD复合材料耐火涂层及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火涂层,并且具体地讲,涉及通过化学气相沉积法(CVD)沉积以用于切削工具和/或磨损应用的复合材料耐火涂层。
背景技术
切削工具(包括烧结碳化物切削工具)已用于涂覆涂层的和未涂覆涂层的条件两者中以便加工各种金属和合金。为了提高切削工具耐磨性、性能和寿命,已将一层或多层耐火材料施加于切削工具表面。已通过CVD并通过物理气相沉积法(PVD)将例如TiC、TiCN、TiN和/或Al2O3施加于烧结碳化物基底。虽然在多种应用中能有效抑制磨损并延长工具寿命,但基于上述耐火材料的单层或多层构造的耐火涂层已日益达到其性能极限,从而要求开发用于切削工具的新涂层结构。
发明内容
在一个方面,描述了包括耐磨涂层的制品,所述耐磨涂层采用包含不同组合物和相的耐火层的复合结构。简而言之,被涂覆的制品包括基底和通过化学气相沉积法(CVD)沉积而附着至基底的涂层,所述涂层包括内部耐火层和外部氧化锆层或外部多相耐火层,所述内部耐火层包含M1-xAlxN,其中x≥0.7,并且M为钛、铬或锆,所述外部多相耐火层包括氧化铝相和包含至少一种IVB族金属的氧化物相,其中M1-xAlxN具有小于15重量%的六角相。
在一些实施方案中,IVB族金属为锆,从而得到均匀或不均匀地分散在氧化铝相中的氧化锆相。这些和其他实施方案在下文的具体实施方式中进一步描述。
具体实施方式
参考以下具体实施方式和实施例以及前述和下述内容可更容易地理解本文所述的实施方案。然而,本文所述的元素、设备和方法并不限于具体实施方式和实施例中所述的具体实施方案。应当认识到,这些实施方案仅示例性地说明本发明的原理。在不脱离本发明实质和范围的情况下,多种修改和变更对于本领域技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
在一个方面,本文所述的被涂覆的制品包括基底和通过化学气相沉积法(CVD)沉积而附着到基底的涂层,所述涂层包括内部耐火层和外部多相耐火层,所述内部耐火层包含M1-xAlxN,其中x≥0.7,并且M为钛、铬或锆,所述外部多相耐火层包括氧化铝相和包含至少一种IVB族金属的氧化物相,其中M1-xAlxN具有小于15重量%的六角相。
现在转到具体的组成部分,被涂覆的制品包括基底。被涂覆的制品可包括不违背本发明目的的任何基底。例如,基底可为切削工具或用于磨损应用中的工具。切削工具包括但不限于可转位切削刀片、端铣刀或钻孔器。可转位切削刀片可具有用于铣削或车削应用的任何所需ANSI标准几何形状。本文所述的被涂覆的制品的基底可由烧结碳化物、碳化物、陶瓷、金属陶瓷、钢或其他合金形成。在一些实施方案中,烧结碳化物基底包含碳化钨(WC)。WC可以至少约80重量%的量或以至少约85重量%的量存在于切削工具基底中。另外,烧结碳化物的金属粘结剂可包含钴或钴合金。钴例如可以1重量%至15重量%范围内的量存在于烧结碳化物基底中。在一些实施方案中,钴以5-12重量%或6-10重量%范围内的量存在于烧结碳化物基底中。此外,烧结碳化物基底可表现出始于基底表面并从基底表面向内延伸的粘结剂富集区。
烧结碳化物基底还可包含一种或多种添加剂,诸如下列元素和/或其化合物中的一种或多种:钛、铌、钒、钽、铬、锆和/或铪。在一些实施方案中,钛、铌、钒、钽、铬、锆和/或铪与基底的WC形成固溶体碳化物。在此类实施方案中,基底可以0.1-5重量%范围内的量包含一种或多种固溶体碳化物。另外,烧结碳化物基底可包含氮。
如本文所述,附着到基底的CVD涂层包括包含M1-xAlxN的内部耐火层,其中x≥0.7并且M为钛、铬或锆。在一些实施方案中,本文所述的M1-xAlxN耐火层的x具有选自表I的值。
表I-M1-xAlxN的Al含量(at.%)
x在M<sub>1-x</sub>Al<sub>x</sub>N中的值
0.7-0.9
0.75-0.9
0.8-0.9
0.85-0.9
内部耐火层的M1-xAlxN表现出小于约15重量%的量的六角相含量。在一些实施方案中,内部耐火层的M1-xAlxN具有根据表II的六角相含量。
表II-M1-xAlxN的六角相含量(重量%)
≤10
≤5
0.5-15
0.5-10
5-10
0.5-5
包含M1-xAlxN的内部耐火层可具有不违背本发明目的的任何厚度。例如,内部耐火层可具有0.5μm至10μm或2μm至8μm的厚度。在一些实施方案中,包含M1-xAlxN的内部耐火层具有大于5μm的厚度。例如,具有本文所述构造、包括选自表I的x值和选自表II的六角相含量的内部耐火层可具有选自表III的厚度。
表III-耐火层厚度(μm)
Figure GDA0003295177200000031
Figure GDA0003295177200000041
本文所述的耐火层厚度可在切削工具的侧翼表面上测量。
在一些实施方案中,内部耐火层的M1-xAlxN可具有层状结构,该层状结构包括厚度通常小于200nm的薄片。在一些实施方案中,单独的薄片的厚度可在5nm至150nm的范围内。在一些实施方案中,层状结构的薄片厚度为10nm至200nm。薄片在M1-xAlxN层的厚度上可表现出基本上均匀的组成。作为另外一种选择,在M1-xAlxN层的厚度上薄片组成可以是变化的。例如,铝含量可在薄片之间变化,从而在M1-xAlxN层中建立一个或多个铝梯度。铝含量可在M1-xAlxN层上周期性或非周期性地变化,前提条件是x的平均值为至少0.7。在一些实施方案中,当没有形成薄片时存在铝的组成梯度。
在另外的实施方案中,包含M1-xAlxN的内部耐火层可表现出多层构造。例如,内部耐火层可包括M1-xAlxN的子层。M1-xAlxN的子层可具有不违背本发明目的的任何期望厚度。在一些实施方案中,M1-xAlxN子层具有10nm至500nm的单独厚度。在其它实施方案中,M1-xAlxN子层的厚度可大于100nm且小于1μm。M1-xAlxN子层可以足以实现本文表III中提供的厚度值的数量存在。另外,在子层之间可存在成分梯度,前提条件是子层群集上x的平均值为至少0.7。
在一些实施方案中,包含M1-xAlxN的内部耐火层直接沉积在基底上。在其它实施方案中,一个或多个粘结层可驻留在内层和基底之间。在一些实施方案中,一个或多个粘结层包含选自铝和周期表的IVB族、YB族和VIB族的金属元素中的一种或多种金属元素以及选自周期表的IIIA族、IVA族、VA族和VIA族中的一种或多种非金属元素。在一些实施方案中,基底和内部M1-xAlxN耐火层之间的一个或多个粘结层包含选自铝以及周期表的IVB族、VB族和VIB族的金属元素中的一个或多个金属元素的碳化物、氮化物、碳氮化物、氧碳氮化物、氧化物或硼化物。
例如,一个或多个粘结层选自氮化钛、碳氮化钛、氧碳氮化钛、碳化钛、氮化锆、碳氮化锆、氮化铪和碳氮化铪。涂层的一个或多个粘结层可具有不违背本发明目的的任何厚度。在一些实施方案中,单个粘结层的厚度可为至少0.5μm。作为另外一种选择,多个粘结层可共同实现至少1μm的厚度。
通过CVD沉积的涂层还包括外部多相耐火层,该外部多相耐火层包括氧化铝相以及包含至少一个IVB族金属的氧化物相。在一些实施方案中,氧化物相分散在氧化铝相中。例如,氧化物相可均匀地分散在氧化铝相中或不均匀地分散在氧化铝相中,从而产生一个或多个IVB族金属氧化物梯度。此外,在整个氧化铝相中,氧化物相的晶粒尺寸通常可为均匀的。作为另外一种选择,氧化物相的晶粒尺寸可随多相耐火层的厚度而变化。在一些实施方案中,氧化物相的晶粒尺寸在远离基底行进的方向上减小。在其它实施方案中,氧化物相的晶粒尺寸在远离基底行进的方向上增大。在另外的实施方案中,氧化物相仅可驻留在氧化铝相的晶粒边界处。
在一些实施方案中,氧化物相包含锆、钛或铪的单一氧化物。在其它实施方案中,氧化锆(ZrO2)、二氧化钛(TiO2)和/或二氧化铪(HfO2)的任何组合可形成氧化物相。
在具体的实施方案中,IVB族金属氧化物相包含氧化锆。氧化锆相可以不违背本发明目的的任何量存在于多相耐火层中。在一些实施方案中,氧化锆相以多相耐火层的5-60重量%的量存在。在一些实施方案中,氧化锆相以选自表IV的量存在。
表IV-多相耐火层的ZrO2含量(重量%)
10-50
20-40
30-40
5-30
5-25
35-50
氧化锆相可主要表现出单斜晶体结构。在一些实施方案中,氧化锆相包含单斜晶相和四方晶相的混合物。例如,氧化锆相可包含60-99.9%的单斜晶相,其余的为四方晶相。在其它实施方案中,四方晶相以1-35%或5-30%的量存在于氧化锆相中。在其它实施方案中,氧化锆相包含1-10%的四方晶相。
在一些实施方案中,氧化锆相分散在氧化铝相中。例如,氧化锆相可分散在整个氧化铝相中。在其它实施方案中,氧化锆相不均匀地分布在氧化铝相中,从而产生一种或多种氧化锆梯度。另外,氧化锆相的晶粒通常可表现出柱状形态。在一些实施方案中,例如,氧化锆晶粒具有大于1.3的纵横比,其中长轴垂直于或基本上垂直于基底。
此外,氧化锆相在刚沉积的状态中可表现出低水平的残余拉伸应力。在一些实施方案中,氧化锆相在刚沉积的状态中表现出100-400MPa的残余拉伸应力。在其它实施方案中,刚沉积的氧化锆相的拉伸应力在150-300MPa的范围内。残余应力和剪切应力由使用Chitilt Sin2ψ方法的x射线衍射参照单斜氧化锆结晶相的(002)反射测定。在Bragg衍射仪上收集数据并如上所述进行处理。
然后使用以下公式校准吸收度和透明度的峰值数据:
吸收度校准
Figure GDA0003295177200000061
透明度校准
Figure GDA0003295177200000062
其中
Figure GDA0003295177200000063
并且
Figure GDA0003295177200000064
其中:
t=层厚度
μ=线性吸收系数(cm-1)
θ=2θ/2(度)
(ω-θ)=ω偏斜角(度)
ψ=倾斜角度(Psi应力)(度)
τ=信息深度(微米)
R=测角器半径(mm)
使用以下公式校准洛仑兹偏振的峰值数据:
偏振校准
Figure GDA0003295177200000071
mon=石墨单色器的衍射角
使用Ladell模型移除kα2峰。使用皮尔逊形状轮廓函数(Pearson shape profilefunction)精修峰位置。
由以下一般公式计算剩余应力:
Figure GDA0003295177200000072
其中
Figure GDA0003295177200000073
Figure GDA0003295177200000074
角度为
Figure GDA0003295177200000075
且倾斜角为ψ时的晶格常数
do=无应变时的晶格常数
Figure GDA0003295177200000076
旋转角度
ψ=样本倾斜角
σ12=样本表面的主要应力张量
Figure GDA0003295177200000077
旋转角度为
Figure GDA0003295177200000078
时的应力
S1&1/2 S2=X射线弹性常数
Figure GDA0003295177200000079
对于本发明的氧化锆分析,将泊松比(υ)设定为0.23,并且弹性模量(E,以GPa计)根据文献被确定为220。
氧化铝相可以不违背本发明目的的任何量存在于多相耐火层中。在一些实施方案中,氧化铝相是多相耐火层的主要相。例如,氧化铝相可以多相耐火层的55-95重量%的量存在。
作为另外一种选择,氧化铝相以小于氧化物相的量存在。根据CVD条件,氧化铝相可为α-氧化铝、κ-氧化铝或其混合物(α/κ)。此外,氧化铝相可掺杂有锆、钛和/或铪。在一些实施方案中,IVB族金属以氧化铝相的0.1至5重量%的量存在氧化铝相中。IVB族金属也可以选自表V的量存在于氧化铝相中。
表V-IVB族掺杂物(氧化铝相的重量%)
0.5-30
1-15
2-10
5-20
存在于氧化铝相中的IVB族金属掺杂物必然改变氧化铝晶格。通过掺入IVB族金属掺杂物而改变氧化铝晶格通过XRD得以证实。
类似于氧化锆相,氧化铝相的晶粒也可表现出长轴垂直于或基本上垂直于基底的柱状形态。此外,氧化铝相在刚沉积的状态中可表现出较低的残余拉伸应力。在一些实施方案中,氧化铝相在刚沉积的状态中具有200-600MPa或250-500MPa的残余拉伸应力。氧化铝相的残余应力可使用Chi tilt Sin2ψ方法参照(116)反射来确定。对于氧化铝相分析,将泊松比(υ)设定为0.19,并通过纳米压痕硬度根据对单相α氧化铝涂层的分析确定弹性模量(E,以GPa计)为415。
使用Rietveld法执行对CVD涂层的M1-xAlxN、氧化铝和IVB族金属氧化物相的定量分析。使用Bragg衍射仪收集数据并如上所述进行处理。在进行Rietveld分析时,辨别所收集模式中的所有相并针对每个相选择结构数据。为了保持Rietveld分析一致,使用相同的结构数据来进行涂层的所有分析。所用的结构数据取自ICDD PDF4 2015数据库。所用的结构数据来自以下卡:
04-001-7278氧化锆(四方晶相)
04-004-4339氧化锆(单斜晶相)
04-006-0204氧碳氮钛
03-065-9875碳氮化钛
04-006-9359氧化铝(α)
04-012-6907氧化铝(κ)
04-016-3697碳化钨
M1-xAlxN和其它IVB族金属氧化物的附加卡可从ICDD数据库获得。在Rietveld精修中,对针对以下项所收集的数据的参数进行校准:
样本位移
零点漂移
使用Chebyshev轮廓Rietveld精修参数为每个相描摹背景,所述精修参数为:
缩放系数
晶格参数
Caglioti V
Caglioti W
使用球谐函数校准图案中的任何取向。
为了确保Rietveld精修的正确性,需要精修样品中的所有相。继续精修,直到达到至少0.9(90%)的良好贴合度。一旦精修完成,就将除复合层中的相之外的所有相从精修中移除,并将复合层相归一化至100%。
外部多相耐火层可具有不违背本发明目的的任何厚度。在一些实施方案中,包含氧化铝和氧化物相的外部多相耐火层具有0.1μm-15μm的厚度。外部多相耐火层的厚度可选自表VI。
表III-外部多相耐火层厚度(μm)
0.5-10
1-5
5-10
0.1-5
在一些实施方案中,外部多相层包含氧化铝、氧化锆和/或其它金属氧化物的子层。例如,包含氧化铝和氧化物相的多相子层可与氧化铝和/或氧化锆或其它过渡金属氧化物的子层交替。多相子层可具有不违背本发明目的的任何厚度。在一些实施方案中,多相子层具有10nm至500nm的单独厚度。类似地,氧化铝、氧化锆或其它金属氧化物的子层各自的厚度可为10nm至500nm。多相子层可与氧化铝、氧化锆或其它金属氧化物的子层周期性地交替。在其它实施方案中,多相子层与氧化铝、氧化锆或其它金属氧化物的子层可以非周期性的方式交替。
在另外的实施方案中,多相耐火层被氧化锆层取代。在此类实施方案中,氧化锆耐火层可包含60-99.9%的单斜晶相,其余的为四方晶相。在其它实施方案中,四方晶相以1-35%或5-30%的量存在于氧化锆相中。
氧化锆耐火层也可具有选自本文的表VII的厚度。
在一些实施方案中,外部多相耐火层或氧化锆层直接沉积在包含M1-xAlxN的内部耐火层上。作为另外一种选择,本文所述的涂层还可包括在多相耐火层和包含M1-xAlxN的中间层之间的一个或多个中间层。在一些实施方案中,一个或多个中间层包含选自铝和周期表的IVB族、VB族和VIB族的金属元素中的一种或多种金属元素以及选自周期表的IIIA族、IVA族、VA族和VIA族中的一种或多种非金属元素。在一些实施方案中,一个或多个中间层包含选自铝及周期表的IVB族、VB族和VIB族的金属元素中的一种或多种金属元素的碳化物、氮化物、碳氮化物、氧碳氮化物、氧化物或硼化物。
例如,一个或多个中间层选自氮化钛、碳氮化钛、氧碳氮化钛、碳化钛、氮化锆、碳氮化锆、氮化铪和碳氮化铪。涂层的一个或多个中间层可具有不违背本发明目的的任何厚度。在一些实施方案中,单个中间层的厚度可为至少1.5μm。作为另外一种选择,多个中间层可共同实现至少1.5μm的厚度。
外部多相耐火层或氧化锆层可为涂层的最外层。作为另外一种选择,本文所述的涂层可包括在多相耐火层或氧化锆上的一个或多个最外层。一个或多个最外层可包含选自铝和周期表的IVB族、VB族和VIB族的金属元素中的一种或多种金属元素以及选自周期表的IIIA族、IVA族、VA族和VIA族中的一种或多种非金属元素。耐火层上的一个或多个最外层可包含选自铝和周期表的IVB族、VB族和VIB族的金属元素中的一种或多种金属元素的碳化物、氮化物、碳氮化物、氧碳氮化物、氧化物或硼化物。例如,一个或多个最外层选自氮化钛、碳氮化钛、氧碳氮化钛、碳化钛、氮化锆、碳氮化锆、氮化铪、碳氮化铪和氧化铝,以及它们的混合物。
本文所述涂层的一个或多个最外层可具有不违背本发明目的的任何厚度。在一些实施方案中,涂层最外层的厚度可在0.2μm至5μm的范围内。
如本文所述,包含M1-xAlxN的内部耐火层通过CVD沉积。因此,当M为钛时,内部耐火层通常可由包含氯化钛、氯化铝和氨的气体混合物沉积而成。在一些实施方案中,包含Ti1- xAlxN的内部耐火层根据表VII中的参数进行沉积。
表VII-Ti1-xAlxN的CVD参数
Figure GDA0003295177200000111
多相耐火层也通过CVD沉积。多相耐火层可由H2、N2、CO2、HCl、AlCl3、ZrCl4和H2S的气体混合物沉积而成。AlCl3和ZrCl4可在多相耐火层的引发和生长期间被同时引入沉积室中。在多相耐火层成核期间ZrCl4的存在不同于其中首先使氧化铝层成核随后在氧化铝层生长期间引入ZrCl4的现有技术。本发明的CVD方法还有别于其中氧化铝和氧化锆层以分层形式彼此独立地生长的现有技术。在一些实施方案中,AlCl3和ZrCl4在单独的发生器中于350-400℃下由金属切屑和HCl形成。用于沉积多相耐火层的一般CVD处理参数提供于表VIII中。
表VIII-多相耐火层CVD处理参数
Figure GDA0003295177200000112
用于各粘结层和/或中间层的一般CVD沉积参数提供于表IX中。
表IX-用于粘结层/中间层沉积的CVD参数
基层组成 气体混合物 温度℃ 压力毫巴 持续时间分钟
TiN H<sub>2</sub>,N<sub>2</sub>,TiCl<sub>4</sub> 800-900 60-100 10-90
MT-TiCN H<sub>2</sub>、N<sub>2</sub>、TiCl<sub>4</sub>、CH<sub>3</sub>CN 750-900 65-100 50-400
HT-TiCN H<sub>2</sub>,N<sub>2</sub>,TiCl<sub>4</sub>,CH<sub>4</sub> 900-1050 60-160 30-200
TiOCN H<sub>2</sub>、N<sub>2</sub>、TiCl<sub>4</sub>、CH<sub>4</sub>、CO 900-1050 200-550 30-70
在一些实施方案中,用于粘结层或中间层沉积的前述一般CVD参数可被应用于沉积一个或多个最外层。
本文所述的涂层可经受涂布后处理。例如可将涂层用各种湿和/或干颗粒组合物喷射。涂布后喷射可以任何所需的方式实施。在一些实施方案中,涂布后喷射包括喷丸处理或压力喷射。压力喷射可以多种形式实施,包括压缩空气喷射、湿压缩空气喷射、加压液体喷射、湿喷射和蒸汽喷射。湿喷射例如使用无机和/或陶瓷颗粒(诸如氧化铝)和水的浆液实现。可将糊状的颗粒以气动方式投射在经涂布的切削工具主体的表面处以冲击涂层的表面。无机和/或陶瓷颗粒的尺寸通常可在约20μm与约100μm之间的范围内。
喷射参数包括压力、冲击角度、与部件表面的距离和持续时间。在一些实施方案中,冲击角度可在约10度至约90度的范围内,即,颗粒以约10度至约90度范围内的角度冲击涂层表面。在与被涂覆的表面相距1-6英寸时,合适的压力可在30-55磅每平方英寸(psi)的范围内。此外,喷射的持续时间通常可在1至10秒或更长的范围内。喷射通常可在涂层的表面区域上实施,或可施加到精选的位置,诸如在切削工具的工件接触区中。工件接触区可以是切削工具的磨光区。
在其他实施方案中,涂层经受抛光涂布后处理。
可用适当金刚石或陶瓷磨粒尺寸的糊剂实施抛光。在一些实施方案中,糊剂的磨粒尺寸在1μm至10μm的范围内。在一个实施方案中,使用5-10μm金刚石磨粒糊剂对涂层抛光。此外,可通过不违背本发明目的的任何设备诸如刷子,将磨粒糊剂施加到CVD涂层。在一个实施方案中,例如,使用扁平刷将磨粒糊剂施加到切削工具的工件接触区中的CVD涂层。
可将本文所述的涂层喷射或抛光足以实现所需的表面粗糙度(Ra)和/或其他参数(诸如降低涂层中的残余拉伸应力)的时间段。在一些实施方案中,经受涂布后处理的涂层的表面粗糙度(Ra)选自表X。
表X-涂布后表面粗糙度(Ra)
涂层表面粗糙度(R<sub>a</sub>)-nm
≤500
≤250
<200
10-250
50-175
25-150
可使用可从纽约普莱恩维尤的维易科仪器公司(Veeco Instruments,Inc.,Plainview,New York)商购获得的
Figure GDA0003295177200000131
NT系列光学轮廓仪,通过光学轮廓术来测定涂层表面粗糙度。
此外,在一些实施方案中,涂布后处理不移除涂层的一个或多个最外层。在一些实施方案中,例如,涂布后处理不移除TiN、TiCN和/或TiOCN的最外层。作为另外一种选择,涂布后处理可移除或部分地移除一个或多个最外层,诸如TiN、TiCN和TiOCN。
针对实现本发明多个目的,现已描述了本发明的多个实施方案。应当认识到,这些实施方案仅示例性地说明本发明的原理。在不脱离本发明实质和范围的情况下,其多种修改和变更对于本领域技术人员而言将是显而易见的。

Claims (20)

1.一种被涂覆的制品,包括:
基底;和
涂层,所述涂层通过化学气相沉积法(CVD)沉积而附着到所述基底,所述涂层包括内部耐火层和外部多相耐火层,所述内部耐火层包含M1-xAlxN,其中x≥0.7,并且M为钛、铬或锆,所述外部多相耐火层包括氧化铝相和均匀地或不均匀地分散在所述氧化铝相中的氧化物相,所述氧化物相包括主要表现出单斜晶体结构的氧化锆,其中所述M1-xAlxN具有小于15重量%的六角相。
2.根据权利要求1所述的被涂覆的制品,其中,0.7≤x≤0.9。
3.根据权利要求1所述的被涂覆的制品,其中所述M1-xAlxN具有小于10重量%的六角相。
4.根据权利要求1所述的被涂覆的制品,其中所述M1-xAlxN具有小于5重量%的六角相。
5.根据权利要求1所述的被涂覆的制品,其中所述氧化物相不均匀地分布在所述氧化铝相中。
6.根据权利要求1所述的被涂覆的制品,其中所述氧化物相以所述多相耐火层的5-60重量%的量存在。
7.根据权利要求1所述的被涂覆的制品,其中所述氧化铝相包含α氧化铝、κ氧化铝或它们的混合物。
8.根据权利要求1所述的被涂覆的制品,其中所述氧化锆相包含单斜晶相和四方晶相的混合物。
9.根据权利要求8所述的被涂覆的制品,其中所述氧化锆相包含60-99.9%的单斜晶相。
10.根据权利要求8所述的被涂覆的制品,其中所述氧化锆相包含1-10%的四方晶相。
11.根据权利要求1所述的被涂覆的制品,其中所述内部耐火层通过一个或多个粘结耐火层附着到所述基底。
12.根据权利要求11所述的被涂覆的制品,其中所述一个或多个粘结耐火层包含选自铝和周期表的IVB族、VB族和VIB族的金属元素中的一种或多种金属元素以及周期表的IIIA族、IVA族、VA族和VIA族中的一种或多种非金属元素。
13.根据权利要求12所述的被涂覆的制品,其中所述一个或多个粘结耐火层选自TiN、AlTiN、TiC和TiCN。
14.根据权利要求1所述的被涂覆的制品,其中包含M1-xAlxN的所述内部耐火层包括铝梯度。
15.根据权利要求1所述的被涂覆的制品,其中包含M1-xAlxN的所述内部耐火层包括层状结构。
16.根据权利要求15所述的被涂覆的制品,其中所述层状结构的薄片厚度为10nm至200nm。
17.根据权利要求1所述的被涂覆的制品,其中所述基底为切削工具。
18.根据权利要求17所述的被涂覆的制品,其中所述切削工具为切削刀片或旋转切削工具。
19.根据权利要求1所述的被涂覆的制品,其中所述基底为烧结碳化物、金属陶瓷或钢。
20.根据权利要求1所述的被涂覆的制品,其中所述基底为碳化物或陶瓷。
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