CN109098208B - Submarine tunnel and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Submarine tunnel and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109098208B CN109098208B CN201811013961.0A CN201811013961A CN109098208B CN 109098208 B CN109098208 B CN 109098208B CN 201811013961 A CN201811013961 A CN 201811013961A CN 109098208 B CN109098208 B CN 109098208B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/06—Constructions, or methods of constructing, in water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
- E02D29/05—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them at least part of the cross-section being constructed in an open excavation or from the ground surface, e.g. assembled in a trench
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/063—Tunnels submerged into, or built in, open water
- E02D29/07—Tunnels or shuttering therefor preconstructed as a whole or continuously made, and moved into place on the water-bed, e.g. into a preformed trench
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Abstract
The invention discloses a submarine tunnel and a construction method thereof, wherein the submarine tunnel comprises a groove and a lining, the lining is formed by splicing modules along the groove, and the splicing modules are hollow tubular; the distance between the bottom surface and the top surface of the outer side of the splicing module is smaller than the distance between the two side surfaces of the inner side of the splicing module; the construction method comprises the following steps: digging a groove on the surface of a seabed by adopting a dredger, vertically fixing a splicing module in the groove, horizontally placing and rotating the splicing module by 90 degrees by adopting a docking platform, then transporting the splicing module to a splicing position from the inner side of the spliced splicing module, rotating the horizontally placed splicing module by 90 degrees, overturning the splicing module to be aligned with the end surface of the spliced splicing module by using a turnover machine, compacting by using a hydraulic cylinder, and backfilling soil dug in the groove on the spliced splicing module; the construction efficiency is high, and the cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnels, in particular to a submarine tunnel and a construction method thereof.
Background
The submarine tunnel is a tunnel arranged under the seabed, and the existing submarine tunnel construction method mainly comprises the following three steps:
1. the drilling and blasting method includes drilling holes with a drilling machine, embedding explosive into the holes for blasting, gradually excavating out sections to complete tunnel excavation, and simultaneously constructing lining to prevent collapse during the excavation. The construction method has the advantages that the influence on the seawater environment is large in the blasting working process, a large amount of gunpowder is consumed, broken stones and soil are required to be transported away after blasting, the working efficiency is low, and the cost is high.
2. The tunnelling machine method uses special large-scale cutting equipment to cut, squeeze and break rock, then uses matched conveying equipment to convey broken stone out so as to form tunnel. The tunnel inner wall structure formed by the construction method has poor strength stability and sealing performance, and the path for transporting broken stone needs to run along the tunnel, so that the travel is long, the working efficiency is low, and the cost is high.
3. The shield method is characterized in that shield machinery is propelled in the ground, surrounding rocks around a shield shell and a duct piece support are used for preventing collapse in a tunnel, soil is excavated by a cutting device in front of the excavation face, the shield machinery is transported out of the tunnel through a soil outlet machine, the shield machinery is pressurized and jacked in the rear part by a jack, and precast concrete duct pieces are assembled to form a tunnel structure. In this scheme, sand and rock in the tunnel need be transported away along the tunnel, and the transport path is long, and work efficiency is low, adopts shield to construct and need consume a large amount of energy in the mechanical propulsion process, still need to maintain shield to construct machinery, and the cost is higher.
Therefore, the existing construction methods have the problems of low working efficiency and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a submarine tunnel and a construction method thereof, which are used for improving the construction efficiency and reducing the construction cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
A submarine tunnel comprises a trench and a lining, wherein the lining is formed by splicing modules along the trench, and the splicing modules are hollow tubular; the distance between the bottom surface and the top surface of the outer side of the splicing module is smaller than the distance between the two side surfaces of the inner side of the splicing module.
The embodiment of the invention is further provided with the following steps: one end face of the splicing module is fixedly connected with a protrusion, and the other end face of the splicing module is provided with a circle of groove for the protrusion to be spliced and matched.
The embodiment of the invention is further provided with the following steps: the splicing module is provided with a gas transmission channel, and two ports of the gas transmission channel are respectively communicated with two end surfaces of the splicing module; after the two splicing modules are spliced with each other, the ports of the gas transmission channels can be butted with each other.
The embodiment of the invention is further provided with the following steps: the end face of the splicing module is provided with a joggle groove, after the splicing module is spliced with each other, the joggle grooves are aligned with each other, a joggle piece is inserted into the joggle groove, the joggle piece is divided into two parts, a joggle face which is in interference fit with each other is arranged between the joggle pieces of the two parts which are divided into two parts, and the outer side of the joggle piece faces the inner wall of the joggle groove and has extrusion acting force along the radial direction of the joggle groove.
The embodiment of the invention is further provided with the following steps: and the inner side of the splicing module is horizontally and fixedly connected with a horizontal partition board.
The embodiment of the invention is further provided with the following steps: and a vertical partition plate is fixedly connected between the upper surface of the horizontal partition plate and the inner wall of the splicing module.
The embodiment of the invention is further provided with the following steps: and a supporting plate is fixedly connected between the lower surface of the partition plate and the inner wall of the splicing module.
A construction method of a submarine tunnel is used for any submarine tunnel and comprises the following steps:
S1: digging a groove;
s2: splicing the splicing modules from land;
S3: transporting, namely horizontally placing the subsequent splicing modules on a transport vehicle, enabling the width direction of the splicing modules to be parallel to the central axis direction of the spliced splicing modules, and enabling the transport vehicle to drive the horizontally placed splicing modules to pass through the inner sides of the splicing modules vertically fixed in the grooves and enter the guide machine;
S4: the transport vehicle moves to the splicing platform and adjusts the angle and the position of the splicing module, so that the splicing module rotates to the direction of height to be far away from the spliced splicing module, and the two side surfaces are respectively aligned with the two side surfaces of the spliced splicing module;
S5: the turnover machine clamps the splicing modules and drives the splicing modules to lift upwards, meanwhile, the transport vehicle withdraws from the lower part of the splicing modules and drives out of the guide machine, the splicing platform withdraws from the lower part of the splicing modules, the splicing modules turn over to a vertical state in the direction close to the spliced splicing modules under the action of self gravity, the turnover machine loosens the splicing modules, the splicing modules are placed on rolling elements paved on the bottom surface of the guide machine, the hydraulic pushing device pushes the splicing platform to limit the splicing platform to move in the direction away from the spliced splicing modules, and an extrusion hydraulic cylinder on the splicing platform pushes the splicing modules to move towards the spliced modules close to the spliced splicing modules so as to enable the splicing modules to be mutually pressed and abutted;
S6: and injecting slurry to the outer bottom surface of the splicing module through the grouting opening.
The embodiment of the invention is further provided with the following steps: the step S2 further includes a step P1: and sticking a flexible cushion layer on the end face of the vertically fixed splicing module.
The embodiment of the invention is further provided with the following steps: the step S2 further includes step Q1: and brushing a sealing adhesive piece on the end face of the vertically fixed splicing module.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
the dredger can be used for dredging the ditches, so that the dredging depth is low, soil on the surface of the seabed is soft, the work required to be consumed for dredging is small, the energy consumption is low, and the cost is low; after the splicing modules are spliced, the dug soil can be covered on the splicing modules at the same time, so that the working efficiency is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the tunnel structure in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the height dimension and the inside width dimension of the splice module in embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the grooves in embodiment 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the convex structure in embodiment 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the alignment of end faces of the splice modules in embodiment 1 when they are spliced to each other;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the connection between the flexible mat and the seal adhesive and the inner wall of the groove in example 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a splice module in embodiment 2;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship between the guide and the groove in example 3;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a connection structure between a leader and a tunnel in embodiment 3;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a connection structure between a rolling member and a splice module and a guide machine in embodiment 3;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing an operational flow of the submarine tunnel construction method embodied in example 3;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the dovetail construction embodied in example 4;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of the sub-tenon and the sub-tenon in embodiment 4;
fig. 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of the sub-tenon and the main tenon in embodiment 5.
Wherein,
1. A groove;
2. Lining; 21. splicing modules; 211. a protrusion; 212. a groove; 213. a gas transmission channel; 214. a first wedge; 215. a second wedge; 216. a horizontal partition; 217. a vertical partition; 218. a support plate; 22. a flexible cushion layer; 23. sealing the adhesive; 24. a dovetail groove; 25. a dovetail; 251. sub tenons; 252. a female tenon; 253. a dovetail face; 254. a positioning block;
3. a leader; 31. a cavity; 32. a grouting port; 33. necking;
4. A docking platform;
5. a turnover machine;
6. A pneumatic sealing tape;
7. A rolling member;
8. A hydraulic pushing device;
9. An auxiliary pushing device;
101. a stirrer; .
Detailed Description
The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A submarine tunnel, as shown in figure 1, comprises a trench 1 and a lining 2, wherein the lining 2 is formed by splicing prefabricated splicing modules 21 along the trench 1, and the splicing modules 21 are hollow tubular; in connection with fig. 2, the distance between the bottom surface and the top surface of the outer side of the splice module 21 is smaller than the distance between the two side surfaces of the inner side of the splice module 21, in the process of splicing, the splice module 21 is horizontally placed and horizontally rotated by 90 degrees to the height direction (the dimension indicated by H in fig. 2 is the height dimension, L is the length dimension, and W is the width dimension) and the width direction of the spliced splice module 21 are parallel, and then the horizontally placed splice module 21 is transported from the inner side of the spliced splice module 21.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4 together, a protrusion 211 is fixedly connected to one end surface of the splicing module 21, and a circle of groove 212 for inserting and matching the protrusion 211 is formed in the other end surface. Referring to fig. 5, after the splice modules 21 are spliced with each other, the protrusions 211 are inserted into the grooves 212, and the grooves 212 are arranged along the outer side edges of the splice modules 21, so that the protrusions 211 can be sealed and coated on the inner side, and the sealing performance is improved. The inner side surface of the groove 212 is an outwards expanding inclined surface, the outer side surface of the protrusion 211 is an inwards shrinking inclined surface, and the outer side surface of the protrusion 211 and the inner side surface of the groove 212 can be mutually tightly abutted and matched, namely, the assembly guiding function is achieved, and the sealing performance between the end surfaces of the splicing modules 21 can be improved. Referring to fig. 6, before the fitting, a layer of flexible cushion layer 22 is attached to the bottom surface of the groove 212, the flexible cushion layer 22 may be made of a material similar to a rubber pad, and after the protrusion 211 is inserted into the groove 212, the end surface of the protrusion 211 presses the rubber pad, and the rubber pad is stressed to be plastically deformed to fill the gap between the end surface of the protrusion 211 and the bottom surface of the groove 212. The inner side surface of the groove 212 is brushed with a sealing adhesive piece 23, the sealing adhesive piece 23 can be made of a material similar to sealing adhesive with an adhesive function, the inner inclined surface of the groove 212 and the outer inclined surface of the protrusion 211 can be closely adhered through the sealing adhesive, and the sealing adhesive can improve the connection strength and the sealing performance between the end surfaces of the splicing modules 21.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the splicing module 21 is provided with a gas transmission channel 213, and two ports of the gas transmission channel 213 are respectively led to two end surfaces of the splicing module 21; after the two splicing modules 21 are spliced with each other, the ports of the gas transmission channels 213 can be butted with each other. The gas transmission channel 213 is used for ventilation (fresh air or oxygen is introduced and exhaust gas is discharged) of the space inside the spliced pipeline. The gas delivery channel 213 is not limited to use for gas delivery, but may be used for water delivery or cabling.
One end face of the splicing module 21 is fixedly connected with a first wedge block 214, the other end face of the splicing module 21 is fixedly connected with a second wedge block 215, the first wedge block 214 and the second wedge block 215 are aligned along the butt joint direction of the splicing module 21, and after the two splicing modules 21 are spliced with each other, inclined planes of the first wedge block 214 and the second wedge block 215 can be mutually attached. The wedge blocks are cylindrical, the central axis of the wedge blocks is coincided with the central axis of the gas transmission channel 213, and after the inclined planes of the two wedge blocks are mutually coincided, the two wedge blocks can be spliced to form a complete cylindrical structure. The wedge blocks can improve the alignment accuracy between the gas transmission channels 213, and the matching surfaces of the wedge blocks are brushed with glue during installation, so that the interface sealing performance of the gas transmission channels 213 and the connection strength between the end surfaces of the splicing modules 21 can be improved.
Example 2
The submarine tunnel is different from embodiment 1 in that, as shown in fig. 7, a horizontal partition plate 216 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the splicing module 21 horizontally, the horizontal partition plate 216 can divide the tunnel into an upper space and a lower space, and two channels can be spliced at one time, so that the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is reduced. The vertical partition 217 is fixedly connected between the upper surface of the horizontal partition 216 and the inner wall of the splicing module 21, the vertical partition 217 can divide the upper space of the horizontal partition 216 into two parallel spaces, if a train runs in a tunnel, the air pressure in the front space of the train is increased, the space behind the tail of the train forms sub-vacuum, the front high pressure and the tail low pressure prevent the train from advancing, when the trains in the two channels travel reversely by communicating the two channels on the horizontal partition 216, the high pressure air in the head of one train flows into the low pressure space at the tail of the other train, the high pressure air in the head of the other train flows into the low pressure space at the tail of the one train, the air pressures in the two channels can be mutually supplemented, the air pressure difference between the head of the train and the tail space of the train is reduced, and the resistance of the air pressure difference to the train is reduced.
A supporting plate 218 is fixedly connected between the lower surface of the partition plate and the inner wall of the splicing module 21, and the supporting plate 218 is used for supporting the central position of the horizontal partition plate 216 and improving the bearing capacity of the horizontal partition plate 216.
Example 3
Fig. 8 and 9 (the figure is rotated 90 degrees anticlockwise for the sake of more clearly showing the structure of the figure because the length direction of the figure is too large) are schematic views of the state of the splicing operation of the trench 1 and the splicing module 21, and a guiding machine 3, a dredger (not shown), a docking platform 4 and a turnover machine 5 are required in the construction process; the guide machine 3 is hollow tubular, the upper surface of the front end (one end close to the tunneling direction of the dredger) of the guide machine 3 is provided with an inclined surface, the inclined surface inclines towards the direction close to the bottom surface of the groove 1 along the tunneling direction, when the guide machine 3 advances along the groove 1, the residual soil in the groove 1 can be ejected out of the groove 1, the buoyancy difference between the top and the bottom of the guide machine 3 can be increased, and the guide machine 3 is prevented from floating. The tail of the guiding machine 3 is opened, the tail of the guiding machine 3 is fixedly connected with a necking 33, a tunnel to be spliced is inserted into the guiding machine 3 from the necking 33, a pneumatic sealing belt 6 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the necking 33, after the pneumatic sealing belt 6 is inflated, the surface of the pneumatic sealing belt 6 is in sealing sliding connection with the outer surface of the splicing module 21 in the advancing process of the guiding machine 3, the surface of the pneumatic sealing belt 6 is in sealing butt joint with the outer side surface of the splicing module 21, and seawater and soil are prevented from entering the guiding machine 3, so that the seawater or the soil is prevented from entering the tunnel. The pneumatic sealing belts 6 are more than three, one of the pneumatic sealing belts 6 is used in working, and the rest pneumatic sealing belts 6 are reserved.
In operation, in conjunction with fig. 10, the spliced modules 21 are flatly placed by a transport vehicle (not shown) and fed into the leader 3 from the spliced modules 21, the docking platform 4 is moved to the entrance of the leader 3, and the transport vehicle is moved onto the docking platform 4 and the orientation is adjusted to align the spliced modules 21 with the spliced modules 21. The turnover machine 5 is provided with two groups of turnover machines and is respectively positioned at two sides of the spliced module 21 to be spliced, the turnover machines 5 can vertically lift, the spliced module 21 to be spliced is clamped by the two groups of turnover machines 5 towards the direction close to each other and drives the spliced module 21 to ascend, meanwhile, the transport vehicle withdraws from the lower part of the spliced module 21 and drives the guide machine 3 to exit, after the transport vehicle withdraws, the spliced module 21 vertically overturns to an upright state under the action of self gravity, the spliced module 21 to be spliced is mutually aligned with the end face of the spliced module 21, the splicing platform 4 withdraws from the lower part of the spliced module 21, the turnover machine 5 loosens the spliced module 21, and the spliced module 21 is placed on the bottom surface of the guide machine 3. The turnover machine 5 can move along the direction parallel to the movement direction of the guide machine 3, when the transport vehicle drives the splicing module 21 to adjust the direction, the turnover machine 5 moves away from the outlet of the guide machine 3 in the direction away from the spliced splicing module 21, so that space is reserved for the movement of the transport vehicle, and after the direction of the splicing module 21 is adjusted, the turnover machine 5 moves to two sides of the splicing module 21.
The guide machine 3 is internally provided with a hydraulic pushing device 8 and a secondary pushing device 9, the hydraulic pushing device 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner side of the guide machine 3, and the secondary pushing device 9 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the inner side of the guide machine 3. The hydraulic pushing device 8 pushes the splicing platform 4 to prevent the splicing platform 4 from moving towards the direction away from the spliced modules 21 which are spliced, an extrusion hydraulic cylinder (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the splicing platform 4, the extrusion hydraulic cylinder pushes the spliced modules 21 on the splicing platform 4 to lean against the spliced modules 21 which are spliced, and meanwhile, the auxiliary pushing device 9 pushes the top of the spliced modules 21 to move towards the direction close to the spliced modules 21 which are spliced, so that the stress of the spliced modules 21 is more balanced.
The docking platform 4 pushes the splicing module 21, and the reaction force received by the docking platform 4 pushes the guiding machine 3 to advance.
The rolling elements 7 are paved on the inner bottom surface of the guiding machine 3, the rolling elements 7 can adopt roller bearings or steel shafts, preferably roller shafts are adopted, the roller shafts are supported by supporting frames (the roller shafts are limited to move along the direction parallel to the bottom surface of the guiding machine 3), the roller shafts rotate in situ in the working process, the rotating direction of the rolling elements 7 is consistent with the relative movement direction of the splicing module 21 and the guiding machine 3, the docking platform 4 is positioned above the rolling elements 7, and the rolling elements 7 are used for reducing the friction resistance born by the docking platform 4 and the guiding machine 3 during the relative movement.
The guiding machine 3 is internally provided with a stirrer 101 which is used for stirring and preparing concrete slurry, the guiding machine 3 is of a double-layer structure (a partition plate is adopted between the outer side of the bottom surface and the inner layer for supporting), a cavity 31 is arranged between the inner side and the outer layer, and the casing of the guiding machine 3 adopts the double-layer structure to improve the compressive strength. The grouting opening 32 is formed in the inner side face of the bottom face of the tail of the splicing module 21, the grouting opening 32 is connected with the stirrer 101 through a pipeline, slurry prepared by the stirrer is sprayed between the bottom face of the splicing module 21 and the bottom face of the groove 1 through the grouting opening 32 through a slurry pump, and the splicing module 21 can be supported and fixed after the slurry is solidified.
Referring to fig. 11, the specific construction steps are as follows:
s1: digging a groove 1, digging the groove 1 on a sea bed surface and a land surface of a preset route by using a dredger, and conveying soil dug from the groove 1 to the splicing module 21 at the tail part of the guiding machine 3 through a conveying pipeline for backfilling;
S2: the first splicing module 21 is vertically fixed in the groove 1, the first splicing module 21 is fixed on land, namely, the splicing module 21 is inserted into the guide machine 3 to carry out splicing operation from the land, so that water can be prevented from entering the guide machine 3 or the splicing module 21 due to direct underwater splicing;
P1: a layer of flexible cushion layer 22 is stuck on the end face of the vertically fixed splicing module 21, and the flexible cushion layer 22 can be a rubber cushion;
Q1: brushing a sealing adhesive piece 23 on the end face of the vertically fixed splicing module 21, wherein the sealing adhesive piece 23 can be sealing adhesive;
S3: transporting, namely horizontally placing the subsequent splicing modules 21 on a transport vehicle, enabling the width direction of the splicing modules 21 to be parallel to the central axis direction of the spliced modules 21, and enabling the transport vehicle to drive the horizontally placed splicing modules 21 to pass through the inner side of the splicing modules 21 vertically fixed in the groove 1 and enter the guide machine 3;
S4: the transport vehicle moves to the docking platform 4 and adjusts the angle and the position of the splicing module 21, so that the splicing module 21 rotates to the height direction to face away from the spliced splicing module 21, and the two side surfaces are respectively aligned with the two side surfaces of the spliced splicing module 21;
S5: the turnover machine 5 clamps the splicing module 21 and drives the splicing module 21 to lift upwards, meanwhile, the transport vehicle withdraws from the lower part of the splicing module 21 and drives out of the guiding machine 3, the splicing modules 21 are turned to a vertical state in the direction close to the spliced splicing modules 21 under the action of self gravity, the turnover machine 5 loosens the splicing modules 21, the splicing modules 21 are placed on rolling elements 7 paved on the bottom surface of the guiding machine 3, the hydraulic pushing device 8 pushes the splicing platforms 4 to limit the splicing platforms 4 to move in the direction away from the spliced splicing modules 21, and the extrusion hydraulic cylinders on the splicing platforms 4 push the splicing modules 21 to move towards the spliced modules 21 so as to enable the splicing modules 21 to be mutually pressed and abutted;
S6: the slurry is injected, and the slurry is injected to the outer bottom surface of the splice module 21 through the injection port 32.
Example 4
The difference from embodiment 1 is that, as shown in fig. 12 and 13, the port of the gas transmission channel 213 is provided with a joggle groove 24, after the splicing module 21 is spliced, the joggle groove 24 is inserted with a joggle member 25, the joggle member 25 includes a sub-tenon 251 and a female tenon 252, each of the sub-tenon 251 and the female tenon 252 is provided with a joggle surface 253, the joggle surface 253 is an inclined surface, one end of the sub-tenon 251 and the female tenon 252, which are far away from each other, is larger than the other end, and the sub-tenon 251 and the female tenon 252 form a tubular whole through interference fit of the joggle surfaces 253, so as to enhance the connection strength between the splicing modules 21. During installation, the sub-tenons 251 and the main tenons 252 are inserted into the adjacent mortice grooves 24 of the two splicing modules 21 respectively, so that the mortice surfaces 253 are aligned with each other, the splicing modules 21 are pushed to mutually abut against and splice, the mortice surfaces 253 of the sub-tenons 251 and the main tenons 252 are mutually extruded along the radial direction, the outer side surfaces of the sub-tenons 251 and the main tenons 252 are mutually extruded along the radial direction with the inner walls of the mortice grooves 24, the sub-tenons 251 and the main tenons 252 are prevented from being separated along the radial direction by the friction resistance along the axial direction between the mortice surfaces 253, the outer side surfaces of the sub-tenons 251 and the main tenons 252 and the mortice grooves 24, and the friction resistance between the sub-tenons 251 and the main tenons 252 is limited to be pulled out from the mortice grooves 24 along the axial direction, so that the connection strength of the splicing modules 21 along the axial direction of the gas transmission channels 213 is enhanced. And the cooperation between the sub tenon 251 and the female tenon 252 can guide and position the splicing modules 21, so that the cooperation accuracy between the splicing modules 21 is improved, and the cooperation error is reduced.
Example 5
The difference from embodiment 4 is that, as shown in fig. 14, a pair of positioning blocks 254 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the female tenon 252, when in installation, a clamping groove (not shown in the figure) is formed on the inner wall of the port of the ventilation pipe 213 of the mutually spliced splicing module 21, two ends of the female tenon 252 are respectively inserted into the two gas transmission channels 213 and the two positioning blocks 254 are respectively inserted into the two clamping grooves, after the splicing module 21 is spliced with each other, the sub-tenon 251 is inserted from the ventilation pipe 213, and the sub-tenon 251 is pushed by a rod-shaped tool, so that the matching surfaces of the sub-tenon 251 and the female tenon 252 are mutually pressed and abutted.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (8)
1. A construction method of a submarine tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps: the submarine tunnel comprises a trench (1) and a lining (2), wherein the lining (2) is formed by splicing modules (21) along the trench (1), and the splicing modules (21) are hollow tubular; the distance between the bottom surface and the top surface of the outer side of the splicing module (21) is smaller than the distance between the two side surfaces of the inner side of the splicing module (21);
the method comprises the following steps:
S1: digging a groove (1), digging the groove (1) on a sea bed surface and a land surface of a preset route by using a dredger, and conveying soil dug from the groove (1) to the splicing module (21) at the tail part of the guiding machine (3) through a conveying pipeline for backfilling;
s2: splicing the splicing modules (21) from the land, vertically fixing the first splicing module (21) in the groove (1), and fixing the first splicing module (21) on the land, namely inserting the splicing module (21) into the guiding machine (3) from the land for splicing operation, so that water can be prevented from entering the guiding machine (3) or the splicing module (21) due to direct underwater splicing;
S3: the method comprises the steps of transporting, horizontally placing a subsequent splicing module (21) on a transport vehicle, enabling the width direction of the splicing module (21) to be parallel to the central axis direction of the spliced module (21), driving the horizontally placed splicing module (21) to pass through the inner side of the splicing module (21) vertically fixed in the groove (1) and enter a guide machine (3), enabling the guide machine (3) to be hollow and tubular, enabling the upper surface of the front end of the guide machine (3) to be provided with an inclined surface, enabling the inclined surface to incline towards the direction close to the bottom surface of the groove (1) along the tunneling direction, enabling residual soil in the groove (1) to be ejected out of the groove (1) when the guide machine (3) advances along the groove (1), increasing the buoyancy difference between water received by the top and the bottom of the guide machine (3), preventing the guide machine (3) from floating, enabling the tail of the guide machine (3) to be opened, enabling the tail of the guide machine (3) to be fixedly connected with a shrinkage opening (33), and enabling a position to be spliced in the tunnel to be inserted into the guide machine (3) from the shrinkage opening (33);
S4: the transport vehicle moves to the docking platform (4) and adjusts the angle and the position of the splicing module (21), so that the splicing module (21) rotates to the direction of height to be far away from the spliced splicing module (21), and the two side surfaces are respectively aligned with the two side surfaces of the spliced splicing module (21);
S5: the overturning and leaning device comprises an overturning machine (5), wherein two groups of overturning machines (5) are arranged on two sides of a splicing module (21) to be spliced respectively, the overturning machine (5) can vertically lift, the splicing module (21) is clamped by the overturning machine (5) and drives the splicing module (21) to lift upwards, meanwhile, a transport vehicle withdraws from the lower part of the splicing module (21) and drives out of a guiding machine (3), a docking platform (4) withdraws from the lower part of the splicing module (21), the splicing module (21) overturns to a vertical state in the direction close to the spliced splicing module (21) under the action of self gravity, the overturning machine (5) loosens the splicing module (21), the splicing module (21) falls on a rolling piece (7) paved on the bottom surface of the guiding machine (3), a hydraulic pushing device (8) and a secondary pushing device (9) are arranged in the guiding machine (3), the hydraulic pushing device (8) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom surface of the guiding machine (3), and the secondary pushing device (9) is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the guiding machine (3); the hydraulic pushing device (8) pushes the splicing platform (4) to limit the movement of the splicing platform (4) in the direction away from the spliced modules (21) which are spliced, and an extrusion hydraulic cylinder on the splicing platform (4) pushes the spliced modules (21) to move towards the spliced modules (21) which are spliced so as to enable the spliced modules (21) to be mutually pressed and abutted;
S6: grouting material is sprayed to the bottom surface of the outer side of the splicing module (21) through a grouting opening (32); a stirrer (101) is arranged in the guiding machine (3), the stirrer is used for stirring and preparing concrete slurry, the guiding machine (3) is of a double-layer structure, a cavity (31) is arranged between the inner side and the outer layer, and the compression strength of the outer shell of the guiding machine (3) can be improved by adopting the double-layer structure; a grouting opening (32) is formed in the inner side surface of the bottom surface of the tail part of the splicing module (21), the grouting opening (32) is connected with the stirrer (101) through a pipeline, slurry prepared by the stirrer is sprayed between the bottom surface of the splicing module (21) and the bottom surface of the groove (1) through the grouting opening (32) by a slurry pump, and the splicing module (21) can be supported and fixed after the slurry is solidified;
One end face of the splicing module (21) is fixedly connected with a protrusion (211), and the other end face is provided with a circle of groove (212) for the protrusion (211) to be in plug-in fit.
2. The method for constructing a submarine tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the splicing module (21) is provided with a gas transmission channel (213), and two ports of the gas transmission channel (213) are respectively led to two end surfaces of the splicing module (21); after the two splicing modules (21) are mutually spliced, the ports of the gas transmission channels (213) can be mutually butted.
3. The method for constructing a submarine tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: joggle groove (24) have been seted up on the terminal surface of concatenation module (21), after concatenation module (21) splice each other, joggle groove (24) are aligned each other, have inserted joggle piece (25) in joggle groove (24), and joggle piece (25) split is divided into two parts, is equipped with each other interference fit's joggle face (253) between two parts joggle pieces (25) of split, and the outer side of joggle piece (25) has the extrusion effort along joggle groove (24) radial direction facing the inner wall of joggle groove (24).
4. The method for constructing a submarine tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the inner side of the splicing module (21) is horizontally and fixedly connected with a horizontal partition plate (216).
5. The method for constructing a submarine tunnel according to claim 4, wherein: and a vertical partition plate (217) is fixedly connected between the upper surface of the horizontal partition plate (216) and the inner wall of the splicing module (21).
6. The method for constructing a submarine tunnel according to claim 4, wherein: and a supporting plate (218) is fixedly connected between the lower surface of the partition plate and the inner wall of the splicing module (21).
7. The method for constructing a submarine tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the step S2 further includes a step P1: and a flexible cushion layer (22) is stuck on the end face of the vertically fixed splicing module (21).
8. The method for constructing a submarine tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the step S2 further includes step Q1: and brushing a sealing adhesive piece (23) on the end face of the vertically fixed splicing module (21).
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| CN212175862U (en) * | 2020-02-02 | 2020-12-18 | 李增军 | Shield tail brush and shield machine |
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