CN109096818B - Waterproof putty containing straw grass components for inner wall surface - Google Patents
Waterproof putty containing straw grass components for inner wall surface Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A waterproof putty for interior wall surfaces containing straw grass components belongs to the field of building materials and is prepared by mixing a base material and a waterproof additive accounting for 4-10% of the weight of the base material, wherein the base material is prepared by mixing talcum powder, coarse whiting, gray calcium, lignocellulose and straw grass components, and the waterproof additive is prepared by mixing composite powder, a binding agent and composite epoxy resin. The waterproof additive containing special components not only improves the waterproof performance and hardness of the putty powder, but also improves the bonding strength among the components in the putty powder so that the putty powder is not easy to fall off.
Description
The patent application of the invention is a divisional application with application number of 2017102604033, the original application date is 2017, 4 and 13, and the application numbers are as follows: 2017102604033, the name of invention creation is: a waterproof putty for inner wall surfaces.
Technical Field
The invention relates to putty powder used in the field of building materials, in particular to waterproof putty containing Chinese alpine rush components for an inner wall surface.
Background
The putty is also called putty powder, is a kind of building decoration material, is a base material for repairing and leveling wall surface, and lays a good foundation for next decoration (painting and wallpaper pasting). The putty for the outer wall is divided into an inner wall and an outer wall, and the putty for the outer wall has large adhesiveness, high strength and slightly low environmental protection index because the putty for the outer wall is resistant to wind, blow and sun. The interior wall putty has better comprehensive index, is healthy and environment-friendly, so the interior wall is not externally used, and the exterior wall is not internally used. The main components of the existing waterproof putty powder for interior walls are heavy calcium (or talcum powder), cement, cellulose and the like, but the waterproof performance of the existing waterproof putty powder is relatively common due to the problems of the formula, and in order to improve the waterproof performance of the existing putty powder, the use amount of adhesives such as cement, rubber powder and the like is generally increased, but the effect is not ideal in practice.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the waterproof putty containing the straw grass component for the inner wall surface, and the waterproof additive with special components is added in the formula of the conventional waterproof putty powder for the inner wall surface, so that the waterproof performance and hardness of the putty powder are improved, and the bonding strength among the components in the putty powder is improved, so that the putty powder is less prone to falling off.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the technical purpose is as follows: a waterproof putty for interior wall surfaces containing Chinese alpine rush components is prepared by mixing a base material and a waterproof additive accounting for 4-10 wt% of the base material according to the weight ratio, wherein the base material is prepared by mixing talcum powder, coarse whiting, ash calcium and lignocellulose according to the weight ratio of 24-28:12-18:14-16:2-3, the waterproof additive is prepared by mixing composite powder, a bonding agent accounting for 20-30 wt% of the composite powder and composite epoxy resin accounting for 10-15 wt% of the composite powder, the composite powder is mixed powder with silicon carbide, carbon powder and aluminum hydroxide according to the weight ratio of 5-6:2-3:1-2, the mixture is sintered for 4-5 hours at 1600 ℃, cooled and mixed with sepiolite wool accounting for 10-20 wt% of the silicon carbide, and the mixed powder with the particle size not more than 325 meshes is obtained through grinding; the binding agent is obtained by mixing alumina micro powder, modified nano-silica, polyethylene glycol and water according to the weight ratio of 9-11:5-7:20-24:30-36 and then evaporating the liquid to dryness at the temperature of 100-120 ℃; the modified nano-silica is commercially available nano-silica, benzoic acid, acetone and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 600-800: 4-5:2-3: 40; according to the weight ratio, the composite epoxy resin is prepared from 4 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 0.5 part of butylene epoxy resin, 0.5 part of glycerin epoxy resin, 2 parts of diisocyanate and 2 parts of modified silica sol, wherein the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding 2-3% of silica sol by weight, 0.8-1% of sodium acetate by weight and 3-4% of KH560 by weight into commercially available silica sol, and then stirring for 1-2 hours at 70-80 ℃; the base material is also added with a Chinese alpine rush component which is Chinese alpine rush pulp accounting for 6-8% of the weight of the Chinese alpine rush and Chinese alpine rush powder accounting for 0.5% of the weight of the Chinese alpine rush; the preparation method of the straw rain grass pulp and the straw rain grass powder comprises the following steps: cleaning and squeezing leaves and stems of tender grass virgo, obtaining grass carp cake and juice, evaporating the juice to dryness to obtain powder, namely grass virgo powder, soaking the grass virgo fungus cake in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 30% for 24-28h, taking out the grass virgo fungus cake, mixing the grass virgo.
The cooling and grinding of the composite powder after sintering refers to that the composite powder is rapidly cooled at the cooling rate of 600-plus-material/700 ℃/min and then mixed with sepiolite wool and ground into micro powder with the particle size not exceeding 325 meshes.
The binder also contains hydroxyethyl cellulose 1-1.2 times of the weight of the alumina micropowder and silica micropowder 20-30% of the weight of the alumina micropowder.
The base material contains modified diatomite with 6-10% of talcum powder by weight, and the preparation method of the modified diatomite comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing methyl methacrylate, ethyl cellulose and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 10:4:25 to form a mixed solution, mixing commercially available diatomite with the mixed solution with the weight of 7-8% of that of the diatomite, and performing ultrasonic treatment with the frequency of 250-270kHz for 2-3min to obtain the diatomite.
The base material contains 8-10% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose type putty glue powder by weight of talcum powder and 4-6% of modified starch by weight of talcum powder, the preparation method of the modified starch comprises the steps of adding the starch into water which is 3-5 times of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, then adding 8-10% of tin coupling agent by weight of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 4-5 by using sulfuric acid, adding 1-3% of eucommia bark extract by weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 60-65 ℃, preserving the heat for 2-3h, finally adding 4-5% of stearic acid by weight of the starch, uniformly stirring, and drying at the temperature of 100-; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by boiling eucommia ulmoides leaves in water for 20-30min, filtering solid residues, evaporating filtrate to dryness.
When the eucommia ulmoides extract is prepared, firstly, the eucommia ulmoides leaves are treated as follows:
1) cleaning folium Eucommiae with water, soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution for 2h, taking out, soaking in 35% sodium hydroxide solution for 20min, taking out, and washing with clear water;
wherein, after the eucommia leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, the solution is subjected to microwave treatment with the power of 400W for 2 min;
2) soaking the eucommia ulmoides leaves washed clean by the clean water in the step 1) in clean water with the weight 3-5 times of that of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, then adding cellulase with the weight 1% of that of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, standing for 3-4 hours, fishing out the eucommia ulmoides leaves, and then cleaning the eucommia ulmoides leaves by the clean water to finish the treatment of the eucommia ulmoides leaves.
The preparation method of the composite epoxy resin comprises the following steps:
1) preparing modified silica sol for later use;
the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding silica micropowder 2-3% of the weight of silica sol, sodium acetate 0.8-1% of the weight of silica sol and KH560 3-4% of the weight of silica sol into commercially available silica sol, and then stirring at 70-80 ℃ for 1-2 h;
2) weighing the components according to the proportion, melting the bisphenol A epoxy resin, sequentially adding the weighed butylene epoxy resin, the glycerol epoxy resin and the diisocyanate, stirring until the materials are completely melted, cooling to 60-70 ℃, adding the modified silica sol prepared in the step 1), and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite epoxy resin.
The preparation method of the waterproof putty for the inner wall surface comprises the steps of firstly respectively preparing composite powder, a binding agent and composite epoxy resin, mixing the composite powder, the binding agent and the composite epoxy resin according to a proportion to obtain a waterproof additive, then weighing talcum powder, heavy calcium, ash calcium, lignocellulose and the waterproof additive according to the proportion, then mixing the ash calcium, the lignocellulose and the waterproof additive, adding hot water which is 8-10 times of the total weight of the talcum powder, the heavy calcium, the ash calcium, the lignocellulose and the waterproof additive and has the temperature of 70-80 ℃, stirring the mixture for 10-20min, heating the mixture to evaporate the water until the water content is 40%, finally adding the talcum powder and the heavy calcium into the mixture.
In the invention, the putty powder also contains a pig manure extract accounting for 3-5% of the weight of the base material, and the preparation method of the pig manure extract comprises the following steps: sun-drying pig manure, grinding, mixing with water 8-10 times the weight of the pig manure, adding diethylhydroxylamine 3-4% of the weight of the pig manure, boiling for 5-10min under the condition of isolating air, cooling, filtering to obtain filtrate, and concentrating the filtrate to 10% of the original volume to obtain the pig manure extract;
the pig manure extract is prepared by taking pig manure as a raw material, mixing the pig manure with water, adding diethylhydroxylamine, and boiling under the condition of air isolation, wherein the diethylhydroxylamine can effectively eliminate odor in the pig manure while consuming dissolved oxygen in the water, and can retain organic oil contained in the pig manure after filtering, so that the pig manure extract is concentrated, and after the pig manure extract is added into putty powder, the pig manure extract can be fully combined with all components, and when the putty powder contains modified starch, an organic bonding system with the coexistence of the organic oil and the modified starch can be formed, so that the combination strength of all the components is ensured, and the strength and the waterproof performance of the putty powder are improved;
compared with the existing interior wall waterproof putty powder, the interior wall waterproof putty powder has the following beneficial effects:
1) the principle of the water resistance additive added in the invention for enhancing the water resistance of the putty powder is simply explained as follows:
firstly, silicon carbide, carbon powder and aluminum hydroxide can be decomposed or oxidized at high temperature to generate a large number of pores, and silicon oxide generated by the decomposition of the silicon carbide and aluminum oxide generated by the decomposition of the aluminum hydroxide are combined and reacted at high temperature to generate a mullite reinforcement, so that a composite powder material with high strength and high porosity is formed, and the mixed sepiolite wool powder is also a porous material with a microporous structure, so that the finally formed composite powder is mixed powder with a large number of microporous structures;
the binding agent is obtained by mixing alumina micro powder, modified nano-silica, polyethylene glycol and water and then evaporating the liquid to dryness at the temperature of 100 ℃ and 120 ℃, and in the evaporation process, the polyethylene glycol can be adhered to the surfaces of the alumina micro powder and the modified nano-silica, so that the surface properties of the two inorganic powders are changed to a certain extent, the two inorganic powders are more easily combined with the rest inorganic material components, and the combination strength among the components is enhanced;
the composite epoxy resin is prepared from three epoxy resins, diisocyanate and modified silica sol, has the characteristics of the three epoxy resins, and the-NCO group on the diisocyanate reacts with the epoxy group of the epoxy resin to generate oxazolidinone with a five-membered heterocyclic structure consisting of carbon, oxygen and nitrogen elements in the preparation process of the diisocyanate, so that the rigidity of a molecular chain is enhanced, the number of weak bonds and the number of hydroxyl groups on a main chain are reduced, the toughness, the thermal stability and the water resistance of the epoxy resin are improved, and the composite epoxy resin can be used as a strong adhesive to be combined with components in putty powder when added into the putty powder; meanwhile, the modified silica sol particles are added into the system, the combination of the modified silica sol particles and the modified silica sol particles can greatly improve the mechanical property and the thermal property of the epoxy resin, and the addition of the modified silica sol particles is beneficial to the mixing of components in the preparation process, the improvement of the tensile property of the product and the final interpenetration form of the product;
when the putty powder is prepared, when the composite powder is combined with a binding agent, a part of the alumina micro powder and the modified nano-silica can enter and fill the microporous structure in the composite powder, so that reinforced powder with extremely irregular appearance is formed, and in the putty powder, as time goes by, a part of the alumina micro powder and the modified nano-silica can slowly separate from the microporous structure and are combined with components such as ash calcium and the like in the putty powder, so that the strength of the putty powder reduced as time goes by is slowly compensated; in the preparation process of the putty powder, firstly, the gray calcium, the lignocellulose and the water-resistant additive are mixed, added with hot water and stirred, so that a part of the gray calcium is filled in a microporous structure or adhered to the surface, and the lignocellulose, the bonding agent and the composite epoxy resin are fully combined, thereby enhancing the bonding performance among the components in the putty powder and improving the waterproof performance to a certain extent;
2) the bonding agent in the water-resistant additive can also contain hydroxyethyl cellulose and silica powder, wherein after the hydroxyethyl cellulose is dissolved in water, a uniformly dispersed gel system can be formed in the water due to the surface activity of the hydroxyethyl cellulose, and a layer of protective colloid is formed on the surfaces of the silica powder, the alumina powder and the modified nano-silica, so that a layer of lubricating film is formed on the surfaces of the three kinds of powder, the bonding agent can be uniformly distributed in the putty powder, and the components of the putty powder are tightly combined, so that the anti-cracking performance, the hardness and the waterproof performance of the putty powder are further enhanced; the silica powder contained in the putty powder, cement and calcium oxide in the putty powder are mixed with water to generate an alkaline activator calcium hydroxide, and then gels such as calcium silicate hydrate are generated, so that the strength of the putty powder is improved, and the gelling components can promote the strength increase (especially the tensile strength increase) of the putty powder after construction;
3) in the bonding agent, the benzoic acid, the acetone and the KH560 are utilized to carry out surface treatment on the nano-silica, so that the surface of the nano-silica is acted by hydroxyl groups, and a certain number of oxygen-containing functional groups are combined, so that the surface compatibility is increased, and when the nano-silica is fully mixed with other raw materials, because the particles are very small and the specific surface area is large, the contact area between the other materials and the fine structure is increased, so that the nano-silica can be uniformly dispersed in the materials and is physically combined with the rest materials on the surface;
4) the modified diatomite can be additionally added into the base material, so that the modified diatomite can be better combined with the composite powder and the binding agent, the ultrasonic treatment adopted during the modification treatment of the diatomite can destroy the microporous structure of a part of the diatomite, so that the inner surface and the outer surface of the diatomite are contacted with the mixed solution formed by methyl methacrylate, ethyl cellulose and KH560 and are uniformly adhered to the inner surface and the outer surface of the diatomite, a large number of silicon hydroxyl groups are grafted on the inner surface and the outer surface, the two substances are connected with the modified nano-silica through chemical reactions by the groups, and good interface binding force is ensured between the two substances and the components such as the calcium carbonate and the talcum powder, so that the binding property of each component in the putty powder is improved, and the strength and the waterproof property of the putty powder are further enhanced;
5) according to the invention, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose type putty powder and modified starch can be added into the base material to enhance the bonding strength among the components, and researches show that when the starch is modified, eucommia ulmoides extract is added into the starch, the eucommia ulmoides extract contains eucommia ulmoides glycoside which has a plurality of polar functional groups and is active in property, and a dialdehyde structure similar to glutaraldehyde is generated under the action of a tin coupling agent and the starch, so that the generated modified starch can be more uniformly dispersed and distributed in the putty powder and can be combined with organic modified components contained in the composite powder, and the bonding strength and the waterproof performance of the putty powder are further enhanced;
6) when the eucommia ulmoides extract is extracted from the eucommia ulmoides leaves, the eucommia ulmoides leaves are soaked in a sodium chloride solution and a sodium hydroxide solution in sequence, and can damage cell walls on the surface layer to a certain degree, so that effective components in cells inside the eucommia ulmoides leaves can be separated out through cell membranes and cell walls more easily, the cellulose structure of the eucommia ulmoides leaves can be loosened, the effective components are subsequently subjected to enzymolysis by cellulase, and the effective components inside the eucommia ulmoides leaves can be effectively separated out; similarly, when the eucommia ulmoides leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution, the microwave is used for assisting, and lignin and pentosan contained in the eucommia ulmoides leaves cell walls can be effectively removed, so that the cell walls are damaged to a greater extent, effective components in cells can be conveniently separated out through the cell walls, and the extraction yield of the eucommia ulmoides glycosides is finally improved;
7) the Chinese alpinia auriculata thunb pulp and the Chinese alpinia auriculata thunb powder can be added into the putty powder, Chinese alpinia auriculata thunb cake obtained by squeezing the Chinese alpinia auriculata thunb is treated with sodium hydroxide, the original cellulose can be changed into a fluffy state from a compact state, the Chinese alpinia auriculata thunb pulp can be better combined with water and other components, a part of cellulose is treated by the sodium hydroxide to form a large amount of alkali-treated cellulose, the alkali-treated cellulose, calcium oxide (calcium hydroxide) and glass fiber form the Chinese alpinia auriculata thunb pulp, diatomite, composite powder, calcium carbonate, talcum powder and the like can be tightly combined, so that the anti-cracking performance and the waterproof performance of the putty powder are further enhanced, the cementation performance of the putty powder can be improved, and the addition of the Chinese alpinia auriculata thunb powder can also play a certain auxiliary cementation role;
8) the putty layer formed after construction has high surface hardness, good waterproof and air permeability
After the putty layer is constructed on a wall surface, certain small particle components can permeate into the wall surface to further generate an expansion crystallization reaction, crystals with expanded volume are generated by the reaction and filled into substrate microcracks and sand holes, and the formed putty layer has high surface hardness, strong abrasion resistance and strong washing capacity, and can be washed for a long time without peeling, foaming and falling off; the formed putty layer not only has stable performance, can prolong the service life of the decorative surface layer, but also has good air permeability, can be waterproof and perspired like human skin, and can evaporate and discharge water in the matrix while preventing water from permeating;
9) has wide application
The putty powder can generate a series of physical and chemical reactions when being mixed with water and constructed on a wall surface, and forms molecular chain type combination after the reaction, can be widely applied to decoration of the surfaces of base materials such as concrete, wall bricks, ceramic tiles, even glass and the like, is suitable for decoration of indoor and outdoor wall surfaces of houses, entertainment places, hotels, markets, hospitals, schools, kindergartens and other places, particularly forms a putty layer with waterproof and breathable functions, and is more suitable for decoration of inner and outer walls of underground garages and regions with large coastal moisture.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A waterproof putty for interior wall surfaces containing Chinese alpine rush components is prepared by mixing a base material and a waterproof additive accounting for 4% of the weight of the base material according to the weight ratio, wherein the base material is prepared by mixing talcum powder, coarse whiting, gray calcium and lignocellulose according to the weight ratio of 24:12:14:2, the waterproof additive is prepared by mixing composite powder, a bonding agent accounting for 20% of the weight of the composite powder and composite epoxy resin accounting for 10% of the weight of the composite powder, the composite powder is prepared by mixing silicon carbide, carbon powder and aluminum hydroxide according to the weight ratio of 5:2:1, sintering the mixture for 4 hours at 1600 ℃, cooling the mixture, mixing the mixture with sepiolite wool accounting for 10% of the weight of the silicon carbide, and grinding the mixture to obtain a mixed powder with the particle size not more than 325 meshes; the binding agent is obtained by mixing alumina micro powder, modified nano-silica, polyethylene glycol and water according to the weight ratio of 9:5:20:30 and then evaporating the liquid to dryness at the temperature of 100 ℃; the modified nano-silica is prepared by mixing commercially available nano-silica, benzoic acid, acetone and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 600:4:2: 40; according to the weight ratio, the composite epoxy resin is prepared from 4 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 0.5 part of butylene epoxy resin, 0.5 part of glycerin epoxy resin, 2 parts of diisocyanate and 2 parts of modified silica sol, wherein the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding 2% of silica powder by weight of silica sol, 0.8% of sodium acetate by weight of silica sol and 3% of KH560 by weight of silica sol into commercially available silica sol, and then stirring for 1 hour at 70 ℃; the base material is also added with a Chinese alpine rush component which is Chinese alpine rush pulp accounting for 6 percent of the weight of the gray calcium and Chinese alpine rush powder accounting for 0.5 percent of the weight of the gray calcium; the preparation method of the straw rain grass pulp and the straw rain grass powder comprises the following steps: cleaning and squeezing leaves and stems of tender grass virgo to obtain grass carp cake and juice, evaporating the juice to obtain powder, namely grass virgo powder, soaking the grass virgo fungus cake in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 30% for 24 hours, taking out the grass virgo fungus cake, mixing the grass virgo.
The above is the basic implementation manner of the present embodiment, and further improvements, optimizations, and limitations can be made on the basis of the above:
for example, the cooling and grinding of the composite powder after sintering refers to that the composite powder is rapidly cooled at a cooling rate of 600 ℃/min and then mixed with sepiolite wool and ground into micro powder with the particle size not exceeding 325 meshes;
for another example, hydroxyethyl cellulose with the weight 1 time of that of the alumina micropowder and silica micropowder with the weight 20 percent of that of the alumina micropowder can also be added into the bonding agent;
for another example, modified diatomite with 6% of the weight of the talcum powder can be added into the base material, and the preparation method of the modified diatomite comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing methyl methacrylate, ethyl cellulose and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 10:4:25 to form a mixed solution, mixing commercially available diatomite with the mixed solution with the weight of 7% of that of the diatomite, and treating the mixture with ultrasonic waves with the frequency of 250kHz for 2min to obtain the diatomite-containing composite material;
for another example, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose type putty glue powder accounting for 8 percent of the weight of the talcum powder and modified starch accounting for 4 percent of the weight of the talcum powder can also be added into the base material, the preparation method of the modified starch comprises the steps of adding the starch into water accounting for 3 times of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, then adding a tin coupling agent accounting for 8 percent of the weight of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 4 by using sulfuric acid, then adding an eucommia ulmoides extract accounting for 1 percent of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 60 ℃, preserving the temperature for 2 hours, finally adding stearic acid accounting for 4 percent of the weight of the starch, uniformly stirring, and drying at 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by evaporating filtrate obtained by filtering solid residues after the eucommia ulmoides leaves are boiled in water for 20 min;
further, during the preparation of the eucommia ulmoides extract, firstly, the eucommia ulmoides leaves are treated as follows:
1) cleaning folium Eucommiae with water, soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution for 2h, taking out, soaking in 35% sodium hydroxide solution for 20min, taking out, and washing with clear water;
wherein, after the eucommia leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, the solution is subjected to microwave treatment with the power of 400W for 2 min;
2) soaking the eucommia ulmoides leaves washed clean by the clean water in the step 1) in clean water with the weight 3 times that of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, then adding cellulase with the weight 1% of the weight of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, standing for 3 hours, taking out the eucommia ulmoides leaves, and then cleaning the eucommia ulmoides leaves by the clean water to finish the treatment of the eucommia ulmoides leaves;
as another example, the preparation method of the composite epoxy resin comprises the following steps:
1) preparing modified silica sol for later use;
the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding silica micropowder 2% of the weight of silica sol, sodium acetate 0.8% of the weight of silica sol and KH560 3% of the weight of silica sol into commercially available silica sol and then stirring for 1h at 70 ℃;
2) weighing the components according to the proportion, melting the bisphenol A epoxy resin, sequentially adding the weighed butylene epoxy resin, the glycerol epoxy resin and the diisocyanate, stirring until the materials are completely melted, cooling to 60 ℃, adding the modified silica sol prepared in the step 1), and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite epoxy resin.
Example 2
A waterproof putty for interior wall surfaces containing Chinese alpine rush components is prepared by mixing a base material and 10 wt% of a waterproof additive according to a weight ratio, wherein the base material is prepared by mixing talcum powder, coarse whiting, gray calcium and lignocellulose according to a weight ratio of 28:18:16:3, the waterproof additive is prepared by mixing composite powder, a bonding agent accounting for 30 wt% of the composite powder and composite epoxy resin accounting for 15 wt% of the composite powder, the composite powder is prepared by mixing silicon carbide, carbon powder and aluminum hydroxide according to a weight ratio of 6:3:2, sintering the mixture for 5 hours at 1600 ℃, cooling the mixture, mixing the mixture with sepiolite wool accounting for 20 wt% of the silicon carbide, and grinding the mixture to obtain a mixed powder with a particle size not more than 325 meshes; the binding agent is obtained by mixing alumina micro powder, modified nano-silica, polyethylene glycol and water according to the weight ratio of 11:7:24:36 and then evaporating the liquid to dryness at 120 ℃; the modified nano-silica is prepared by mixing commercially available nano-silica, benzoic acid, acetone and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 800:5:3: 40; according to the weight ratio, the composite epoxy resin is prepared from 4 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 0.5 part of butylene epoxy resin, 0.5 part of glycerin epoxy resin, 2 parts of diisocyanate and 2 parts of modified silica sol, wherein the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding silica micropowder accounting for 3% of the weight of the silica sol, sodium acetate accounting for 1% of the weight of the silica sol and KH560 accounting for 4% of the weight of the silica sol into commercially available silica sol, and then stirring for 2 hours at 80 ℃; the base material is also added with a Chinese alpine rush component which is Chinese alpine rush pulp accounting for 8 percent of the weight of the gray calcium and Chinese alpine rush powder accounting for 0.5 percent of the weight of the gray calcium; the preparation method of the straw rain grass pulp and the straw rain grass powder comprises the following steps: cleaning and squeezing leaves and stems of tender grass virgo to obtain grass carp cake and juice, evaporating the juice to obtain powder, namely grass virgo powder, soaking the grass virgo fungus cake in 30% sodium hydroxide solution for 28 hours, taking out the grass virgo fungus cake, mixing the grass virgo fungus cake.
The above is the basic implementation manner of the present embodiment, and further improvements, optimizations, and limitations can be made on the basis of the above:
for example, the cooling and grinding of the composite powder after sintering refers to that the composite powder is rapidly cooled at a cooling rate of 700 ℃/min and then mixed with sepiolite wool and ground into micro powder with the particle size not exceeding 325 meshes;
for another example, hydroxyethyl cellulose with the weight 1.2 times of that of the alumina micropowder and silica micropowder with the weight 30 percent of that of the alumina micropowder can also be added into the bonding agent;
for another example, modified diatomite with 10% of the weight of the talcum powder can be added into the base material, and the preparation method of the modified diatomite comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing methyl methacrylate, ethyl cellulose and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 10:4:25 to form a mixed solution, mixing commercially available diatomite with 8% of the mixed solution by weight, and treating with ultrasonic waves with the frequency of 270kHz for 3min to obtain the product;
for another example, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose type putty glue powder accounting for 10 percent of the weight of the talcum powder and modified starch accounting for 6 percent of the weight of the talcum powder can also be added into the base material, the preparation method of the modified starch comprises the steps of adding the starch into water accounting for 5 times of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, then adding a tin coupling agent accounting for 10 percent of the weight of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 5 by using sulfuric acid, then adding an eucommia ulmoides extract accounting for 3 percent of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 65 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 3 hours, finally adding stearic acid accounting for 5 percent of the weight of the starch, uniformly stirring, and drying at the temperature of 110 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by boiling eucommia ulmoides leaves in water for 30min, filtering solid residues, evaporating filtrate to dryness;
further, during the preparation of the eucommia ulmoides extract, firstly, the eucommia ulmoides leaves are treated as follows:
1) cleaning folium Eucommiae with water, soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution for 2h, taking out, soaking in 35% sodium hydroxide solution for 20min, taking out, and washing with clear water;
wherein, after the eucommia leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, the solution is subjected to microwave treatment with the power of 400W for 2 min;
2) soaking the eucommia ulmoides leaves washed clean by the clean water in the step 1) in clean water which is 5 times of the weight of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, then adding cellulase which is 1% of the weight of the eucommia ulmoides leaves into the eucommia ulmoides leaves, standing the eucommia ulmoides leaves for 4 hours, fishing out the eucommia ulmoides leaves, and then cleaning the eucommia ulmoides leaves by the clean water to finish the treatment of the eucommia ulmoides leaves;
as another example, the preparation method of the composite epoxy resin comprises the following steps:
1) preparing modified silica sol for later use;
the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding silica micropowder 3% of the weight of silica sol, sodium acetate 1% of the weight of silica sol and KH560 4% of the weight of silica sol into commercially available silica sol and then stirring for 2 hours at 80 ℃;
2) weighing the components according to the proportion, melting the bisphenol A epoxy resin, sequentially adding the weighed butylene epoxy resin, the glycerol epoxy resin and the diisocyanate, stirring until the materials are completely melted, cooling to 70 ℃, adding the modified silica sol prepared in the step 1), and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite epoxy resin.
Example 3
A waterproof putty for interior wall surfaces containing Chinese alpine rush components is prepared by mixing a base material and a waterproof additive accounting for 7 wt% of the base material according to a weight ratio, wherein the base material is prepared by mixing talcum powder, coarse whiting, gray calcium and lignocellulose according to a weight ratio of 26:15:15:2.5, the waterproof additive is prepared by mixing composite powder, a bonding agent accounting for 25 wt% of the composite powder and composite epoxy resin accounting for 12.5 wt% of the composite powder, the composite powder is prepared by mixing silicon carbide, carbon powder and aluminum hydroxide according to a weight ratio of 5.5:2.5:1.5, sintering the mixture for 4.5 hours at 1600 ℃, cooling the mixture, mixing the mixture with sepiolite wool accounting for 15 wt% of the silicon carbide, and grinding the mixture to obtain a mixed powder with a particle size not more than 325 meshes; the binding agent is obtained by mixing alumina micro powder, modified nano-silica, polyethylene glycol and water according to the weight ratio of 10:6:22:33 and then evaporating the liquid to dryness at the temperature of 110 ℃; the modified nano-silica is prepared by mixing commercially available nano-silica, benzoic acid, acetone and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 700:4.5:2.5: 40; according to the weight ratio, the composite epoxy resin is prepared from 4 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 0.5 part of butylene epoxy resin, 0.5 part of glycerin epoxy resin, 2 parts of diisocyanate and 2 parts of modified silica sol, wherein the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding 2.5% of silica powder by weight, 0.9% of sodium acetate by weight and 3.5% of KH560 by weight into commercially available silica sol, and then stirring at 75 ℃ for 1.5 hours; the base material is also added with a Chinese alpine rush component which is Chinese alpine rush pulp accounting for 7 percent of the weight of the Chinese alpine rush and Chinese alpine rush powder accounting for 0.5 percent of the weight of the Chinese alpine rush; the preparation method of the straw rain grass pulp and the straw rain grass powder comprises the following steps: cleaning and squeezing leaves and stems of tender Chinese alpine rush to obtain Chinese alpine rush cake and juice, evaporating the juice to obtain powder, namely Chinese alpine rush powder, soaking the Chinese alpine rush cake in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 30% for 26h, taking out the Chinese alpine rush cake, mixing the Chinese alpine rush cake with water which is 3.5 times of the weight of the Chinese alpine rush cake, calcium oxide which is 60% of the weight of the Chinese alpine rush cake and glass fiber which is 40% of the weight of the Chinese alpine rush cake, and grinding the mixture to obtain Chinese alpine rush pulp.
The above is the basic implementation manner of the present embodiment, and further improvements, optimizations, and limitations can be made on the basis of the above:
for example, the cooling and grinding of the composite powder after sintering refers to that the composite powder is rapidly cooled at a cooling rate of 650 ℃/min and then mixed with sepiolite wool and ground into micro powder with the particle size not exceeding 325 meshes;
for another example, hydroxyethyl cellulose with the weight 1.1 times of that of the alumina micropowder and silica micropowder with the weight 25 percent of that of the alumina micropowder can also be added into the bonding agent;
for another example, modified diatomite 8% of the weight of the talcum powder can be added into the base material, and the preparation method of the modified diatomite comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing methyl methacrylate, ethyl cellulose and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 10:4:25 to form a mixed solution, mixing commercially available diatomite with the mixed solution with the weight of 7.5% of that of the diatomite, and treating the mixture for 2.5min by using ultrasonic waves with the frequency of 260kHz to obtain the diatomite-containing composite material;
for another example, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose type putty glue powder accounting for 9 percent of the weight of the talcum powder and modified starch accounting for 5 percent of the weight of the talcum powder can also be added into the base material, the modified starch is prepared by adding the starch into water accounting for 4 times of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, then adding a tin coupling agent accounting for 9 percent of the weight of the starch, adjusting the pH value to 4.5 by using sulfuric acid, then adding an eucommia ulmoides extract accounting for 2 percent of the weight of the starch, uniformly mixing, adjusting the temperature to 63 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2.5 hours, finally adding stearic acid accounting for 4.5 percent of the weight of the starch, uniformly stirring, and drying at 105 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified starch; the eucommia ulmoides extract is powder obtained by boiling eucommia ulmoides leaves in water for 25min, filtering solid residues, evaporating filtrate to dryness;
further, during the preparation of the eucommia ulmoides extract, firstly, the eucommia ulmoides leaves are treated as follows:
1) cleaning folium Eucommiae with water, soaking in 30% sodium chloride solution for 2h, taking out, soaking in 35% sodium hydroxide solution for 20min, taking out, and washing with clear water;
wherein, after the eucommia leaves are soaked in a sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, the solution is subjected to microwave treatment with the power of 400W for 2 min;
2) soaking the eucommia ulmoides leaves washed clean by the clean water in the step 1) in clean water 4 times of the weight of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, then adding cellulase 1% of the weight of the eucommia ulmoides leaves, standing for 3.5 hours, fishing out the eucommia ulmoides leaves, and then cleaning the eucommia ulmoides leaves by the clean water to finish the treatment of the eucommia ulmoides leaves;
as another example, the preparation method of the composite epoxy resin comprises the following steps:
1) preparing modified silica sol for later use;
the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding silica micropowder 2.5% of the weight of silica sol, sodium acetate 0.9% of the weight of silica sol and KH560 3.5% of the weight of silica sol into commercially available silica sol, and then stirring for 1.5h at 75 ℃;
2) weighing the components according to the proportion, melting the bisphenol A epoxy resin, sequentially adding the weighed butylene epoxy resin, the glycerol epoxy resin and the diisocyanate, stirring until the materials are completely melted, cooling to 65 ℃, adding the modified silica sol prepared in the step 1), and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite epoxy resin.
Water resistance test
The test is carried out according to the water resistance specified in 6.11 th of the putty for indoor use in the construction industry standard JG/T298-2010 of the people's republic of China:
soaking in three-stage water specified in GB/T6682 according to the specification of GB/T1733, taking out and observing whether foaming and cracking exist, after drying for 24h under the test environment specified in the standard 6.2, slightly wiping fingers to observe whether obvious powder dropping exists, and if two test panels in three test panels do not find foaming and cracking and no obvious powder dropping exists after hand wiping, considering that the test panels have no foaming, cracking and obvious powder dropping:
first, samples were prepared with the following formulations, respectively, and five samples were prepared for each formulation, the formulations of the samples being as follows:
formula 1: the putty is prepared by mixing 26 parts of talcum powder, 15 parts of heavy calcium, 15 parts of ash calcium and 3 parts of lignocellulose according to the weight ratio;
and (2) formula: the putty is formed by mixing a base material and a water-resistant additive accounting for 7% of the weight of the base material, wherein the base material consists of 26 parts of talcum powder, 15 parts of heavy calcium, 15 parts of ash calcium and 3 parts of lignocellulose according to the weight ratio, the water-resistant additive composite powder, a bonding agent accounting for 25% of the weight of the composite powder and a composite epoxy resin accounting for 15% of the weight of the composite powder are mixed according to the weight ratio of 5:2:1, the composite powder is mixed by silicon carbide, carbon powder and aluminum hydroxide according to the weight ratio of 5:2:1, the mixture is sintered for 4 hours at 1600 ℃, cooled, mixed with sepiolite wool accounting for 10% of the weight of the silicon carbide and ground to obtain mixed powder with the particle size; the binding agent is obtained by mixing alumina micro powder, modified nano-silica, polyethylene glycol and water according to the weight ratio of 9:5:22:34 and then evaporating the liquid to dryness at the temperature of 110 ℃; the composite epoxy resin is prepared from 4 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 0.5 part of butylene epoxy resin, 0.5 part of glycerin epoxy resin, 2 parts of diisocyanate and 2 parts of modified silica sol;
and (3) formula: on the basis of the formula 2, hydroxyethyl cellulose accounting for 1.2 times of the weight of the alumina micropowder and silica micropowder accounting for 30 percent of the weight of the alumina micropowder are additionally added into the bonding agent;
and (4) formula: on the basis of the formula 2, modified diatomite with 8 percent of the weight of talcum powder is additionally added into the base material, and the preparation method of the modified diatomite comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing methyl methacrylate, ethyl cellulose and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 10:4:25 to form a mixed solution, mixing commercially available diatomite with the mixed solution with the weight of 7% of that of the diatomite, and treating the mixture for 3min by using ultrasonic waves with the frequency of 250KHz to obtain the diatomite-containing composite material;
and (5) formula: on the basis of the formula 2, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose type putty glue powder with the weight of 10 percent of talcum powder and modified starch with the weight of 6 percent of talcum powder are additionally added into the base material, and the preparation method of the modified starch is shown as the example 1;
and (6) formula: on the basis of the formula 2, straw rain grass pulp accounting for 8% of the weight of the gray calcium and straw rain grass powder accounting for 0.5% of the weight of the gray calcium are additionally added into the base material; the preparation methods of the straw rain grass pulp and the straw rain grass powder are shown in example 1;
soaking in three-level water specified in GB/T1733, taking out, observing whether foaming and cracking exist, after drying for 24h under the test environment specified in the standard 6.2, slightly wiping fingers to observe whether obvious powder falls, and considering that the powder does not exist when two test panels in three test panels do not have foaming and cracking and the powder does not fall obviously after hand wiping;
and (3) test results:
formula 1: when the sample is soaked for about 42 hours, a group of samples in the formula 1 begin to generate bubbles, when the soaking time is about 52 hours, the three groups of samples generate bubbles, and when the sample is continuously soaked for about 58 hours, all the samples generate bubbles;
and (2) formula: when the sample is soaked for about 51 hours, the formula 2 begins to generate bubbles, when the soaking time is about 65 hours, three groups of samples generate bubbles, and when the sample is continuously soaked for about 77 hours, all the samples generate bubbles;
and (3) formula: when the sample is soaked for about 53 hours, the formula 3 begins to generate bubbles, when the soaking time is about 76 hours, three groups of samples generate bubbles, and when the sample is continuously soaked for about 85 hours, all the samples generate bubbles;
and (4) formula: when the sample is soaked for 49 hours, one group of samples in the formula 4 begin to generate bubbles, when the soaking time is 72 hours, the three groups of samples generate bubbles, and when the sample is continuously soaked for 81 hours, all the samples generate bubbles;
and (5) formula: when the sample is soaked for 57 hours, one group of samples of the formula 5 begin to generate bubbles, when the soaking time is 68 hours, the three groups of samples generate bubbles, and when the soaking time is continued to 77 hours, all the samples generate bubbles;
and (6) formula: when the sample is soaked for 55 hours, one group of samples in the formula 6 begin to generate bubbles, when the soaking time is 71 hours, the three groups of samples generate bubbles, and when the sample is continuously soaked for 89 hours, all the samples generate bubbles;
from the experimental results, the water resistance of the putty powder can be obviously improved after the water-resistant additive is added (the soaking time of the formula 2 is far longer than that of the formula 1), and the hydroxyethyl cellulose and the silica powder are additionally added into the bonding agent, so that the water resistance of the bonding agent can be further enhanced (the soaking time of the formula 3 is longer than that of the formula 1 and the formula 2), the modified diatomite is added into the base material, so that the water resistance of the putty powder can be improved to a certain degree (the soaking time of the formula 4 is longer than that of the formula 1 and the formula 2), the water resistance of the putty powder can also be improved by adding the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose type putty powder and the modified starch into the base material (the soaking time of the formula 5 is longer than that of the formula 1 and the formula 2), and finally, the addition of the auricularia auriculata pulp and the auricularia auriculata powder into the base material can also improve the water resistance of the putty powder (the soaking time of the formula 6 is longer than that of the formula 1 and the formula 2).
Claims (3)
1. A waterproof putty for interior wall surfaces containing Chinese alpine rush components is prepared by mixing base materials and a waterproof additive accounting for 4-10% of the weight of the base materials according to the weight ratio, wherein the base materials are prepared by mixing talcum powder, coarse whiting, gray calcium and lignocellulose in a weight ratio of 24-28:12-18:14-16:2-3, and the putty is characterized in that: the water-resistant additive is formed by mixing composite powder, 20-30% of a binding agent and 10-15% of composite epoxy resin, wherein the composite powder is mixed by silicon carbide, carbon powder and aluminum hydroxide according to the weight ratio of 5-6:2-3:1-2, sintered for 4-5h at 1600 ℃, cooled, mixed with sepiolite wool accounting for 10-20% of the weight of the silicon carbide and ground to obtain mixed powder with the particle size not exceeding 325 meshes; the binding agent is obtained by mixing alumina micro powder, modified nano-silica, polyethylene glycol and water according to the weight ratio of 9-11:5-7:20-24:30-36 and then evaporating the liquid to dryness at the temperature of 100-120 ℃; the modified nano-silica is commercially available nano-silica, benzoic acid, acetone and KH560 according to the weight ratio of 600-800: 4-5:2-3: 40; according to the weight ratio, the composite epoxy resin is prepared from 4 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 0.5 part of butylene epoxy resin, 0.5 part of glycerin epoxy resin, 2 parts of diisocyanate and 2 parts of modified silica sol, wherein the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding 2-3% of silica sol by weight, 0.8-1% of sodium acetate by weight and 3-4% of KH560 by weight into commercially available silica sol, and then stirring for 1-2 hours at 70-80 ℃; the base material is also added with a Chinese alpine rush component which is Chinese alpine rush pulp accounting for 6-8% of the weight of the Chinese alpine rush and Chinese alpine rush powder accounting for 0.5% of the weight of the Chinese alpine rush; the preparation method of the straw rain grass pulp and the straw rain grass powder comprises the following steps: cleaning and squeezing leaves and stems of tender grass virgo, obtaining grass carp cake and juice, evaporating the juice to dryness to obtain powder, namely grass virgo powder, soaking the grass virgo fungus cake in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 30% for 24-28h, taking out the grass virgo fungus cake, mixing the grass virgo.
2. The waterproof putty for interior wall surfaces containing straw grass components as claimed in claim 1, which comprises: the cooling and grinding of the composite powder after sintering refers to that the composite powder is rapidly cooled at the cooling rate of 600-plus-material 700 ℃/min and then mixed with sepiolite wool for grinding until the particle size is not more than 325 meshes of micro powder.
3. The waterproof putty for interior wall surfaces containing straw grass components as claimed in claim 1, which comprises: the preparation method of the composite epoxy resin comprises the following steps:
1) preparing modified silica sol for later use;
the modified silica sol is a mixture obtained by sequentially adding silica micropowder 2-3% of the weight of silica sol, sodium acetate 0.8-1% of the weight of silica sol and KH560 3-4% of the weight of silica sol into commercially available silica sol, and then stirring at 70-80 ℃ for 1-2 h;
2) weighing the components according to the proportion of claim 1, melting the bisphenol A epoxy resin, sequentially adding the weighed butylene epoxy resin, the glycerol epoxy resin and the diisocyanate, stirring until the materials are completely melted, cooling to 60-70 ℃, adding the modified silica sol prepared in the step 1), and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite epoxy resin.
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| CN109266108A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2019-01-25 | 山东天汇防水股份有限公司 | A kind of inner wall of building water-proof heat-insulating paint and its manufacturing method applied to indoor environment |
| CN110079195A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-02 | 上海瀚岱化学有限公司 | A kind of aqueous epoxy resins composition and its application |
| CN111347507A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-30 | 柳州唐辰木业有限公司 | Waterproof wooden packing box material modified by nano diatomite |
| CN111849237A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-10-30 | 广东博智林机器人有限公司 | Putty material and using method thereof |
| CN112250350A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-22 | 余明芳 | Preparation method of diatom ooze wall panel capable of self-cleaning and decontaminating |
| CN113337151A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-09-03 | 广东粤冠建材有限公司 | Waterproof putty with modified attapulgite for inner wall surface |
| CN113667346A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-11-19 | 江苏雄鹰建材科技有限公司 | Flexible mildew-proof water-resistant putty powder and preparation process thereof |
| CN113831690B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2023-08-22 | 东莞市珍和树脂科技有限公司 | Epoxy resin-based composition, preparation method thereof and putty powder |
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| CN106987168B (en) | 2019-05-28 |
| CN109054492A (en) | 2018-12-21 |
| CN109082154A (en) | 2018-12-25 |
| CN106987168A (en) | 2017-07-28 |
| CN109096818A (en) | 2018-12-28 |
| CN109161245A (en) | 2019-01-08 |
| CN109054492B (en) | 2020-11-27 |
| CN109161245B (en) | 2021-01-22 |
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