CN109094293B - Rolled steel integral wheel for railway vehicle and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Rolled steel integral wheel for railway vehicle and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109094293B CN109094293B CN201810718424.XA CN201810718424A CN109094293B CN 109094293 B CN109094293 B CN 109094293B CN 201810718424 A CN201810718424 A CN 201810718424A CN 109094293 B CN109094293 B CN 109094293B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001327 Rimmed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000519995 Stachys sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B17/00—Wheels characterised by rail-engaging elements
- B60B17/0006—Construction of wheel bodies, e.g. disc wheels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/34—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tyres; for rims
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a steel grinding integral wheel for a railway vehicle and a preparation process thereof. In the process of preparing the wheel, waste steel and pure molten iron are mixed and refined, inert gas is introduced for deoxidation and desulfurization in the refining process, deoxidizing agents of manganese, aluminum and ferroalloy are used for deoxidation again, and finally the refining agent is used for refining, so that the obtained refined molten steel meets the precision requirement of the railway wheel, the cost can be reduced, the waste steel is recycled, and the problem of high cost caused by the use of purer raw materials in the existing railway wheel preparation process is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rail cars, and relates to a rolled steel integral wheel for a rail car and a preparation process thereof.
Background
The wheel-band wheel is composed of a wheel band, a wheel core and a retaining ring, and the safety is poor. The machining process is complex, the requirements on the machining and assembling processes are high, the machining cost, the economic cost and the safe use are not as good as those of the integral wheel, meanwhile, higher requirements on the machining precision and the quality balance of the wheel are provided, the wheel rim and the wheel core are connected and fixed through the retaining ring, the retaining ring is damaged in the long-term use process, the wheel rim and the wheel core can be separated, accidents are further caused, and therefore higher requirements on the quality and the precision of the retaining ring are provided.
Meanwhile, in order to pursue high precision and high quality of the existing railway wheel, the existing railway wheel is generally processed by using purer raw materials, and the cost is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The wheel is manufactured by integrally forming a wheel core and a wheel rim, a retaining ring is not needed for fixing and assembling, the cost is reduced, the wheel core and the wheel rim cannot be separated in the long-term use process, the safety performance of the wheel is improved, and the problems that the wheel core and the wheel rim are fixed through the retaining ring in the conventional wheel, the processing technology is complex, the transfer requirement is high, and meanwhile the safety performance of the wheel is affected by the quality of the retaining ring are solved.
In the process of preparing the wheel, waste steel and pure molten iron are mixed and refined, inert gas is introduced for deoxidation and desulfurization in the refining process, deoxidizing agents of manganese, aluminum and ferroalloy are used for deoxidation again, and finally the refining agent is used for refining, so that the obtained refined molten steel meets the precision requirement of the railway wheel, the cost can be reduced, the waste steel is recycled, and the problem of high cost caused by the use of purer raw materials in the existing railway wheel preparation process is solved.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a steel grinding integral wheel for a railway vehicle comprises a wheel core and a wheel rim integrally formed with the wheel core, wherein the wheel core comprises an auxiliary plate and a wheel rim integrally connected and fixed on one end face of the auxiliary plate, and the wheel rim is integrally sleeved and fixed on the outer surface of the side wall of the wheel rim;
the outer surface of the side wall at the bottom end of the tire is integrally connected and fixed with a tread, the tread adopts an LM abrasion type tread, the tread comprises a bottom contact surface which is in the same plane with the bottom of the tire, the bottom contact surface is bent to form a curved surface, the top of the curved surface is integrally connected with the outer surface of the side wall of the tire, and meanwhile, the included angle between the tangent line of the curved surface and the vertical direction is 68 degrees;
the surface week side of subplate is equipped with a plurality of subplate holes, can reduce the quality of wheel through setting up the subplate hole, and the subplate slope sets up simultaneously.
Further, the difference between the diameter of the sub-plate and the outer diameter of the rim is equal to 4.4 times the tread width.
A preparation process of a rolled steel integral wheel for a railway vehicle comprises the following specific preparation processes:
firstly, smelting a certain amount of pure iron blocks in an electric furnace to form molten iron;
secondly, adding the molten iron obtained in the first step and the waste steel materials into a converter, smelting at 1650 ℃ for 3-4h, continuously blowing argon gas into the converter through the bottom of the converter during the smelting process, wherein the content of sulfur in the molten steel obtained after primary smelting is less than or equal to 0.05% of the weight of the molten steel;
thirdly, keeping the temperature unchanged, adding manganese, aluminum and ferroalloy into the primary molten steel, removing oxygen in the primary molten steel after refining for 15min, and simultaneously adding a composite refining agent into a converter for refining for 30 min;
step four, discharging the refined molten steel obtained in the step four, adding the discharged refined molten steel into a vacuum stirring kettle, stirring and spraying a composite refining agent at 1530 ℃, and performing external refining to ensure that the content of hydrogen in the refined molten steel is less than or equal to 3.5 ppm;
fifthly, casting and molding the refined molten steel to obtain a steel ingot, and fully and slowly cooling the steel ingot in a slow cooling pit after the steel ingot is removed;
sixthly, cutting the cooled steel ingot, then integrally forming the steel ingot through a thermal forming process to obtain a wheel primary product, and simultaneously quenching and tempering the wheel primary product to obtain a finished product;
and seventhly, performing flaw detection and mechanical performance test on the finished product obtained in the sixth step, and performing shot peening treatment on the auxiliary plate of each wheel.
Further, in the second step, the mass ratio of the molten iron to the waste steel material is 1: 0.11-0.13.
Further, the mass fractions of the components in the refined molten steel are as follows: 0.55 to 0.65 percent of carbon, 3.45 to 4.21 percent of aluminum, 0.17 to 0.37 percent of silicon, 0.5 to 0.8 percent of manganese, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of sulfur, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of chromium, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of copper, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of nickel and the balance of Fe, wherein the sum of the mass fractions of chromium, copper and nickel is less than or equal to 0.5 percent.
Further, the composite refining agent is prepared by mixing calcium oxide, rare earth scandium, calcium fluoride and nano titanium dioxide, and then grinding and uniformly mixing the mixture by a ball mill.
Further, the mass ratio of calcium oxide, rare earth scandium, calcium fluoride and nano titanium dioxide is 1: 0.23-0.31:1.12-2.17:0.89-0.93.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the wheel core and the wheel rim are integrally formed and manufactured, a retaining ring is not needed to be used for fixing and assembling, the cost is reduced, the wheel core and the wheel rim cannot be separated in the long-term use process, the safety performance of the wheel is improved, and the problems that the wheel core and the wheel rim are fixed through the retaining ring, the machining process is complex, the transfer requirement is high, and meanwhile the safety performance of the wheel is affected by the quality of the retaining ring are solved.
2. In the process of preparing the wheel, waste steel and pure molten iron are mixed and refined, inert gas is introduced for deoxidation and desulfurization in the refining process, deoxidizing agents of manganese, aluminum and ferroalloy are used for deoxidation again, and finally the refining agent is used for refining, so that the obtained refined molten steel meets the precision requirement of the railway wheel, the cost can be reduced, the waste steel is recycled, and the problem of high cost caused by the use of purer raw materials in the existing railway wheel preparation process is solved.
Drawings
In order to facilitate understanding for those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a partial structural schematic view of a rolled steel integral wheel for a railway vehicle.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
a steel grinding integral wheel for a railway vehicle comprises a wheel core 1 and a wheel band 2 integrally formed with the wheel core 1, wherein the wheel core 1 comprises an auxiliary plate 11 and a wheel rim 12 integrally connected and fixed on one end face of the auxiliary plate 11, and the wheel band 2 is integrally sleeved and fixed on the outer surface of the side wall of the wheel rim 12; the wheel core and the wheel rim are integrally formed, so that the problem that the existing wheel core and the existing wheel rim are connected and fixed through the retaining ring, the wheel core and the wheel rim are separated when the retaining ring falls off or is worn in the long-term use process of the wheel, and accidents are caused is solved;
the outer surface of the side wall at the bottom end of the tire 2 is integrally connected and fixed with a tread 21, the tread 21 adopts an LM abrasion type tread, the tread 21 comprises a bottom joint surface 211 which is positioned in the same plane with the bottom of the tire 2, the bottom joint surface 211 is bent to form a curved surface 212, the top of the curved surface 212 is integrally connected with the outer surface of the side wall of the tire 2, and meanwhile, the included angle between the tangent line of the curved surface 212 and the vertical direction is 68 degrees; the wheel tread abrasion is uniform along the width direction, and can smoothly pass through a turnout, so that the tread abrasion is uniform, and the wheel derailment is prevented;
the periphery of the surface of the auxiliary plate 11 is provided with a plurality of auxiliary plate holes 111, the quality of the wheel can be reduced by arranging the auxiliary plate holes 111, and meanwhile, the auxiliary plate 11 is obliquely arranged, so that the strength of the wheel can be improved, the wheel has high radial elasticity, and the acting force of a wheel rail can be improved; the difference between the diameter of the subplate 11 and the outer diameter of the tyre 2 is equal to 4.4 times the width of the tread 21;
the wheel core 1 and the wheel rim 2 are both made of AAR-B materials, and replace the wheel core (HT250) of the original wheel rim and the wheel rim (wheel rim steel) of the wheel rim, so that the defects of the material in the manufacturing process, such as air holes, sand holes, cracks, looseness and the like, are avoided;
example 2:
the preparation process of the rolled steel integral wheel comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, smelting a certain amount of pure iron blocks in an electric furnace to form molten iron;
and a second step of adding the molten iron and the waste steel material obtained in the first step into the converter together, smelting for 3-4h at 1650 ℃, continuously blowing argon gas into the converter through the bottom of the converter in the smelting process, preliminarily reducing the oxygen content in the molten steel in the smelting process, further effectively preventing the occurrence of hole cracks in a steel finished product, wherein the sulfur content in the molten steel obtained after the initial smelting is less than or equal to 0.05% of the weight of the molten steel, and the mass ratio of the molten iron to the waste steel material is 1: 0.11-0.13;
thirdly, keeping the temperature unchanged, adding manganese, aluminum and ferroalloy into the primary molten steel, removing oxygen in the primary molten steel after refining for 15min, and simultaneously adding a composite refining agent into a converter for refining for 30 min;
step four, discharging the refined molten steel obtained in the step four, adding the discharged refined molten steel into a vacuum stirring kettle, stirring and spraying a composite refining agent at 1530 ℃, and performing external refining to ensure that the content of hydrogen in the refined molten steel is less than or equal to 3.5 ppm; wherein the mass fractions of the components in the refined molten steel are as follows: 0.55-0.65% of carbon, 3.45-4.21% of aluminum, 0.17-0.37% of silicon, 0.5-0.8% of manganese, less than or equal to 0.04% of sulfur, less than or equal to 0.035% of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.25% of chromium, less than or equal to 0.25% of copper, less than or equal to 0.25% of nickel and the balance of Fe, wherein the sum of the mass fractions of chromium, copper and nickel is less than or equal to 0.5%;
fifthly, casting and molding the refined molten steel to obtain a steel ingot, and fully and slowly cooling the steel ingot in a slow cooling pit after the steel ingot is removed;
sixthly, cutting the cooled steel ingot, then integrally forming the steel ingot through a thermal forming process to obtain a wheel primary product, and simultaneously quenching and tempering the wheel primary product to obtain a finished product;
seventhly, performing flaw detection and mechanical performance test on the finished product obtained in the sixth step, and performing shot peening strengthening treatment on the auxiliary plate of each wheel;
the composite refining agent is prepared by mixing calcium oxide, rare earth scandium, calcium fluoride and nano titanium dioxide, and then grinding and mixing uniformly by a ball mill, wherein the mass ratio of the calcium oxide to the rare earth scandium to the calcium fluoride to the nano titanium dioxide is as follows: 1: 0.23-0.31:1.12-2.17: 0.89-0.93;
example 3:
the macroscopic structure test is carried out on the wheel produced in the example 2, and the result shows that white spots, shrinkage cavity residues, layering, cracks, peeling and metal foreign bodies do not exist on the macroscopic test piece of the wheel;
simultaneously, the wheel is tested for the nonmetallic inclusions, and the test result of each type of nonmetallic inclusions in the three rim samples is as follows: alumina inclusions are not greater than grade 1; sulfide inclusions and silicate inclusions are not more than grade 3;
carrying out magnetic powder inspection on the wheel, wherein the depth of the wheel exceeds 0.38mm, and the surface with the length of the wheel exceeding 6.35mm has no continuity defects;
the mechanical properties of the wheels prepared in example 2 were tested, 3 wheels were selected for each batch in the test procedure, and the results are shown in table 1;
table 1: wheel mechanical property detection result
As can be seen from Table 1, the rim had a high hardness and a tensile strength of 910N/mm2，The long-term use of the wheel can be realized.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. The steel grinding integral wheel for the railway vehicle is characterized by comprising a wheel core and a wheel rim integrally formed with the wheel core, wherein the wheel core comprises an auxiliary plate and a wheel rim integrally connected and fixed to one end face of the auxiliary plate, and the wheel rim is integrally sleeved and fixed on the outer surface of the side wall of the wheel rim;
the outer surface of the side wall at the bottom end of the tire is integrally connected and fixed with a tread, the tread adopts an LM abrasion type tread, the tread comprises a bottom contact surface which is in the same plane with the bottom of the tire, the bottom contact surface is bent to form a curved surface, the top of the curved surface is integrally connected with the outer surface of the side wall of the tire, and meanwhile, the included angle between the tangent line of the curved surface and the vertical direction is 68 degrees;
the periphery of the surface of the auxiliary plate is provided with a plurality of auxiliary plate holes, the quality of the wheel can be reduced by arranging the auxiliary plate holes, the auxiliary plate is obliquely arranged, and the difference between the diameter of the auxiliary plate and the outer diameter of the wheel rim is equal to 4.4 times of the width of the tread;
the wheel core and the wheel band are both prepared from AAR-B materials;
the preparation process of the rolled steel integral wheel for the railway vehicle comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, smelting a certain amount of pure iron blocks in an electric furnace to form molten iron;
secondly, adding the molten iron obtained in the first step and the waste steel materials into a converter, smelting at 1650 ℃ for 3-4h, continuously blowing argon gas into the converter through the bottom of the converter during the smelting process, wherein the content of sulfur in the molten steel obtained after primary smelting is less than or equal to 0.05% of the weight of the molten steel;
thirdly, keeping the temperature unchanged, adding manganese, aluminum and ferroalloy into the primary molten steel, removing oxygen in the primary molten steel after refining for 15min, and simultaneously adding a composite refining agent into a converter for refining for 30 min;
fourthly, discharging the refined molten steel obtained in the third step, adding the discharged refined molten steel into a vacuum stirring kettle, stirring and spraying a composite refining agent at 1530 ℃, and performing external refining to ensure that the content of hydrogen in the refined molten steel is less than or equal to 3.5 ppm;
fifthly, casting and molding the refined molten steel to obtain a steel ingot, and fully and slowly cooling the steel ingot in a slow cooling pit after the steel ingot is removed;
sixthly, cutting the cooled steel ingot, then integrally forming the steel ingot through a thermal forming process to obtain a wheel primary product, and simultaneously quenching and tempering the wheel primary product to obtain a finished product;
and seventhly, performing flaw detection and mechanical performance test on the finished product obtained in the sixth step, and performing shot peening treatment on the auxiliary plate of each wheel.
2. The steel grinding integral wheel for the railway vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the mass ratio of the molten iron to the waste steel material is 1: 0.11-0.13.
3. The rolled steel integral wheel for the railway vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass fractions of the components in refined molten steel are as follows: 0.55 to 0.65 percent of carbon, 3.45 to 4.21 percent of aluminum, 0.17 to 0.37 percent of silicon, 0.5 to 0.8 percent of manganese, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of sulfur, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of chromium, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of copper, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of nickel and the balance of Fe, wherein the sum of the mass fractions of chromium, copper and nickel is less than or equal to 0.5 percent.
4. The steel grinding integral wheel for the railway vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite refining agent is prepared by mixing calcium oxide, rare earth scandium, calcium fluoride and nano titanium dioxide, and then grinding and uniformly mixing the mixture by a ball mill.
5. The rolled steel integral wheel for the railway vehicle as claimed in claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the calcium oxide, the rare earth scandium, the calcium fluoride and the nano titanium dioxide is 1: 0.23-0.31:1.12-2.17:0.89-0.93.
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| AU4879579A (en) * | 1978-07-11 | 1980-03-06 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Profile measurement |
| US6783610B2 (en) * | 2001-03-05 | 2004-08-31 | Amsted Industries Incorporated | Railway wheel alloy |
| CN102605144B (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2013-10-02 | 芜湖县天海耐火炉料有限公司 | Steelmaking refining agent and preparation method of steelmaking refining agent |
| CN103643123B (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-05-25 | 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 | wheel steel and wheel preparation method for railway locomotive |
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