CN109091132A - A kind of device measuring intracranial pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for measuring intracranial pressure, which belongs to the technical field of medical devices and comprises a diversion tube, a pressure collection unit and a diversion bag. Among them, there are parts such as switch valves on the diversion tube; the pressure acquisition unit includes a pressure acquisition unit shell, a pressure sensor array, a wireless transceiver and identification circuit, and a heart electrode sticker. It is used in the cerebrospinal fluid diversion operation and postoperative monitoring of patients with craniocerebral trauma. The pressure acquisition unit is installed at the position of Montessori's hole very close to the lateral ventricle through the cardiac electrode, which can accurately collect intracranial pressure. At the same time, due to the use of external measurement The method realizes the reflection of intracranial pressure without affecting the diversion operation of cerebrospinal fluid and the normal function of the human body. It has the characteristics of small size, light weight, high precision, convenient installation and no poisonous effect on the human body. Compatible with other cerebrospinal fluid drainage machines, they are integrated together to complete the work of intracranial pressure monitoring and cerebrospinal fluid drainage.

Description

A device for measuring intracranial pressure

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a device for measuring intracranial pressure.

Background technique

Intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to the pressure generated by the contents of the cranial cavity on the wall of the cranial cavity, also known as brain pressure. Since the cerebrospinal fluid existing in the subarachnoid space and the cistern is between the cranial cavity wall and the brain tissue, and communicates with the subarachnoid space in the ventricle and spinal cord cavity, the hydrostatic pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid can represent the intracranial pressure, usually expressed as Cerebrospinal fluid pressure in lateral position. The cerebellar cisterna magna or lateral ventricle is punctured, and the reading measured with a pressure measuring tube or a pressure gauge is the clinical intracranial pressure. This pressure is close to the cerebrospinal fluid pressure measured by lumbar puncture in the lateral position, so the latter pressure is used clinically as a representative. Normal intracranial pressure, in the lateral position, is 0.7-2.0kPa (5-15mmHg) for adults and 0.5-1.0kPa (3.5-7.5mmHg) for children, which is higher than the highest point of the lateral ventricle in the supine position . When sitting, the lumbar puncture pressure can reach 3.3-4.0kPa (25-30mmHg).

The monitoring of intracranial pressure is clinically important: clinically, intracranial pressure monitoring technology is applied in the treatment of craniocerebral trauma, hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, intracranial tumors, cerebrovascular diseases and other diseases, especially in the treatment of craniocerebral trauma The application in patients has accumulated a large amount of clinical data. Most studies have shown that intracranial pressure monitoring can continuously reflect changes in intracranial pressure in patients, which has important guiding significance in judging the severity of intracranial injury and brain swelling, guiding treatment, and evaluating prognosis. Real-time and dynamic understanding of changes in intracranial pressure, which is conducive to the observation of the disease, early detection of increased intracranial pressure and early treatment; intracranial pressure monitoring is an important basis for judging the severity of brain injury and predicting consequences; helping to calculate and maintain cerebral perfusion pressure; Outdoor drainage and reasonable dehydration played a good role in controlling intracranial pressure.

At present, intracranial pressure monitoring is mainly divided into invasive intracranial pressure detection and non-invasive intracranial pressure monitoring. Invasive detection mainly includes lumbar puncture detection, intraventricular detection, intraparenchymal detection, subarachnoid space detection, Neuroendoscopic intraoperative detection, telemetry intracranial pressure monitoring technology, etc.; non-invasive monitoring mainly includes clinical manifestations and imaging examination, optic nerve sheath diameter monitoring, retinal vein pressure or arterial pressure monitoring, transcranial Doppler ultrasound monitoring, flash visual evoked Potential detection, periosteum displacement monitoring, anterior bregma monitoring, etc.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for measuring intracranial pressure, which can measure the intracranial pressure in real time during the intracranial pressure diversion operation or when monitoring the patient, and can also be compatible with other cerebrospinal fluid diversion devices. Complete the control process of intracranial pressure monitoring and cerebrospinal fluid drainage together.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:

A device for measuring intracranial pressure, comprising a drainage tube, a pressure acquisition unit and a drainage bag; wherein,

The pressure acquisition unit includes a pressure acquisition unit housing and a pressure sensor array and a wireless transceiver and identification circuit arranged at the side wall hole of the pressure acquisition unit housing;

When working, one end of the diversion tube is inserted into the ventricle where pressure detection or diversion operation is required, and the next section of the diversion tube is installed with the pressure acquisition unit, and the end of the diversion tube is connected with the diversion bag. The diversion tube is used to assist in diversion and pressure measurement; the pressure sensor array in the pressure acquisition unit used to install and cooperate with the pressure measurement unit for pressure measurement is in contact with the cerebrospinal fluid for pressure acquisition, and then through the wireless transmission and reception in the pressure acquisition unit. The identification circuit transmits data back to the host computer, and the host computer processes the collected signals, and then judges and makes relevant operations according to the results, so as to realize the accurate measurement of intracranial pressure when performing diversion operations on patients.

A further improvement of the present invention is that the guide tube adopts a silicone hose.

A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the number of pressure sensors in the pressure sensor array in the pressure acquisition unit is two or more.

The further improvement of the present invention is that the pressure sensor array adopts a differential pressure sensor, and the two sides of the film used to feel the pressure are cerebrospinal fluid and the atmosphere respectively, and the pressure acquisition unit collects the difference between the intracranial pressure and the atmospheric pressure of the current environment.

A further improvement of the present invention is that the pressure acquisition unit shell and the pressure sensor array are combined with cyanoacrylate medical adhesive.

The further improvement of the present invention lies in that the housing of the pressure acquisition unit and the pressure sensor array that are in direct contact with the cerebrospinal fluid in the pressure acquisition unit are made of biocompatible materials.

The further improvement of the present invention is that the pressure sensor is provided with a temperature compensation circuit for compensating the influence caused by the change of the ambient temperature.

The further improvement of the present invention lies in that the wireless transceiver in the pressure acquisition unit and the chip with identification function in the identification circuit have a unique identification code for the upper computer identification device.

A further improvement of the present invention is that the pressure acquisition unit also includes cardiac electrode stickers for pasting on the skin, and the pressure acquisition unit is installed at the Montessori hole in the cranial cavity where the patient needs to conduct drainage and pressure monitoring, so as to facilitate accurate pressure measurement.

The present invention has following beneficial technical effect:

The present invention provides a device for measuring intracranial pressure, which can simply and accurately realize pressure collection. The pressure collection unit used for measuring pressure is pasted near the cavity where pressure needs to be measured, and the pressure measurement position is the same. At the same time, the pressure collection unit Small in size and light in weight, it only needs a small wound for inserting the catheter to achieve the purpose, and it will not cause other influences on the patient during the pressure measurement process, and many existing technologies are used to collect pressure Implanted inside the human body, this will increase the risk of infection and affect the normal function of the human body, but the in vitro pressure measurement adopted by the present invention has no similar problems.

Compared with the commonly used clinical devices, the present invention can achieve the purpose of intracranial pressure measurement with uncomplicated operations and small wounds.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure acquisition unit.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of device working data transmission.

Explanation of reference signs:

1-Drain tube, 2-Pressure collection unit, 21-Pressure collection unit shell, 22-Pressure sensor array, 23-Wireless transceiver and identification circuit, 24-Heart electrode sticker, 3-Drainage bag.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the present invention provides a device for measuring intracranial pressure, which mainly consists of the following parts: a diversion tube 1, a pressure acquisition unit 2 and a diversion bag 3.

Drain tube 1 comprises parts such as pipeline, regulating valve and three-way valve wherein, at first its one end is inserted in the patient's ventricle during its use, and the other end is connected together with diversion bag 3.

The pressure acquisition unit 2 includes a pressure acquisition unit housing 21 , a pressure sensor array 22 arranged at the side wall hole of the pressure acquisition unit housing 21 , a wireless transceiver and identification circuit 23 , and cardiac electrode stickers 24 . Moreover, the number of pressure sensors in the pressure sensor array 22 in the pressure acquisition unit 2 is two or more. The pressure sensor array 22 adopts a differential pressure sensor, and the two sides of the film used to feel the pressure are respectively cerebrospinal fluid and the atmosphere, and the pressure acquisition unit 2 collects the difference between the intracranial pressure and the current ambient atmospheric pressure. The pressure acquisition unit housing 21 and the pressure sensor array 22 are combined using cyanoacrylate medical adhesive. The pressure acquisition unit casing 21 and the pressure sensor array 22 that are in direct contact with the cerebrospinal fluid in the pressure acquisition unit 2 are both made of biocompatible materials. There is a temperature compensation circuit on the pressure sensor, which is used to compensate the influence caused by the change of ambient temperature. In addition, there is a unique identification code in the chip with identification function in the wireless transceiver and identification circuit 23 in the pressure acquisition unit 2, which is used for the upper computer identification device.

During work, when it is necessary to perform a diversion operation on the patient, insert the diversion tube into the ventricle and immerse it in the cerebrospinal fluid, and the cerebrospinal fluid flows out of the body through the diversion tube and flows through the pressure acquisition unit. The pressure sensor array 22 is installed on the side wall of the channel for flowing the cerebrospinal fluid above the pressure acquisition unit 2, and is fixed with a biocompatible adhesive. The pressure acquisition unit 2 is provided with a heart electrode sticker 24 that can be pasted on the skin, and is used to install the pressure acquisition unit 2 in the Montessori hole position of the cranial cavity where the patient needs to conduct diversion and pressure monitoring, so as to facilitate accurate pressure measurement. When the body fluid enters the pressure acquisition unit 2 through the guide tube, it flows through the passage of the pressure sensor in the pressure acquisition unit, and the pressure will act on the membrane of the pressure sensor through the body fluid. The deformation of the pressure sensor will be added to the piezoresistor above the pressure sensor, and the resistance value of the piezoresistor will change accordingly under pressure. The pressure sensor array 22 has a temperature compensation circuit and a temperature sensitive element on it. The values of the pressure sensor array are adjusted to compensate for changes in ambient temperature. The wireless transceiver and identification circuit 23 includes two parts, one part is responsible for the wireless transmission and reception function, and carries out wireless communication data transmission with the host computer, and the other part is the identification circuit, which has a chip with identification function on it, each of which has a unique The machine code can allow the host computer to identify whether the device has been used or which patient it has been used for, so as to facilitate subsequent classification, management, analysis and calculation of data. Finally, the pressure sensor array 22 will output the current measured pressure value and send the data back to the upper computer through the wireless transceiver and identification circuit.

Claims (9)

1. A device for measuring intracranial pressure, characterized in that it comprises a drainage tube (1), a pressure acquisition unit (2) and a drainage bag (3); wherein, The pressure acquisition unit (2) includes a pressure acquisition unit housing (21), a pressure sensor array (22) and a wireless transceiver and identification circuit (23) arranged at a side wall hole of the pressure acquisition unit housing (21); When working, one end of the diversion tube (1) is inserted into the ventricle where pressure detection or diversion operation is required, and the next section of the diversion tube (1) is installed together with the pressure acquisition unit (2), and the diversion tube (1 ) is connected with the diversion bag (3), and the diversion tube (1) is used to assist in diversion and pressure measurement; it is used to install and work with the diversion tube (1) to cooperate with pressure measurement for pressure collection The pressure sensor array (22) inside the unit (2) is in contact with the cerebrospinal fluid for pressure collection, and then the data is sent back to the host computer through the wireless transceiver and identification circuit (23) in the pressure collection unit (2), and the host computer performs the collected signal After processing, according to the results, the situation is judged and related operations are made, so as to realize the accurate measurement of intracranial pressure during the diversion operation on the patient. 2. A kind of device for measuring intracranial pressure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, guide tube (1) adopts silicone hose. 3. A device for measuring intracranial pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of pressure sensors in the pressure sensor array (22) in the pressure acquisition unit (2) is two or more. 4. A kind of device for measuring intracranial pressure according to claim 3, is characterized in that, pressure sensor array (22) adopts differential pressure pressure sensor, and its film both sides for feeling pressure is respectively cerebrospinal fluid and atmosphere, and pressure acquisition Unit (2) collects the difference between the intracranial pressure and the atmospheric pressure of the current environment. 5 . The device for measuring intracranial pressure according to claim 1 , characterized in that, the pressure acquisition unit shell ( 21 ) and the pressure sensor array ( 22 ) are combined with cyanoacrylate medical adhesive. 6. A device for measuring intracranial pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure acquisition unit shell (21) and the pressure sensor array (22) in the pressure acquisition unit (2) that are in direct contact with the cerebrospinal fluid All are made of biocompatible materials. 7. A device for measuring intracranial pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure sensor is equipped with a temperature compensation circuit for compensating the influence caused by the change of ambient temperature. 8. A device for measuring intracranial pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that the chip with identification function in the wireless transceiver and identification circuit (23) in the pressure acquisition unit (2) has a unique The identification code for the host computer to identify the device. 9. A kind of device for measuring intracranial pressure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, pressure acquisition unit (2) also comprises cardiac electrode sticker (24), is used for pasting on the skin, pressure acquisition unit (2) ) is installed at the Montessori hole in the cranial cavity where the patient needs to conduct diversion and pressure monitoring, which is convenient for accurate pressure measurement.