CN109085515A - A kind of Sagnac magnetic field sensor with microstructured optical fibers - Google Patents
A kind of Sagnac magnetic field sensor with microstructured optical fibers Download PDFInfo
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- CN109085515A CN109085515A CN201810843491.4A CN201810843491A CN109085515A CN 109085515 A CN109085515 A CN 109085515A CN 201810843491 A CN201810843491 A CN 201810843491A CN 109085515 A CN109085515 A CN 109085515A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/032—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using magneto-optic devices, e.g. Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Sagnac magnetic field sensor with microstructured optical fibers, it include: wideband light source BBS, three-dB coupler, Polarization Controller PC, microstructured optical fibers PCF, electromagnet and its power supply and spectrometer OSA, wideband light source BBS exports laser to three-dB coupler, the wideband light source BBS laser exported is divided into the two bunch polarised lights propagated along clockwise direction with counter clockwise direction by three-dB coupler, Polarization Controller PC is rotated by 90 ° the polarization direction of this two bunch polarised light, the two sides of microstructured optical fibers PCF are provided with the electromagnet by power supply power supply, the magnetic field that electromagnet generates is orientated the magnetic-particle magnetic moment in magnetic fluid along magnetic direction, cause to interfere along the two-beam propagated clockwise and counterclockwise in three-dB coupler output end, spectrometer OSA measures the interference spectrum of three-dB coupler output.The present invention obtains intensity and the direction in magnetic field by the trough wavelength of measurement interference spectrum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber sensing more particularly to a kind of magnetic field Sagnac biographies with microstructured optical fibers
Sensor, for measuring magnetic field strength and magnetic direction.
Background technique
Magnetic fluid is that the magnetic-particle for the nanometer scale being wrapped in surfactant is dispersed in liquid solvent
Single domain colloidal solution.Common magnetic-particle includes Fe3O4, Fe2O3, Ni, Co and its alloy etc..Solvent mainly has water, coal
Oil, heptane etc..The refractive index of magnetic fluid depends on magnetic-particle and solvent, linear with magnetic particle concentration.When
When parallel with incident light direction by the magnetic direction of magnetic fluid, the refractive index of magnetic fluid increases with the increase in magnetic field, full
Sufficient Langevin equation.When magnetic direction is vertical with incident light direction, for incident light, magnetic fluid shows as each to different
Property.Relative to the incident light of two orthogonal polarization orientations, magnetic fluid is provided with different refractive index.
Due to adjustable with refractive index, birefringent, dichroism, Faraday effect, field relies on the characteristics such as transmission, magnetic fluid
Extensive attention and research are obtained.Have in the prior art and is realized on the optical fiber that magnetic fluid is covered on to taper and dislocation welding
Magnetic-field measurement, the sensitivity in the 250-475Oe measurement range are 26pm/Oe.Also have in the prior art and applies magnetic fluid
Applying realizes magnetic field modulator on channel form optical fiber, using modulation depth when multiple grooves up to 20%.Sagnac sensor
With high sensitivity, also applied in magnetic fluid magnetic field sensing.It in addition, there will be and magnetic fluid thin film is inserted into Sagnac
Magnetic-field measurement is realized in sensor, maximum sensitivity reaches 592.8pm/Oe.And due to the higher transmission loss of magnetic fluid, magnetic current
The thickness of body thin film often only has tens microns.
There is periodical air pore size distribution in microstructured optical fibers, this some holes is functional material filled provides naturally in covering
Channel.Chen Hailiang etc. selects filling magnetic fluid in microstructured optical fibers stomata, realizes the magnetic field based on Mode Coupling effect and passes
Sensor.Zu Peng etc. is filled up completely high refractive index magnetic fluid in microstructured optical fibers, realizes band gap conduction.In microstructured optical fibers packet
Magnetic fluid is filled in layer stomata, light-transfer characteristic is adjusted by the refractive index using outer field control magnetic fluid, light is avoided and exists
It is transmitted in magnetic fluid.Meanwhile it being inserted into magnetic fluid thin film compared in optical fiber Sagnac sensor, the micro- of magnetic fluid will be filled with
Structured optical fiber welding entering light fibre Sagnac sensor significantly improves device robustness.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to the quartzy base microstructured optical fibers filled by research magnetic fluid selection not
With the core mode phase difference and magnetic-field measurement sensory characteristic under fiber lengths, design based on the highly sensitive of the microstructured optical fibers
Spend Sagnac magnetic field sensor.
In view of the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of, and the magnetic field Sagnac with microstructured optical fibers passes
Sensor.Magnetic fluid is filled into microstructured optical fibers covering airport by the present invention, can be by utilizing flux control magnetic fluid
Refractive index is realized to the regulation of the refractive index of microstructured optical fibers core mode.The microstructured optical fibers welding that the magnetic fluid is filled again
Into Sagnac sensor, the measurement of magnetic field strength and magnetic direction may be implemented.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the method for the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of Sagnac magnetic field sensor with microstructured optical fibers characterized by comprising wideband light source BBS, 3dB
Coupler, Polarization Controller PC, microstructured optical fibers PCF, electromagnet and its power supply and spectrometer OSA, wherein the wideband light source
BBS exports laser to the three-dB coupler, and the wideband light source BBS laser exported is divided into along clockwise by the three-dB coupler
Direction and the two bunch polarised lights counterclockwise propagated, the Polarization Controller PC make the polarization direction of this two bunch polarised light
It is rotated by 90 °, the two sides of the microstructured optical fibers PCF is provided with the electromagnet by power supply power supply, the magnetic that the electromagnet generates
Field is orientated the magnetic-particle magnetic moment in magnetic fluid along magnetic direction, causes along the two-beam propagated clockwise and counterclockwise
It is interfered in three-dB coupler output end, the interference spectrum of the spectrometer OSA measurement three-dB coupler output.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the microstructured optical fibers PCF length is L, and the microstructured optical fibers PCF background material is stone
English, the covering of the microstructured optical fibers PCF are the hexagon stomata array structure that multiple stomatas are constituted, the microstructured optical fibers
Sectional area is circular airport there are two at left and right sides of the fibre core of PCF, and the diameter of airport is d1, fills magnetic current in airport
Body.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, multiple stomatas of the hexagon stomata array structure of the covering of the microstructured optical fibers PCF
Sectional area be same diameter circle, diameter d2 has between adjacent stomata in hexagon stomata array structure identical
Spacing sets spacing as Λ.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, d1 is 2.4 μm, and d2 is 1.0 μm, and Λ is 2 μm, and length L is 5mm.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following beneficial effects:
Sensor head in the present invention is using the polarization-maintaining microstructured optical fibers of magnetic fluid selection filling, and magnetic direction is perpendicular to micro-
Structured optical fiber, magnetic fluid are anisotropy relative to incident light.Magnetic fluid is in the two big airport of polarization-maintaining microstructured optical fibers
Filling, fill method are that intercept method is filled in axial distribution.After magnetic fluid is filled in microstructured optical fibers stomata, magnetic can be passed through
Field regulates and controls the refractive index of magnetic fluid to adjust the transmission characteristic of light in a fiber.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the light path schematic diagram of Sagnac magnetic field sensor of the invention；
Fig. 2 is microstructured optical fibers cross-sectional view of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the complex dielectric permittivity of magnetic fluid of the invention and the relation schematic diagram in magnetic field；
Fig. 4 is that the effective refractive index of microstructured optical fibers fibre core basic mode of the invention and phase difference are illustrated with the variation of wavelength
Figure；
Fig. 5 is the spectrogram of Sagnac magnetic field sensor output of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the variation relation schematic diagram of three trough wavelength of the invention with magnetic field strength；
Fig. 7 is that trough III of the invention is divided into the trough wavelength in three magnetic-field measurement regions with the variation pass of magnetic field strength
It is schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is the trough wavelength of another embodiment of the present invention trough I in different magnetic field angle with the variation relation in magnetic field
Schematic diagram；
The trough wavelength of Fig. 9 is the magnetic field strength of another embodiment of the present invention when being 1000Oe trough wavelength I is with magnetic field angle
The variation relation schematic diagram of degree.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of Sagnac magnetic field sensor with microstructured optical fibers of the invention, comprising: wideband light source
BBS, three-dB coupler, Polarization Controller PC, microstructured optical fibers PCF, electromagnet and its power supply and spectrometer OSA, wherein the width
Band light source BBS exports laser to the three-dB coupler, and the wideband light source BBS laser exported is divided into edge by the three-dB coupler
Two bunch polarised lights of clockwise and counterclockwise propagation, the Polarization Controller PC make the inclined of this two bunch polarised light
Vibration direction is rotated by 90 °, and the two sides of the microstructured optical fibers PCF is provided with the electromagnet by power supply power supply, the electromagnet produces
Raw magnetic field is orientated the magnetic-particle magnetic moment in magnetic fluid along magnetic direction, along two beams propagated clockwise and counterclockwise
Light is interfered in three-dB coupler output end, the interference spectrum of the spectrometer OSA measurement three-dB coupler output.
Microstructured optical fibers PCF length is L, and the microstructured optical fibers PCF background material is quartz, the microstructured optical fibers
The covering of PCF is the hexagon stomata array structure that multiple stomatas are constituted, and is had at left and right sides of the fibre core of the microstructured optical fibers PCF
Two sectional areas are circular airport, and the diameter of airport is d1, fill magnetic fluid in airport.Microstructured optical fibers PCF's
The sectional area of multiple stomatas of the hexagon stomata array structure of covering is the circle of same diameter, diameter d2, hexagon gas
There is identical spacing in hole array structure between adjacent stomata, sets spacing as Λ.
Wherein, it distributed the airport of two major diameters at left and right sides of microstructured optical fibers fibre core, be polarization-maintaining fiber.It is logical
It crosses and fills magnetic fluid in the two big airport in left and right, using the refractive index of the adjustable magnetic fluid in magnetic field, so as to adjust
The birefringent characteristic of microstructured optical fibers, and the interference spectrum of Sagnac magnetic field sensor is caused to move.By detecting interference spectrum
Trough wavelength change can be used to measure magnetic field.
The trough wavelength of Sagnac magnetic field sensor interference spectrum changes with the change in magnetic field strength and direction, and three
Trough has different changing rules.Change microstructured optical fibers length, making trough wavelength close to group, the birefringent wavelength for being zero can
To significantly improve magnetic-field measurement sensitivity.
In microstructured optical fibers structural schematic diagram shown in Fig. 2, d in microstructured optical fibers PCF1It is 2.4 μm, d2It is 1.0 μm,
Λ is 2 μm, L 5mm, and magnetic direction is 90 °.
In the complex dielectric permittivity of magnetic fluid and the relationship in magnetic field of the embodiment of the present invention 1 shown in Fig. 3, Jie of magnetic fluid
Electric constant is anisotropic.When incident light direction of an electric field is parallel with magnetic field, real part of permittivity increases with magnetic field and is increased, and by
Gradually in saturation.When incident light direction of an electric field is vertical with magnetic field, real part of permittivity increases with magnetic field and is reduced, and gradually tends to
Saturation.Magnetic fluid imaginary part of dielectric constant is opposite with real part variation tendency.
The effective refractive index and phase difference of the microstructured optical fibers fibre core basic mode of the embodiment of the present invention 1 shown in Fig. 4 are with wave
Long variation schematic diagram.Illustration is the distribution map of the electric field of two basic modes of fibre core.The effective refractive index of two basic modes increases with wavelength
And reduce.Phase difference first increases with the increase of wavelength and reduces afterwards.
The Sagnac magnetic field sensor output light spectrogram of the embodiment of the present invention 1 shown in Fig. 5.Have three in measurement range
A trough, respectively corresponding phase difference is 3,3,2.
Three trough wavelength of the embodiment of the present invention 1 shown in Fig. 6 with magnetic field strength variation relation.The wave of trough I
Paddy wavelength increases with magnetic field and is reduced.The trough wavelength of trough II and III increase with magnetic field and are increased.And variation relation is all full
Sufficient Langevin equation y=a [coth (bx) -1/ (bx)]+c, three troughs correspond to parameter (a, b, c) and are respectively as follows:
(0.6886,0.00344,1.65969),
(0.02123,0.00461,1.41376),
(0.032,0.00443,0.96495)。
The trough III of the embodiment of the present invention 1 shown in Fig. 7 is divided into the trough wavelength in three magnetic-field measurement regions with magnetic field
The variation relation of intensity.When magnetic field strength measurement range is divided into several narrow measurement wave bands, trough wavelength and magnetic field strength it
Between can meet linear relationship.For trough III, magnetic-field measurement range is divided into (100-400Oe), (400-600Oe), (600-
It can meet linear relationship when 900Oe), measurement sensitivity is respectively 7.590E-5,4.691E-5, and 2.6829E-5 μm/Oe.
In another embodiment of the invention, Sagnac magnetic field sensor and microstructured optical fibers structural parameters are identical, no
It is that magnetic direction changes with place, measures the relationship of magnetic direction and trough wavelength.
The trough wavelength of trough I is with magnetic field when different magnetic field angle in another embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 8
Variation relation 5.When magnetic field angle is 45 °, the trough wavelength of trough I hardly follows change of magnetic field strength.Magnetic field angle be 0 °-
At 45 °, the trough wavelength of trough I increases with magnetic field and is increased, and tends to be saturated.When magnetic field angle is 45 ° -90 °, trough I's
Trough wavelength increases with magnetic field and is reduced, and tends to be saturated.
The trough wavelength of trough wavelength I when magnetic field strength in another embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 9 is 1000Oe
With the variation relation of magnetic field angle.When changing magnetic direction, trough wavelength is moved.For trough I, magnetic field strength is
When 1000Oe, trough wavelength change is slow when magnetic direction is close to 0 °, 90 °, trough wavelength change speed when magnetic direction is close to 45 °
Degree is very fast.In 30 ° -60 ° of angular range, trough wavelength and magnetic field angle meet linear relationship, and magnetic direction measurement is sensitive
Degree is 7.099E-4 μm/degree.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make a variety of changes or modify within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring substantive content of the invention.In the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiments herein and embodiment can any phase
Mutually combination.
Claims (4)
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110926758A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-27 | 电子科技大学 | A device for measuring hybrid fiber modes |
| CN113030545A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Current sensor based on magnetic fluid filled side hole optical fiber |
| CN114089232A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-02-25 | 西安电子科技大学 | Magnetic field sensor and magnetic field measurement method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110926758A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-27 | 电子科技大学 | A device for measuring hybrid fiber modes |
| CN113030545A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Current sensor based on magnetic fluid filled side hole optical fiber |
| CN113030545B (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2022-05-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A current sensor based on ferrofluid filled edge hole fiber |
| CN114089232A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-02-25 | 西安电子科技大学 | Magnetic field sensor and magnetic field measurement method |
| CN114089232B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-08-09 | 西安电子科技大学 | Magnetic field sensor and magnetic field measuring method |
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Application publication date: 20181225 |