CN109084883A - Based on phase-BOTDR optical fiber distributed type Brillouin's vibrating sensing measurement method - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种基于相位‑BOTDR布里渊光纤分布式振动传感测量方法，光源发出的连续光经脉冲调制器调制成脉冲光，通过掺铒光纤放大器进行放大，放大后的脉冲光经光环行器进入单模传感光纤，发生振动变化位置处的后向布里渊散射光再经光环形器进入光纤布拉格光栅，滤除噪声，布里渊散射光经非平衡马赫泽德干涉仪发生干涉，输出的三路光被光电探测器接收后由数据采集处理系统进行处理。利用非平衡马赫泽德干涉仪结构，将后向散射的布里渊频移变化量转化为干涉光输出相位的变化，采用相位解调方法，利用反三角函数法解调相位，得到布里渊频移变化，从而实现光纤动态应变的测量,比微分交叉相乘方法得到的相位精确度高。
The present invention proposes a Brillouin optical fiber distributed vibration sensing measurement method based on phase-BOTDR. The continuous light emitted by the light source is modulated into pulsed light by a pulse modulator, amplified by an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, and the amplified pulsed light is passed through The optical circulator enters the single-mode sensing fiber, and the Brillouin scattered light at the position where the vibration changes occurs enters the fiber Bragg grating through the optical circulator to filter out noise, and the Brillouin scattered light passes through the unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer Interference occurs, and the output three-way light is received by the photodetector and then processed by the data acquisition and processing system. Using the non-equilibrium Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure, the Brillouin frequency shift change of the backscattering is converted into the change of the output phase of the interfering light, and the phase demodulation method is used to demodulate the phase using the inverse trigonometric function method to obtain the Brillouin The frequency shift changes, so as to realize the measurement of the dynamic strain of the optical fiber, and the phase accuracy obtained by the differential cross multiplication method is higher.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of based on phase-BOTDR Brillouin fiber optic point the present invention relates to Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques field
The measurement of formula cloth vibrating sensing.
Background technique
Distributed fiber optic sensing is widely used in urban construction Bridge, railway monitoring, rocket propulsion system and oil well inspection
Survey etc., it mainly uses the light scattering theory in optical fiber, including Rayleigh scattering, Raman scattering and Brillouin scattering.Mesh
In preceding domestic and international optical fiber sensing system, the Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques based on Rayleigh scattering are usually used in breakpoints of optical fiber and decaying is special
The qualitative detection of sign also has been reported that and carries out strain measurement (bibliography Masoudi A, Belal to Rayleigh scattering using after optical fiber
M,Newson T P.A distributed optical fibre dynamic strain sensor based on
phase-OTDR[J].Measurement Science&Technology,2013,24(8):085204.)；Raman scattering is main
It is measured for temperature sensing；Brillouin scattering can be used for the detection of remote temperature strain and vibration, be current high-precision sensing
The big hot spot of the one of fields of measurement.
Realize remote, high spatial resolution, high sensitivity Fibre Optical Sensor, main limited resource includes: excessive arteries and veins
The nonlinear effect for rushing power generation influences；Dynamic range caused by pulse width changes can not get both with resolution ratio；It is faint to dissipate
Penetrate the detection of signal and the processing of Dynamic Signal etc..Overcome the challenge encountered in high-precision Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques,
Meet the actual demand for solving national economy and the people's livelihood.High-precision distributed sensing technology based on Brillouin scattering mainly has Brillouin light
Time-domain analysis half-light pulse technique, Brillouin light domain of dependence analytical technology and Brillouin light frequency-domain analysis technology.About dynamically answering
The measurement of change is had been reported that before using phase sensitive optical time domain detection technique (bibliography Zhang X, Sun Z, Shan Y, et
al.A high performance distributed optical fiber sensor based onΦ-OTDR for
Dynamic strain measurement [J] .IEEE Photonics Journal, 2017, PP (99): 1-1.), Brillouin
Phase-shift measurement and Brillouin's dynamic raster combined technology (bibliography Bergman A, Langer T, Tur M.Phase-
based,high spatial resolution and distributed,static and dynamic strain
sensing using Brillouin dynamic gratings in optical fibers.[J].Optics
Express,2017,25(5):5376.).It is moved herein using based on phase sensitive Brillouin light time domain reflection technology
State stress measurement is obtained Brillouin shift variation, realized using phase demodulating method using antitrigonometric function method demodulation phase
Fiber-optic vibration measurement.
Summary of the invention
The invention proposes a kind of phase demodulation algorithms that strain is surveyed based on spontaneous brillouin scattering, to realize distributed light
The dynamic strain measurement of phase sensitive in fibre sensing.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
One kind being based on phase-BOTDR Brillouin fiber optic distribution vibrating sensing measurement method, includes that distributed Feedback swashs
Light source, Polarization Controller, pulse-modulator, erbium-doped fiber amplifier, optical circulator, single mode sensor fibre, optical fiber Bragg light
Grid, non-equilibrium Mach Zehnder interferometer, photodetector and data acquisition processing system, the distributed feedback laser source hair
Continuous light out is successively modulated into pulsed light through Polarization Controller, pulse-modulator, is amplified by erbium-doped fiber amplifier,
Amplified pulsed light enters single mode sensor fibre through optical circulator, and the backward Brillouin scattering light at vibration variation occurs and passes through again
Optical circulator enters fiber bragg grating, and Brillouin scattering is interfered through non-equilibrium Mach Zehnder interferometer, output
Three road light are handled after being received by a photoelectric detector by data acquisition processing system, and non-equilibrium Mach Zehnder interferometer knot is utilized
Structure converts the Brillouin shift variable quantity of back scattering to the variation of interference light output phase, according to different moments phase
Variation demodulates Brillouin shift variable quantity, and then obtains the variation of the vibration along sensor fibre.
Using non-equilibrium Mach Zehnder interferometer structure, interference light is converted by the Brillouin shift variable quantity of back scattering
The variation of phase is obtained Brillouin shift variation, realized using phase demodulating method using antitrigonometric function method demodulation phase
Fiber-optic vibration measurement, the specific steps are as follows:
A. optical signal is acquired, three tunnel output optical signals are detected by photoelectric detector, backward Brillouin scattering light is by non-
The three road light exported after the interference of balanced Mach Zehnder interferometer respectively indicate are as follows:
In above formula, I0For Brillouin scattering light intensity, M and N are constant, and the phase difference of 2 π/3 is differed between three tunnel output lights；
B. disappear DC component, and three road output intensity phase adductions average to obtain DC component, tri- tunnel output optical signal of Zai Yong
DC component is subtracted, if DC component is in (1) formula
(3) formula is subtracted with (1) formula to obtain
C. phase to be measured is asked using antitrigonometric function；
Δ L indicates reference arm delay line length in interferometer, vBIndicate Brillouin shift, cnIndicate the light velocity in medium；
vB(t)=vB0(1+0.048×106ε) (6)
Find out that strain will lead to Brillouin shift and change by (5) (6) formula, changes, adopt so as to cause phase difference
Phase demodulating is carried out with antitrigonometric function method, Brillouin shift variable quantity can be demodulated according to the variation of different moments phase,
Obtain the vibration variation along sensor fibre.
Stimulated Brillouin scattering threshold value is lower than using pump power when spontaneous brillouin scattering.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) pump power is lower than stimulated Brillouin scattering threshold value when surveying strain variation using spontaneous brillouin scattering, one
Determine pump power needed for transmission same distance in SNR ranges to be lower than based on pump power needed for Rayleigh scattering sensing.
(2) phase demodulating is carried out using antitrigonometric function method, it is higher than the phase accuracy that differential multiplication cross method obtains.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is antitrigonometric function method demodulation phase algorithm pattern.
Fig. 2 is to survey stress change principle figure based on spontaneous Brillouin back scattering.
Fig. 3 is the comparison diagram of the antitrigonometric function method that the present invention uses and differential multiplication cross method demodulation phase.
Specific embodiment
The invention proposes one kind to be based on phase-BOTDR Brillouin fiber optic distribution vibrating sensing measurement method, to realize
The dynamic strain measurement of phase sensitive in distributing optical fiber sensing.Specific embodiment is as described below, includes distributed Feedback
Laser source, Polarization Controller, pulse-modulator, erbium-doped fiber amplifier, optical circulator, single mode sensor fibre, optical fiber Bragg
Grating, non-equilibrium Mach Zehnder interferometer, photodetector and data acquisition processing system, the distributed feedback laser source
The continuous light issued is successively modulated into pulsed light through Polarization Controller, pulse-modulator, is put by erbium-doped fiber amplifier
Greatly, amplified pulsed light enters single mode sensor fibre through optical circulator, and the backward Brillouin scattering light at vibration variation occurs
Enter fiber bragg grating through optical circulator again, Brillouin scattering is interfered through non-equilibrium Mach Zehnder interferometer, defeated
Tri- road light of Chu is handled after being received by a photoelectric detector by data acquisition processing system, is interfered using non-equilibrium Mach Zehnder
Instrument structure converts the Brillouin shift variable quantity of back scattering to the variation of interference light output phase, according to different moments phase
The variation of position demodulates Brillouin shift variable quantity, and then obtains the variation of the vibration along sensor fibre.
Using non-equilibrium Mach Zehnder interferometer structure, interference light is converted by the Brillouin shift variable quantity of back scattering
The variation of phase is obtained Brillouin shift variation, realized using phase demodulating method using antitrigonometric function method demodulation phase
Fiber-optic vibration measurement, the specific steps are as follows:
A. optical signal is acquired, three tunnel output optical signals are detected by photoelectric detector, backward Brillouin scattering light is by non-
The three road light exported after the interference of balanced Mach Zehnder interferometer respectively indicate are as follows:
In above formula, I0For Brillouin scattering light intensity, M and N are constant, and the phase difference of 2 π/3 is differed between three tunnel output lights；
B. disappear DC component, and three road output intensity phase adductions average to obtain DC component, tri- tunnel output optical signal of Zai Yong
DC component is subtracted, if DC component is in (1) formula
(3) formula is subtracted with (1) formula to obtain
C. phase to be measured is asked using antitrigonometric function；
Δ L indicates reference arm delay line length in interferometer, vBIndicate Brillouin shift, cnIndicate the light velocity in medium；
vB(t)=vB0(1+0.048×106ε) (6)
It can be seen that strain will lead to Brillouin shift and change by (5) (6) formula, as shown in Figure 1, 2.So as to cause phase
Potential difference changes.Phase demodulating is carried out using antitrigonometric function method, as shown in Figure 3.It can according to the variation of different moments phase
To demodulate Brillouin shift variable quantity, and then obtain the variation of the vibration along sensor fibre.
Claims (2)
1. one kind is based on phase-BOTDR Brillouin fiber optic distribution vibrating sensing measurement method, it is characterised in that: include point
Cloth feedback laser source, Polarization Controller, pulse-modulator, erbium-doped fiber amplifier, optical circulator, single mode sensor fibre, light
Fine Bragg grating, non-equilibrium Mach Zehnder interferometer, photodetector and data acquisition processing system, the distribution are anti-
The continuous light that feedback laser source issues successively is modulated into pulsed light through Polarization Controller, pulse-modulator, passes through Erbium-doped fiber amplifier
Device amplifies, and amplified pulsed light enters single mode sensor fibre through optical circulator, occurs in the backward cloth at vibration variation
Deep pool scattering light enters fiber bragg grating through optical circulator again, and Brillouin scattering occurs through non-equilibrium Mach Zehnder interferometer
Interference, three road light of output are handled after being received by a photoelectric detector by data acquisition processing system, and non-equilibrium Mach is utilized
Zehnder interferometer structure converts the Brillouin shift variable quantity of back scattering to the variation of interference light output phase, according to not
The variation of phase demodulates Brillouin shift variable quantity in the same time, and then obtains the variation of the vibration along sensor fibre.
2. according to claim 1 be based on phase-BOTDR Brillouin fiber optic distribution vibrating sensing measurement method, spy
Sign is: utilizing non-equilibrium Mach Zehnder interferometer structure, converts interference light for the Brillouin shift variable quantity of back scattering
The variation of phase is obtained Brillouin shift variation, realized using phase demodulating method using antitrigonometric function method demodulation phase
Fiber-optic vibration measurement, the specific steps are as follows:
A. optical signal is acquired, three tunnel output optical signals are detected by photoelectric detector, backward Brillouin scattering light is by non-equilibrium
The three road light exported after Mach Zehnder interferometer interference respectively indicate are as follows:
In above formula, I0For Brillouin scattering light intensity, M and N are constant, and the phase difference of 2 π/3 is differed between three tunnel output lights；
B. disappear DC component, and three road output intensity phase adductions average to obtain DC component, and tri- tunnel output optical signal of Zai Yong subtracts
DC component, if DC component is in (1) formula
(3) formula is subtracted with (1) formula to obtain
C. phase to be measured is asked using antitrigonometric function；
Δ L indicates reference arm delay line length in interferometer, vBIndicate Brillouin shift, cnIndicate the light velocity in medium；
vB(t)=vB0(1+0.048×106ε) (6)
Find out that strain will lead to Brillouin shift and change by (5) (6) formula, changes so as to cause phase difference, using anti-
Trigonometric function method carries out phase demodulating, can demodulate Brillouin shift variable quantity according to the variation of different moments phase, obtain
Vibration variation along sensor fibre.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN111289222A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-06-16 | 丽水正阳电力建设有限公司 | An optical fiber breakpoint monitoring device based on phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometry |
| CN111458059A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2020-07-28 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | A continuous vehicle collision detection system and method thereof |
| CN113155165A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-07-23 | 武汉理工大学 | Interference type demodulation system and method for large-capacity fiber grating sensor network |
| CN114061638A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-02-18 | 广东工业大学 | Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer and phase demodulation method and device thereof |
| CN115290235A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-04 | 广东工业大学 | Method and device for phase demodulation of double-path quadrature signal in Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer |
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