CN109065951A - Lithium ion battery electrolyte and lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Lithium ion battery electrolyte and lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN109065951A CN109065951A CN201810857638.5A CN201810857638A CN109065951A CN 109065951 A CN109065951 A CN 109065951A CN 201810857638 A CN201810857638 A CN 201810857638A CN 109065951 A CN109065951 A CN 109065951A
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- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- ion battery
- electrolyte
- battery
- battery electrolytes
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- -1 phosphine oxide compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000004417 unsaturated alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Natural products P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium dihydrogen borate oxalic acid Chemical compound B([O-])(O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+] DEUISMFZZMAAOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical class O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- LKSCJMIATJONBS-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium oxalic acid phosphate Chemical compound P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Li+].C(C(=O)O)(=O)O.[Li+].[Li+] LKSCJMIATJONBS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- QGHDLJAZIIFENW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(4-hydroxy-3-prop-2-enylphenyl)propan-2-yl]-2-prop-2-enylphenol Chemical group C1=C(CC=C)C(O)=CC=C1C(C(F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=C(O)C(CC=C)=C1 QGHDLJAZIIFENW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002645 boric acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010338 boric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- DGTVXEHQMSJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-M difluorophosphinate Chemical compound [O-]P(F)(F)=O DGTVXEHQMSJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PQIOSYKVBBWRRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylphosphonyl difluoride Chemical group CP(F)(F)=O PQIOSYKVBBWRRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound C=CC1COC(=O)O1 BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QRMHDYCPNIVCBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [SH2]=N.[F] Chemical compound [SH2]=N.[F] QRMHDYCPNIVCBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VEWLDLAARDMXSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl sulfate;hydron Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)OC=C VEWLDLAARDMXSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpyrrolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)N)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HNAGHMKIPMKKBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylethyl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CCS)C(=O)C2=C1 UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IFDLFCDWOFLKEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutylbenzene Chemical compound CCC(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 IFDLFCDWOFLKEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isothiocyanatocyclopropane Chemical compound S=C=NC1CC1 JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910014336 LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910014446 LiNi1−x-yCoxMnyO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910014825 LiNi1−x−yCoxMnyO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000255964 Pieridae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OCC OBNCKNCVKJNDBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric acid octyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SIXOAUAWLZKQKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;prop-1-ene Chemical compound CC=C.OC(O)=O SIXOAUAWLZKQKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011883 electrode binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyric acid methyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OC UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- HUAZGNHGCJGYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CCC HUAZGNHGCJGYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 claims 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005586 carbonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001924 cycloalkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910015872 LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910012258 LiPO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoro-n-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSGYRGHIEBLFLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N F[P]F Chemical compound F[P]F MSGYRGHIEBLFLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002097 Lithium manganese(III,IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical group [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFCVPDYCRZVZDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [Li+].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O HFCVPDYCRZVZDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYRUXGCOHIYOBX-UHFFFAOYSA-K [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.FOC(=O)C(=O)OF Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.FOC(=O)C(=O)OF MYRUXGCOHIYOBX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960004424 carbon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010281 constant-current constant-voltage charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidophosphanium Chemical group [PH3]=O MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUONHKJOIZSQGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxophosphane Chemical compound P=O AUONHKJOIZSQGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- RAJUSMULYYBNSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-1-ene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical class CC=CS(O)(=O)=O RAJUSMULYYBNSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXFHTAICRTXLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical class CCCS(O)(=O)=O KCXFHTAICRTXLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trilithium borate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] RIUWBIIVUYSTCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and particularly relates to a lithium ion battery electrolyte and a lithium ion battery, wherein the electrolyte comprises a non-aqueous organic solvent, lithium salt and an additive, and is characterized in that: the additive at least comprises an organic phosphine oxide compound shown as a structural formula (I), wherein R1、R2、R3Independently one of aryl, substituted aryl, unsaturated alkyl, fluorine-containing alkyl and nitrile group. Compared with the prior art, the electrolyte disclosed by the invention can improve the interface performance of a high-nickel battery system, inhibit the gas generation problem of the high-nickel battery system, reduce the internal resistance change, improve the high-temperature storage charge retention capacity of the high-nickel battery, and further improve the cycle life of the battery.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of lithium ion more particularly to a kind of lithium-ion battery electrolytes and lithium-ion electric
Pond.
Background technique
In recent years, lithium ion battery with high energy density receives more and more attention, in order to improve the energy of lithium ion battery
Metric density, people are made that many effort.In terms of anode, the wherein lithium of cobalt acid lithium, ternary material, LiMn2O4 these three systems
Ion battery has reached 4.5V in charging voltage highest, but its energy density is not able to satisfy electric car and other high energy still
The demand of metric density battery product.The content that cobalt nickel lithium manganate ternary material improves nickel can greatly promote the specific capacity of material, because
This, nickelic ternary material can yet be regarded as it is a kind of improve capacity of lithium ion battery effective means.
However, in the lithium-ion battery system for being anode with high-nickel material, due to the increase of Ni content in high-nickel material,
And during the charging process, it is increased with charging voltage, high-nickel material positive electrode surface Ni3+And Ni4+Content increases, due to Ni4+With very
Strong oxidisability, not only reacts with electrolyte, destroys the function of electrolyte, and may cause positive electrode lower
At a temperature of decompose be precipitated O2, big calorimetric is generated, electrolyte decomposition generates bulk gas under hot conditions, brings safety hidden to battery
Suffer from.
In order to improve the high-temperature behavior of lithium ion battery, unsaturated nitrile compound, 1 generally will use, in 3 propane sulfonic acids
Additives such as rouge, 1,3-propane sultone, but this kind of additive will cause that battery impedance is larger, the high temperature circulation of battery and
Storge quality is difficult to ensure.
It is more more and more urgent in view of the demand to lithium ion battery energy density is improved, in order to improve with high-nickel material as anode
Lithium ion battery high temperature circulation and storage performance, it is necessary to develop a kind of new electrolyte.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to: in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, and a kind of lithium-ion battery electrolytes are provided, it should
Electrolyte can improve the interface performance of nickelic battery system, and nickelic battery system is inhibited to produce gas problem, reduce internal resistance variation, mention
Nickel-based battery high-temperature storage retention of charge is increased, and further improves the cycle life of battery.
To achieve the goals above, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of lithium-ion battery electrolytes, including Non-aqueous Organic Solvents, lithium salts and additive, the additive at least wrap
Organic oxidation phosphine compound shown in structural formula (I) is included,
Wherein, R1、R2、R3Respectively alone for aryl, substituted aryl, unsaturated alkyl, fluorine, containing in fluoroalkyl and itrile group
It is a kind of.
It should be noted that the P in organic oxidation phosphine compound is in higher chemical state, P atom has one in compound
The formation of cathode SEI film can be participated in by determining electropositive, form relatively large number of LiF component.If being introduced on P atom and drawing electronics
Group can further enhance the reducing power of additive, if introducing the functional group of electron on P atom, can weaken
The electropositive of P, due to lithium ion battery plus-negative plate interfacial chemical reaction be all connect each other rather than independent chemical system, cathode
The reduzate of SEI film, which can be migrated by electrolyte to positive interface, occurs oxidation reaction, so that the additive is in electrolyte
In oxide deposition can occur in positive electrode surface, LiPO with higher in the CEI film of formationxFyComponent, to embody organic
Phosphine oxide-type compound all plays a protective role in cathode and positive interface.
As a kind of improvement of lithium-ion battery electrolytes of the present invention, the organic oxidation phosphine compound contains
Amount is the 0.05~3% of electrolyte gross mass.
As a kind of improvement of lithium-ion battery electrolytes of the present invention, the organic oxidation phosphine compound be with
One of compound of flowering structure formula or combination:
It should be noted that organic oxidation phosphine chemical combination
Object includes but is not limited to listed above several.
As a kind of improvement of lithium-ion battery electrolytes of the present invention, the additive further includes vinylene carbonate
Ester (VC), sulfuric acid vinyl ester (DTD), fluorinated ethylene carbonate (FEC), difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium (DFOB), di-oxalate lithium borate
(BOB), difluoro double oxalic acid lithium phosphate (DFOP), vinylethylene carbonate (VEC), 1,3- propene sultone (PST), double fluorine sulphurs
At least one of imide li (FSI) and difluorophosphate (LiDFP), LiBF4.Each additive category listed above
In cathode film formation additive, organic oxidation phosphine compound mainly works at anode interface, in order to enable electrolyte
With better performance, the participation of cathode film formation additive is needed.
As a kind of improvement of lithium-ion battery electrolytes of the present invention, the lithium salts is lithium hexafluoro phosphate, tetrafluoro
Lithium borate, di-oxalate lithium borate, difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium, double fluorine sulfimide lithiums, double trifluoromethanesulfonimide lithiums, difluoro phosphorus
At least one of double oxalic acid lithium phosphates of sour lithium, four lithium fluophosphates and difluoro.
As a kind of improvement of lithium-ion battery electrolytes of the present invention, the content of the lithium salts is the total matter of electrolyte
The 12~20% of amount.
As a kind of improvement of lithium-ion battery electrolytes of the present invention, the non-aqueous organic solvent is ethylene carbonate
Ester, propene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, propyl propionate, ethyl propionate, methyl propyl carbonate, tetrahydrofuran, two
In oxygen cycloalkanes, gamma-butyrolacton, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl acetate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate and propyl butyrate extremely
Few one kind.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of lithium ion battery, including anode pole piece, cathode pole piece, is set to just
Diaphragm and electrolyte between pole pole piece and cathode pole piece, the anode pole piece include plus plate current-collecting body and are coated on positive
The positive diaphragm of collection liquid surface, the anode diaphragm includes positive active material, positive conductive agent and positive electrode binder, described
Electrolyte is previously described lithium-ion battery electrolytes, and the positive active material is nickelic ternary material LiNi1-x- yCoxMnyO2, wherein 0≤x≤1,0≤y≤1 and 0≤x+y≤1.
Compared with the prior art, since lithium ion battery of the invention has used the electrolysis containing organic phosphine oxide-type compound
Liquid, therefore, the interface performance of nickelic ternary battery system of the invention are obviously improved, the production of nickelic ternary battery system
Gas problem is also inhibited, and reduces internal resistance variation, so that it is guaranteed that lithium ion battery of the invention is keeping nickelic ternary battery
While the high-energy density of system, also there is preferable high-temperature storage retention of charge and longer cycle life.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is battery normal temperature circulation 100 weeks efficiency for charge-discharge comparison diagrams of comparative example 1,6 Yu Examples 1 to 3.
Wherein, that upright equilateral triangle represents is comparative example 1 (containing VC), and what circle represented is that comparative example 6 (contains
PST), what the equilateral triangle of handstand represented is embodiment 1 (containing organic oxidation phosphine compound shown in formula 1), diamond shape generation
Table is embodiment 2 (containing organic oxidation phosphine compound shown in formula 4), and what square represented is embodiment 3 (containing formula 8
Shown in organic oxidation phosphine compound).
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with Figure of description With reference to embodiment, but of the invention
Embodiment is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of electrolyte:
In mass ratio it is EC by ethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate and methyl ethyl carbonate in the glove box full of argon gas:
DEC:EMC=25:30:45 is mixed, and is then slowly added to the hexafluoro based on electrolyte total weight 12.5% to mixed solution
Organic oxidation phosphine compound shown in lithium phosphate, the formula 1 based on electrolyte total weight 0.5% obtains embodiment after mixing evenly
1 lithium-ion battery electrolytes.
The preparation of lithium ion battery:
By positive plate obtained (positive active material LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2), diaphragm, negative electrode tab (negative electrode active material
Matter is graphite) it folds in order, it is in diaphragm among positive/negative plate, winding obtains naked battery core;By naked battery core to setting outer packing
In, by the electrolyte of above-mentioned preparation be injected into it is dry after battery in, encapsulation, static, chemical conversion, shaping and partial volume, complete lithium from
The preparation of sub- battery.
Embodiment 2~17 and comparative example 1~10
In embodiment 2~17 and comparative example 1~10, other than each ingredient composition and ratio of electrolyte shown in table 1 by adding,
It is other same as Example 1.In addition, organic oxidation phosphine compound specific structure shown in formula 1~9 is shown in Table 2.
Embodiment 18
The preparation of electrolyte:
In mass ratio it is EC by ethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate and methyl ethyl carbonate in the glove box full of argon gas:
DEC:EMC=25:30:45 is mixed, and is then slowly added to the hexafluoro based on electrolyte total weight 12.5% to mixed solution
Organic oxidation phosphine compound shown in lithium phosphate, the formula 1 based on electrolyte total weight 0.5%, 8% fluoro ethylene carbonate
Ester, 0.5% 1,3 propene sulfonic acid lactones, 1% difluorophosphate, 1% di-oxalate lithium borate and 1% 1,3 propane sulfonic acids
Lactones obtains the lithium-ion battery electrolytes of embodiment 18 after mixing evenly.
The preparation of lithium ion battery:
By positive plate obtained (positive active material LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2), diaphragm, negative electrode tab (negative electrode active material
Matter is silicon-carbon cathode, and cathode gram volume is 450mAh/g) it folds in order, it is in diaphragm among positive/negative plate, winding obtains
Naked battery core;By naked battery core to setting in outer packing, the electrolyte of above-mentioned preparation is injected into the battery after drying, encapsulate, is static,
Chemical conversion, shaping and partial volume, the preparation for completing lithium ion battery.
Embodiment 19~13 and comparative example 11~13
In embodiment 19~33 and comparative example 11~13, in addition to each ingredient composition and ratio of electrolyte is added as shown in table 1
Outside, other identical as embodiment 18.In addition, organic oxidation phosphine compound specific structure shown in formula 1~9 is shown in Table 2.
The composition and ratio of 1 electrolyte of table
2 organic oxidation phosphine compound specific structure of table
Following performance test is carried out to battery made from Examples 1 to 34 and comparative example 1~13:
1) normal-temperature circulating performance is tested: at 25 DEG C, the battery after partial volume being charged to 4.20V by 1C constant current constant voltage, is ended
Electric current 0.05C measures the discharge capacity of battery, recycles according to this then by 1C constant-current discharge to 3.0V, charge/discharge 500 times circulations
The 500th cycle circulation volume conservation rate is calculated afterwards.
Calculation formula is as follows:
The 500th circulation volume conservation rate (%) of room temperature 1C/1C=(the 500th cyclic discharge capacity/circulation electric discharge for the first time
Capacity) × 100%;
2) 45 DEG C of cycle performance tests of high temperature: under 45 DEG C of constant temperatures, the battery after partial volume is filled by -1C constant current constant voltage
To 4.20V, cut-off current 0.05C, then the discharge capacity and internal resistance of battery are measured, is followed according to this to 3.0V by 1C constant-current discharge
Ring, charge/discharge 300 times circulation after calculate the 300th cycle circulation volume conservation rate.
Calculation formula is as follows:
The 300th circulation volume conservation rate (%) of 45 DEG C of -1C/1C=(the 300th cyclic discharge capacity/it recycles put for the first time
Capacitance) × 100%;
Internal resistance change rate (%) after 45 DEG C of the 300th circulations=(internal resistance of battery after the 300th circulation/after recycling for the first time
The internal resistance of battery) × 100%;
3) 55 DEG C of constant temperature storage performances test: first by battery put at normal temperature with 0.5C cycle charge-discharge 1 time (4.2V~
3.0V), discharge capacity C0 before record battery storage, then by battery constant-current constant-voltage charging to the full electric state of 4.2V, test battery is high
Battery is put into 55 DEG C of insulating boxs stores 7 days later by thickness d 1 and internal resistance R1 before gentle storage, and battery is taken out after the completion of storage
And test the hot thickness d 2 of battery and internal resistance R2 after storage, calculate after 55 DEG C of constant temperature of battery store 7 days cell thickness expansion rate and
Internal resistance change rate;After battery cools down 24H at room temperature, battery is subjected to constant-current discharge to 3.0V, record electricity with 0.5C again
Discharge capacity C1 after the storage of pond, and calculate capacity retention ratio after 55 DEG C of constant temperature of battery store 7 days;
Calculation formula is as follows:
55 DEG C storage 7 days after cell thickness expansion rate=(d2-d1)/d1*100%;
55 DEG C storage 7 days after internal resistance of cell change rate=(R2-R1)/R1*100%;
Capacity retention ratio=C1/C0*100% after 55 DEG C of constant temperature store 7 days.
The results are shown in Table 3 for the above properties test.
4) battery of testing example 1~3 and comparative example 1,6 recycles efficiency for charge-discharge after 100 weeks at normal temperature, as a result such as
Shown in Fig. 1.
3 room temperature of table and 45 DEG C of high temperature circulations and 55 DEG C of full electricity storage test results
The vinylene carbonate (VC) of conventional type cathode film formation additive is nickelic it can be seen from the test result of table 3
All show very poor there are room temperature and high-temperature behavior in Soft Roll system, 55 DEG C of storge qualities of high temperature have obvious the phenomenon that producing gas, nothing
Method meets the application in nickelic system.And fluorinated ethylene carbonate (FEC) has preferable normal-temperature circulating performance, but equally deposits
The problem of producing gas is easy in high-temperature storage and cyclic process;The difluoro oxalate lithium phosphate and di-oxalate lithium borate of lithium salts type have
Preferable cathode film formation ability, and the protection of nickelic anode, from test data, the two can be participated in a certain extent
Normal-temperature circulating performance is fine under nickelic adjusting, but storage performance is also poor, thus it is speculated that is that oxalates decomposes generation two at high temperature
Carbonoxide causes.Sulfuric acid vinyl ester and 1,3 propene sulfonic acids (PST) lactones have relatively good high-temperature storage performance, especially
PST shows as not producing gas after storing 7 days at 55 DEG C, with the optimal ability for inhibiting to produce gas and optimal residue and restores to hold
Quantitative change rate, deficiency are that its normal temperature circulation and high temperature cyclic performance are poor when PST individualism, may be attributed on the one hand
PST is larger in the larger formation of positive interface impedance increase, and irreversible capacity loss is larger related, and on the other hand the additive is in electricity
There is the risk being oxidized in pole surface;Organic oxidation phosphine compound (formula 1) provided by the invention is compared and is pressed down in above-mentioned comparative example 6
System produce gas energy want poor, but in contrast table data it can be found that 45 DEG C of cycle performances of room temperature and high temperature of embodiment 1 obviously mention
It rises;After increasing unsaturated double-bond such as embodiment 2 and embodiment 4 in organo-phosphine oxide, high-temperature storage performance is further promoted,
As the high-temperature storage performance of additive in formula 8 is better than 1,3 propene sulfonic acid lactones, while 45 DEG C of cycle performances of its room temperature and high temperature
It is not decreased obviously, this point is different with PST.In addition, can be seen by each group battery efficiency comparison in Fig. 1
Out, the efficiency for charge-discharge of VC is minimum in comparative example, is secondly PST, and the efficiency for charge-discharge of Examples 1 to 3 is above the above two,
And as the increase efficiency for charge-discharge of unsaturated functional group is declined.This also explains implementation of the present invention to a certain extent
The additive that example is selected has one of the reason of more preferable cycle performance than control group VC or PST.Further contain phosphorus oxidation to organic
Other additives closed in contrast group of object combine, and data can be seen that the introducing of organic phosphoric-oxygenic compound from table 3
The rising that high-temperature storage overcharges the middle internal resistance of cell can also be reduced, the addition of organic oxidation phosphine compound generally improves electricity
Normal temperature circulation, high temperature cyclic performance and the high-temperature storage performance in pond.
It should be noted that the P in the present invention in organic oxidation phosphine compound is in highest chemical state, P is former in compound
There is son certain electropositive can participate in the formation of cathode SEI film, form relatively large number of LiF component.If drawing on P atom
The reducing power of additive can be further enhanced by entering drawing electron group, if introducing the functional group of electron on P atom,
The electropositive that P can be weakened, due to lithium ion battery plus-negative plate interfacial chemical reaction be all connect each other rather than independent chemistry
System, the reduzate of cathode SEI film, which can be migrated by electrolyte to positive interface, occurs oxidation reaction, so that the additive
Oxide deposition, LiPO with higher in the CEI film of formation can occur in positive electrode surface in the electrolytic solutionxFyComponent, thus body
Reveal organic oxidation phosphine compound all to play a protective role in cathode and positive interface, be preced with by being introduced in phosphine oxide structures
The property of adjustable phosphine oxide can be rolled into a ball, introducing benzene class is preced with the promotion after capable of rolling into a ball due to cloud density on P, in addition aromatic hydrocarbons function
Group, which has, to be conjugated big pi bond and may be oxidized decomposition in the position P-C to anode deposition film forming, and introducing after unsaturated functional group can be with
It polymerize to play protection and stabilization to nickelic anode in positive electrode surface, improves the storge quality of battery.To sum up, it uses
Organic phosphoric-oxygenic compound of the invention improves the cyclical stability of nickelic system battery, improves the high-temperature storage characteristics of battery
Can, so that having preferable application prospect in the nickelic system of ternary.
According to the disclosure and teachings of the above specification, those skilled in the art in the invention can also be to above-mentioned embodiment party
Formula is changed and is modified.Therefore, the invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific embodiment, all those skilled in the art exist
Made any conspicuous improvement, replacement or modification all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention on the basis of the present invention.This
Outside, although using some specific terms in this specification, these terms are merely for convenience of description, not to the present invention
Constitute any restrictions.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of lithium-ion battery electrolytes, including Non-aqueous Organic Solvents, lithium salts and additive, it is characterised in that: described to add
Agent is added to include at least organic oxidation phosphine compound shown in structural formula (I),
Wherein, R1、R2、R3It is alone respectively aryl, substituted aryl, unsaturated alkyl, fluorine, contains one of fluoroalkyl and itrile group.
2. lithium-ion battery electrolytes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the organic oxidation phosphine compound
Content is the 0.05~3% of electrolyte gross mass.
3. lithium-ion battery electrolytes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the organic oxidation phosphine compound is
One of compound of including but not limited to following structural formula or combination:
4. lithium-ion battery electrolytes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the additive further includes carbonic acid Asia second
Enester, sulfuric acid vinyl ester, fluorinated ethylene carbonate, difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium, di-oxalate lithium borate, LiBF4, difluoro are double
In oxalic acid lithium phosphate, vinylethylene carbonate, 1,3- propene sultone, double fluorine sulfimide lithiums and difluorophosphate at least
It is a kind of.
5. lithium-ion battery electrolytes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the lithium salts is lithium hexafluoro phosphate, four
Lithium fluoroborate, di-oxalate lithium borate, three oxalic acid lithium phosphates, difluorine oxalic acid boracic acid lithium, double fluorine sulfimide lithiums, double fluoroform sulphurs
At least one of double oxalic acid lithium phosphates of imide li, difluorophosphate, four lithium fluophosphates and difluoro.
6. lithium-ion battery electrolytes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the content of the lithium salts is that electrolyte is total
The 12~20% of quality.
7. lithium-ion battery electrolytes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the non-aqueous organic solvent is carbonic acid second
Enester, propene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, propyl propionate, ethyl propionate, methyl propyl carbonate, tetrahydrofuran,
In dioxy cycloalkanes, gamma-butyrolacton, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl acetate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate and propyl butyrate
It is at least one.
8. a kind of lithium ion battery, including anode pole piece, cathode pole piece, be set between anode pole piece and cathode pole piece every
Film and electrolyte, the anode pole piece include plus plate current-collecting body and the positive diaphragm coated on plus plate current-collecting body surface, described
Positive diaphragm includes positive active material, positive conductive agent and positive electrode binder, it is characterised in that: the electrolyte is wanted for right
1 to 7 described in any item lithium-ion battery electrolytes are sought, the positive active material is nickelic ternary material LiNi1-x- yCoxMnyO2, wherein 0≤x≤1,0≤y≤1 and 0≤x+y≤1.
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