CN109060596A - A kind of fuel pellet real density automatic measuring instrument and method - Google Patents
A kind of fuel pellet real density automatic measuring instrument and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109060596A CN109060596A CN201810964082.XA CN201810964082A CN109060596A CN 109060596 A CN109060596 A CN 109060596A CN 201810964082 A CN201810964082 A CN 201810964082A CN 109060596 A CN109060596 A CN 109060596A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
- G01N9/02—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring weight of a known volume
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
- G01N9/02—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring weight of a known volume
- G01N2009/022—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring weight of a known volume of solids
- G01N2009/024—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring weight of a known volume of solids the volume being determined directly, e.g. by size of container
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fuel pellet real density automatic measuring instrument and method, which includes mounting platform, conveyor module, Weighing module, mechanical transhipment hand and cubing module.Wherein the one side edge in mounting platform center is arranged in Weighing module, the central location that the other side is located at Weighing module on mounting platform is provided with mechanical transhipment hand, conveyor module is fixed on mounting platform one end, the other end of mounting platform is provided with cubing module, conveyor module, mechanical transhipment hand and cubing module are located at the same side on mounting platform.The method of the present invention measures the skeleton volume of pellet by measurement gas displacement method, to obtain the real density of pellet.Apparatus of the present invention structure is simple, solves infusion process and photovoltaic measurement survey density error is big, measure the defect of inaccuracy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to density measure technical fields, and in particular to a kind of fuel pellet real density automatic measuring instrument and side
Method.
Background technique
Fuel pellet is the core of nuclear fuel element, is made of easy fissioner 235U and 239Pu.Nuclear fuel can divide
For metal mold, ceramic mould and diffusion-type, outside is coated with the cladding materials such as aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, zircaloy and stainless steel.Fuel
The necessary mechanical polishing in the surface of pellet, to guarantee the cooperation with cladding materials.It is expanded to adapt to the irradiation of fuel pellet, pellet
Top and bottom are pressed into recessed dish, and there is small through hole at middle part, and entire solid is irregular Special-Shaped Surface after sintering.Due to the pellet volume
Smaller (φ (4~8mm) * h (8~14mm)) is difficult to carry out precise measurement using traditional infusion process and photovoltaic measurement.Using
Infusion process is due to there is aperture in the middle part of pellet, aperture has air-tightness, and liquid is difficult to be totally immersed into surveyed volume, it is difficult to guarantee its standard
Exactness.Pellet has Radiation Characteristics simultaneously, and the post-processing for measuring liquid is also more complicated, increases the use cost of user, is surveyed
Density is only surface volume, and obtained density is only apparent volume, big with the actual density error of pellet, and the degree of automation
It is low, artificial whole compounding practice is needed, it is cumbersome and big in injury of the radiation environment to operator.
Therefore, it is badly in need of a kind of device of automatic measurement fuel pellet real density, effectively to solve measurement existing for infusion process
Pellet density error is big, and the degree of automation is low, needs artificial whole process manual operations, the directly body of operation influence operator
The problems such as health increases the human cost for using unit, and immersion fluid post-processing is complicated.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the device can the present invention provides a kind of fuel pellet real density automatic measuring instrument and method
With the automatic measurement fuel pellet density in radiation environment, solves infusion process and photovoltaic measurement survey density error is big, Yi Jishi
It now automates, the measurement for completing pellet real density can be remotely operated, realize that operator operates in radiationless environment medium-long range.
In order to reach above-mentioned technical effect, the present invention is realized especially by following technical scheme:
A kind of fuel pellet real density automatic measuring instrument, including mounting platform, central side peace on the mounting platform
Equipped with Weighing module, mechanical transhipment hand is installed on mounting platform with the other side of Weighing module opposite position, it is described
The two sides of machinery transhipment hand are separately installed with conveyor module and cubing module, and the cubing module includes the first survey
Amount unit and the second measuring unit, first measuring unit are fixed in mounting base by lift slide, the installation
Seat is fixed on mounting platform, and second measuring unit is fixed on mounting platform and corresponding in opposite directions with the first measuring unit
Setting.
The mounting platform is concave-shaped structure, side is provided with coating member in mounting platform, in mounting platform four
Forming flange placement week prevents pellet from falling to lower layer.
The Weighing module is mounted on the indentation, there of indent, and the Weighing module bottom is provided with hand-operated lifting platform,
Easy to repair and maintenance Weighing module.
The conveyor module includes pallet and Pneumatic slid platform, and the pallet is arranged on Pneumatic slid platform, and pallet is along gas
The slideway of dynamic slide unit side is mobile；Sample container is fixed in the center of pallet.
First measuring unit belongs to benchmark storehouse；Second measuring unit belongs to sample bin, for placing tested pellet；
First measuring unit and the second measuring unit interface are sealed using silica gel sealing ring.
The bottom surface of the mounting platform and lift slide opposite position is provided with jacking cylinder, the jacking cylinder
It is connect with lift slide, for controlling rising or falling for the first measuring unit.
The mechanical transhipment hand includes revolving platform, lifting cylinder, shaft, gripper jaw and support base, the revolving platform
It is arranged on mounting platform, the support base is arranged in the support base that revolving platform top, the lifting cylinder are located at, institute
The shaft stated is connect with lifting cylinder, and the gripper jaw is vacantly fixedly connected with shaft by transverse bar.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of measurement methods of fuel pellet real density, comprising the following steps:
Pellet to be measured and sample container are placed in test chamber, empty the gas in test chamber and reference cavity, closes exhaust valve,
Stablize to pressure, records pressure P1, the test chamber is identical with benchmark cavity volume and is connected to, and survey is provided in communicating passage
Try valve；
Test valve is closed, gas is injected into reference cavity and records the pressure P2 after stablizing；
Test valve is opened, sample test chamber is connected to reference cavity and records the pressure P3 after stablizing；
Pellet and sample container gross mass M to be measured is measured respectively0；
Pellet real density to be measured is calculated according to for formula (1):
Wherein, M1Indicate sample container quality, V1Indicate test cavity volume, V2Indicate benchmark cavity volume, V3Indicate that sample holds
Body product.
The invention has the benefit that
The present invention provides a kind of for measuring the measuring device and method of fuel pellet real density, and the device is using automatic
Change operation, can be injured caused by operator to avoid the Radiation Characteristics as fuel pellet, completion pellet can be remotely operated
The survey of real density.The method of the present invention measurement method solves infusion process simultaneously and photovoltaic measurement survey density error is big, and measurement is not
Accurate defect, it is simple and practical.Specifically also have the advantage that
1) mechanical transhipment hand getting revolution feed mode, completes the transhipment of multistation fuel pellet, structure is simple, and lifting is adopted
With pneumatic mode, using normally closed type clamping jaw, the positioning of each station is carried out by individual pen magnetoelectricity absolute encoder, cost is compared with joint machine
Tool hand is cheap, controls simple compared with cartesian coordinate robot；
2) cubing module, benchmark storehouse are designed to elevating mechanism, are oriented to using guide rail that it is automatic that cylinder, which pushes lifting,
Change the basis of measurement this density of fuel pellet；
3) Weighing module is mounted on hand-operated lifting platform, and easy to repair, maintenance reduces the irradiation time of maintenance personnel；
5) pellet conveyor module uses Pneumatic slid platform form, and Pneumatic slid platform and design have shield to prevent pellet because surprisingly falling
Backwardness is unlikely to fall in gap, causes personnel that can not pick up pellet.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of measuring instrument of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of mounting platform of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of Weighing module of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of conveyor module of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of cubing unit of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of mechanical transhipment hand of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of inventive shell；
In figure: 1, mounting platform, 2, Weighing module, 21, assay balance, 22, shield, 23, hand-operated lifting platform, 3, machinery
Transport hand, 31, support base, 32, shaft, 33, gripper jaw, 34, lifting cylinder, 35, right close to switch, 36, magnetoelectricity individual pen it is absolute
Encoder, 37, revolving platform, 38, left close switch, 4, conveyor module, 41, pallet, 42, sample container, 43, Pneumatic slid platform, 44,
Mechanical position limitation block, 5, cubing module, 51, mounting base, 52, lift slide, the 53, first measuring unit, the 54, second measurement are single
Member, 55, jacking cylinder, 6, shell, 61, pry through windowpane, 62, glove hole.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment of the present invention, technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described, is shown
So, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the reality in the present invention
Example is applied, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts all belongs to
In the scope of protection of the invention.
The present invention endangers big technological deficiency for fuel pellet density measure inaccuracy and operation, proposes a kind of cartridge
Block real density automatic measuring instrument, as shown in Figure 1, the measuring instrument includes mounting platform 1, conveyor module 4, Weighing module 2, mechanical turn
Transport hand 3 and cubing module 5.Wherein the one side edge in 1 center of mounting platform is arranged in Weighing module 2, on mounting platform 1
The central location that the other side is located at Weighing module 2 is provided with mechanical transhipment hand 3, and conveyor module 4 is fixed on 1 one end of mounting platform,
The other end of mounting platform 1 is provided with cubing module 5, conveyor module 4, mechanical transhipment hand 3 and cubing module 5
The same side on mounting platform 1.
As shown in Fig. 2, mounting platform 1 is concave-shaped structure, side is provided with coating member in mounting platform 1, is installing
1 surrounding of platform, which forms flange placement, prevents pellet from falling to lower layer, is fixed in the bottom of mounting platform 1 with rack, and rack uses
Standard sections welding destressing post-processing forms, and the used material of mounting platform 1 is 316 stainless steels.
As shown in figure 3, Weighing module 2 is mounted on the indentation, there of indent, 2 bottom of Weighing module is provided with hand-operated lifting platform
23, hand-operated lifting platform 23 is fixed by the bracket below mounting platform 1.Weighing module 2 uses a ten thousandth in the present embodiment
Assay balance 21, assay balance 21 are provided with shield 22 outside, and shield 22 and mounting platform 1 are fixed, by assay balance 21
Processing of circuit unit is wrapped up with the shield 22 equipped with the lead sand with a thickness of 12mm, avoids the electric appliance inside it to radiation sensitive
Component wear.The effect of hand-operated lifting platform 23 is the height for adjusting assay balance 21, convenient for maintaining easily and overhauling.Due to
Shield 22 is heavier, and when safeguarding or repairing to assay balance 21, hand-operated lifting platform 23 need to only be carried out to lifting be can be completed, and improves
The maintainability of equipment and overhauling property.
As shown in figure 4, conveyor module 4 includes pallet 41 and Pneumatic slid platform 43, pallet 41 is arranged on Pneumatic slid platform 43, support
Slideway of the disk 41 along 43 side of Pneumatic slid platform moves, and mechanical position limitation block 44 is respectively arranged at slideway both ends, in pallet 41
Centre is fixed with sample container 42, for pellet to be measured to be transported to feeding station from blowing station.Conveyor module 4 uses 316 materials
The sealing plate of matter wraps up, and prevents pellet from falling in its gap, picks up convenient for artificial.
As shown in figure 5, cubing module 5 includes the first measuring unit 53 and the second measuring unit 54, the first measurement is single
Member 53 is fixed in mounting base 51 by lift slide 52, and mounting base 51 is fixed on mounting platform 1, and the second measuring unit 54 is solid
It is scheduled on mounting platform 1 and is correspondingly arranged in opposite directions with the first measuring unit 53.First measuring unit 53 belongs to benchmark storehouse；Second surveys
Amount unit 54 belongs to sample bin, for placing tested pellet；First measuring unit 53 and 54 interface of the second measuring unit use
Silica gel sealing ring sealing.The bottom surface of mounting platform 1 and 52 opposite position of lift slide is provided with jacking cylinder 55, jacking cylinder
55 connect with lift slide 52, for controlling rising or falling for the first measuring unit 53.
Original state jacking cylinder 55 retracts, and the first measuring unit 53 is combined with the second measuring unit 45.Machinery transhipment hand 3
When tested pellet to weighing station is set, jacking cylinder 55 is stretched out, and the first measuring unit 53 is separated with the second measuring unit 54.Machine
Pellet is transported in the second measuring unit 54 by tool transhipment hand 3 from weighing positions, and machinery transhipment hand 3 and jacking cylinder 55 retract,
The opening of gripper jaw 33 places pellet.Machinery transhipment hand 3 and jacking 55 cylinder of gas stretch out, and gripper jaw 33 is closed, and moves to weighing work
Position.Jacking cylinder 55 retracts, and the first measuring unit 53, which is moved downward, is combined sealing with the second measuring unit 54.Start to measure pellet
Volume.
As shown in fig. 6, mechanical transhipment hand 3 includes revolving platform 37, lifting cylinder 34, shaft 32, gripper jaw 33 and support base
31, revolving platform 37 is arranged on mounting platform 1, and support base 31 is arranged in 37 top of revolving platform, the support that lifting cylinder 34 is located at
In seat 31, shaft 32 is connect with lifting cylinder 34, the lifting of 34 drive shaft 32 of lifting cylinder, installs adjustable machine in shaft 32
Tool limited block 44, for adjusting positioning.Gripper jaw 33 is vacantly fixedly connected with shaft 32 by transverse bar, and gripper jaw 33 is mounted on
On normally closed gripper cylinder, even if normally closed gripper cylinder under the transition died, can guarantee that pellet is not fallen.Machinery transhipment hand 3 will
Tested pellet and sample container 42 are transported on weighing platform and cubing module 5 respectively from origin (feeding station), are completed
Weight and volume measurement.37 bottom of revolving platform is provided with magnetoelectricity individual pen absolute encoder 36, for controlling the rotation of revolving platform 37
Gyration, and mechanical left close switch 38 and the right side are installed close to switch 35 in 37 Derivative limit on the left or on the right position of revolving platform, it is arranged simultaneously
There is limited block.
After pellet cubing, jacking cylinder 55 is stretched out, and the first measuring unit 53 is divided with the second measuring unit 54
From.Machinery transhipment hand 3 moves in the second measuring unit 54 from weighing station, and gripper jaw 33 is opened, and lifting cylinder 34 retracts, and grabs
Clamping jaw is closed when coring block, and lifting cylinder 32 stretches out, and pellet is transported to initial feeding position, completes the cubing of pellet skeleton
Process.
As shown in fig. 7, the measuring instrument further includes shell 6,6 material of shell is 316 stainless steels, in the front of shell 6
It is provided with side and pries through windowpane 61, the windowpane 61 of prying through in front is arranged with two glove holes 62, while in shell
Front, back and the side of body 6 are provided with access hole, and headlamp is disposed with inside shell 6, and 6 opening of shell uses silicon
Rubber mat sealing.The revenge of shell 6 is fixed on mounting platform 1.
In prying through equipped with camera on windowpane 61 for shell 6, for situation in monitoring box, outlet method is adopted in shell 6
It being electrically connected with vacuum air plug connector and extraneous control cabinet realization, pneumatic circuit is connect by the way of quick connector with gas source,
Guarantee the leakproofness of shell 6.
When in use, machinery transhipment 3 lifting cylinder 34 of hand rises the present embodiment measuring instrument, and gripper jaw 33 opens, conveying
4 pallet 41 of module moves to blowing station, after machinery transhipment 3 revolving platform 37 of hand rotates 45 °, after lifting cylinder 34 is fallen into place,
Gripper jaw 33 is closed pawl and takes pellet to be measured.Lifting cylinder 34 rises, and machinery transhipment hand 3 is by pellet to be measured from being transported to Weighing module
2, after the completion of pellet to be measured is heavy, sample container 42 is transported to cubing module 5 from Weighing module 2 by machinery transhipment hand 3, complete
At cubing, calculated according to measurement result.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of measurement method of fuel pellet real density, specifically includes the following contents:
In this Instrument Design, pellet cubing application Archimedes principle -- gas expansion displacement method utilizes small molecule
The inert gas of diameter, Bohr law (PV=nRT) under certain condition, the gas arranged by sample in measurement test chamber
Body volume, carrys out the skeleton volume (containing closed pore) of accurate test sample, so that its real density is obtained, real density=quality/skeleton body
Product.
Gas expansion displacement method is the volume for replacing liquid assay sample to be arranged with gas.This method can avoid in immersion method
Test error caused by being dissolved and soaked as sample, has the advantages that not damage sample.Because gas can penetrate into pole in sample
The irregular hole of small hole and surface, therefore the sample volume measured is closer to the skeleton volume of sample.Therefore, densitometer
Calculation value is also closer to sample real density.Test macro is made of test chamber and reference cavity, specific as follows:
Pellet and sample container gross mass to be measured: M0(g)；
Pellet and sample container skeleton total volume to be measured: V0(cm3) (to be measured)；
Test cavity volume: V1(cm3)；
Benchmark cavity volume: V2(cm3)；
Sample container quality: M1(g)；
Sample container volume: V3(cm3)。
Pellet to be measured and sample container are placed in test chamber, empty the gas in test chamber and reference cavity, closes exhaust valve,
Stablize to pressure, records pressure P1, the test chamber is identical with benchmark cavity volume and is connected to, and survey is provided in communicating passage
Try valve；
Test valve is closed, gas is injected into reference cavity and records the pressure P2 after stablizing；
Test valve is opened, sample test chamber is connected to reference cavity and records the pressure P3 after stablizing；
The integral molar quantity of test chamber and benchmark intracavity gas is equal before and after opening test valve, it can thus be appreciated that:
P1(V1-V0)+P2V2=P3[(V1-V0)+V2]
That is: V0=V1-(P2-P3)V2/(P3-P1)
The volume of pellet and sample container can be obtained as a result,.
Calculate pellet volume: V=V0-V3；
Pellet to be measured and sample container gross mass: M0 are measured using assay balance；
Measure pellet quality to be measured: M=M0-M1
Obtain pellet density to be measured:
That is:
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
Understand without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention can to these examples carry out it is a variety of variation, modification, replacement and
Modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of fuel pellet real density automatic measuring instrument, which is characterized in that including mounting platform (1), the mounting platform
(1) central side is equipped with Weighing module (2) on, on mounting platform (1) with the other side of Weighing module (2) opposite position
Mechanical transhipment hand (3) is installed, the two sides of mechanical transhipment hand (3) are separately installed with conveyor module (4) and cubing
Module (5), the cubing module (5) include the first measuring unit (53) and the second measuring unit (54), and described the
One measuring unit (53) is fixed on mounting base (51) by lift slide (52), and it is flat that the mounting base (51) is fixed on installation
On platform (1), second measuring unit (54) is fixed on mounting platform (1) and opposite corresponding with the first measuring unit (53)
Setting.
2. a kind of fuel pellet real density automatic measuring instrument according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the installation is flat
Platform (1) is concave-shaped structure, and side is provided with coating member in mounting platform (1).
3. a kind of fuel pellet real density automatic measuring instrument according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the weighing mould
Block (2) is mounted on the indentation, there of indent, and the Weighing module (2) bottom is provided with hand-operated lifting platform (23).
4. a kind of fuel pellet real density automatic measuring instrument according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the conveying mould
Block (4) includes pallet (41) and Pneumatic slid platform (43), and the pallet (41) is arranged on Pneumatic slid platform (43), pallet (41) edge
The slideway of Pneumatic slid platform (43) side is mobile.
5. a kind of fuel pellet real density automatic measuring instrument according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the installation is flat
The bottom surface of platform (1) and lift slide (52) opposite position is provided with jacking cylinder (55), the jacking cylinder (55) and liter
Slide (52) connection is dropped.
6. a kind of fuel pellet real density automatic measuring instrument according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the machinery turns
Transporting hand (3) includes revolving platform (37), lifting cylinder (34), shaft (32), gripper jaw (33) and support base (31), the revolution
Platform (37) is arranged on mounting platform (1), and the support base (31) is arranged in revolving platform (37) top, the lifting cylinder
(34) in the support base (31) being located at, the shaft (32) is connect with lifting cylinder (34), and the gripper jaw (33) passes through
Transverse bar is vacantly fixedly connected with shaft (32).
7. a kind of measurement method of fuel pellet real density, which comprises the following steps:
Pellet to be measured and sample container are placed in test chamber, empty the gas in test chamber and reference cavity, exhaust valve is closed, wait press
Power is stablized, and records pressure P1, the test chamber is identical with benchmark cavity volume and is connected to, and test is provided in communicating passage
Valve；
Test valve is closed, gas is injected into reference cavity and records the pressure P2 after stablizing；
Test valve is opened, sample test chamber is connected to reference cavity and records the pressure P3 after stablizing；
Pellet and sample container gross mass M to be measured is measured respectively0；
Pellet real density to be measured is calculated according to for formula (1):
Wherein, M1Indicate sample container quality, V1Indicate test cavity volume, V2Indicate benchmark cavity volume, V3Indicate sample container body
Product.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109870386A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-06-11 | 浙江省工程物探勘察院 | Geotechnical investigation test specimen density measurement system |
| CN109883881A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-14 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | A kind of weighing device, PBX explosive column automatic density tester and its test method |
| CN112683729A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-04-20 | 四川同人精工科技有限公司 | Nuclear fuel plate density measuring device |
| CN112858094A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-28 | 四川同人精工科技有限公司 | Automatic control method and system for core density measuring device |
| CN117949344A (en) * | 2024-03-27 | 2024-04-30 | 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 | Titanium and titanium alloy electrode integrated forming density detection device |
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| CN109883881A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-14 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | A kind of weighing device, PBX explosive column automatic density tester and its test method |
| CN109883881B (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2024-02-13 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | Weighing device, PBX explosive column automatic density tester and testing method thereof |
| CN109870386A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-06-11 | 浙江省工程物探勘察院 | Geotechnical investigation test specimen density measurement system |
| CN109870386B (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2024-06-07 | 浙江省工程物探勘察设计院有限公司 | Sample density testing system for rock-soil investigation test |
| CN112683729A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-04-20 | 四川同人精工科技有限公司 | Nuclear fuel plate density measuring device |
| CN112858094A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-28 | 四川同人精工科技有限公司 | Automatic control method and system for core density measuring device |
| CN117949344A (en) * | 2024-03-27 | 2024-04-30 | 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 | Titanium and titanium alloy electrode integrated forming density detection device |
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