Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of side for improving ramie cadmium concentration coefficient and transporting coefficient
Method can make the concentration coefficient of feeding ramie and transhipment coefficient smaller, and fibre is larger with the concentration coefficient and transhipment coefficient of ramie.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A method of improving ramie cadmium concentration coefficient and transhipment coefficient, the method are as follows: plant in cadmium pollution soil
When feeding ramie, feeding ramie is harvested when plant height 60cm;When planting fibre with ramie in cadmium pollution soil, in the fiber maturation phase
Harvest fibre uses ramie.
Further, for the measuring method of the feeding ramie and the fine concentration coefficient with ramie that are harvested are as follows:
1) the feeding ramie and the fine Cd constituent content in ramie that measurement is harvested according to the following procedure:
1.1) 0.5000g-1.0000g ramie sample is weighed in 100ml triangular flask on demand;
1.2) add 15ml nitric acid-perchloric acid solution into triangular flask, stand overnight, disappear on electric hot plate and boil, emitted to brown cigarette
To the greatest extent, cooling is removed;
1.3) it filters, is settled to 25ml volumetric flask, filtered with middling speed quantitative filter paper, take 10ml to be transferred in centrifuge tube, obtain
To prepare liquid;
1.4) Cd content aas determination in prepare liquid;
2) the Cd constituent content of the cadmium pollution soil is measured according to the following procedure:
2.1) 0.5000g-1.0000g pedotheque is weighed in 100ml triangular flask on demand;
2.2) pedotheque is moistened with deionized water, adds 15m chloroazotic acid-perchloric acid solution, stands overnight, on electric hot plate
Disappear and boil, is emitted to the greatest extent to brown cigarette, remove cooling;
2.3) it filters, is settled to 25ml volumetric flask, filtered with middling speed quantitative filter paper, take 10ml to be transferred in centrifuge tube, obtain
To prepare liquid;
2.4) Cd content aas determination in prepare liquid;
3) cadmium of corresponding ramie sample is finally calculated according to the Cd content of the Cd content of pedotheque and ramie sample
Concentration coefficient:
Feeding ramie concentration coefficient=feeding ramie sample cadmium content/pedotheque cadmium content;
Fibre ramie concentration coefficient=fibre ramie sample cadmium content/pedotheque cadmium content.
Further, in step 1.1), the volume ratio of nitric acid and perchloric acid is 3:1 in the nitric acid-perchloric acid solution.
Further, it in step 1.2), if after brown cigarette emits to the greatest extent, solution still has yellow not digest completely, is added
3ml-5ml perchloric acid, continue to disappear boil to color sample bleach solution it is closely dry until.
Further, in step 2.1), the volume ratio of chloroazotic acid and perchloric acid is 3:1 in the chloroazotic acid-perchloric acid solution.
Further, for the measuring method of the feeding ramie and the fine transhipment coefficient with ramie that are harvested are as follows:
1) to the overground part cadmium content of feeding ramie and underground part cadmium content, fine overground part cadmium content and underground with ramie
Portion's cadmium content is measured, and continuous mode is equal are as follows:
1.1) 0.5000g-1.0000g ramie sample is weighed in 100ml triangular flask on demand;
1.2) add 15ml nitric acid-perchloric acid solution into triangular flask, stand overnight, disappear on electric hot plate and boil, emitted to brown cigarette
To the greatest extent, cooling is removed;
1.3) it filters, is settled to 25ml volumetric flask, filtered with middling speed quantitative filter paper, 10ml is taken to be transferred in centrifuge tube, to
It surveys;
1.4) Cd content aas determination in prepare liquid;
2) contained according to the overground part cadmium content of the feeding ramie of measurement and underground part cadmium content, fibre with the overground part cadmium of ramie
Amount and underground part cadmium content calculate the feeding ramie harvested and the fine transhipment coefficient for using ramie:
Feeding ramie transfer coefficient=feeding ramie overground part cadmium content/feeding ramie underground part cadmium content;
Fine ramie transfer coefficient=fibre ramie aerial part cadmium content/fibre ramie underground part cadmium content.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: it was proved that, when planting ramie in the farmland of heavy metal cadmium, strain
Feeding ramie is harvested when high 60cm, the cadmium concentration coefficient and transhipment coefficient of ramie are smaller, and the cadmium content of ramie is low, ramie underground part
It is lower to overground part turn-over capacity, be conducive to the control of feeding ramie aerial part cadmium content and not exceeded;And in fibre technology
Maturity period harvest is fine to use ramie, and ramie concentration coefficient and transhipment coefficient are enhanced, and the cadmium content of ramie is high, ramie underground part to
Overground part turn-over capacity improves, since cadmium content can be separated in fiber degumming and process without entering environment,
Be conducive to ramee and be enriched with that more cadmiums, to be conducive to ramie underground part more to overground part transhipment from soil with mode
Cadmium, to improve the efficiency of ramie cadmium pollution soil repair.
The present invention is highly important using having to China ramie restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal and multifunctional safe is pushed
Realistic meaning.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below, it should be noted that before following embodiment is with the technical program
It mentions, the detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment.
The present embodiment provides it is a kind of improvement ramie cadmium concentration coefficient and transport coefficient method, specifically: cadmium pollution soil
When planting feeding ramie in earth, ramie is harvested when plant height 60cm;Planted in cadmium pollution soil it is fine when using ramie, in fiber at
Ripe phase harvest fibre uses ramie.
It is further described below by way of performance of the experimental data to the method for the present embodiment.
1, experimental material and research method
1.1, experimental field overview
It tests and was carried out in 2016 in Liuyang Yonghe County town.Yonghe County town belongs to continental season of the middle subtropical zone to north subtropical transition
Wind moist climate region.It makes a clear distinction between the four seasons, hydro-thermal is sufficient, algid stage is short, the hot phase is long, rainy season is obvious, summer and autumn mostly drought, improvements are more early.
16.8 DEG C of temperature on average over the years.Neighbouring Qibaoshan Iron mine abounds with lead, iron, borax, green alum, blue stone, native sulphur, alkali stone etc. in history
" Sapporo " and gain the name.
1.2, material
Test material is 16 Ramie Germplasms.Experimental material comes from Agricultural University Of Hunan's Ramie Germplasms resource garden.Germplasm name
It is shown in Table 1.
1 germ plasm resource register of table
1.3, experimental method
Germ plasm resource of participating in the experiment is in cuttage seeding on June 1 plantation in 2016 in Liuyang City of Hunan Province Yonghe County town village Jia Cheng heavy metal
Pollution amelioration base, random district's groups arrangement, 3 repetitions, each 10 row of cell, every 4 root and stem of certain plants of row, the row root and stem of certain plants is away from 0.63m × 0.5m.Total face
3.0 mu of plot areas of product, soil pH value 5.85, field planting management are carried out by crop field conventional measure.The Cd content in experimental plot
Basic data be 3.94mg/kg.Belong to contaminated conventional farming crop field.
1.3.1 measurement item
1) biological yield and its correlated traits measurement
Broken bar fiber crops are harvested within September 1 day, later, are divided into two pieces of fields, area is 1.5 mu.Wherein, one piece of feeding field of harvest,
When most of germ plasm resource plant height 60cm or so, the gross dry weight of its cell overground part and underground part is measured.Another piece fine for harvest
It ties up field and measures the biological yield of its cell overground part and underground part on November 2nd, 2016 after plantation 2 months.
2) heavy metal Cd assay
Cd element uses nitric acid-perchloric acid wet digestion method in plant sample, and Cd element uses the high chlorine of chloroazotic acid-in pedotheque
Acid disappears cooking method, Cd content aas determination in prepare liquid.
Plant sample resolution: digestion procedure is nitric acid-perchloric acid wet digestion method resolution.0.5000g- is weighed on demand
For 1.0000g plant sample in 100ml triangular flask, each sample sets three Duplicate Samples, adds 15ml nitric acid-perchloric acid solution (3:1),
It stands overnight, (140-200 heats up by hour) disappears and boil on electric hot plate, emits to the greatest extent to brown cigarette, cooling is removed, as solution still has yellow not
Digestion residual completely, is added 3-5ml perchloric acid, continue to disappear boil to color sample bleach solution it is closely dry until.Remove cooling, mistake
Filter, is settled to 25ml volumetric flask, is filtered with middling speed quantitative filter paper, 10ml is taken to be transferred in centrifuge tube, to be measured.
Pedotheque resolution: digestion procedure is chloroazotic acid-perchloric acid electric heating plate method.0.5000g- is weighed on demand
For 1.0000g soil sample in 100ml triangular flask, each sample sets three Duplicate Samples.Sample is moistened with a small amount of deionized water, is added
15ml chloroazotic acid-perchloric acid solution (3:1), other steps and plant sample disappear boil it is identical, it is to be measured.
Concentration coefficient and transhipment coefficient: it is calculated according to the content of beary metal of aboveground vegetation part and under ground portion:
Plant above ground portion content of beary metal=overground part total metals/overground part dry weight;
Overground part total metals=overground part dry weight × overground part content of beary metal;
Concentration coefficient and transhipment coefficient: it is calculated according to the content of beary metal of aboveground vegetation part and under ground portion:
Concentration coefficient (BCF)=plant in-vivo heavy metal content/heavy metal in soil content;
Transport coefficient (TF)=aboveground vegetation part content of beary metal/underground part content of beary metal.
3) sample preparation
(1) pedotheque: according to position and area, each cell fixed point takes a pedotheque, is acquired and is ploughed with soil sampler
It is native (0~20cm) to make layer.It is uniformly mixed, is reduced to 1kg or so with quartering and air-dries, remove wherein chad and plant etc., pulverize,
It mixes, after sieving with 100 mesh sieve, is packed into paper bag, it is to be measured.
(2) plant sample: ramie aerial part and under ground portion are separately acquired, and remove impurity, carefully clear with tap water
The underground part and its stem, leaf for washing ramie plant, are then cleaned with distilled water again, and sieve is used in 105 DEG C of water-removing 30min, 65 DEG C of drying
The pulverizer (DF-25 great virtue continuous dosing pulverizer) that aperture is 0.2mm crushes, and is packed into paper bag, to be measured.
1.4, data statistics and analysis
Data are counted using Excel.Applied statistics analyzes software DPS (7.0).As a result with average ± standard deviation and significantly
Property analysis indicate.
2, result and analysis
2.1, different harvest time Ramie Germplasms resource cadmium concentration coefficients
Concentration coefficient refers to the ratio of plant cadmium content Yu soil cadmium content, and reflection is adsorption energy of the plant to heavy metal
Power.
As shown in table 2,16 Ramie Germplasms resources, when 60cm harvests feed, concentration coefficient is between 0.27-0.75.
Average value is 0.535.
As shown in Table 2,16 Ramie Germplasms resources, when the fiber maturation phase harvesting fiber, concentration coefficient is in 0.52-1.06
Between.Average value is 0.804.
It is shown by table 2, the fiber maturation phase (harvest fiber) increases compared with the concentration coefficient of plant height 60cm (harvest feed)
50.28%
The different harvest time Ramie Germplasms resource cadmium concentration coefficients of table 2
The cadmium of 2.2 different harvest time Ramie Germplasms resources transports coefficient
Transhipment coefficient refers to the ratio of overground part cadmium content Yu underground part cadmium content, and reflection is heavy metal by below
Portion is migrated to the ability of overground part.
As shown in table 3,16 Ramie Germplasms resources when 60cm harvests feed, transport coefficient between 0.33-1.17.It is flat
Mean value is 0.634.
As shown in Table 3,16 Ramie Germplasms resources, the fiber maturation phase harvest fiber when, transhipment coefficient 0.55-1.48 it
Between.Average value is 0.803.
It is shown by table 3, the fiber maturation phase (harvest fiber) increases compared with the transhipment coefficient of plant height 60cm (harvest feed)
26.656%.
The different harvest time Ramie Germplasms resource cadmiums of table 3 transport coefficient
For those skilled in the art, it can be provided various corresponding according to above technical solution and design
Change and modification, and all these change and modification, should be construed as being included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.