CN109026461B - Internal combustion engine air port height adjusting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an air port height adjustment device for an internal combustion engine. The air port is opened on the side wall of a cylinder, and comprises: a driving part; The height adjustment part includes an adjustment rod and a sleeve, one end of the adjustment rod is connected with the center of the turbine, and the other end is connected with an adjustment part, and the adjustment part is arranged at a position deviating from the central axis of the adjustment rod; the sleeve is sleeved near the air port The outer side wall of the cylinder is slidably connected with the outer side wall of the cylinder, the outer side wall of the sleeve is provided with a connecting piece, and the adjusting part is slidably connected with the connecting piece; the controller, the controller is electrically connected with the driving part; the position sensor, the position sensor is arranged on the The shaft end of the turbine obtains the position of the sleeve and transmits the position information to the controller; the controller converts the eccentric rotation of the adjusting rod into the linear motion of the sleeve, thereby realizing the adjustment of the height of the air port.

Description

A device for adjusting the air port height of an internal combustion engine

technical field

The invention relates to an air port height adjustment device for an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to an internal combustion engine air port height adjustment device using a two-stroke air port type ventilation mechanism, which belongs to the technical field of internal combustion engines.

Background technique

The height of the port is the length of the port along the central axis of the cylinder, and the width of the port is the length perpendicular to the central axis of the cylinder and arranged along the circumferential direction of the cylinder; the internal combustion engine of the two-stroke port type ventilation mechanism controls the intake and exhaust through the position of the piston. mouth opening area. Studies have shown that the height of the air port can affect the opening area of the air port, the opening and closing time of the intake and exhaust ports, and the effective compression ratio of the engine. The adjustment method is expanded.

The effective compression ratio of an internal combustion engine using a port ventilation system refers to the volume enclosed by the top surface of the opposed piston and the cylinder when the opposed piston reaches the inner edge of the intake or exhaust port and the combustion when the opposed piston reaches the top dead center. The ratio of chamber volume is an important factor affecting engine power and torque output. For variable compression ratio technology (VCR), it is currently mainly focused on changing the structure of the cylinder head, changing the structure of the cylinder block, and changing the piston and crank connecting rod mechanism. innovative design. Among the mature VCR solutions at home and abroad, the SVC engine of Senova uses the crankshaft to move to change the volume of the combustion chamber, thereby changing the compression ratio; Ford uses the shape structure of the cylinder head to change the combustion with the help of the auxiliary piston or valve in the cylinder head. chamber volume and then change the compression ratio; the British Internal Combustion Engine Research Association and Daimler-Benz both use a variable piston height technology; the French MCE-5 variable compression ratio engine uses the roller-guided piston technology; the VCR engine of Japan Nissan uses multiple Connecting rod system, it can be seen that today's mature and representative variable compression ratio engines are basically realized by changing the design of the piston and crank connecting rod mechanism. However, the above technologies are relatively complex in terms of structural design. Usually, the engine structure needs to be greatly changed, which is difficult to process, and they are all integral designs, which have a relatively large impact on the integrity of the system.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the present invention utilizes the particularity of the port type ventilation mechanism of the two-stroke internal combustion engine, and adopts the method of changing the height of the port to change the opening area of the port, the opening and closing time of the port, and the effective compression ratio to provide new ideas for optimizing the above problems.

The present invention provides an internal combustion engine air port height adjustment device mainly aimed at a two-stroke air port type ventilation mechanism for changing the air port height. The air port of the device is provided on the side wall of the cylinder, and includes:

a driving part, the driving part may preferably be a motor;

a deceleration assembly, the output end of the motor is connected with the input end of the deceleration assembly, and the output end of the deceleration assembly is a worm gear;

a height adjustment part, the height adjustment part includes an adjustment rod and a sleeve, one end of the adjustment rod is connected with the center of the worm wheel, and the other end is connected with an adjustment part, the adjustment part is deviated from the position of the central axis of the adjustment rod set; the sleeve is sleeved on the outer side wall of the cylinder near the air port and is slidably connected with the outer side wall of the cylinder, the outer side wall of the sleeve is provided with a connecting piece, and the adjustment part is connected to the connection Piece sliding connection;

a controller, the controller is electrically connected to the driving part;

a position sensor, which is arranged on the shaft end of the worm gear and is used for acquiring the position information of the sleeve and transmitting it to the controller.

The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: the position sensor of the present invention obtains the position information of the sleeve and transmits it to the controller, the controller sends an instruction to the motor, the motor drives the deceleration assembly and then drives the adjustment rod, and the end of the adjustment rod is provided with the corresponding The eccentrically arranged adjustment part is converted into the linear motion of the sleeve by the eccentric rotation of the adjustment part relative to the adjustment rod, so as to realize the adjustment of the height of the air port. Compared with the design of the lever mechanism to realize the adjustment of the compression ratio, the air port adjustment mechanism of the present invention realizes a modular design, and the adjustment and structural modification of the entire engine system are small; and the entire adjustment mechanism has a simple structure and a clear principle, and can be adjusted according to different According to the engine type and operating conditions, the corresponding control strategy is formulated, which is highly implementable and versatile; through the adjustment of the opening area of the intake and exhaust ports and the adjustment of the valve timing, it is beneficial to adjust the air supply ratio, The parameters such as capture rate and scavenging efficiency are optimized; by adjusting the effective compression ratio of the internal combustion engine, it is beneficial to improve its output torque and power, and reduce the fuel consumption rate of the internal combustion engine to a certain extent.

The above-mentioned position sensor of the present invention can be an angle sensor, and the angle sensor is used to obtain the data of the rotation angle of the shaft end of the worm gear to obtain the position of the sleeve and transmit the position of the adjustment sleeve to the controller, and the controller controls the operation of the motor .

Preferably, the above-mentioned controller adopts closed-loop control. The position sensor at the shaft end of the worm gear feeds back the position signal to the controller, the controller sends an instruction to the motor, and the motor drives the deceleration assembly and the deceleration assembly to drive the connecting sleeve to achieve precise adjustment of the air port height.

Preferably, an elongated groove is formed on the connecting piece, and the adjusting portion is located in the groove and is relatively slidably connected along the length direction of the elongated groove, that is, the adjusting portion rotates along with the adjusting rod. Slide one side toward the other end of the groove.

When the adjusting rod is activated to adjust the height of the air port, the adjusting part moves in an arc with the adjusting rod as the center and the adjusting part slides relative to the elongated groove, driving the connecting piece fixed on the outer side wall of the sleeve along the The direction of the central axis of the cylinder wall makes a translational movement to realize the height adjustment of the air port.

Preferably, the deceleration assembly includes a primary deceleration mechanism and a secondary deceleration mechanism, the output end of the secondary deceleration mechanism is a worm gear, the input end of the primary deceleration mechanism is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the The primary reduction mechanism and the secondary reduction mechanism are drive-connected.

Preferably, the secondary reduction mechanism includes a worm and a worm wheel, one end of the worm is drivingly connected to the primary reduction mechanism, and the other end of the worm is a threaded section and is drivingly connected to the worm wheel.

Preferably, the first-stage reduction mechanism includes a first gear and a second gear, the second gear has a radius larger than that of the first gear and is meshed with the first gear, and the first gear is connected with the output shaft of the motor, The second gear is coaxially connected with one end of the worm. The tooth pitch of the first gear and the second gear may be approximately the same, and the rotation speed of the gear is reduced by increasing the radius of the gear during the power transmission process from the first gear to the second gear.

The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical scheme is: the secondary deceleration subsystem adopts the meshing transmission of worm gear, and the worm gear and worm transmission is used to transmit motion and power between the staggered shafts. In this system, the angle between the two shafts is 90 degrees. . The worm gear has a large transmission ratio, compact structure, and has the advantages of small size and light weight; the meshing of the worm teeth with the worm gear teeth is continuous, and the worm gear teeth do not enter and exit the meshing process, so the work is stable and the impact noise is small; more important The only thing is that the transmission is self-locking, the worm can only drive the worm gear, and the worm cannot drive the worm to prevent reverse rotation, which plays a good role in positioning the adjusting sleeve.

Preferably, the other end of the adjusting rod is coaxially provided with a disc, the upper surface of the disc is fixedly connected with the other end of the adjusting rod, and the lower surface of the disc is fixedly connected with the adjusting portion, The diameter of the disc is larger than the diameter of the adjustment rod

Preferably, the sliding connection end is a cylindrical boss extending in a direction away from the disk with the lower surface of the disk as a reference surface. The eccentric rotation of the boss relative to the adjusting rod is converted into the linear motion of the sleeve, thereby realizing the adjustment of the height of the air port.

The present invention also provides an internal combustion engine, comprising the internal combustion engine air port height adjusting device and a body, wherein the internal combustion engine air port height adjusting device is installed in the body.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only It is an embodiment of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 accompanying drawing is the structural representation of the present invention;

Figure 2 accompanying drawing is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a deceleration assembly of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting rod of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an internal combustion engine with a port height adjustment device;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the height adjustment process of the air port.

Among them, 1-body, 2-intake piston, 3-injector A, 4-air port adjustment mechanism, 5-exhaust piston, 6-crankshaft, 7-exhaust port, 8-injector B, 9- Radiator, 10-air inlet, 11-adjusting rod, 12-worm gear, 13-gear A, 14-motor, 15-chassis, 16-fixing rod, 17-gear B, 18-worm, 19-cylinder outside Wall, 20-Adjusting Sleeve, 21-A-A' Shaft, 22-B-B' Shaft, 23-Boss, 24-Connector, 25-Groove.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1-4, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a device for adjusting the air port height of an internal combustion engine, which is used for a two-stroke internal combustion engine with a port type ventilation structure, including:

The driving part, the driving part can be the motor 14;

The deceleration assembly, the output shaft of the motor 14 is connected with the input end of the deceleration assembly, and the output end of the deceleration assembly is the worm gear 12;

The height adjustment part 4 includes an adjustment rod 11 and a sleeve 20, one end of the adjustment rod 11 is connected with the center of the worm wheel 12, and the other end is connected with an adjustment part, and the adjustment part deviates from the adjustment rod The position of the central axis of 11 is set; the sleeve 20 is sleeved on the outer side wall 19 of the cylinder near the air port and is slidably connected with the outer side wall 19 of the cylinder, and the outer side wall of the sleeve 20 is provided with a connecting piece 24. 24 sliding connection;

There are two sleeves 20, which are respectively sleeved on the outer side walls of the two cylinders arranged in parallel, and the air inlet 10 and the exhaust port 7 are respectively arranged on them, and are slidably connected with the outer side walls 19 of the respective cylinders, The two sleeves 20 are connected by a connecting piece 24, the connecting piece can be a connecting plate, and the adjusting part is slidably connected with the connecting piece;

a controller, the controller is electrically connected with the driving part;

Position sensor, the position sensor is arranged on the end of the worm gear shaft, the position sensor can be an angle sensor, and the data of the rotation angle of the shaft end of the worm gear is obtained through the angle sensor and transmitted to the controller; the controller controls the operation of the driving part, and then drives and The connection sleeve of the reduction assembly moves in the direction of the height of the port.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the other end of the adjusting rod 11 may be coaxially provided with a circular disk, the upper surface of the circular disk is fixedly connected with the other end of the adjusting rod 11, and the lower surface of the circular disk is connected to the other end of the adjusting rod 11. The regulating part is fixedly connected, and the diameter of the disc is larger than the diameter of the regulating rod 11;

In the embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting portion may be a cylindrical boss 23; the central axis BB' axis 22 of the boss is offset from the central axis AA' axis 21 of the adjusting rod; the connecting member 24 is provided with The groove 25 and the boss 23 are slidably connected with the groove 25 .

In the embodiment of the present invention, the controller may adopt closed-loop control. The position sensor at the sleeve 20 feeds back the position signal to the controller, the controller sends an instruction to the motor 14, and the motor 14 drives the height adjustment system for further adjustment, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the height of the air port.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the air port height adjusting device 4 is compactly arranged in the casing 15 , the modification to the original structure is small, and the influence on the body 1 can be ignored.

The deceleration assembly includes a primary deceleration mechanism and a secondary deceleration mechanism. The output end of the secondary deceleration mechanism is the worm gear 12, the input end of the primary deceleration mechanism is connected with the output shaft of the motor 14, and the primary deceleration mechanism and the secondary deceleration mechanism are connected by transmission. .

The above-mentioned secondary reduction mechanism includes a worm 18 and the worm wheel 12, one end of the worm 18 is drivingly connected with the primary reduction mechanism, and the other end of the worm 18 is a threaded section and is drivingly connected with the worm wheel 12;

The first-stage reduction mechanism includes a first gear 13 and a second gear 17. The radius of the second gear 17 is larger than that of the first gear 13 and is meshed with it. The first gear 13 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 14, and the second gear 17 is connected to the One end of the worm 18 is connected in a coaxial transmission. The first deceleration effect is realized by changing the transmission ratio through the first-stage deceleration mechanism formed by the second gear 17 and the first gear 13;

The two-stage reduction system adopts the meshing transmission of the worm gear 12 and the worm 18, and the worm gear 12 and the worm 18 transmission are used to transmit motion and power between the staggered shafts. In this system, the angle between the two shafts is 90 degrees. The worm gear 12 and the worm gear 18 have a large transmission ratio, compact structure, and have the advantages of small size and light weight; the worm gear 18 teeth mesh with the worm gear 12 teeth continuously, and the worm gear 12 teeth do not enter and exit the meshing process, so the work is stable and impactful Low noise; more importantly, the transmission is self-locking, the worm 18 can only drive the worm wheel 12 to drive, and the worm wheel 12 cannot drive the worm 18 to drive, so as to prevent reverse rotation and play a good role in positioning the adjustment sleeve 20.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the present invention also provides an internal combustion engine, including an internal combustion engine air port height adjustment device and a body 1, in which an intake piston 2, an intake port 10, and an exhaust port 7 are sequentially arranged from left to right in the body 1. , exhaust piston 5, crankshaft 6, the upper and lower sides between the intake port 10 and the exhaust port 7 are respectively provided with fuel injector A3 and fuel injector B8 with cooling fins 9, and 4 sets of air port height adjustment devices It is arranged on the outside of the intake port 10 and the exhaust port 7 and is slidably connected to the outer side wall 19 of the cylinder.

The specific working process is as follows:

According to the requirements of the specific working conditions, the controller sends an instruction to make the motor 14 run, which drives the first gear 13 to rotate and then drives the second gear 17 meshing with it. Transmission, the worm wheel 12 rotates, driving the adjusting rod 11 to rotate, the boss 23 rotates around the AA' axis 21, thereby driving the sleeve 20 to move along the central axis of the cylinder outer side wall 19, the rotation track and the movement track of the sleeve 20 are shown in Figure 6 As shown by the dotted line; the position signal is fed back to the controller through the position sensor arranged on the shaft end of the worm gear, the controller sends an instruction to the motor 14, and the motor 14 drives the height adjustment system for further adjustment, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the height of the air port.

According to different working conditions, the adjustment rules of the height of the intake and exhaust ports 7 are roughly as follows:

When the engine speed increases, to a certain extent, the height of the exhaust port 7 needs to be increased. When the exhaust duration becomes shorter, the exhaust volume can be increased, and the pressure in the cylinder is reduced at the same time, and the pressure difference of the intake air is increased. ; For the intake port 10, when the intake duration is shortened, the height of the intake port 10 needs to be increased to increase the intake air volume, but at the same time, the compression ratio will also be reduced, so specific adjustments need to be made after weighing. When the engine load increases, the fuel supply will increase, and the cylinder pressure will increase. To a certain extent, it is necessary to increase the height of the exhaust port 7 to increase the exhaust volume, reduce the in-cylinder pressure, and increase the intake pressure difference; at the same time increase The height of the intake port 10 is to increase the amount of intake air to achieve the required air-fuel ratio for operation.

The engine system adopts series compound supercharging. When the height of the exhaust port 7 is increased, the exhaust volume per unit time increases, the energy obtained by the turbo 12 supercharger increases, the energy utilization rate of the exhaust gas increases, and the entire engine system is improved. When the height of the intake port 10 is increased, the intake air volume per unit time increases, and under the same working conditions, the required power of the supercharging system is reduced, thereby increasing the effective power output by the crankshaft 6.

The invention provides an air port height adjustment device for an internal combustion engine, which utilizes the eccentric rotation of the adjusting rod to convert the eccentric rotation of the sleeve into the linear motion of the sleeve, thereby realizing the adjustment of the air port height. Compared with the design of the connecting rod mechanism to realize the adjustment of the compression ratio, the air port adjustment mechanism of the present invention realizes the modular design, and the adjustment and structural modification of the entire engine system are relatively small; and the entire adjustment mechanism has a simple structure and a clear principle, which can be adjusted according to the For different engine types and operating conditions, formulate corresponding control strategies, which are highly achievable and versatile; through the adjustment of the opening area of the intake and exhaust ports and the adjustment of the valve timing, it is beneficial to adjust the air supply ratio during the ventilation process. , capture rate, scavenging efficiency and other parameters are optimized; by adjusting the effective compression ratio of the internal combustion engine, it is beneficial to improve its output torque and power, and reduce the fuel consumption rate of the internal combustion engine to a certain extent.

The secondary reduction subsystem adopts the meshing transmission of worm gears, which are used to transmit motion and power between the staggered shafts. In this system, the angle between the two shafts is 90 degrees. The worm gear has a large transmission ratio, compact structure, and has the advantages of small size and light weight; the meshing of the worm teeth with the worm gear teeth is continuous, and the worm gear teeth do not enter and exit the meshing process, so the work is stable and the impact noise is small; more important The only thing is that the transmission is self-locking, the worm can only drive the worm gear, and the worm cannot drive the worm to prevent reverse rotation, which plays a good role in positioning the adjusting sleeve.

The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant part can be referred to the description of the method.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides an internal-combustion engine gas port height adjusting device, the gas port is seted up on the lateral wall of cylinder, its characterized in that includes:

a drive section;

the output end of the driving part is connected with the input end of the speed reducing component, and the output end of the speed reducing component is a worm wheel (12);

the height adjusting part (4) comprises an adjusting rod (11) and a sleeve (20), one end of the adjusting rod (11) is connected with the center of the worm wheel (12), the other end of the adjusting rod is connected with an adjusting part, and the adjusting part is arranged at a position deviating from the central axis of the adjusting rod (11); the sleeve (20) is sleeved on the outer side wall (19) of the cylinder close to the air port and is in sliding connection with the outer side wall (19) of the cylinder, a connecting piece (24) is arranged on the outer side wall of the sleeve (20), and the adjusting portion is in sliding connection with the connecting piece (24); the connecting piece (24) is provided with a strip-shaped groove (25), and the adjusting part is positioned in the groove (25) and is in relative sliding connection along the length direction of the groove (25);

a controller electrically connected to the driving part;

and the position sensor is arranged at the worm wheel shaft end and used for acquiring the position information of the sleeve and transmitting the position information to the controller.

2. An internal combustion engine gas port height adjusting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the driving part is an electric motor (14), and an output shaft of the electric motor (14) is connected with an input end of the speed reducing assembly.

3. The internal combustion engine gas port height adjusting device of claim 2, wherein the speed reduction assembly comprises a primary speed reduction mechanism and a secondary speed reduction mechanism, the output end of the secondary speed reduction mechanism is a worm wheel (12), the input end of the primary speed reduction mechanism is connected with the output shaft of the motor (14), and the primary speed reduction mechanism and the secondary speed reduction mechanism are in transmission connection.

4. The internal combustion engine gas port height adjusting device of claim 3, wherein the secondary speed reducing mechanism comprises a worm (18) and the worm wheel (12), one end of the worm (18) is in transmission connection with the primary speed reducing mechanism, and the other end of the worm (18) is in threaded section and is in transmission connection with the worm wheel (12).

5. An internal combustion engine gas port height adjusting device according to claim 4, characterized in that the primary speed reducing mechanism comprises a first gear (13) and a second gear (17), the second gear (17) has a larger radius than the first gear (13) and is in meshed connection with the first gear, the first gear (13) is connected with an output shaft of the motor (14), and the second gear (17) is in coaxial transmission connection with one end of the worm (18).

6. An internal combustion engine port height adjusting apparatus as set forth in claim 5, wherein one end of said worm (18) is keyed to said second gear (17).

7. An internal combustion engine gas port height adjusting device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the other end of the adjusting rod (11) is coaxially provided with a disc, the upper surface of the disc is fixedly connected with the other end of the adjusting rod (11), the lower surface of the disc is fixedly connected with the adjusting part, and the diameter of the disc is larger than that of the adjusting rod (11).

8. An internal combustion engine port height adjusting apparatus as set forth in claim 7, wherein said adjusting portion is a cylindrical boss (23) extending away from said disc with reference to a lower surface of said disc.

9. An internal combustion engine, characterized by comprising the internal combustion engine port height adjusting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and a machine body (1), the internal combustion engine port height adjusting apparatus being installed in the machine body (1).

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