CN109026239A - A kind of nuclear reactor combined solar solar-thermal generating system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of nuclear reactor combined solar solar-thermal generating systems, including first circulation circuit, second circulation circuit, third circulation loop, the first circulation circuit is equipped with nuclear reactor, heat exchanger, the heat that the nuclear reactor generates is passed in heat exchanger by first circulation circuit upper circular tube road, the second circulation circuit is equipped with solar energy heat collecting module and steam generator, the heat transfer that solar energy heat collecting module and nuclear reactor generate is generated steam to steam generator by the second circulation circuit, the steam is transported to the Steam Actuation steam turbine on third circulation loop, the Steam Actuation steam turbine drives electrical power generators.The present invention combines nuclear reactor with solar light-heat power-generation, form nuclear reactor combined solar solar-thermal generating system, solve the problems, such as solar energy optical-thermal night cannot generate electricity and therefore caused by unit frequent start-stop, improve the stability of solar light-heat power-generation.

Description

A nuclear reactor combined with solar thermal power generation system

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of application of new energy and renewable energy, and in particular relates to a nuclear reactor combined solar photothermal power generation system.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the world economy and the increase in energy demand, countries pay special attention to the development and utilization of new energy and renewable energy. Solar energy is a kind of renewable energy with extremely rich resources. Its development and utilization are clean and pollution-free, which will help to solve the current atmospheric environment problems in our country. Solar thermal power generation is a technology that collects sunlight through heat collectors to generate steam, and uses steam to drive steam turbines to generate electricity. Due to the intermittent and fluctuating nature of solar energy, solar thermal power generation faces the inability to generate electricity at night and the frequent occurrence of units caused by this. The problem of starting and stopping, and it is greatly affected by natural weather during daytime power generation, the ability to control the output power is poor, and even affects the stable operation of the power grid.

Solar thermal power generation technology needs to be further developed. Publication number: CN106677990A, the patent name is solar thermal power generation system, which discloses a complementary system of wind power generation and solar thermal power generation, which improves the utilization rate of wind power generation and solves some "abandoned wind" However, both wind power and solar thermal power generation are affected by natural weather, and the stability of solar thermal power generation after the combination of the two has not been completely resolved. Patent application number: 201120305189.7, the patent name is a double-tank molten salt heat storage system, using double-tank molten salt for heat storage, which solves the problem of solar thermal power generation shutting down at night, but the heat storage capacity of molten salt tanks is generally only a few hours For more than ten hours, solar thermal power generation is still relatively passive, and does not have good power regulation ability and regulation flexibility. Publication number: CN106837717A, the patent name is a solar thermal power generation and biomass energy complementary power generation system, which uses burning biomass to supplement steam and improves the stability of solar thermal power generation, but burning biomass will produce smoke that pollutes the atmosphere. Make solar thermal power generation lose its environmental protection advantages. Publication number: CN107576083A, the patent name is trough-type solar gas complementary thermal power generation device, which uses combustion gas to supplement the heat of the solar thermal power generation system, prolonging the hours of power generation, but also produces greenhouse gases and pollutes the atmospheric environment. Patent application number: 201210549619.9, the patent name is solar energy and wind energy complementary heat and electricity cogeneration system, which complements wind power generation and solar thermal power generation and improves the utilization rate of wind energy, but there is a large gap between wind power generation and solar thermal power generation Volatility is affected by natural weather. Even combining the two cannot fundamentally guarantee the stability of solar thermal power generation, and it converts high-grade electric energy from wind into low-grade heat energy, and uses these heat energy to regenerate Heating the steam generates electricity, thereby reducing the efficiency of the overall system.

Nuclear energy is an efficient and clean energy, which is more and more accepted by the public. Increasing the proportion of nuclear energy in the installed capacity of electric power is one of the effective ways to reduce smog and air pollution in our country. Combining nuclear energy with solar thermal power generation to form a nuclear reactor combined solar thermal power generation system can not only solve the problem of solar thermal power not being able to generate electricity at night and the frequent start and stop of units caused by this, but also improve the adjustment flexibility of solar thermal power generation. It is especially suitable for power grid peak regulation, and will not cause pollution to the atmospheric environment.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and propose a nuclear reactor combined solar thermal power generation system, which combines the nuclear reactor with solar thermal power generation to form a nuclear reactor combined solar thermal power generation system, which solves the problem that solar thermal power cannot be generated at night And the frequent start-stop problem of the unit caused by it improves the stability of solar thermal power generation.

The invention provides a nuclear reactor combined with solar thermal power generation system, comprising a first circulation loop, a second circulation loop, and a third circulation loop, the first circulation loop is provided with a nuclear reactor and a heat exchanger, and the nuclear reactor produces The heat is introduced into the heat exchanger through the circulation pipe on the first circulation loop, and the heat exchanger transfers the heat to the second circulation loop, and the solar heat collection module and the steam generator are arranged on the second circulation loop, so The second circulation loop transfers the heat generated by the solar heat collection module and the nuclear reactor to the steam generator to generate steam, and the steam sent to the third circulation loop drives the steam turbine, and the steam drives the steam turbine to drive the generator to generate electricity.

As a preferred means, the nuclear reactor includes a liquid metal chamber and a core, the core is arranged in a liquid metal chamber filled with liquid metal, and a liquid outlet circulation pipe and a liquid return circulation are arranged between the liquid metal chamber and the heat exchanger The liquid return circulation pipe is provided with a main pump, and the liquid metal chamber is provided with a power control unit for controlling the nuclear reactor.

As a further preferred means, the second circulation loop is also provided with a flow control unit, a temperature detection unit, a circulation pump, and an isolation valve, and the position where the heat exchanger transfers heat to the second circulation loop is provided with a flow control unit. unit, a temperature detection unit is provided between the flow control unit and the steam generator, a circulating pump is provided between the steam generator and the heat exchanger, and an isolation unit is provided between the heat exchanger and the solar heat collection module valve.

As a further preferred means, the third circulation circuit is also provided with a condenser and a feedwater pump, the condenser condenses the steam discharged from the steam turbine into liquid water, and the feedwater pump pumps the liquid water into the steam generator.

As a further preferred means, one of trough-type, tube-type, tower-type or Fresnel-type solar heat collection systems is installed in the solar heat collection module.

As a further preferred means, the liquid metal includes single-phase metal or multiple metal alloys.

As a further preferred means, heat conduction oil or molten salt is used in the pipeline of the second circulation loop for heat conduction.

As a further preferred method, the heat transfer oil is one of alkylbenzene type, alkylnaphthalene type, alkylbiphenyl type, biphenyl and diphenyl ether low-melting mixture type, alkyl diphenyl ether type, and mineral type As a heat carrier heat transfer oil.

As a further preferred means, the molten salt is one of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal halide, nitrate, sulfate melt, binary salt, ternary salt, and polybasic salt as a heat transfer salt for the heat carrier.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The present invention combines nuclear reactors with solar thermal power generation to form a nuclear reactor combined solar thermal power generation system, which solves the problem that solar thermal power cannot be generated at night and the frequent start-up and stop of units caused by this, and improves solar thermal power generation. Stability of thermal power generation.

2. Compared with the conventional photothermal power generation system with energy storage function, the power adjustment range of the present invention is wider, the adjustment speed is faster, the adjustment flexibility is higher, and it is not affected by day and night, cloudy and rainy weather, and is especially suitable for power grids peak shaving.

3. The solar thermal and nuclear reactors of the present invention share steam turbines, generators and other equipment, which saves equipment investment, improves energy comprehensive utilization efficiency, and reduces power generation costs.

4. The present invention maintains the environmental protection characteristics of solar thermal power generation and will not cause pollution to the atmospheric environment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a nuclear reactor combined with solar thermal power generation system according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1, the first circulation loop; 2, the second circulation loop; 3, the third circulation loop; 101, the nuclear reactor; 102, the liquid metal chamber; 103, the core; 104, the power control unit; 105, the main pump; 201. Solar collector module; 202. Heat exchanger; 203. Flow control unit; 204. Temperature detection unit; 205. Circulation pump; 206. Isolation valve; 301. Steam driven steam turbine; device; 304, feed water pump; 305, steam generator.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:

A nuclear reactor combined with solar thermal power generation system of the present invention includes a first circulation loop 1, a second circulation loop 2, and a third circulation loop 3. The first circulation loop 1 is provided with a nuclear reactor 101 and a heat exchanger 202, The heat generated by the nuclear reactor 101 is introduced into the heat exchanger 202 through the upper circulation pipe of the first circulation loop 1, and the heat exchanger 202 transfers the heat to the second circulation loop 2, and the second circulation loop 2 is equipped with There is a solar heat collection module 201 and a steam generator 305, and the second circulation loop 2 transfers the heat generated by the solar heat collection module 201 and the nuclear reactor 101 to the steam generator 305 to generate steam, and the steam is transported to the third circulation loop 3 The steam above drives the steam turbine 301, and the steam drives the steam turbine 301 to drive the generator 302 to generate electricity.

The heat exchanger 202 can achieve the heat exchange effect and can be purchased in the market.

The nuclear reactor 101 is a nuclear fission reactor, including various reactor types such as fast neutron reactors and thermal neutron reactors, and the coolant used in the reactor 101 is liquid metal.

The circulation media in the three circulation loops of the first circulation loop 1 , the second circulation loop 2 and the third circulation loop 3 are mutually isolated. Wherein, the first circulation loop 1 is a liquid metal circulation loop, which is used to take out the nuclear heat generated in the nuclear reactor 101, and the high-temperature liquid metal 102 flowing out from the nuclear reactor 101 conducts convection with the medium in the second circulation loop 2 through the heat exchanger 202 Heat exchange, transfer heat to the second circulation loop 2. The second circulation loop 2 is a heat conduction oil or molten salt circulation loop, and the second circulation loop 2 includes two branches on the solar heat collection module 201 and the heat exchanger 202, and the solar heat collection module 201 converts sunlight into heat energy The heat exchanger 202 is used to absorb the nuclear heat generated by the nuclear reactor 101 , and the two branches join at the flow control unit 203 , and the condensed water in the third circulation loop 3 is heated by the steam generator 305 to generate steam. The third circulation circuit 3 is a steam circulation circuit. The steam generated by the steam generator 305 is used to drive the steam turbine 301 to rotate to drive the generator 302 to generate electricity, so as to convert solar energy and nuclear energy into electric energy. The invention can solve the problem that solar thermal power generation cannot be generated at night and the frequent start and stop of the unit caused by this, and improves the stability of solar thermal power generation. For example, the solar heat collection module 201 cannot collect heat at night, and the heat is supplied to the third circulation loop 3 through the branch of the heat exchanger 202 to generate steam, and the steam turbine 301 and the generator 302 can continue to generate electricity, so there is no need to shut down and wait for the next day to restart .

The nuclear reactor 101 includes a liquid metal chamber 102 and a core 103, the core 103 is arranged in the liquid metal chamber 102 filled with liquid metal, and a liquid outlet circulation pipe is arranged between the liquid metal chamber 102 and the heat exchanger 202 and a liquid return circulation pipe, a main pump 105 is provided on the liquid return circulation pipe, and a power control unit 104 for controlling the nuclear reactor 101 is provided outside the liquid metal chamber 102 . The power control unit 104 is used to control the nuclear fission reaction speed of the core 103 in the nuclear reactor 101, and any existing control unit that can achieve the control effect can be used.

The high-temperature liquid metal 102 heated by the core 103 enters the heat exchanger 202 to be cooled, and is driven back into the reactor 101 by the main pump 105 , and then enters the next cycle after being heated by the core 103 . The power control unit 104 is used to control the nuclear fission reaction speed of the nuclear reactor 101, the main pump 105 is used to control the flow rate of the liquid metal in the first circulation loop 1, and the power control unit 104 and the main pump 105 are used to control the heat output of the nuclear reactor 101 power. For example, when it is necessary to increase the thermal output power of the nuclear reactor 101, the main pump 105 is preferred to increase the flow rate of the liquid metal to quickly reach the target value thermal output power. Since the operating temperature of the liquid metal is very high, it can reach 1000°C or even higher. There is a certain amount of high-temperature liquid metal reserves in the reactor 101, and the cooling process of the liquid metal gives the power control unit 104 enough time to adjust the thermal power of the nuclear reactor 101 to meet the demand. The arrangement of the power control unit 104 and the liquid metal chamber 102 enables the present invention to have the beneficial effects of wider power adjustment range and faster adjustment speed than conventional liquid metal nuclear reactors.

The second circulation loop 2 is also provided with a flow control unit 203, a temperature detection unit 204, a circulation pump 205, and an isolation valve 206. The position where the heat exchanger 202 transfers heat to the second circulation loop 2 is provided with a flow rate A control unit 203, a temperature detection unit 204 is provided between the flow control unit 203 and the steam generator 305, a circulating pump 205 is provided between the steam generator 305 and the heat exchanger 202, and the heat exchanger 202 and the An isolation valve 206 is provided between the solar heat collection modules 201 . The flow control unit 203 cooperates with the isolation valve 206 to control the two branches of the solar heat collection module 201 and the heat exchanger 202 to operate separately or jointly at the same time, with high flexibility. For example, when the solar module 201 is overhauled, the operation of the branch can be stopped through the flow control unit 203 and the isolation valve 206, while the heat exchange heat 202 branch and the nuclear reactor 101 can continue to generate electricity. The flow control unit 203 is a flow control valve, which is used to control the flow rate of heat transfer oil or molten salt, and is purchased from the market. The temperature detection unit 204 is used to detect the temperature of the heat transfer oil or molten salt on the second circulation loop 2 and has a digital display function.

The second circulation loop 2 is composed of a solar heat collection module 201 sequentially connected to a flow control unit 203 , a temperature detection unit 204 , a steam generator 305 , a circulation pump 205 , and an isolation valve 206 . Wherein, the branch circuit of heat exchanger 202 is connected in parallel with the branch circuit of solar heat collecting module 201, that is, the second circulation loop has two kinds of energy inputs of solar energy and nuclear energy, and the flow control unit 203 is used to control the input ratio of the two kinds of energy of solar energy and nuclear energy, the flow rate The control unit 203 cooperates with the temperature detection unit 204 to control the thermal output power of the solar heat collection module 201 and the nuclear reactor 101 and the total thermal output power of the second circulation loop 2 respectively. For example, when the total thermal power demand is 100%, and the solar collector module 201 can provide 70% of the maximum under the environment at that time, the flow control unit 203 can control the nuclear reactor 101 to provide the remaining 30%, and can also control the two to provide 50% respectively. or other ratios; the flow control unit can cooperate with the temperature detection unit 204 and the circulation pump 205 to change the total heat output power of the second circulation loop 2 by changing the temperature and flow parameters of the second circulation loop 2 . Compared with the conventional photothermal power generation system with energy storage function, the power regulation of the present invention is more flexible, and it is not affected by day, night, cloudy and rainy weather, and is especially suitable for power grid peak regulation.

The third circulation circuit 3 is also provided with a condenser 303 and a feedwater pump 304, the condenser 303 condenses the steam discharged from the steam turbine 301 into liquid water, and the feedwater pump 304 pumps the liquid water into the steam generator 305 .

The solar heat collection module 201 is provided with one of trough, tube, tower or Fresnel solar heat collection systems.

The liquid metal includes a single-phase metal or a plurality of metal alloys. Such as sodium, lead, lead alloys, etc. The thermal conductivity of liquid metal is high, which increases the regulation speed of the nuclear reactor 101 .

Heat conduction oil or molten salt is used in the pipeline of the second circulation loop 2 for heat conduction. The heat transfer oil is one of alkylbenzene type, alkylnaphthalene type, alkylbiphenyl type, biphenyl and diphenyl ether low-melting mixture type, alkyl diphenyl ether type, and mineral type as a heat carrier for heat transfer. Oil. The molten salt is one of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal halide, nitrate, sulfate melt, binary salt, ternary salt, and multi-element salt as a heat carrier heat transfer salt.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Accordingly, the embodiments should be regarded in all points of view as exemplary and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes within the meaning and range of equivalents of the elements are embraced in the present invention.

In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not each implementation mode only contains an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in the various embodiments can also be properly combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

The present invention is not limited to the above description of the embodiments, and those skilled in the art should, according to the contents disclosed in the present invention, make improvements and modifications without creative work on the basis of the present invention, all should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A nuclear reactor united solar thermal power generation system, characterized in that: comprising a first circulation loop (1), a second circulation loop (2), a third circulation loop (3), the first circulation loop (1) A nuclear reactor (101) and a heat exchanger (202) are arranged on it, and the heat generated by the nuclear reactor (101) is passed into the heat exchanger (202) through the upper circulation pipe of the first circulation loop (1), and the heat exchange The device (202) transfers heat to the second circulation loop (2), and the solar heat collection module (201) and the steam generator (305) are arranged on the second circulation loop (2), and the second circulation loop ( 2) transfer the heat generated by the solar heat collection module (201) and the nuclear reactor (101) to the steam generator (305) to generate steam, and the steam is transported to the steam on the third circulation loop (3) to drive the steam turbine (301), The steam drives the steam turbine (301) to drive the generator (302) to generate electricity. 2. A nuclear reactor combined solar thermal power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nuclear reactor (101) comprises a liquid metal chamber (102) and a core (103), and the core (103) It is arranged in a liquid metal chamber (102) filled with liquid metal, and a liquid outlet circulation pipe and a liquid return circulation pipe are arranged between the liquid metal chamber (102) and the heat exchanger (202). On the liquid return circulation pipe A main pump (105) is provided, and a power control unit (104) for controlling the nuclear reactor (101) is provided outside the liquid metal chamber (102). 3. A nuclear reactor integrated solar thermal power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second circulation loop (2) is also provided with a flow control unit (203), a temperature detection unit (204), Circulation pump (205), isolation valve (206), said heat exchanger (202) is provided with flow control unit (203) on the position that heat is transferred to the second circulation circuit (2), and said flow control unit (203 ) and the steam generator (305) are provided with a temperature detection unit (204), and a circulation pump (205) is provided between the steam generator (305) and the heat exchanger (202), and the heat exchanger ( 202) and the solar heat collecting module (201) are provided with an isolation valve (206). 4. A nuclear reactor combined solar thermal power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a condenser (303) and a feedwater pump (304) are also provided on the third circulation loop (3), so that The condenser (303) condenses the steam discharged from the steam turbine (301) into liquid water, and the feed water pump (304) pumps the liquid water into the steam generator (305). 5. A nuclear reactor combined solar thermal power generation system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: the solar heat collection module (201) is equipped with a trough type, a tube type, a tower type or a phenanthrene One of the Niel solar thermal collection systems. 6 . The nuclear reactor integrated solar thermal power generation system according to claim 2 , wherein the liquid metal includes single-phase metal or multiple metal alloys. 7 . 7 . The nuclear reactor combined with solar thermal power generation system according to claim 1 , characterized in that: heat transfer oil or molten salt is used in the pipeline of the second circulation loop ( 2 ) for heat conduction. 7 . 8. A nuclear reactor combined solar thermal power generation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: the heat transfer oil is alkylbenzene type, alkylnaphthalene type, alkylbiphenyl type, biphenyl and diphenyl ether One of low melting mixture type, alkyl diphenyl ether type and mineral type is used as heat transfer oil for heat carrier. 9. A nuclear reactor combined solar thermal power generation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: said molten salt is a melt of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal halide, nitrate, sulfate, binary salt, One of the ternary salt and multi-element salt is used as the heat transfer salt of the heat carrier.