CN109026009B - Mining head for cobalt-rich crust of submarine mineral resources - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-rotary cutter head mining head integrating cobalt-rich crust stripping and ore collection, which is used for cutting and collecting cobalt-rich crust lamellar ores in deep sea. The mining head mainly comprises a hydraulic collecting mechanism, a mounting disc, a hydraulic damper, a cutter head mounting journal and a bearing system. The mining head is arranged on a submarine operation vehicle, and the operation vehicle drives the mining head to move. The hydraulic motor drives the installation coil to rotate around the central shaft, the three rotary cutters rotate around the central shaft of the installation coil, the crust is cut by utilizing a high-speed rotating speed to separate the crust from the bedrock, and the three cutter heads are matched to rotate to concentrate the peeled crust blocks at the central position of the mining head; the hydraulic collecting mechanism generates negative pressure, and the crusting blocks are sucked into the bin of the hydraulic collecting mechanism along with water flow, so that the hydraulic collecting mechanism has the characteristics of high ore collecting efficiency, sensitive micro-topography and the like. The mining and collecting mechanism is integrated, so that the mining head is compact in structure and lower in mineral collecting energy consumption, the mining head can be attached to the ground through the independent hydraulic shock absorber structure of the cutter disc, and the crushing efficiency is improved.

Description

A mining head for cobalt-rich crusts of seabed mineral resources

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of seawall engineering operation equipment, and specifically designs a mining head for cobalt-rich crusts of seabed mineral resources.

Background technique

With the shortage and depletion of terrestrial mineral resources, countries around the world have turned their attention to the resource-rich oceans. The development and utilization of ocean resources has become an inevitable trend in the development of human society. Research shows that cobalt-rich crusts are rich in cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, iron and other metals, with a high total metal content. Among them, the content of strategic metal cobalt is the highest among all deep-sea mineral resources, and exceeds the cobalt grade of terrestrial mines. Dozens of times, with huge economic value. Based on the exploration and identification of the distribution patterns of cobalt-rich crusts, deposit characteristics and resource amounts, my country has applied to the International Seabed Authority to obtain cobalt-rich crust mining areas in the seabed area.

Cobalt-rich crust is a sedimentary solid deposit produced on the surface of seamounts at a water depth of 800 to 2,800 meters in the ocean. Most of its thickness is 2 to 10cm, and it is a thin-layer ore body. The cobalt-rich crust mining system uses a mining head to strip the bedrock of the crust-rich ore body on the surface of the seamount. The collection mechanism collects the ore body into a riser, and then the ore body is lifted to the sea surface together with water. For an efficient and environmentally friendly cobalt-rich crust mining system, as much of the crust-rich ore body should be mined as much as possible and the bedrock should be mined as little as possible during the mining process, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the mining head. Improve its efficiency while reducing the energy consumption of the lifting system, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the entire mining system, and also meeting the environmental protection requirements of the International Seabed Authority. Since the surface of seamounts rich in cobalt-rich crusts has rugged terrain, it is very difficult for the mining head to mine and peel off the cobalt crust mineral layer that is only a few centimeters thick on its surface. It is suitable if the mining head cannot move along the rugged seamount surface. If the ore body is mined and stripped from the uneven seamount surface, the mining head will directly strip off a lot of bedrock, which will cause a significant increase in mining and lifting energy consumption, and will also destroy more seabed surfaces, causing Environmental issues. In addition, when mining cobalt-rich crusts, the brittle cobalt-rich crusts will produce more fine ore when peeled off. The mechanical ore collecting mechanism will not be able to collect and crush them, and precious minerals will be lost. A collection mechanism is needed to collect the solids. Ore bodies can also collect fine ore. Therefore, it is necessary to design a cobalt-rich crust mining head that is suitable for peeling off cobalt-rich crusts on uneven surfaces of seamounts and integrates mining and ore collection.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-rotating cutter head mining head that integrates cobalt-rich crust stripping and ore collection, which is suitable for uneven seamount surfaces and has low mining energy consumption. It can be used in deep-sea mineral resource cobalt-rich crust mining systems.

The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A three-rotating cutterhead mining head that integrates cobalt-rich crust stripping and ore collection. It is composed of a hydraulic ore collecting mechanism, a mounting plate, a hydraulic shock absorber, a cutterhead, a cutterhead mounting journal and a bearing system. Its characteristics This is: the cutterhead is installed on the lower half of the cutterhead installation journal through the bearing system. The top of the hydraulic shock absorber cutterhead installation journal is connected to the installation plate through bolts. The middle part is connected to the hydraulic shock absorber through bolts. The hydraulic shock absorber is also connected to the hydraulic shock absorber. One end is hinged on the installation plate, and the three cutterheads and the cutterhead installation journals are evenly distributed on the edge of the tapered hollow part of the installation plate. The conduit of the hydraulic ore collecting mechanism 2 is located in the center of the installation plate and is threadedly connected to the installation plate.

The bearing system includes four bearings: a large bearing, a locking bearing, a small bearing, and a thrust bearing. A circlip is installed on the top of the bearing system, and a sealing ring is installed between the cutterhead and the mounting plate.

The inside of the installation plate is processed with oil storage holes and oil passage holes, which are evenly distributed in three directions. The oil storage hole is equipped with an oil storage bladder. The oil passage hole connects the oil storage bladder and the oil pipe. The oil pipe is then installed with the cutterhead journal. The through holes on the axis are connected.

The upper part of the hydraulic shock absorber is hinged with the mounting plate through bolts, and the lower part is hinged with the cutterhead mounting journal through bolts.

The middle part of the installation plate has a cone-shaped protrusion outward, and the cone-shaped protrusion is hollow. The end of the conduit of the hydraulic ore collecting mechanism is processed with threads to cooperate with the internal threads of the installation plate.

Compared with the prior art, the protruding part of the mounting plate of the present invention expands the scope of ore collection, improves the efficiency of ore collection, integrates mining and ore collection, has a compact structure, and reduces energy consumption. The cutterhead with hydraulic shock absorber can conform to the rugged ground on the seabed and improve crushing efficiency.

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a three-rotating cutterhead mining head that integrates cobalt-rich crust stripping and ore collection according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is a top view of the three-rotating cutterhead mining head that integrates cobalt-rich crust stripping and ore collection according to the present invention;

illustration:

1. Hydraulic ore collecting mechanism; 2. Installation plate; 21. Oil hole; 22. Oil storage hole; 23. Oil storage bag; 24. Oil pipe; 3. Hydraulic shock absorber; 4. Installation journal; 5. Bearing system; 51, sealing ring; 52, large bearing; 53, locking bearing; 54, thrust bearing; 55, small bearing; 56, circlip; 6, cutterhead.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The structure of the three-rotating cutterhead mining head that integrates cobalt-rich crust stripping and ore collection according to the present invention is shown in Figure 1. The mining head mainly consists of a hydraulic ore collecting mechanism 1, a mounting plate 2, a hydraulic shock absorber 3, and a cutterhead. It consists of a mounting journal 4, a bearing system 5 and a cutterhead 6. The feature is that the cutterhead 6 is installed on the lower half of the cutterhead mounting journal 4 through the bearing system 5, and the hydraulic shock absorber 3 is connected to the top of the cutterhead mounting journal 4. It is connected to the installation plate 2 through bolts, and the middle part is connected to the hydraulic shock absorber 3 through bolts. The other end of the hydraulic shock absorber 3 is hinged on the installation plate 2. The three cutterheads 6 and the cutterhead mounting journals 4 are evenly distributed on the installation plate. 2. On the edge of the tapered hollow part, the conduit of the hydraulic ore collecting mechanism 1 is located in the center of the installation plate 2 and is connected to the installation plate 2 through threads. The bearing system 5 includes four bearings: a large bearing 52, a locking bearing 53, a small bearing 55, and a thrust bearing 54. A circlip 56 is installed on the top of the bearing system 5, and a sealing ring 51 is installed between the cutterhead 6 and the mounting plate 2. . The installation plate 2 is internally processed with oil storage holes 22 and oil passage holes 21, which are evenly distributed in three directions. The oil storage hole 22 is equipped with an oil storage bag 23, and the oil passage hole 21 communicates with the oil storage bag 23 and the oil pipe 24. The oil pipe 24 is then connected to the through hole on the axis of the cutterhead mounting journal 4.

When the mining head is working, the working vehicle drives the mining head forward, the hydraulic motor drives the mounting plate 2 to rotate, and the cutterhead 6 rotates around its own central axis. The mining head rotates and rolls. When the cutterhead 6 has double teeth contacting the crust, the axis of the mining head is the lowest; when it rolls to the single tooth contacting the crust, the axis rises to the highest. Repeatedly, the axis center alternately repeats from the lowest to the highest, and then from the highest to the lowest, thus producing longitudinal vibration. At the same time, the cutter teeth slide relative to the crust to generate shearing force. Under the combined action of longitudinal vibration and shear force, the mining head is able to break the rock at the bottom of the hole. When the cutterhead 6 encounters the convex terrain on the seabed, it receives an additional upward force, causing the hydraulic shock absorber 3 to compress; conversely, when it encounters the concave terrain, the hydraulic shock absorber 3 extends, so that the mining head cutterhead Able to fit tightly to the ground. The three cutterheads 6 cooperate with each other to gather the peeled incrustation blocks to the center of the mining head. The negative pressure generated by the hydraulic ore collecting mechanism 1 will suck the incrustation blocks and seawater into the conduit, and the cutterhead teeth will be collected while collecting the ore. Played a cleaning role.

As shown in Figure 1, during operation, the vibration of the mining head causes suction inside the bearing, and at the same time, external pressure acts on the oil storage bag 23, compressing the oil storage bag 23, so that the lubricating oil inside the oil storage bag 23 continuously passes through the oil hole 21 And the oil pipe 24 enters the inside of the bearing to lubricate the bearing. At the same time, the seal prevents seawater and encrustation debris from entering the bearing system 5 and preventing lubricating oil from leaking.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A three-rotating cutterhead mining head integrating cobalt-rich crust stripping and ore collecting, consisting of a hydraulic ore collecting mechanism (1), a mounting plate (2), a hydraulic shock absorber (3), and a cutterhead mounting shaft. The neck (4), the bearing system (5) and the cutterhead (6) are characterized in that: the cutterhead (6) is installed on the lower half of the cutterhead mounting journal (4) through the bearing system (5), and the cutterhead is installed The top of the journal (4) is connected to the installation plate (2) through bolts. The three cutterheads (6) and the cutterhead installation journals (4) are evenly distributed on the edge of the tapered hollow part of the installation plate (2). Hydraulic ore collecting The conduit of the mechanism (1) is located in the center of the installation plate (2) and is connected to the installation plate (2) through threads; the upper part of the hydraulic shock absorber (3) is hinged with the installation plate (2) through bolts, and its lower part is installed with the cutterhead. The journal (4) is hinged by bolts; when the cutterhead (6) encounters the convex terrain on the seabed, it receives additional upward force, causing the hydraulic shock absorber (3) to compress. When the cutterhead (6) encounters the concave terrain, When the terrain changes, the hydraulic shock absorber (3) stretches so that the cutterhead (6) can closely fit the ground; the bearing system (5) includes a large bearing (52), a locking bearing (53), a small bearing ( 55) and four thrust bearings (54). A circlip (56) is installed on the top of the bearing system (5), and a sealing ring (51) is installed between the cutterhead (6) and the installation plate (2). 2. The three-rotating cutterhead mining head integrating cobalt crust stripping and ore collection according to claim 1, characterized in that: the installation plate (2) is internally processed with an oil storage hole (22) and an oil passage hole. (21), evenly distributed in three directions, the oil storage hole (22) is equipped with an oil storage bag (23), the oil hole (21) connects the oil storage bag (23) and the oil pipe (24), and the oil pipe (24) Then it is connected with the through hole on the 4th axis of the cutterhead mounting journal. 3. The three-rotating cutterhead mining head integrating cobalt-rich crust stripping and ore collection according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that: the middle part of the installation plate (2) is conically protruding outwards, The cone-shaped protruding part is hollow, and the end of the conduit of the hydraulic ore collecting mechanism (1) is processed with threads to be matched with the internal threads of the installation plate (2).