CN109025804A - Turbine type axial impact device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a turbine-type axial impactor. The main body of this turbine-type axial impactor is short-circuited with the upper end connected to the double female joint, and the lower end is connected to the impact joint through a hexagonal sleeve. The hollow of the impact joint is The cavity is located in the short circuit of the main body, the overflow cap of the overflow cover sits on the upper port of the hollow cavity of the impact joint, the flow channel of the overflow cover is inserted into the hollow cavity, the piston hammer is a three-section hollow cylindrical structure, and the piston hammer Located in the annular space between the hollow cavity and the flow channel, the transmission cylinder of the turbine rotor is inserted into the flow channel, the annular platform in the turbine rotor sits on the flow cover head of the flow cover plate, the upper end of the turbine rotor is connected to the jet stator, and the jet flow The stator is pressed at the lower port of the double female joint; there are oblique perforations inside the jet stator. When the fluid passes through the oblique perforations, the jet hits the turbine blades of the turbine rotor, causing the turbine rotor to rotate. The invention produces very good longitudinal vibration on the drill bit, and the effect of increasing speed is very obvious.

Description

Turbine Axial Impactor

Technical field:

The invention relates to a downhole hydraulic impact tool used in oil and gas drilling, in particular to a turbine axial impactor.

Background technique:

With the advancement of exploration and development technology, the depth of oil and gas wells continues to increase, and the number of deep wells and ultra-deep wells also increases. The hardness of the rock in the deep formation is high, and the drillability grade is high, which is the main reason for the increase of drilling difficulty, the slowdown of ROP and the increase of drilling cost. Drilling problems in hard formations have also become more and more prominent, and efficient rock-breaking technology is becoming more important. The efficiency of rock-breaking will directly determine the speed and cost of drilling, and furthermore determine the economic benefits of drilling projects. Through indoor experiments and field practice, it can be known that when a certain periodic impact force acts on the drill bit, the rock-breaking efficiency of the drill bit will be significantly increased, thereby increasing the mechanical speed of penetration.

Axial impactor, as an auxiliary power tool for rock breaking downhole, has received more and more attention from the industry because it does not need to provide additional energy, and has gradually become an indispensable technical means for speeding up deep wells. Although various types of impactors have been proven to improve drilling efficiency in field tests, they have short lifespan and are easily affected by drilling fluid properties, making them not widely used in drilling rig operations so far.

Invention content:

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a turbine type axial impactor, which is used to solve the problems such as slow drilling speed and low tool impact efficiency as the oil well depth increases.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: the turbine type axial impactor. Overcurrent cover plate, piston hammer, the upper end of the main body is short-connected to the double female joint, and the lower end is connected to the impact joint through a hexagonal sleeve. The upper port of the cavity, the flow channel of the flow cover plate is inserted into the hollow cavity, the piston hammer is a three-section hollow cylindrical structure, the piston hammer is located in the annular space between the hollow cavity and the flow channel, and the transmission cylinder of the turbine rotor is inserted into the cavity. In the flow channel, the annular platform in the turbine rotor sits on the flow cover head of the flow cover plate, the upper end of the turbine rotor is connected to the jet stator, and the jet stator is pressed at the lower port of the double female joint; there are oblique perforations inside the jet stator, when When the fluid passes through the oblique perforation, the jet hits the turbine blades of the turbine rotor, causing the turbine rotor to rotate;

The transmission cylinder is hollow, the transmission cylinder above the ring platform has an inflow hole, the transmission cylinder below the ring platform is provided with the first circulation hole and the second circulation hole, and the flow channel is correspondingly provided with the first flow hole and the second flow hole holes, and the hollow cavity is correspondingly provided with a first liquid outlet hole and a second liquid outlet hole.

In the above scheme, the jet stator is stuck at the short-connected female buckle of the main body, and an annular elastic body is arranged between the jet stator and the double female joint, in order to slow down the impact of the reverse force formed by the jet on the double female joint; the oblique direction of the jet stator At the outlet of the perforation, there is an oblique slot with an inclined outer contour, which matches the turbine blade of the turbine rotor; there is a limit slot in the center of the jet stator, and the limit post at the upper end of the turbine rotor is inserted into the limit slot, so that the turbine The rotor does not move radially or axially.

In the above scheme, there is a protective ring on the lower edge of the limit post of the turbine rotor, and the function of the protective ring is to reduce the friction between the turbine rotor and the jet stator during rotation.

In the above scheme, the impact joint has a decompression hole at the bottom of the hollow cavity, from which the fluid can flow out of the hollow cavity to reduce the pressure in the hollow cavity; there is a liquid outlet channel in the middle of the impact joint, and the outlet below the liquid channel There is a confluence channel on the rush-in joint, and the fluid from the first liquid outlet hole and the second liquid outlet hole can flow into the confluence channel from here; there is a steady flow channel between the decompression hole and the liquid outlet channel, in order to make the fluid A stable state is formed; there is a hexagonal joint outside the impact joint, the hexagonal joint fits inside the hexagonal sleeve, and the impact joint is fixed, and the sharp part of the hexagonal joint has chamfers to reduce wear during vibration.

In the above scheme, a clasp groove is provided on the outside of the impact joint, which is used to place a half ring to fix the impact joint; a T-shaped step is set at the lower end of the clasp groove to install the elastic body and buffer the movement of the impact joint.

In the above scheme, the jet stator has 1-7 oblique perforations.

In the above scheme, the turbine rotor has 1-17 turbine blades and 1-4 inflow holes.

In the above solution, the impact joint has 1-8 liquid outlet channels, 1-6 first liquid outlet holes, and 1-6 second liquid outlet holes.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The cooperation between the turbine rotor and the overflow cover of the present invention has a strong interference effect on the drilling fluid flow, can generate pulse impact loads, and produce good longitudinal vibration on the drill bit, and the speed-up effect is very obvious.

2. The present invention mainly uses the rotation of the turbine rotor to open different chambers to cause the piston hammer to move, so there is no such high requirement for sealing.

3. The longitudinal vibration frequency and amplitude of the present invention are controlled by the size, number and inclination angle of oblique perforations, which is easy to adjust.

4. The present invention does not have a buffer reset device such as a spring, which reduces energy loss, improves the utilization efficiency of hydraulic impact energy, and solves the problem of low impact efficiency.

5. The present invention has a simple structure, is easy to realize, and has low cost, and is convenient for popularization and application in oil fields.

4. Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the outline drawing of impact joint among the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the sectional view of A-A among Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the profile view of the overflow cover plate in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the sectional view of overflow cover plate among the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of hexagonal cover among the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of movable hammer in the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the jet stator in the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a top view of the jet stator in the present invention;

Fig. 10 is an outline view of a turbine rotor in the present invention;

Fig. 11 is F-F sectional view among Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is a diagram of the upward movement state of the movable hammer in the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a sectional view of A-A in Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is the sectional view of B-B in Fig. 12;

Fig. 15 is a state diagram of the movable hammer keeping upward in the present invention;

Fig. 16 is a sectional view of A-A in Fig. 15;

Figure 17 is a sectional view of B-B in Figure 16;

Fig. 18 is a downward movement state diagram of the movable hammer in the present invention;

Fig. 19 is a sectional view of A-A in Fig. 18;

Figure 20 is a sectional view of B-B in Figure 18;

Fig. 21 is a state diagram of the movable hammer keeping downward in the present invention;

Figure 22 is a sectional view of A-A in Figure 21;

Fig. 23 is a sectional view of B-B in Fig. 21 .

In the figure, 1. Double female connector, 2. Main body short connection, 3. Hexagonal sleeve, 4. Impact joint, 5. Jet stator, 6. Turbine rotor, 7. Overcurrent cover plate, 8. Piston hammer, 9. Elasticity Body Ⅰ, 10. Half ring, 11. Elastic body Ⅱ, 12. Hexagonal joint, 13. T-shaped step, 14. Snap ring groove, 15. Liquid outlet channel, 16. Second liquid outlet hole, 17. First outlet Liquid hole, 18. Hollow cavity, 19. Decompression hole, 20. Confluence channel, 21. Steady flow channel, 22. Overcurrent cap, 23. Overcurrent channel, 24. First overflow hole, 25. Second overpass Orifice, 26. Oblique perforation, 27 Limiting groove, 28 Oblique clamping groove, 29. Limiting column, 30. Protection ring, 31. Inflow hole, 32. Ring platform, 33. Transmission cylinder, 34. The first 1 circulation hole, 35. second circulation hole, 36. turbine blade, 37. rotor channel, 38. first chamber, 39. second chamber.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described:

As shown in Figure 1, this turbine type axial impactor includes a double female joint 1, a main body short circuit 2, a hexagonal sleeve 3, an impact joint 4, a jet stator 5, a turbine rotor 6, and a The flow cover 7, the piston hammer 8, the upper end of the main short-circuit 2 is connected to the double female joint 1, and the lower end is connected to the impact joint 4 through the hexagonal sleeve 3, the hollow cavity 18 of the impact joint 4 is located in the main short-circuit 2, and the overflow cover 7 The overflow cap 22 sits on the upper port of the hollow cavity 18 of the impact joint 4, and the overflow channel 23 of the overflow cover plate 7 is inserted into the hollow cavity 18, so that the piston hammer 8 only moves inside the hollow cavity 18; the piston hammer 8 is located in the hollow cavity In the annular space between 18 and the flow passage 23, the transmission cylinder 33 of the turbine rotor 6 is inserted into the flow passage 23, and the annular platform 32 in the turbine rotor 6 sits on the flow cover 22 of the flow cover 7, and the turbine The upper end of the rotor 6 is connected with the jet stator 5 .

The jet stator 5 is stuck at the female button of the main body short-circuit 2, and an annular elastic body is installed between the jet stator 5 and the double female connector 1, in order to slow down the impact of the reverse force formed by the jet on the double female connector 1; As shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, the outlet end of the oblique perforation 26 of the jet stator 5 has an oblique slot 28 with an inclined outer contour, which is convenient to match with the turbine blades 36 of the turbine rotor 6; and on the cylinder of the jet stator 5 There is a limit slot 27 in the platform, so that the turbine rotor 6 does not move radially or axially.

As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , there is an overflow channel 23 inside the overflow cover plate 7 , and the inner diameter of the overflow channel 23 matches the outer diameter of the transmission cylinder 33 of the turbine rotor 6 , so that the transmission cylinder 33 can flow through Rotating in the channel 23, the annular platform 32 in the turbine rotor 6 sits on the overflow cover head 22 of the overflow cover 7 to limit the axial movement of the overflow cover 7; there are 7 oblique perforations 26 inside the jet stator 5 , when the fluid passes through the oblique perforation 26, the jet will hit the turbine blades 36 of the turbine rotor 6, causing the turbine rotor 6 to rotate.

The transmission cylinder 33 of the turbine rotor 6 is hollow to form a rotor passage, which is a fluid flow passage; It flows into the rotor channel 37 of the turbine rotor 6; the transmission cylinder 33 has two sets of symmetrical circulation holes (the first circulation hole 34 and the second circulation hole 35), and there are two sets of corresponding flow holes on the overflow cover plate 7 (the first flow hole 24 and the second flow hole 25 ), they match each other, so that the piston hammer 8 moves repeatedly to impact the impact joint 4 .

There is a decompression hole 19 at the bottom of the hollow cavity 18 in the impact joint 4, from which fluid can flow out of the hollow cavity 18 to reduce the pressure in the hollow cavity 18; Liquid channel 15, the fluid from the first liquid outlet hole 17 and the second liquid outlet hole 16 can flow into the confluence channel 20 from here; and there is a section of steady flow channel between the decompression hole 19 and the liquid outlet channel 15 21, in order to make the fluid form a stable state. There is a section of hexagonal joint 12 on the outside of the impact joint 4, which is used to match the inside of the hexagonal sleeve 3 to fix the impact joint 4, and the sharp parts of the hexagonal joint have chamfers, in order to reduce wear during vibration.

When the present invention is installed: the hexagonal sleeve 3 is placed on the impact joint 4, and the inside of the hexagonal sleeve 3 matches the six-ring joint 12 of the impact joint 4; the half-part ring 10 and the elastic body II11 are respectively installed on the snap ring of the impact joint 4 On the groove 14 and the T-shaped step 13, screw the hexagonal sleeve 3 and the main short connector 2 together to fix the impact joint 4; put the piston hammer 8 into the hollow cavity 18 of the impact joint 4, and turn the overcurrent The cover plate 7 and the turbine rotor 6 are inserted into the hollow cavity 18. At this time, the piston hammer 8 can only move axially inside the hollow cavity 18; Matching, install the elastic body I9 on the turbine rotor 6, and finally tighten the double female joint 1 and the main body short-circuit 2 with threads, and the installation is completed.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, when the fluid in the hollow chamber 18 cannot flow out from the first liquid outlet hole 17 or the second liquid outlet hole 16, a closed space will be formed inside the hollow chamber 18, and as the fluid Inflow, the internal pressure of the hollow chamber 18 will gradually increase, causing the tool to be easily damaged. Therefore, a decompression hole 19 is made at the bottom of the hollow chamber 18 to reduce the pressure in the hollow chamber. The snap ring groove 14 is used to install the half ring 10 to fix the impact joint 4 . The T-shaped step 13 is used to install the elastic body II11 to alleviate the position movement of the impact joint 4 caused by the periodic impact force of the piston hammer 8 .

The hexagonal sleeve 3 shown in FIG. 6 has a regular hexagon inside, which just coincides with the hexagonal shape of the hexagonal joint 12 of the impact joint 4 and is used to fix the impact joint 4 . The outside of the hexagonal sleeve 3 is a set of threads, which coincide with the internal threads of the main body short connector 2, so that the hexagonal sleeve 3 and the main body short connector 2 are connected together.

The overflow cover plate 7 in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is installed inside the piston hammer 8 in Fig. 7, and the transmission cylinder 33 of the turbine rotor 6 is also contained in the flow channel 23 inside the overflow cover plate 7, a ring sleeve A ring of sequential installation. Due to the rotation of the turbine rotor 6, the two circulation holes of the turbine rotor 6 and the two flow holes of the corresponding flow cover plate 7 form a communicating or closed channel at the same time, but because there is a layer of piston hammer 8 outside, it can just Block the passage, so the connection of the two passages is also closely related to the movement of the piston hammer 8.

The piston hammer 8 shown in Figure 7 is a three-section hollow cylindrical structure. The inner and outer diameters and lengths of the first and last sections are the same, and the middle section has a large outer diameter and a smaller inner diameter. The piston hammer 8 is installed in the hollow cavity 18 of the impact joint 4 , can move axially. The middle section of the piston hammer 8 has a large outer diameter and a small inner diameter, so that when the piston hammer 8 moves axially, the piston hammer 8 and the inside of the hollow cavity 18 outside, and the inside of the overflow cover Friction on the outside of the plate 7, thereby reducing energy loss.

For ease of understanding, the working process of the present invention is described below:

1. When the turbine rotor 6 rotates, the first circulation hole 34 of the turbine rotor 6 and the first flow hole 24 of the flow cover plate 7 are staggered, as shown in FIGS. 12 , 13 , and 14 . The first chamber 38 formed by the movable hammer 8, the overflow cover plate 7 and the impact joint 4 forms a negative pressure zone, the movable hammer 8 moves upward, and the fluid in the first chamber 38 flows out from the first liquid outlet hole 17;

2. When the turbine rotor 6 continues to rotate and the first circulation hole 34 communicates with the first flow hole 24, the piston hammer 8 blocks their passage again, but at this time the second circulation hole 35 and the second flow hole 25 connected, the fluid flows out from the second liquid outlet hole 16, and the piston hammer 8 maintains an upward state, as shown in Figures 15, 16, and 17;

3. When the turbine rotor 6 rotates again, the second circulation hole 35 is staggered with the second flow hole 25, forming a negative pressure zone in the second chamber 39, as shown in Figures 18, 19, 20, the piston hammer 8 moves downward, and the fluid in the second chamber 39 flows out from the second liquid outlet hole 16;

4. When the turbine rotor 6 rotates again, the second circulation hole 35 communicates with the second flow hole 25, and the piston hammer 8 blocks their passage again, but at this time the first circulation hole 34 and the first flow hole 24 Connected, the fluid flows out from the first liquid outlet hole 17, and the piston hammer 8 maintains a downward state, as shown in Figures 21, 22, and 23.

In this cycle, the piston hammer 8 will perform cyclical motion in the hollow cavity 18, and impact the impact joint 4 repeatedly and periodically.

Claims (8)

1. A turbine-type axial impactor, characterized in that: the turbine-type axial impactor comprises a double female joint (1), a main body short (2), a hexagonal sleeve (3 ), impact joint (4), jet stator (5), turbine rotor (6), overcurrent cover plate (7), piston hammer (8), main body short circuit (2), upper end connected to double female joint (1), lower end The impact joint (4) is connected through the hexagonal sleeve (3), the hollow cavity (18) of the impact joint (4) is located in the short circuit of the main body (2), and the overflow cap (22) of the overflow cover (7) sits on the impact The upper port of the hollow cavity (18) of the connector (4), the flow passage (23) of the flow cover (7) is inserted into the hollow cavity (18), the piston hammer (8) is a three-section hollow cylindrical structure, and the piston hammer (8) Located in the annular space between the hollow cavity (18) and the flow channel (23), the transmission cylinder (33) of the turbine rotor (6) is inserted into the flow channel (23), and the turbine rotor (6) The annular table (32) is seated on the overflow cover (22) of the overflow cover (7), the upper end of the turbine rotor (6) is connected to the jet stator (5), and the jet stator (5) is pressed on the double female joint (1) At the lower port; there are oblique perforations (26) inside the jet stator (5), when the fluid passes through the oblique perforations (26), the jet hits the turbine blades (36) of the turbine rotor (6), making the turbine The rotor (6) rotates; The transmission cylinder (33) is hollow, the transmission cylinder above the annular platform (32) has an inflow hole (31), and the transmission cylinder below the annular platform (32) is provided with a first circulation hole (34) and a second circulation hole ( 35), the flow channel (23) is provided with the first flow hole (24) and the second flow hole (25), and the hollow cavity (18) is provided with the first liquid outlet hole (17) and the second liquid outlet hole (16). 2. The turbine-type axial impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the jet stator (5) is stuck at the female buckle of the main body short-circuit (2), and the jet stator (5) and the double female A ring-shaped elastic body is arranged between the joints (1); the outlet end of the oblique perforation (26) of the jet stator (5) has an oblique slot (28) with an inclined outer contour, and the oblique slot (28) and the turbine rotor The turbine blades (36) of (6) are matched; there is a limit slot (27) in the center of the jet stator (5), and the limit post (29) at the upper end of the turbine rotor (6) is inserted into the limit slot (27). 3. The turbine type axial impactor according to claim 2, characterized in that there is a protective ring (30) on the lower edge of the turbine rotor limiting post (29). 4. The turbine-type axial impactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: the impact joint (4) has a decompression hole (19) at the bottom of the hollow cavity (18), and the impact joint (4) ) has a liquid outlet channel (15) in the middle, and there is a confluence channel (20) on the impact joint below the liquid outlet channel (15); there is a steady flow channel ( 21); there is a section of hexagonal joint (12) outside the impact joint (4), the hexagonal joint (12) coincides with the inside of the hexagonal sleeve (3), the impact joint (4) is fixed, and the sharp part of the hexagonal joint (12) has Chamfer. 5. The turbine type axial impactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: the impact joint (4) is provided with a snap ring groove (14) outside, and a T-shaped step is arranged at the lower end of the snap ring groove (14) (13). 6. The turbine type axial impactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: the jet stator (5) has 1-7 oblique perforations (26). 7. The turbine type axial impactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: the turbine rotor (6) has 1-17 turbine blades (36) and 1-4 inflow holes (31). 8. The turbine-type axial impactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: the impact joint (4) has 1-8 liquid outlet channels (15) and 1-6 first liquid outlet holes (17), there are 1-6 second liquid outlet holes (16).