CN109025277A - Secondary frame and its pre-buried structure and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a sub-frame and its pre-embedded structure and method. The sub-frame is pre-embedded on the wall at the window opening, and the sub-frame includes: a long strip-shaped square frame with a hollow inside to form a cavity; An anchoring plate erected at the bottom of the square frame and embedded in the wall; and a positioning baffle vertically connected to both sides of the square frame and extending to the outside of the square frame, The upper surface of the positioning baffle is flush with the lower surface of the bottom of the square frame. The subframe of the present invention can be constructed together with the wall, and can be positioned and installed with the window formwork at the window opening through the positioning baffle, and the subframe is clamped by the window formwork, and the subframe and the window formwork are used as the formwork of the window opening, which realizes The positioning and installation of the sub-frame is completed at the formwork installation stage, which solves the problem of on-site hole measurement and installation of the traditional sub-frame, and reduces the workload of construction procedures and cross operations.

Description

Subframe and its pre-embedded structure and method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of window structure engineering, in particular to an auxiliary frame and its pre-embedded structure and method.

Background technique

In the field of construction, water seepage of exterior walls, damage and pollution of windows is a common quality problem that is difficult to solve, and it is also one of the quality problems that owners complain more about. In order to prevent the windows from being damaged and polluted, most of the windows are installed by the dry method now, that is, the secondary frame is installed after the wall of the opening is formed, and the surface of the hole is waterproofed, heat-preserved and decorated, and then the window is installed on the secondary frame after completion .

Although this type of installation method facilitates the installation of the window, improves the installation accuracy of the opening, and prevents the finished window from being polluted by construction. However, the secondary installation of the sub-frame increases the leakage problem between the sub-frame and the wall, and the secondary installation increases the operation process and increases the occurrence rate of quality problems.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, to provide a sub-frame and its pre-embedded structure and method, to solve the problem of increasing the operating procedures caused by the existing construction of the wall first and then installing the sub-frame, which is prone to leakage and increases The problem of the occurrence rate of large quality problems.

The technical scheme for realizing the above-mentioned purpose is:

The present invention provides a sub-frame, which is pre-embedded on the wall at the window opening, and the sub-frame includes:

A rectangular frame with a hollow interior to form a cavity;

an anchor plate erected at the bottom of the square frame and embedded in the wall; and

A positioning baffle vertically connected to both sides of the square frame and extending to the outside of the square frame, the upper surface of the positioning baffle is flush with the lower surface of the bottom of the square frame, so The positioning baffle, the anchor plate and the square frame are integrally formed.

The sub-frame of the present invention can be pre-embedded on the wall, so as to be constructed together with the wall, and the sub-frame can be positioned and installed with the window formwork at the window opening through the positioning baffle, and the sub-frame is clamped by the window formwork, and the sub-frame and The window opening formwork is used as the formwork of the window opening, which realizes the positioning and installation of the sub-frame at the formwork installation stage, solves the problem of on-site measurement and installation of the traditional sub-frame, and reduces the workload of the construction process and cross-operation. The auxiliary frame is connected to the wall through the anchor plate embedded in the wall, and the anchor plate is vertically arranged, which can play a waterproof role and realize a leak-free structure, which solves the problem of easy leakage caused by first constructing the wall and then installing the auxiliary frame The problem. The auxiliary frame of the present invention realizes rapid construction of window installation, improves on-site construction efficiency, speeds up construction progress, and reduces construction cost.

A further improvement of the sub-frame of the present invention is that there are two anchor plates, which are arranged corresponding to the two sides of the square frame body, and the anchor plates are also fixedly connected to the corresponding positioning baffles.

A further improvement of the sub-frame of the present invention is that the bottom end of the anchor plate is vertically connected with a bottom plate.

The present invention also provides a sub-frame pre-embedded structure, including:

The sub-frame according to claim 1, placed at the window hole to be formed; and

The window formwork provided at the opening of the window to be formed, one side of the window formwork is attached to the side of the corresponding sub-frame, and the other side of the window formwork is connected and fixed with the corresponding wall formwork; The bottom part of the window hole template is placed on the corresponding positioning baffle, and the window hole templates located on both sides of the sub-frame are fastened and connected by pins and pins to clamp the sub-frame, so that the window hole template and the The sub-frame encloses and forms the window opening, and the anchor plate of the sub-frame is placed in the pouring space between the wall formworks.

A further improvement of the pre-embedded structure of the sub-frame in the present invention lies in that the bottom end of the anchor plate is vertically connected with a bottom plate, and the bottom plate is attached to the reinforcement inside the wall formwork.

The further improvement of the pre-embedded structure of the sub-frame of the present invention lies in that concrete is poured in the pouring space to form a wall, and corresponding window openings are formed in the wall through the sub-frame and the window opening formwork, and the square The bottom of the frame is in contact with the wall surface at the window opening, and the positioning baffle and the anchor plate are embedded in the corresponding wall.

The present invention also provides a method for pre-embedding a sub-frame, comprising the following steps:

Construction of the wall formwork, and leaving an opening corresponding to the window hole to be formed on the wall formwork;

providing the sub-frame according to claim 1, placing the sub-frame at the window hole to be formed;

A window hole template is provided, the window hole template is arranged at the window hole to be formed, and one side of the window hole template is attached to the side of the corresponding sub-frame and the bottom part of the window hole template is placed on the corresponding On the positioning baffle, connect and fix the other side of the window formwork with the corresponding wall formwork;

fastening the two window templates located on both sides of the sub-frame through pins and pins so as to clamp the sub-frame;

butt-connecting the window templates located at the periphery of the window opening to be formed sequentially, and sequentially butt-connecting the sub-frames located at the periphery of the window opening to be formed, so that the window-hole template and the sub-frame enclose the window opening; and

Concrete is poured in the pouring space between the wall templates to form a wall, and the anchor plate is embedded in the wall.

The further improvement of the pre-embedding method of the present invention is to sequentially butt connect the sub-frames located at the periphery of the window hole to be formed, including:

cutting the end of the sub-frame to form a bevel;

Provide the connection angle code, set the connection angle code at the joint of two adjacent sub-frames, and insert the end of the connection angle code into the corresponding sub-frame;

Glue is injected into the cavity of the sub-frame from the slant to fix the end of the connecting corner, and the slant of the adjacent two sub-frames is butted, thus completing the two adjacent sub-frames. box connections.

The further improvement of the pre-embedding method of the present invention is to also include:

A base plate is vertically connected to the bottom of the anchor plate, and when the sub-frame is set, the base plate is attached to the corresponding steel bar in the wall formwork.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the subframe of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the pre-embedded structure of the sub-frame of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the sub-frame of the present invention applied to a window opening and installed with a window.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a sub-frame and its pre-embedded structure and method. The sub-frame is spliced and fixed between the window formwork at the window opening by clamping, and forms the formwork at the window opening together with the window formwork. After the wall is poured, the window formwork is removed and the auxiliary frame is pre-embedded on the wall. The sub-frame is firmly connected to the wall through the anchor plate embedded in the wall, and the sub-frame is also equipped with a positioning baffle, which is convenient for positioning and clamping with the window formwork during assembly. The cavity formed inside the square frame of the sub-frame can facilitate the corner connection between adjacent sub-frames, and it also facilitates the subsequent windows to be connected and fixed by self-tapping screws, which improves the installation accuracy of the windows as a whole and shortens the installation period. The sub-frame and its pre-embedded structure and method of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Fig. 1, it shows a schematic structural diagram of the subframe of the present invention. The structure of the subframe of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 .

As shown in Figure 1, the sub-frame 20 of the present invention is pre-embedded on the wall at the window opening. The sub-frame 20 includes a square frame body 21, an anchor plate 22 and a positioning baffle plate 23. The square frame body 21 is in the shape of a strip , the cavity 211 is formed in the hollow of the square frame body 21, and the length of the square frame body 21 depends on the length and width of the window opening constructed. The anchor plate 22 is erected on the bottom of the square frame body 21, and the anchor plate 22 is used to be embedded in the wall, so that the direction frame body 21 of the sub-frame 20 is firmly installed on the wall body. The positioning baffle 23 is vertically connected to both sides of the square frame body 21 and extends to the outside of the square frame 21. The upper surface of the positioning baffle 23 is flush with the lower surface of the bottom of the square frame 21, i.e. the positioning baffle The plate 23 is arranged at the bottom of the side of the square frame body 21 , and the positioning baffle plate 23 , the anchor plate 22 and the square frame body 21 are integrally formed.

Preferably, the sub-frame 20 is made by extrusion molding, so that the positioning baffle 23 , the anchoring plate 22 and the square frame 21 are made into an integral structure.

In the subframe 20 of the present invention, an anchoring plate 22 is erected at the bottom of the square frame body 21, and when the subframe 20 is fixed, the anchoring plate 22 is embedded in the wall, so that the anchoring plate 22 provides a firm support for the subframe 20 on the one hand. On the other hand, it provides a waterproof function for the sub-frame 20, forming a non-leakage structure, and avoiding the problem of water leakage caused by the installation of the sub-frame 20.

The sub-frame 20 of the present invention is provided with positioning baffles 23 on both sides of the square frame body 21, which are used to position the window formwork of the square frame body 21 clamping the sub-frame 20. The sub-frame 20 is installed together with the wall formwork. After the wall, the sub-frame 20 is left on the wall, thereby completing the installation and fixing of the sub-frame 20 . The square frame body 21 of the subframe 20 is clamped by the window hole formwork, and the square frame body 21 is also used as a template for the window opening, so that the subframe 20 can be firmly and stably connected with the formwork, improving the embedding effect and quality of the subframe 20, and It reduces the multi-channel construction process of the existing post-installation sub-frame, and reduces the workload of cross-operation.

A cavity 211 is formed in the square frame body 21 of the sub-frame 20 of the present invention. On the one hand, it is convenient to connect the square frame bodies 21 of two adjacent sub-frames 20 through connecting corners, and on the other hand, it can also facilitate the installation of windows. .

The sub-frame 20 of the present invention realizes rapid construction of windows, improves on-site construction efficiency, speeds up construction progress, and reduces construction costs.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are two anchoring plates 22 , which are arranged corresponding to the two sides of the square frame body 21 , and the anchoring plates 22 are also fixedly connected to the corresponding positioning baffles 23 . Preferably, the anchor plate 22 is vertically connected to the corresponding positioning baffle plate 23, the anchor plate 22 is aligned with the side plate of the corresponding square frame body 21, and the outer surface of the anchor plate 22 is aligned with the outer surface of the side plate of the square frame body 21. Face flush setting.

Further, the bottom end of the anchor plate 22 is vertically connected with a bottom plate 221 . Preferably, the middle portion of the bottom plate 221 is vertically connected to the bottom end of the anchor plate 22 . The stability of the sub-frame 20 can be improved by using the bottom plate 221 . When the sub-frame 20 is set, the bottom plate 221 can lean against the corresponding wall reinforcement to provide a certain supporting force for the sub-frame 20 . Also preferably, the bottom plate 221 is fixedly connected to the corresponding wall reinforcement.

Preferably, the sub-frame 20 is made of aluminum alloy. The length of the anchor plate 22 of the sub-frame 20 is 15 mm, the length of the bottom plate 221 protruding from the side of the anchor plate 22 is 2 mm, and the length of the positioning baffle 23 protruding from the side of the square frame body 21 is 5 mm.

When the subframe 20 of the present invention is used, it is constructed together with the wall formwork. When the wall formwork is supported, the subframe 20 is assembled at the corresponding window opening, and the subframe is clamped by the window formwork at the window opening. 20. Use the positioning baffle plate 23 to quickly locate the window formwork and the square frame body 21. After the formwork is supported, the anchor plate 22 of the subframe 20 is located in the pouring space of the wall, and concrete is poured into the pouring space to form the wall. When the wall reaches the removal requirements, the wall formwork and the window formwork are removed, and the subframe 20 is fixed on the window opening of the wall through the anchor plate 22, thereby completing the installation of the subframe 20 while the wall construction is completed.

The invention also provides a pre-embedded structure of the sub-frame. The pre-embedded structure of a sub-frame provided by the present invention will be described below

As shown in Figure 2, the pre-embedded structure of the sub-frame of the present invention includes a sub-frame 20 and a window formwork 30, the window formwork 30 includes a formwork panel 31 and a frame 32 vertically arranged at the outer end of the formwork panel 31, and the window formwork 30 is assembled When the frame 32 is spliced and connected, the inner surface of the formwork panel 31 forms a pouring space for the wall.

The sub-frame 20 is placed at the opening of the window to be formed, and the location of the sub-frame 20 is positioned and measured as required. The window hole template 30 is arranged at the window opening to be formed, one side of the window hole template 30 is pasted on the side of the corresponding sub-frame 21, and the other side of the window hole template 30 is connected and fixed with the corresponding wall template, as shown in Fig. 2 does not show the wall formwork, the window hole is the hole provided on the wall for installing windows, the window hole template 30 and the sub-frame 20 are arranged on the top, bottom and both sides of the window hole to be formed, so that the window hole can be used The template 30 and the sub-frame 20 form corresponding window openings on the poured wall. The bottom part of the window formwork 30 is placed on the corresponding positioning baffle 23, and the window formwork 30 can be quickly positioned and installed by the positioning baffle 23. The window formwork 30 on both sides of the subframe 20 is fastened and connected by pins 51 and pin pieces 52. The sub-frame 20 is clamped so that the window opening is formed by enclosing the window formwork 30 and the sub-frame 20, and the anchor plate 22 of the sub-frame 20 is placed in the pouring space between the wall formworks.

Preferably, the window formwork 30 is an aluminum formwork, and the frame 32 is provided with pin holes for the pins 51 to pass through, and the two window formworks 30 are correspondingly attached to the two sides of the square frame body 21 of the subframe 21, and The bottom part of the window formwork 30 is placed on the positioning baffle 23, and the positioning of the window formwork 30 and the subframe 20 is completed, and then the pins 51 are passed through the pin holes on the frame 32 of the window formwork 30 on both sides of the subframe 20, Then insert the pin piece 52 into the pin piece hole on the pin 51 , so as to connect and fasten the two window hole templates 30 , and the two window hole templates 30 clamp and fix the corresponding sub-frame 20 .

Such a pre-embedded structure makes the fixing of the sub-frame 20 firm, easy to install, and will not cause problems such as pollution and damage.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom end of the anchor plate 22 is vertically connected with a bottom plate 221 . Preferably, the middle portion of the bottom plate 221 is vertically connected to the bottom end of the anchor plate 22 . The bottom plate 221 is attached to the steel bars inside the wall formwork, thereby providing support for the sub-frame 20 and making the installation of the sub-frame 20 more stable and firm.

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, concrete is poured in the pouring space in the wall formwork to form a wall, and a corresponding window opening is formed in the wall through the sub-frame 20 and the window opening formwork 30, and the bottom of the square frame body 21 In contact with the wall surface at the window opening, the positioning baffle plate 23 and the anchor plate 22 are embedded in the corresponding wall. The installation of the window is facilitated by using the square frame body 21 exposed on the wall as the installation base of the window.

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the sub-frame 20 and the window template 30 are arranged at the window opening, the sub-frames 20 on the side, top and bottom of the window opening are sequentially butted and connected, and the side parts of the window opening, The top and bottom window hole formworks 30 are butt-connected sequentially, and a reinforcement structure may be provided at the joints of the window hole formworks 30 to prevent grout leakage at the joints. The butt connection between the subframes 20 can be realized by connecting the corners. The ends of the subframes 20 are obliquely cut to form a 45° bevel, and the connection corners are set at the junction of the two subframes 20 so that the connection angle One end of the code is inserted into the cavity 211 in the corresponding sub-frame 20, and glue is injected into the cavity 211 from the bevel, and the end of the connecting corner code is connected with the sub-frame 20 through the injected glue, and the glue is injected Finally, the oblique openings of the two sub-frames 20 are connected, thereby completing the butt connection of the two sub-frames 20 .

The pre-embedding method of the sub-frame provided by the present invention will be described below.

As shown in Figure 3, the pre-embedding method of the sub-frame of the present invention comprises the following steps:

Construction of the wall formwork, and leaving an opening corresponding to the window opening 12 to be formed on the wall formwork;

Provide the above-mentioned sub-frame 20, place the sub-frame 20 at the window opening 12 to be formed;

As shown in Fig. 2, a window hole template 30 is provided, the window hole template 30 is arranged at the window opening to be formed, and one side of the window hole template 30 is attached to the side of the corresponding sub-frame 20 and the bottom of the window hole template 30 Place partly on the corresponding positioning baffle plate 23, and connect and fix the other side of the window formwork 30 with the corresponding wall formwork;

Fasten and connect the two window templates 30 located on both sides of the sub-frame 20 through pins 51 and pins 52 to clamp the sub-frame 20;

The window hole formwork 30 positioned at the periphery of the window hole 12 to be formed is sequentially butt-connected, and the sub-frames 20 positioned at the periphery of the window hole 12 to be formed are sequentially butt-connected, so that the window hole template 30 and the sub-frame 20 enclose the window hole; and

Concrete is poured in the pouring space between the wall templates to form the wall 11 , and the anchor plate 22 is embedded in the wall 11 .

The anchor plate 22 in the pre-embedding method of the present invention provides a firm connection foundation for the subframe 20 on the one hand, and provides a waterproof function for the subframe 20 on the other hand, forming a leak-free structure, avoiding the installation of the subframe 20 The problem of water leakage. The positioning baffle 23 is used to position the window formwork of the square frame body 21 holding the subframe 20. The subframe 20 is installed together with the wall formwork. After the wall is poured, the subframe 20 is left on the wall , thereby completing the installation and fixing of the sub-frame 20. The square frame body 21 of the subframe 20 is clamped by the window hole formwork, and the square frame body 21 is also used as a template for the window opening, so that the subframe 20 can be firmly and stably connected with the formwork, improving the embedding effect and quality of the subframe 20, and It reduces the multi-channel construction process of the existing post-installation sub-frame, and reduces the workload of cross-operation. On the one hand, the cavity 211 facilitates the connection between the square frame bodies 21 of two adjacent sub-frames 20 through connecting corners, and on the other hand, it also facilitates the installation of windows.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sub-frames located at the periphery of the window hole to be formed are butt-connected sequentially, including:

Cutting the end of the sub-frame 20 to form a bevel;

Provide the connection angle code, set the connection angle code at the junction of two adjacent sub-frames 20, and insert the end of the connection angle code into the corresponding sub-frame 20;

Inject glue into the cavity 211 of the sub-frame 20 from the bevel to fix the ends of the connecting corners, and connect the bevels of the adjacent two sub-frames 20, thus completing the two adjacent sub-frames. connect.

As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes:

A base plate 221 is vertically connected to the bottom of the anchor plate 22, and when the sub-frame 20 is installed, the base plate 221 is attached to the corresponding steel bars in the wall formwork.

The stability of the sub-frame 20 can be improved by using the provided bottom plate 221 . When the sub-frame 20 is installed, the bottom plate 221 leans against the corresponding wall reinforcement to provide a certain supporting force for the sub-frame 20 . Also preferably, the bottom plate 221 is fixedly connected to the corresponding wall reinforcement.

The pre-embedded method of the present invention also includes: after the wall body reaches the designed strength, the wall formwork and the window opening formwork are removed, and the sub-frame 20 remains on the wall body 11 . Then install window 41 on the square frame body 21 of subframe 20, the main frame of window 41 is fastened on the square frame body 21 of subframe 20 by self-tapping screw 42, fills between main frame and subframe 20 There is polyurethane foam 43. Then on the body of wall 11 around the window opening 12, a plastering layer 13 and an insulating layer 14 are set, and the plastering layer 13 is located on the indoor side of the body of wall 11, and the plastering layer 13 is located on the top, the bottom and the top of the window opening 12. On the body of wall 11 of the side portion, an insulation layer 14 is arranged on the outdoor side of the body of wall 11, and the insulation layer 14 is arranged on the top, bottom, and body of wall 11 of the side portion of the window opening 12, and the insulation layer 14 is treated with a waterproof gradient. . The thicknesses of the plastering layer 13 and the insulation layer 14 are all greater than the thickness of the square frame of the subframe 20, and a sealant is provided at the junction of the plastering layer 13 and the main frame for sealing, and a sealant is provided at the junction of the insulation layer 14 and the main frame. Sealant to seal.

The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the embodiments of the accompanying drawings, and those skilled in the art can make various changes to the present invention according to the above description. Therefore, some details in the embodiments should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the present invention will take the scope defined by the appended claims as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. it is a kind of pair frame, be embedded on the wall at window hole in advance, which is characterized in that it is described pair frame include:

Square frame in long strip, inner hollow form cavity；

It is erected on the square frame bottom and for being embedded in the intracorporal anchor plate of the wall；And

It is vertically connected at the square frame both sides and the positioning baffle extended to the square frame outside, it is described fixed Position baffle upper surface and the square frame bottom lower surface flush be arranged, the positioning baffle, the anchor plate with And the square frame is integrally formed.

2. pair frame as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the anchor plate is two, and the corresponding square frame Both sides setting, the anchor plate are also fixedly connected with corresponding positioning baffle.

3. pair frame as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the bottom end of the anchor plate is vertically connected with bottom plate.

4. a kind of pre-buried structure of pair frame characterized by comprising

Pair frame as described in claim 1, is placed at window hole to be formed；And

Window opening template at window hole to be formed, a side of the window opening template are attached at the side of corresponding secondary frame Portion, the other side of the window opening template are connected and fixed with corresponding wall form；The bottom part of the window opening template is placed in On corresponding positioning baffle, the window opening template positioned at the secondary frame two sides is fastenedly connected by pin and selling sheet and clamps the pair Frame, to be enclosed window hole by the window opening template and the secondary frame, and the anchor plate of the secondary frame is placed in the wall In casting space between body template.

5. the pre-buried structure of pair frame as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the bottom end of the anchor plate is vertically connected with bottom Plate, and the bottom plate is attached at the reinforcing bar on the inside of the wall form.

6. the pre-buried structure of pair frame as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that casting concrete is formed in the casting space Wall, and corresponding window hole, the square frame bottom are formed with by the secondary frame and the window opening template in the wall Portion is in contact with the surface of wall at the window hole, and the positioning baffle and the anchor plate are embedded in corresponding wall.

7. a kind of built-in process of pair frame, which comprises the steps of:

Construction wall form, and opening corresponding with window hole to be formed is set in staying on the wall form；

Secondary frame as described in claim 1 is provided, the secondary frame is placed at window hole to be formed；

Window opening template is provided, the window opening template is set at window hole to be formed, and by a side of the window opening template The bottom part of the side and the window opening template that are attached at corresponding secondary frame is placed on corresponding positioning baffle, by the window opening The other side of template is connected and fixed with corresponding wall form；

Two window opening templates for being located at the secondary frame two sides are fastenedly connected to clamp the secondary frame by pin and selling sheet；

The window opening template for being located at window hole periphery to be formed is successively connected, window hole periphery to be formed will be located at Secondary frame is successively connected, so that the window opening template and the secondary frame are enclosed window hole；And

Casting concrete to be in casting space between the wall form to form wall, and the anchor plate be embedded in it is described In wall.

8. built-in process as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the secondary frame of window hole periphery to be formed will be located at successively It is connected, comprising:

The end cut of the secondary frame is formed into an angle；

Connecting corner yard is provided, the connecting corner yard is set to the junction of adjacent two secondary frames, and by the connecting corner yard End is inserted in corresponding secondary frame；

Into the cavity of the secondary frame, injecting glue is with the end of the fixation connecting corner yard from the angle, and by adjacent two The angle of secondary frame docks, so as to complete the connection of adjacent two secondary frames.

9. built-in process as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that further include:

A bottom plate is vertically connected in the bottom end of the anchor plate, when secondary frame is arranged, the bottom plate is attached at the wall mould Corresponding reinforcing bar in plate.