CN109023561A - A kind of batch prepares the electrostatic spinning apparatus of core-shell structure fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of electrospinning, in particular to an electrospinning device for preparing core-shell structure fibers in batches. It includes a diverter block, a nozzle and an electrode plate, the diverter block is arranged above the nozzle, and the electrode plate is located below the nozzle; the nozzle includes a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a third sleeve, a mandrel, and a second sleeve Arranged in the first sleeve, the upper part of the second sleeve is fixedly connected with the upper part of the first sleeve, an annular flow channel I is provided between the middle and lower parts of the second sleeve and the middle and lower part of the first sleeve, and the third The sleeve is arranged in the second sleeve, the upper part of the third sleeve is fixedly connected with the upper part of the second sleeve, and an annular flow channel II is provided between the middle and lower part of the third sleeve and the middle and lower part of the second sleeve, The mandrel is arranged in the third sleeve, the upper part of the mandrel is fixedly connected with the third sleeve, and an annular channel III is provided between the middle and lower part of the mandrel and the middle and lower part of the third sleeve. The device realizes mass production of core-shell structural fibers or hollow fibers.

Description

An electrospinning device for batch preparation of core-shell structure fibers

technical field

The invention relates to the field of electrospinning, in particular to an electrospinning device for preparing core-shell structure fibers in batches.

Background technique

Electrospinning technology is a method of using high-voltage static electricity to make polymer melt or solution into ultrafine fibers. It has the characteristics of simple device, low cost, controllable process, wide material applicability, and continuous production. Widespread concern. Traditional electrospinning equipment uses ordinary capillary needles, which can only prepare solid and smooth single-component nanofibers.

With the continuous development of electrospinning and nanomaterial technology, new requirements are put forward for the functional application of nanofibers. The core-shell structure fiber is composed of one material and another material, and has a double-layer structure. It has a wide range of application potentials in medical dressings, drug sustained release, dielectric materials, and phase change materials. Therefore, on the basis of traditional electrospinning technology, coaxial electrospinning has been developed, which is to install the core and shell materials in two syringes respectively, and the spinning nozzle consists of two coaxial capillary tubes with different inner diameters. Composition, the inner and outer layer materials meet at the tip of the capillary and are stretched and deformed under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field to solidify into a coaxial composite fiber. If the core layer material is removed by heating or dissolving, and the shell layer material is left, the hollow fiber is obtained. The coaxial electrospinning method can facilitate the preparation of core-shell structure fibers, but only one fiber can be spun at a time, which is inefficient and limits its application field. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an electrospinning nozzle for batch production of core-shell structure fibers.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, and propose an electrospinning device for preparing core-shell structure fibers in batches, and realize the mass production of core-shell structure fibers or hollow fibers.

The technical solution of the present invention is: an electrospinning device for preparing core-shell structure fibers in batches, which includes a diverter block, a nozzle and an electrode plate, the diverter block is arranged above the nozzle, and the electrode plate is located below the nozzle;

The spray head includes a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a third sleeve, and a mandrel, the second sleeve is arranged in the first sleeve, the upper part of the second sleeve is fixedly connected with the upper part of the first sleeve, There is an annular flow channel I between the middle and lower part of the second sleeve and the middle and lower part of the first sleeve, the third sleeve is set in the second sleeve, and the upper part of the third sleeve is fixed to the upper part of the second sleeve connection, an annular flow passage II is provided between the middle and lower part of the third sleeve and the middle and lower part of the second sleeve, the mandrel is set in the third sleeve, the upper part of the mandrel is fixedly connected with the third sleeve, and the mandrel An annular flow channel III is provided between the middle and lower part of the third sleeve;

The first sleeve is provided with obliquely arranged direct-flow channel I and direct-flow channel II, the mandrel is provided with a vertical direct-flow channel IV, the bottom of the diverter block is in contact with the upper surface of the nozzle, and the top of the diverter block There is a shell material inlet, and there are two shunt channels in the splitter block. The shell material inlet is connected with the two split runners. The flow channel is connected, the bottom of the straight channel I is connected with the annular flow channel I, the top of the straight channel IV is connected with the flow channel in the flow distribution block, and the bottom end of the straight channel IV is connected with the annular flow channel III;

The top of the straight channel II communicates with the inlet of the nuclear layer material, and the second sleeve is provided with a straight channel III, the top of the straight channel III communicates with the bottom end of the straight channel II, and the bottom end of the straight channel III communicates with the annular flow channel II connected;

Both the bottoms of the second sleeve and the third sleeve are provided with pointed ends, and the shapes of the bottom ends of the second sleeve and the third sleeve are arranged symmetrically;

Electrode plates are arranged below the bottom tips of the second sleeve and the third sleeve, and the electrode plates are connected to a high-voltage electrostatic generator.

In the present invention, after the shell material enters the material distribution block through the inlet, it is evenly divided into two parts along the flow distribution channel, and flows into the direct flow channel I and the direct flow channel IV respectively, and a heating rod is arranged in the flow distribution block. The heating rod realizes the temperature control of the shell material and ensures the fluidity of the shell material in the distribution block.

The outside of the first sleeve is wrapped with a heating ring. By arranging the heating ring, the temperature of the shell material in the first sleeve can be guaranteed, and the fluidity of the shell material can be ensured.

The distance between the electrode plate and the tip is 70-150mm, preferably 80mm.

Beneficial effects of the invention: the device is simple in structure, easy to use, and realizes mass production of core-shell structure fibers or hollow fibers.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 shell material inlet; 2 shunt block; 3 heating rod; 4 first sleeve; 401 straight channel I; 602 annular flow channel Ⅱ; 7 third sleeve; 701 annular flow channel Ⅲ; 8 mandrel; 801 direct flow channel Ⅳ; 9 core-shell structure fiber; ; 13 high voltage electrostatic generator.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Fig. 1, a kind of electrospinning device of preparing core-shell structure fiber in batches according to the present invention comprises a splitter block 2, a shower head and an electrode plate 10, the splitter block 2 is arranged above the shower head, and the electrode plate 10 is positioned at the top of the shower head below. The nozzle includes a first sleeve 4, a second sleeve 6, a third sleeve 7, and a mandrel 8. The second sleeve 6 is arranged in the first sleeve 4, and the upper part of the second sleeve 6 is connected to the first sleeve. The upper part of 4 is fixedly connected, and an annular flow channel I402 is provided between the middle and lower part of the second sleeve 6 and the middle and lower part of the first sleeve 4 . The third sleeve 7 is arranged in the second sleeve 6, the upper part of the third sleeve 7 is fixedly connected with the upper part of the second sleeve 6, and the middle and lower part of the third sleeve 7 is connected with the middle and lower part of the second sleeve 6. There is an annular flow channel II602 between them. The mandrel 8 is arranged in the third sleeve 7 , the upper part of the mandrel 8 is fixedly connected with the third sleeve 7 , and an annular channel III 701 is provided between the middle and lower parts of the mandrel 8 and the third sleeve 7 .

As shown in the figure, the first sleeve 4 is provided with obliquely arranged direct-flow channels I 401 and direct-flow channels II 403 , and the mandrel 8 is provided with vertical direct-flow channels IV 801 . The bottom of the diverter block 2 is in contact with the upper surface of the nozzle, the top of the diverter block 2 is provided with a shell material inlet 1, and there are two shunt channels inside the diverter block 2, the shell material inlet 1 communicates with the two diverter channels, They are respectively connected to the direct channel I401 and the direct channel IV801. After the shell material enters the material distribution block 2 through the inlet 1, it is evenly divided into two parts along the flow channel, and flows into the direct channel I401 and the direct channel IV801 respectively, and the flow block 2 A heating rod 3 is provided to control the temperature of the shell material and ensure the fluidity of the shell material in the distribution block 2 . The top of the straight channel I401 communicates with the shunt channel in the splitter block, and the bottom end of the straight channel I401 communicates with the annular flow channel I402. The top of the straight passage IV 801 communicates with the shunt passage in the shunt block, and the bottom end of the straight passage IV 801 communicates with the annular flow passage III 701 . The outer side of the first sleeve 4 is wrapped with a heating ring 5 , by setting the heating ring 5 , the temperature of the melt in the nozzle can be maintained, and the fluidity of the core layer and the shell layer material can be ensured.

The top of the straight channel II 403 communicates with the nuclear layer material inlet 12, the second sleeve 6 is provided with a straight channel III 601, the top of the straight channel III 601 communicates with the bottom end of the straight channel II 403, and the bottom end of the straight channel III 601 communicates with the annular flow channel II 602 After being connected, the nuclear layer material enters through the inlet 12 and then enters the annular flow channel II 602 through the straight channel II 403 and the straight channel III 601 .

Both the bottoms of the second sleeve 6 and the third sleeve 7 are provided with pointed ends, and the shapes of the bottom ends of the second sleeve 6 and the third sleeve 7 are arranged symmetrically. Therefore, when the shell material flows to the bottom along the annular flow channel I402 and the annular flow channel III701 respectively, and when the core layer material flows to the bottom along the annular flow channel II602, it gathers at the tip of the bottom, because the annular flow channel II602 is located in the annular flow channel Between I402 and annular channel III701, the inner and outer shell materials form an annular coating on the core material.

An electrode plate 10 is provided below the tip of the bottom of the second sleeve 6 and the third sleeve 7, and the electrode plate 10 is connected to a high-voltage electrostatic generator 13. The distance between the electrode plate 10 and the tip is 70-150mm, preferably 80mm. After the high-voltage electrostatic generator 13 is turned on, the shell material and core layer material at the tip are charged under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field, self-organized to form a plurality of Taylor cones evenly distributed, and then form multiple jets, which are cooled and solidified during the jet falling. Core-shell microfiber.

In the present invention, the shell layer material can be polymer melt or solution; the core layer material can be polymer melt or solution, or fluids such as oil, water, and gas.

The working process of the present invention is as follows: the shell material enters the diverter block 2 at a certain flow rate, is evenly divided into two parts by the diverter block 2, and enters the direct-flow channel I401 of the first sleeve 4 and the direct-flow channel IV801 of the mandrel 8 respectively. Then, after forming a uniform circumferential distribution along the annular flow channel I402 and annular flow channel III701, they are distributed into a uniform film through the tip cone surface and then collected to form the shell part of the fiber. At the same time, the core material is in a certain configuration The specific flow rate enters the straight channel II403 and the straight channel III601 through the core layer material inlet 12, and reaches the center of the tip through the annular flow channel II602, and is ring-wrapped by the inner and outer shell materials. Under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field, the tip fluid is charged , Self-organized to form multiple jets with uniform intervals, solvent volatilization or melt cooling and solidification to form core-shell structure ultrafine fibers, and further remove the core material by heating or dissolving to obtain hollow fibers.

Claims (4)

1. the electrostatic spinning apparatus that a kind of batch prepares core-shell structure fiber, it is characterised in that: including branching block (2), spray head and The top of spray head is arranged in electrode plate (10), branching block (2), and electrode plate (10) is located at the lower section of spray head；

The spray head includes first sleeve (4), second sleeve (6), 3rd sleeve (7), mandrel (8), and second sleeve (6) setting exists In first sleeve (4), the top of second sleeve (6) is fixedly connected with the top of first sleeve (4), in second sleeve (6) under Annular channel I (402) is equipped between portion and the middle and lower part of first sleeve (4), 3rd sleeve (7) setting is interior in second sleeve (6), The top of 3rd sleeve (7) is fixedly connected with the top of second sleeve (6), the middle and lower part and second sleeve (6) of 3rd sleeve (7) Middle and lower part between be equipped with annular channel II (602), mandrel (8) setting is in the 3rd sleeve (7), the top of mandrel (8) and the Three sleeves (7) are fixedly connected, and annular channel III is equipped between the middle and lower part of mandrel (8) and the middle and lower part of 3rd sleeve (7) (701)；

It is equipped with the straight channel I (401) and straight channel II (403) being inclined to set in the first sleeve (4), is set in mandrel (8) There is the straight channel IV (801) of vertical direction, the bottom of branching block (2) is contacted with the upper surface of spray head, and branching block is set at the top of (2) Having Shell Materials entrance (1), is set in branching block (2) there are two runner, Shell Materials entrance (1) is connected to two runners, and two Runner is connected to straight channel I (401) and straight channel II (403) respectively, point in the top and branching block of straight channel I (401) Runner connection, the bottom end of straight channel I (401) is connected to annular channel I (402), in the top and branching block of straight channel IV (801) Runner connection, the bottom end of straight channel IV (801) is connected to annular channel III (701)；

The top of the straight channel II (403) is connected to core layer material entrance (12), and straight channel III is equipped in second sleeve (6) (601), the top of straight channel III (601) is connected to the bottom end of straight channel II (403), the bottom end of straight channel III (601) and annular Runner II (602) connection；

The bottom of the second sleeve (6) and 3rd sleeve (7) is equipped with tip, and second sleeve (6) and third cover logical (7) Lower shape is symmetrical set；

The lower section of the second sleeve (6) and 3rd sleeve (7) bottom tip is equipped with electrode plate (10), electrode plate (10) and high pressure Electrostatic generator (13) connection.

2. the electrostatic spinning apparatus that a kind of batch according to claim 1 prepares core-shell structure fiber, it is characterised in that: institute It states after Shell Materials enter distribution block (2) by entrance (1), by uniform divided flows is two parts along runner, separately flows into straight In runner I (401) and straight channel IV (801), heating rod (3) are equipped in branching block (2).

3. the electrostatic spinning apparatus that a kind of batch according to claim 1 prepares core-shell structure fiber, it is characterised in that: institute It states and is enclosed with heating coil (5) on the outside of first sleeve (4).

4. the electrostatic spinning apparatus that a kind of batch according to claim 1 prepares core-shell structure fiber, it is characterised in that: institute Stating the distance between electrode plate (10) and tip is 70-150mm.