CN109022661B - Method for reducing heavy rail steel rail damage rate - Google Patents
Method for reducing heavy rail steel rail damage rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN109022661B CN109022661B CN201710439364.3A CN201710439364A CN109022661B CN 109022661 B CN109022661 B CN 109022661B CN 201710439364 A CN201710439364 A CN 201710439364A CN 109022661 B CN109022661 B CN 109022661B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001914 calming effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 206010039897 Sedation Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000036280 sedation Effects 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
- B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
- B22D11/188—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to thickness of solidified shell
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/068—Decarburising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及冶炼领域,特别涉及一种降低重轨钢伤轨率的方法。The invention relates to the field of smelting, in particular to a method for reducing the rail damage rate of heavy rail steel.
背景技术Background technique
生产重轨钢一般采用铁水预处理-转炉炼钢-LF炉-RH或VD-大方坯连铸工艺进行生产,总体工艺路线比较流行,但重轨钢的伤轨率总体较高且稳定性不好,如何创新、把控技术参数细节提高钢坯纯净度以明显改善重轨钢探伤合格率一直困扰着生产实践。影响重轨钢探伤合格率的因素除了氢致裂纹外主要是钢中夹杂物没有排除去且尺寸较大导致重轨探伤不合格报废。氢致裂纹可以通过真空脱氢解决,提高重轨钢探伤合格率重点是减少产生并有效去除夹杂产物及避免为外来夹杂物在浇注中对钢水的污染。基于这些因素需要设计一套新操作方法来降低并稳定重轨钢伤轨率。Heavy rail steel is generally produced by molten iron pretreatment - converter steelmaking - LF furnace - RH or VD - bloom continuous casting process. The overall process route is relatively popular, but the rail damage rate of heavy rail steel is generally high and the stability is unstable Well, how to innovate and control the details of technical parameters to improve the purity of the billet to significantly improve the pass rate of heavy rail steel flaw detection has always plagued production practice. In addition to hydrogen-induced cracks, the main factors affecting the pass rate of heavy rail steel flaw detection are that the inclusions in the steel are not removed and the size is large, which leads to the unqualified and scrapped heavy rail flaw detection. Hydrogen-induced cracks can be solved by vacuum dehydrogenation. The key to improving the pass rate of heavy rail steel flaw detection is to reduce the generation and effectively remove inclusion products and avoid foreign inclusions polluting molten steel during casting. Based on these factors, it is necessary to design a new operating method to reduce and stabilize the rail damage rate of heavy rail steel.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种降低重轨钢伤轨率的方法,采用铁水预处理-转炉炼钢-LF炉-RH(或VD)-大方坯连铸工艺进行生产重轨钢,解决伤轨率总体较高且稳定性不好,导致探伤不合格的问题。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for reducing the rail damage rate of heavy rail steel, which adopts molten iron pretreatment-converter steelmaking-LF furnace-RH (or VD)-bloom continuous casting process to produce heavy rail steel, Solve the problem that the fault rail rate is generally high and the stability is not good, resulting in unqualified flaw detection.
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案实现:To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to realize:
一种降低重轨钢伤轨率的方法,包括以下具体步骤:A method for reducing the rail damage rate of heavy rail steel, comprising the following specific steps:
1)生产重轨钢的铁水脱硫的质量百分比到0.0010%以下,铁水脱硫后扒除顶渣;1) The mass percentage of molten iron desulfurization for producing heavy rail steel is below 0.0010%, and the top slag is removed after the molten iron desulfurization;
2)转炉出钢碳的质量百分比≥0.25%,避免低碳出钢;2) The mass percentage of carbon in converter tapping is ≥ 0.25% to avoid low carbon tapping;
3)精炼LF炉控制钢水顶渣碱度=1.8~2.5,渣中Al2O3含量控制在4~10%,LF炉脱硫率控制30%以下;3) Refining LF furnace controls molten steel top slag basicity=1.8~2.5, Al 2 O 3 content in slag is controlled at 4~10%, LF furnace desulfurization rate is controlled below 30%;
4)采用上一回次非铝脱氧、不含钛的钢种使用的钢水罐;4) The molten steel tank used in the last non-aluminum deoxidized and titanium-free steel grade;
5)若VD处理,真空处理后期弱吹氩时间≥10分钟;若RH处理深真空净循环时间≥15分钟,真空处理后至浇注镇静时间≥20分钟;5) If VD treatment, the weak argon blowing time in the later stage of vacuum treatment is ≥10 minutes; if RH treatment is deep vacuum net cycle time ≥15 minutes, after vacuum treatment to pouring sedation time ≥20 minutes;
6)中包烘烤温度达到1400℃以上并保持时间≥20分钟;6) The baking temperature of the middle bag reaches above 1400℃ and the holding time is ≥20 minutes;
7)连铸中间包水口不吹氩气,结晶器采取无氩气操作,消除氩气波动对卷渣的影响;7) The nozzle of the continuous casting tundish is not blown with argon, and the crystallizer is operated without argon to eliminate the influence of argon fluctuations on the slag entrainment;
8)单个结晶器电磁搅拌电流≥350A;8) The electromagnetic stirring current of a single crystallizer is ≥350A;
9)连铸结晶器液位采取自动控制,波动≤±3mm;结晶器液面采取单渣线操作;9) The liquid level of the continuous casting mold is automatically controlled, and the fluctuation is ≤±3mm; the liquid level of the mold is operated by a single slag line;
10)结晶器内保护渣总渣层厚度目标控制到40±5mm;10) The thickness of the total slag layer of the mold slag in the mold should be controlled to 40±5mm;
11)中间包钢水过热度≥25℃,避免低温浇注。11) The superheat degree of molten steel in the tundish is ≥25℃, and low temperature pouring is avoided.
与现有的技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明控制重轨钢夹杂物含量,提高钢质纯净,重轨钢伤轨率从0.6~0.8%降低到0.3%以下,并保持较稳定,伤轨率明显降低,大幅度降低了探伤不合格废品的产生量,产品质量有了大幅度提升。The invention controls the inclusion content of the heavy rail steel, improves the purity of the steel, reduces the rail damage rate of the heavy rail steel from 0.6 to 0.8% to less than 0.3%, and keeps it relatively stable, the rail damage rate is obviously reduced, and the unqualified flaw detection is greatly reduced. The amount of waste generated and the quality of products have been greatly improved.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合实施例对本发明进一步说明:Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described:
以下实施例对本发明进行详细描述。这些实施例仅是对本发明的最佳实施方案进行描述,并不对本发明的范围进行限制。The following examples illustrate the invention in detail. These examples merely describe the best embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
实施例1生产重轨钢U71Mn的操作控制方法,Embodiment 1 produces the operation control method of heavy rail steel U71Mn,
1)生产重轨钢的铁水脱硫的质量百分比到0.005%以下,铁水脱硫后扒除顶渣。1) The mass percentage of the molten iron desulfurization in the production of heavy rail steel is below 0.005%, and the top slag is removed after the molten iron is desulfurized.
2)转炉出钢碳的质量百分比为0.30%~0.63%。2) The mass percentage of the converter tapping carbon is 0.30% to 0.63%.
3)精炼LF炉控制钢水顶渣碱度为2.0~2.2,渣中Al2O3质量百分比含量控制在5~8%,LF炉脱硫率控制20%以下。3) The basicity of the molten steel top slag is controlled to be 2.0-2.2 in the refining LF furnace, the mass percentage content of Al 2 O 3 in the slag is controlled to be 5-8%, and the desulfurization rate of the LF furnace is controlled to be less than 20%.
4采用上一回次非铝脱氧、不含钛的钢种使用的钢水罐。4. The molten steel tank used in the last non-aluminum deoxidized and titanium-free steel grade is used.
5)若VD处理,真空处理末期弱吹氩时间10~12分钟;若RH处理,深真空净循环时间20分钟。真空处理后至浇注镇静时间25~30分钟。5) In the case of VD treatment, the weak argon blowing time at the end of the vacuum treatment is 10-12 minutes; in the case of RH treatment, the deep vacuum net cycle time is 20 minutes. After the vacuum treatment, the pouring sedation time is 25 to 30 minutes.
6)中包烘烤温度达到1450℃以上并保持时间30分钟。6) The baking temperature of the middle bag reaches above 1450°C and the holding time is 30 minutes.
7)连铸中间包水口不吹氩气,结晶器采取无氩气操作。7) The nozzle of the continuous casting tundish is not blown with argon, and the mold is operated without argon.
8)单个结晶器电磁搅拌电流500A。8) The electromagnetic stirring current of a single crystallizer is 500A.
9)连铸结晶器液位采取自动控制,波动≤±3mm;结晶器液面采取单渣线操作。9) The liquid level of the continuous casting mold is automatically controlled, and the fluctuation is ≤±3mm; the liquid level of the mold is operated by a single slag line.
10)结晶器内保护渣总渣层厚度目标控制到35~40mm,10) The thickness of the total slag layer of the mold slag in the mold should be controlled to 35-40mm,
11)中间包钢水目标过热度为28℃。11) The target superheat degree of molten steel in the tundish is 28℃.
实施例2Example 2
实施例1生产重轨钢U75VG的操作控制方法,Embodiment 1 produces the operation control method of heavy rail steel U75VG,
1)生产重轨钢的铁水脱硫的质量百分比到0.003%以下,铁水脱硫后扒除顶渣。1) The mass percentage of the molten iron desulfurization in the production of heavy rail steel is below 0.003%, and the top slag is removed after the molten iron is desulfurized.
2)转炉出钢碳的质量百分比为0.25%~0.66%。2) The mass percentage of the converter tapping carbon is 0.25% to 0.66%.
3)精炼LF炉控制钢水顶渣碱度为1.9~2.0,渣中Al2O3质量百分比含量控制在7~9%,LF炉脱硫率控制15%以下。3) The basicity of the molten steel top slag is controlled to be 1.9-2.0 in the refining LF furnace, the mass percentage content of Al 2 O 3 in the slag is controlled to be 7-9%, and the desulfurization rate of the LF furnace is controlled to be less than 15%.
4采用上一回次非铝脱氧、不含钛的钢种使用的钢水罐。4. The molten steel tank used in the last non-aluminum deoxidized and titanium-free steel grade is used.
5)若VD处理,真空处理后期弱吹氩时间13~18分钟;若RH处理,深真空净循环时间20分钟。真空处理后至浇注镇静时间30~35分钟。5) In the case of VD treatment, the weak argon blowing time in the later stage of vacuum treatment is 13-18 minutes; in case of RH treatment, the deep vacuum net cycle time is 20 minutes. After the vacuum treatment, the pouring sedation time is 30 to 35 minutes.
6)中包烘烤温度达到1450℃以上并保持时间25分钟。6) The baking temperature of the middle bag reaches above 1450°C and the holding time is 25 minutes.
7)连铸中间包水口不吹氩气,结晶器采取无氩气操作。7) The nozzle of the continuous casting tundish is not blown with argon, and the mold is operated without argon.
8)单个结晶器电磁搅拌电流450A。8) The electromagnetic stirring current of a single crystallizer is 450A.
9)连铸结晶器液位采取自动控制,波动≤±3mm;结晶器液面采取单渣线操作。9) The liquid level of the continuous casting mold is automatically controlled, and the fluctuation is ≤±3mm; the liquid level of the mold is operated by a single slag line.
10)结晶器内保护渣总渣层厚度目标控制到37~42mm,10) The thickness of the total slag layer of the mold slag in the mold should be controlled to 37-42mm,
11)中间包钢水目标过热度为30℃。11) The target superheat degree of molten steel in the tundish is 30℃.
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CN110923405B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2022-03-25 | 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Process control method for reducing hydrogen hazard in steel rail |
CN112593136A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-04-02 | 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Smelting method for reducing formation of large inclusions in steel rail for high-speed railway |
CN113564308B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-10 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of control method of liquid level fluctuation of low-aluminum non-oriented silicon steel mold |
CN116377323A (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-07-04 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | High-silicon high-manganese aluminum-free heavy rail steel composition control method |
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