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CN109022661B - Method for reducing heavy rail steel rail damage rate - Google Patents

Method for reducing heavy rail steel rail damage rate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109022661B
CN109022661B CN201710439364.3A CN201710439364A CN109022661B CN 109022661 B CN109022661 B CN 109022661B CN 201710439364 A CN201710439364 A CN 201710439364A CN 109022661 B CN109022661 B CN 109022661B
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steel
slag
minutes
argon
heavy rail
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CN109022661A (en
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徐向阳
李田
徐博
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Angang Steel Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/02Dephosphorising or desulfurising
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11Treating the molten metal
    • B22D11/114Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
    • B22D11/115Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/18Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
    • B22D11/188Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to thickness of solidified shell
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/06Deoxidising, e.g. killing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/064Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/068Decarburising
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/10Handling in a vacuum

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for reducing the rail damage rate of heavy rail steel, wherein the mass percentage of molten iron desulphurization for producing the heavy rail steel is below 0.0010%; the mass percentage of the carbon tapped from the converter is more than or equal to 0.25 percent; controlling the alkalinity of the top slag of the molten steel to be 1.8-2.5 in the refining LF furnace, wherein Al in the slag2O3The content is controlled to be 4-10%, and the desulfurization rate of the LF furnace is controlled to be below 30%; adopting the molten steel tank used by the previous non-aluminum deoxidation and titanium-free steel grade; 5) if VD processing is carried out, the weak argon blowing time in the later stage of vacuum processing is more than or equal to 10 minutes; if the RH treatment deep vacuum net circulation time is more than or equal to 15 minutes, the casting and calming time after the vacuum treatment is more than or equal to 20 minutes; the baking temperature of the tundish reaches more than 1400 ℃ and the holding time is more than or equal to 20 minutes; argon is not blown at a water gap of the continuous casting tundish, and the crystallizer is operated without argon; controlling the thickness target of the total slag layer of the covering slag in the crystallizer to be 40 +/-5 mm; the superheat degree of the molten steel in the tundish is more than or equal to 25 ℃. The invention controls the content of the inclusions in the heavy rail steel, improves the purity of the steel, greatly reduces the production of waste products and greatly improves the product quality.

Description

一种降低重轨钢伤轨率的方法A method to reduce the rail damage rate of heavy rail steel

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及冶炼领域,特别涉及一种降低重轨钢伤轨率的方法。The invention relates to the field of smelting, in particular to a method for reducing the rail damage rate of heavy rail steel.

背景技术Background technique

生产重轨钢一般采用铁水预处理-转炉炼钢-LF炉-RH或VD-大方坯连铸工艺进行生产,总体工艺路线比较流行,但重轨钢的伤轨率总体较高且稳定性不好,如何创新、把控技术参数细节提高钢坯纯净度以明显改善重轨钢探伤合格率一直困扰着生产实践。影响重轨钢探伤合格率的因素除了氢致裂纹外主要是钢中夹杂物没有排除去且尺寸较大导致重轨探伤不合格报废。氢致裂纹可以通过真空脱氢解决,提高重轨钢探伤合格率重点是减少产生并有效去除夹杂产物及避免为外来夹杂物在浇注中对钢水的污染。基于这些因素需要设计一套新操作方法来降低并稳定重轨钢伤轨率。Heavy rail steel is generally produced by molten iron pretreatment - converter steelmaking - LF furnace - RH or VD - bloom continuous casting process. The overall process route is relatively popular, but the rail damage rate of heavy rail steel is generally high and the stability is unstable Well, how to innovate and control the details of technical parameters to improve the purity of the billet to significantly improve the pass rate of heavy rail steel flaw detection has always plagued production practice. In addition to hydrogen-induced cracks, the main factors affecting the pass rate of heavy rail steel flaw detection are that the inclusions in the steel are not removed and the size is large, which leads to the unqualified and scrapped heavy rail flaw detection. Hydrogen-induced cracks can be solved by vacuum dehydrogenation. The key to improving the pass rate of heavy rail steel flaw detection is to reduce the generation and effectively remove inclusion products and avoid foreign inclusions polluting molten steel during casting. Based on these factors, it is necessary to design a new operating method to reduce and stabilize the rail damage rate of heavy rail steel.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种降低重轨钢伤轨率的方法,采用铁水预处理-转炉炼钢-LF炉-RH(或VD)-大方坯连铸工艺进行生产重轨钢,解决伤轨率总体较高且稳定性不好,导致探伤不合格的问题。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for reducing the rail damage rate of heavy rail steel, which adopts molten iron pretreatment-converter steelmaking-LF furnace-RH (or VD)-bloom continuous casting process to produce heavy rail steel, Solve the problem that the fault rail rate is generally high and the stability is not good, resulting in unqualified flaw detection.

为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案实现:To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to realize:

一种降低重轨钢伤轨率的方法,包括以下具体步骤:A method for reducing the rail damage rate of heavy rail steel, comprising the following specific steps:

1)生产重轨钢的铁水脱硫的质量百分比到0.0010%以下,铁水脱硫后扒除顶渣;1) The mass percentage of molten iron desulfurization for producing heavy rail steel is below 0.0010%, and the top slag is removed after the molten iron desulfurization;

2)转炉出钢碳的质量百分比≥0.25%,避免低碳出钢;2) The mass percentage of carbon in converter tapping is ≥ 0.25% to avoid low carbon tapping;

3)精炼LF炉控制钢水顶渣碱度=1.8~2.5,渣中Al2O3含量控制在4~10%,LF炉脱硫率控制30%以下;3) Refining LF furnace controls molten steel top slag basicity=1.8~2.5, Al 2 O 3 content in slag is controlled at 4~10%, LF furnace desulfurization rate is controlled below 30%;

4)采用上一回次非铝脱氧、不含钛的钢种使用的钢水罐;4) The molten steel tank used in the last non-aluminum deoxidized and titanium-free steel grade;

5)若VD处理,真空处理后期弱吹氩时间≥10分钟;若RH处理深真空净循环时间≥15分钟,真空处理后至浇注镇静时间≥20分钟;5) If VD treatment, the weak argon blowing time in the later stage of vacuum treatment is ≥10 minutes; if RH treatment is deep vacuum net cycle time ≥15 minutes, after vacuum treatment to pouring sedation time ≥20 minutes;

6)中包烘烤温度达到1400℃以上并保持时间≥20分钟;6) The baking temperature of the middle bag reaches above 1400℃ and the holding time is ≥20 minutes;

7)连铸中间包水口不吹氩气,结晶器采取无氩气操作,消除氩气波动对卷渣的影响;7) The nozzle of the continuous casting tundish is not blown with argon, and the crystallizer is operated without argon to eliminate the influence of argon fluctuations on the slag entrainment;

8)单个结晶器电磁搅拌电流≥350A;8) The electromagnetic stirring current of a single crystallizer is ≥350A;

9)连铸结晶器液位采取自动控制,波动≤±3mm;结晶器液面采取单渣线操作;9) The liquid level of the continuous casting mold is automatically controlled, and the fluctuation is ≤±3mm; the liquid level of the mold is operated by a single slag line;

10)结晶器内保护渣总渣层厚度目标控制到40±5mm;10) The thickness of the total slag layer of the mold slag in the mold should be controlled to 40±5mm;

11)中间包钢水过热度≥25℃,避免低温浇注。11) The superheat degree of molten steel in the tundish is ≥25℃, and low temperature pouring is avoided.

与现有的技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

本发明控制重轨钢夹杂物含量,提高钢质纯净,重轨钢伤轨率从0.6~0.8%降低到0.3%以下,并保持较稳定,伤轨率明显降低,大幅度降低了探伤不合格废品的产生量,产品质量有了大幅度提升。The invention controls the inclusion content of the heavy rail steel, improves the purity of the steel, reduces the rail damage rate of the heavy rail steel from 0.6 to 0.8% to less than 0.3%, and keeps it relatively stable, the rail damage rate is obviously reduced, and the unqualified flaw detection is greatly reduced. The amount of waste generated and the quality of products have been greatly improved.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合实施例对本发明进一步说明:Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described:

以下实施例对本发明进行详细描述。这些实施例仅是对本发明的最佳实施方案进行描述,并不对本发明的范围进行限制。The following examples illustrate the invention in detail. These examples merely describe the best embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

实施例1生产重轨钢U71Mn的操作控制方法,Embodiment 1 produces the operation control method of heavy rail steel U71Mn,

1)生产重轨钢的铁水脱硫的质量百分比到0.005%以下,铁水脱硫后扒除顶渣。1) The mass percentage of the molten iron desulfurization in the production of heavy rail steel is below 0.005%, and the top slag is removed after the molten iron is desulfurized.

2)转炉出钢碳的质量百分比为0.30%~0.63%。2) The mass percentage of the converter tapping carbon is 0.30% to 0.63%.

3)精炼LF炉控制钢水顶渣碱度为2.0~2.2,渣中Al2O3质量百分比含量控制在5~8%,LF炉脱硫率控制20%以下。3) The basicity of the molten steel top slag is controlled to be 2.0-2.2 in the refining LF furnace, the mass percentage content of Al 2 O 3 in the slag is controlled to be 5-8%, and the desulfurization rate of the LF furnace is controlled to be less than 20%.

4采用上一回次非铝脱氧、不含钛的钢种使用的钢水罐。4. The molten steel tank used in the last non-aluminum deoxidized and titanium-free steel grade is used.

5)若VD处理,真空处理末期弱吹氩时间10~12分钟;若RH处理,深真空净循环时间20分钟。真空处理后至浇注镇静时间25~30分钟。5) In the case of VD treatment, the weak argon blowing time at the end of the vacuum treatment is 10-12 minutes; in the case of RH treatment, the deep vacuum net cycle time is 20 minutes. After the vacuum treatment, the pouring sedation time is 25 to 30 minutes.

6)中包烘烤温度达到1450℃以上并保持时间30分钟。6) The baking temperature of the middle bag reaches above 1450°C and the holding time is 30 minutes.

7)连铸中间包水口不吹氩气,结晶器采取无氩气操作。7) The nozzle of the continuous casting tundish is not blown with argon, and the mold is operated without argon.

8)单个结晶器电磁搅拌电流500A。8) The electromagnetic stirring current of a single crystallizer is 500A.

9)连铸结晶器液位采取自动控制,波动≤±3mm;结晶器液面采取单渣线操作。9) The liquid level of the continuous casting mold is automatically controlled, and the fluctuation is ≤±3mm; the liquid level of the mold is operated by a single slag line.

10)结晶器内保护渣总渣层厚度目标控制到35~40mm,10) The thickness of the total slag layer of the mold slag in the mold should be controlled to 35-40mm,

11)中间包钢水目标过热度为28℃。11) The target superheat degree of molten steel in the tundish is 28℃.

实施例2Example 2

实施例1生产重轨钢U75VG的操作控制方法,Embodiment 1 produces the operation control method of heavy rail steel U75VG,

1)生产重轨钢的铁水脱硫的质量百分比到0.003%以下,铁水脱硫后扒除顶渣。1) The mass percentage of the molten iron desulfurization in the production of heavy rail steel is below 0.003%, and the top slag is removed after the molten iron is desulfurized.

2)转炉出钢碳的质量百分比为0.25%~0.66%。2) The mass percentage of the converter tapping carbon is 0.25% to 0.66%.

3)精炼LF炉控制钢水顶渣碱度为1.9~2.0,渣中Al2O3质量百分比含量控制在7~9%,LF炉脱硫率控制15%以下。3) The basicity of the molten steel top slag is controlled to be 1.9-2.0 in the refining LF furnace, the mass percentage content of Al 2 O 3 in the slag is controlled to be 7-9%, and the desulfurization rate of the LF furnace is controlled to be less than 15%.

4采用上一回次非铝脱氧、不含钛的钢种使用的钢水罐。4. The molten steel tank used in the last non-aluminum deoxidized and titanium-free steel grade is used.

5)若VD处理,真空处理后期弱吹氩时间13~18分钟;若RH处理,深真空净循环时间20分钟。真空处理后至浇注镇静时间30~35分钟。5) In the case of VD treatment, the weak argon blowing time in the later stage of vacuum treatment is 13-18 minutes; in case of RH treatment, the deep vacuum net cycle time is 20 minutes. After the vacuum treatment, the pouring sedation time is 30 to 35 minutes.

6)中包烘烤温度达到1450℃以上并保持时间25分钟。6) The baking temperature of the middle bag reaches above 1450°C and the holding time is 25 minutes.

7)连铸中间包水口不吹氩气,结晶器采取无氩气操作。7) The nozzle of the continuous casting tundish is not blown with argon, and the mold is operated without argon.

8)单个结晶器电磁搅拌电流450A。8) The electromagnetic stirring current of a single crystallizer is 450A.

9)连铸结晶器液位采取自动控制,波动≤±3mm;结晶器液面采取单渣线操作。9) The liquid level of the continuous casting mold is automatically controlled, and the fluctuation is ≤±3mm; the liquid level of the mold is operated by a single slag line.

10)结晶器内保护渣总渣层厚度目标控制到37~42mm,10) The thickness of the total slag layer of the mold slag in the mold should be controlled to 37-42mm,

11)中间包钢水目标过热度为30℃。11) The target superheat degree of molten steel in the tundish is 30℃.

Claims (1)

1.一种降低重轨钢伤轨率的方法,采用铁水预处理-转炉炼钢-LF炉-VD-大方坯连铸工艺进行生产重轨钢,其特征在于,重轨钢伤轨率降低到0.3%以下,包括以下具体步骤:1. a method that reduces the rail damage rate of heavy rail steel, adopts molten iron pretreatment-converter steelmaking-LF furnace-VD-bloom continuous casting process to produce heavy rail steel, it is characterized in that, the rail damage rate of heavy rail steel reduces to less than 0.3%, including the following specific steps: 1)生产重轨钢的铁水脱硫的质量百分比到0.0010%以下,铁水脱硫后扒除顶渣;1) The mass percentage of molten iron desulfurization for producing heavy rail steel is below 0.0010%, and the top slag is removed after the molten iron desulfurization; 2)转炉出钢碳的质量百分比≥0.25%,避免低碳出钢;2) The mass percentage of carbon in converter tapping is ≥ 0.25% to avoid low carbon tapping; 3)精炼LF炉控制钢水顶渣碱度=1.8~2.5,渣中Al2O3质量百分比含量控制在4~10%,LF炉脱硫率控制30%以下;3) Refining LF furnace controls molten steel top slag basicity=1.8~2.5, the mass percentage content of Al 2 O 3 in the slag is controlled at 4~10%, and the desulfurization rate of LF furnace is controlled below 30%; 4)采用上一回次非铝脱氧、不含钛的钢种使用的钢水罐;4) The molten steel tank used in the last non-aluminum deoxidized and titanium-free steel grade; 5)VD处理,真空处理后期弱吹氩时间≥10分钟;5) VD treatment, weak argon blowing time ≥ 10 minutes in the later stage of vacuum treatment; 6)中包烘烤温度达到1400℃以上并保持时间≥20分钟;6) The baking temperature of the middle bag reaches above 1400℃ and the holding time is ≥20 minutes; 7)连铸中间包水口不吹氩气,结晶器采取无氩气操作,消除氩气波动对卷渣的影响;7) The nozzle of the continuous casting tundish is not blown with argon, and the crystallizer is operated without argon to eliminate the influence of argon fluctuations on the slag entrainment; 8)单个结晶器电磁搅拌电流≥350A;8) The electromagnetic stirring current of a single crystallizer is ≥350A; 9)连铸结晶器液位采取自动控制,波动≤±3mm;结晶器液面采取单渣线操作;9) The liquid level of the continuous casting mold is automatically controlled, and the fluctuation is ≤±3mm; the liquid level of the mold is operated by a single slag line; 10)结晶器内保护渣总渣层厚度目标控制到40±5mm;10) The thickness of the total slag layer of the mold slag in the mold should be controlled to 40±5mm; 11)中间包钢水过热度≥25℃,避免低温浇注。11) The superheat degree of molten steel in the tundish is ≥25℃, and low temperature pouring is avoided.
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CN110923405B (en) * 2019-10-31 2022-03-25 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 Process control method for reducing hydrogen hazard in steel rail
CN112593136A (en) * 2020-11-04 2021-04-02 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 Smelting method for reducing formation of large inclusions in steel rail for high-speed railway
CN113564308B (en) * 2021-09-24 2021-12-10 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 A kind of control method of liquid level fluctuation of low-aluminum non-oriented silicon steel mold
CN116377323A (en) * 2023-03-24 2023-07-04 鞍钢股份有限公司 High-silicon high-manganese aluminum-free heavy rail steel composition control method

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