CN109022153A - A method of extracting essential oil from cedar sawdust - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for extracting essential oil from Chinese fir sawdust. The Chinese fir sawdust is dried and crushed and then extracted by a Soxhlet extractor at 200°C for 2 hours. The yield of essential oil is 1.5%, which is higher than the existing extraction method. The method of the invention can not only obtain the essential oil components, but also the residue after removing the fir lipids can be directly used for cultivating the ganoderma lucidum.

Description

A method for extracting essential oil from fir sawdust

technical field

The invention specifically relates to a method for extracting essential oil from fir sawdust.

Background technique

Cedarwood is rich in cedarwood essential oil, whose main chemical composition is cedrene alcohol, α-cedrene, β-cedrene, etc., which are very close to cedarwood oil in terms of main chemical composition and aroma, and are expected to replace cedarwood essential oil for the fragrance industry. At the same time, fir essential oil has anti-ant and anti-rot fungus activity, and it also shows strong antibacterial biological activity to common foods. Therefore, it is used as a natural insecticide and antibacterial agent in the fields of grain and oil storage and fruit and vegetable food preservation. There are good prospects for development.

At present, for the extraction of essential oils, there are mainly steam distillation, organic solvent extraction, dry distillation and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. The present invention establishes a Soxhlet extraction method of Chinese fir essential oil through process improvement.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method extracting essential oil from fir sawdust, and its essential oil yield is 1.5%.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A method for extracting essential oil from fir sawdust, comprising the following steps:

1) Dry the fir chips in the oven for 6 hours, then crush them and pass through a 80-mesh sieve;

2) Fold the filter paper into a cylindrical shape, and its height should be higher than the siphon of the Soxhlet extractor and lower than the connecting pipe of the Soxhlet extractor; put the sawdust powder obtained in step 1) into the obtained filter paper tube, and its height should be 2/3 of the height of the filter paper cylinder, then gently insert the filter paper cylinder containing wood powder into the extraction tube of the Soxhlet extractor (care should be taken to prevent the wood chips from leaking out of the filter paper cylinder), and then add wood powder to the cylinder. Shaped filter paper equal height, compacted lightly with a glass rod;

3) Add ultrapure water into the extraction bottle of the Soxhlet extractor, the amount added should not exceed two-thirds of the volume of the extraction bottle, then put the extraction bottle into the electric heating mantle, connect the extraction tube to the extraction bottle and tighten it , and then connect the connected extraction bottle and extraction tube to the condenser and tighten them. The joints of each part should be tight so that there is no air leakage. water outlet, high-end even water outlet);

4) Heat the electric heating mantle to 200°C and extract by Soxhlet reflux for 2 hours to obtain Chinese fir essential oil.

Significant advantage of the present invention is:

The invention provides a method for extracting Chinese fir essential oil by using a Soxhlet extractor, and the yield of the essential oil is 1.5%.

Soxhlet extraction of volatile terpenoids from Norway spruce, Fir and Maritime pine is available in the literature (see Frédérique Bertaud, Christelle Crampon, Elisabeth Badens. “Volatile terpene extraction of spruce, fir and marine pine wood: supercritical CO2 extraction compared to classical solvent extractions and steam distillation”[J]. Holzforschung, 2017; 71(7-8): 667–673.), but its extraction substances are volatile terpenoids, and it targets The objects were not fir, but Norway spruce and European fir, which belong to the pinaceae family. The main components of Chinese fir essential oil are cedrinol and cedrinol. The boiling point of cedrinol is 294°C, and the boiling point of cedrinol is 290-294°C. Compared with extracting volatile terpenoids from Norway spruce, European fir and southern European maritime pine, it takes more heat. In other words, extracting cedar essential oils is more difficult than extracting volatile terpenoids from Norway spruce, European fir and southern maritime pine.

At the same time, according to incomplete statistics, the country produces more than 10 million tons of pine and fir sawdust every year, and these sawdust contains lipids mainly composed of terpenoids, which have a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of edible fungi, so they cannot be used directly. As a cultivation material for edible fungi, it can only be burned as waste and pollutes the environment. By adopting the method of the invention, not only the essential oil components can be obtained, but also the residue after removing the fir lipids can be directly used to cultivate the ganoderma lucidum.

Detailed ways

In order to make the content of the present invention easier to understand, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

A method for extracting essential oil from fir sawdust, comprising the following steps:

1) Dry the fir chips in the oven for 6 hours, then crush them and pass through a 80-mesh sieve;

2) Fold the filter paper into a cylindrical shape, the height of which should be higher than the siphon of the Soxhlet extractor and lower than the connecting pipe of the Soxhlet extractor; weigh 13g of the sawdust powder obtained in step 1), and put 2 /3 wood powder, then gently insert the filter paper tube containing the wood powder into the extraction tube of the Soxhlet extractor (care should be taken to prevent the wood chips from leaking out of the filter paper tube), and then add the remaining wood powder to the cylindrical filter paper equal height, lightly compacted with a glass rod;

3) Add 100mL ultrapure water into the extraction bottle of the Soxhlet extractor, then put the extraction bottle into the electric heating mantle, connect the extraction tube to the extraction bottle and tighten it, and then connect the connected extraction bottle, extraction tube and condenser Connect the condenser and screw it tightly, and the joints of each part should be tight so that there is no air leakage. Finally, connect the rubber water pipes to the water inlet and water outlet of the condenser (the low end is connected to the water inlet, and the high end is connected to the water outlet);

4) Heat the electric heating mantle to 200°C and extract by Soxhlet reflux for 2 hours to obtain Chinese fir essential oil with a yield of 1.5%.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of method for extracting essential oil from cedar sawdust, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:

1) after drying cedar sawdust, dry 6h, is then crushed in baking oven, crosses 80 meshes；

2) wood dust obtained by step 1) is fitted into and is converted into cylindric filter paper, be packed into height as the 2/ of cylindric filter paper height 3, then will gently be filled in the extraction tube of Soxhlet extractor equipped with the filtration paper cylinder of wood dust, add wood dust to cylindrical shape Filter paper is contour, is compacted with glass rod with gentle；

3) ultrapure water is added in the extraction flask of Soxhlet extractor, is then placed into electric jacket, by extraction tube and extraction flask Connect and screw, then the extraction flask connected, extraction tube are connected and are screwed with condenser, finally in the water inlet of condenser and Rubber water pipe is connected on water outlet respectively；

4) electric jacket is heated to 200 DEG C, and 2h is to get fir essential oil for Soxhlet refluxing extraction.

2. extracting the method for essential oil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the height of cylindric filter paper answers height in step 2 In the siphon pipe of Soxhlet extractor, lower than the connecting tube of Soxhlet extractor.

3. extracting the method for essential oil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the additional amount of ultrapure water is no more than in step 3) 2/3rds of extraction flask volume.