CN109017266A - Hybrid gearbox and the automobile for using the speed changer - Google Patents
Hybrid gearbox and the automobile for using the speed changer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109017266A CN109017266A CN201810824014.3A CN201810824014A CN109017266A CN 109017266 A CN109017266 A CN 109017266A CN 201810824014 A CN201810824014 A CN 201810824014A CN 109017266 A CN109017266 A CN 109017266A
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- Prior art keywords
- clutch
- motor
- gear
- planetary gear
- driving end
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005183 dynamical system Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
- B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
- B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to automobile technical fields, more particularly, to a kind of hybrid gearbox and use the automobile of the speed changer.The hybrid gearbox, including engine, motor and planetary gear mechanism output shaft；It is provided with first clutch between the crankshaft of engine and the rotor of motor, for engaging or disconnecting the crankshaft of engine and the rotor of motor；It is provided with second clutch and third clutch between the rotor and planetary gear mechanism of motor, for engaging or disconnecting the rotor and planetary gear mechanism of motor, to realize four to six shift gear.Mixing force automobile of the invention can reduce engine in motor driven to the drag of motor, improve fuel economy including the hybrid gearbox；Engine and motor driven can be used simultaneously again, vehicle is improved and accelerate dynamic property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automobile technical fields, more particularly, to a kind of hybrid gearbox and use the vapour of the speed changer
Vehicle.
Background technique
The vehicle that hybrid vehicle is generally driven by using prime mover of two kinds of different energy sources: liquid fuel is used
The motor (EM) of conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) and battery power.There are many different modes to be incorporated to vehicle for the power of motor
Dynamical system.Currently a popular hybrid vehicle uses double-motor power distribution formula transmission scheme (such as patent
CN107298016A), it is desirable that while two motors are controlled to adjust the speed, not only manufacturing cost is high, accelerating ability is poor (depends on motor
With torque smaller in engine), and work under many inefficient speed (such as low-speed or high-speed) because motor is obtained, in addition electronic work
When, engine has towing torque resistance to it.
Summary of the invention
It is existing to solve the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of hybrid gearbox and using the automobile of the speed changer
Present in technology in electronic work, engine has the technical issues of towing torque resistance to it.
The present invention provides a kind of hybrid gearboxes, including engine, motor and planetary gear mechanism；It is described to start
Be provided with first clutch between the crankshaft of machine and the rotor of the motor, for engage or disconnect the crankshaft of the engine with
The rotor of the motor；It is provided with second clutch between the rotor of the motor and the planetary gear mechanism, for engaging
Or disconnect the rotor and the planetary gear mechanism of the motor.
It further include planetary gear train gear ring and output shaft, the planetary gear train further in any of the above-described technical solution
Gear ring is meshed with the planetary gear mechanism, and the planetary gear mechanism is started by the planetary gear train gear ring by described
Machine and/or the power of motor input pass to the output shaft.
In any of the above-described technical solution, further, between the rotor of the motor and the planetary gear mechanism also
It is provided with third clutch, for engaging or disconnecting the rotor and the planetary gear mechanism of the motor.
In any of the above-described technical solution, further, the first driving end and the first input shaft of the third clutch
Be fixedly connected, the second driving end of the third clutch is fixedly connected with the rotor of the motor, first input shaft with
The planet carrier of the planetary gear mechanism is connected, wherein the first driving end of the third clutch and the third clutch
It can engage or disconnect between second driving end of device.
It further include first brake device further in any of the above-described technical solution, for first input shaft
Carry out locking.
It further include secondary braking device further in any of the above-described technical solution, for the planetary gear machine
The sun gear that reverses gear of structure carries out locking.
In any of the above-described technical solution, further, further include the 4th clutch and reverse gear input shaft, it is described reverse gear it is defeated
Enter axis to be connected with the crankshaft of the engine, the first driving end of the 4th clutch and falling for the planetary gear mechanism
Wheel of keeping off the sunshine is connected, and the second driving end of the 4th clutch is fixedly connected with the input shaft that reverses gear, wherein described
It can engage or disconnect between first driving end of four clutches and the second driving end of the 4th clutch.
In any of the above-described technical solution, further, the crankshaft of the engine by damper with described first from
First driving end of clutch is fixedly connected, and the second driving end of the first clutch is fixedly connected with the rotor of the motor,
Wherein, it can engage or break between the first driving end of the first clutch and the second driving end of the first clutch
It opens.
In any of the above-described technical solution, further, the first driving end and the second input shaft of the second clutch
Be fixedly connected, the second driving end of the second clutch is fixedly connected with the rotor of the motor, second input shaft with
The advance sun gear of the planetary gear mechanism is connected, wherein the first driving end of the second clutch and described second
It can engage or disconnect between second driving end of clutch.
The present invention also provides a kind of automobiles, including the hybrid gearbox.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
Hybrid gearbox provided by the invention, including engine, motor and planetary gear mechanism output shaft；Engine
Crankshaft and motor rotor between be provided with first clutch, for engage or disconnect engine crankshaft and motor turn
Son；It is provided with second clutch between the rotor and planetary gear mechanism of motor, for engaging or disconnecting the rotor and row of motor
Star gear mechanism.By the way that first clutch is arranged between engine and motor, to realize the engagement between engine and motor
Or disconnect, to can reduce engine in the work of motor driven planetary gear mechanism to the drag of motor, improve
Fuel economy.
The present invention also provides automobile, including the hybrid gearbox.Based on above-mentioned analysis it is found that the mixing is dynamic
Power speed changer can reduce engine to the drag of motor, improve fuel economy.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art be briefly described, it should be apparent that, it is described below
Attached drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor
It puts, is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the hybrid gearbox of the first structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the hybrid gearbox of second of structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the hybrid gearbox of the third structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of compound planetary gearing provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon:
1- engine；2- crankshaft；3- damper；Drum in 4-；5- motor；51- rotor；52- stator；53- needle bearing；
54- bearing；55- electric machine casing；6- first clutch；7- second clutch；8- third clutch；9- planetary gear mechanism；91-
First input shaft；92- reverse gear sun gear；93- planetary gear train gear ring；931- pinion gear；932- internal gear；933- gear wheel；94-
Second input shaft；95- long planetary gear；96- planet carrier；97- advance sun gear；The short planetary gear of 98-；10- first brake device；
101- case of transmission；11- first bearing；12- secondary braking device；The 4th clutch of 13-；14- reverse gear input shaft；15-
Two gears；16- first gear；17- synchronizer；18- output shaft；181- parking ratchet wheel；182- second bearing；183- master subtracts tooth
Wheel；19- differential mechanism；191- gear ring；20- wheel.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that described implementation
Example is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.
The component for the embodiment of the present invention for usually describing and showing in attached drawing here can be with a variety of different configurations
To arrange and design.Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit below and is wanted
The scope of the present invention of protection is sought, but is merely representative of selected embodiment of the invention.
Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained without making creative work
The every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term " center ", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "horizontal", "inner", "outside" be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to
Convenient for description the present invention and simplify description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation,
It is constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore is not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second ",
" third " is used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can
To be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in invention.
Embodiment one
It is shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention one provide a kind of hybrid gearbox include engine 1, motor 5,
Planetary gear mechanism 9 and output shaft 18；It is provided with first clutch 6 between the crankshaft 2 of engine and the rotor 51 of motor, is used for
Engagement disconnects the crankshaft of engine and the rotor of motor, that is to say, that the engagement or disconnection of first clutch make engine
It can be connected or separate between crankshaft and the rotor of motor；Be provided between the rotor and planetary gear mechanism of motor second from
Clutch 7, for engaging or disconnecting the rotor and planetary gear mechanism of motor, that is to say, that make the rotor and planetary gear of motor
It can be connected or separate between mechanism 9；Planetary gear mechanism 9 is used to pass to the power that engine and/or motor input
Output shaft, that is to say, that engine imparts power to planetary gear mechanism, and/or, when electrical power, motor is generated dynamic
Power passes to planetary gear mechanism, and also with regard to saying, engine can work independently, and motor can work independently, engine and motor
It can also work at the same time.Output shaft imparts power to the wheel of automobile again.
Hybrid gearbox provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by the way that the first clutch is arranged between engine and motor
Device, to realize the engagement or disconnection between engine and motor, to can be dropped in the work of motor driven planetary gear mechanism
Low engine improves fuel economy to the drag of motor.
In the optional scheme of the embodiment, the crankshaft of engine passes through the first driving end of damper 3 and first clutch
It is fixedly connected, the second driving end of first clutch is fixedly connected with the rotor of motor, wherein the first transmission of first clutch
It can engage or disconnect between end and the second driving end of first clutch.The effect of damper is the crankshaft for reducing engine
And the vibration caused when being driven between rotor, improve NVH (noise, vibration and sound vibration roughness) performance.
Specifically, first clutch uses drum clutch, the interior drum 4 of first clutch is the first of first clutch
Driving end, the external drum of first clutch is the second driving end of first clutch, in this way, the interior drum and motor casing of first clutch
Body is connected by needle bearing 53, and the rotor of motor is supported on electric machine casing 55 through bearing 54, the stator and motor of motor
Rotor it is corresponding, and the stator 52 of motor is fixedly connected with the electric machine casing of motor, and interior drum and the external drum of first clutch connect
After conjunction, engine can impart power to the rotor of motor.What appended drawing reference 4 indicated is the interior drum of first clutch.
In the optional scheme of the embodiment, the first driving end of second clutch is fixedly connected with the second input shaft 94, the
Second driving end of two clutches is fixedly connected with the rotor of motor, the advance sun gear of the second input shaft and planetary gear mechanism
It is connected, wherein can engage or disconnect between the first driving end of second clutch and the second driving end of second clutch.
Specifically, planetary gear mechanism 9 is compound planetary gearing, compound planetary gearing includes the advance sun
Wheel 97；Second clutch uses drum clutch, and the interior drum of second clutch is the first driving end of second clutch, second from
The external drum of clutch is the second driving end of second clutch, and the external drum of such second clutch is fixedly connected with the rotor of motor；
Second input shaft can be low speed input shaft；Second input shaft is fixedly connected with advance sun gear, when the interior drum of second clutch
After engaging with external drum, the rotation of the rotor of motor can impart power to the second input shaft, and the second input shaft, which drives, to advance
Sun gear rotation.It should be noted that planetary gear mechanism can also be multiple rows of planetary gear mechanism or single planetary gear machine
Structure, multiple rows of planetary gear mechanism can be with three rows of planetary gear mechanisms, four rows, three rows of planetary gear mechanisms etc..
In the optional scheme of the embodiment, hybrid gearbox further includes planetary gear train gear ring 93, planetary gear train gear ring
It is meshed with planetary gear mechanism, and planetary gear mechanism is moved by planetary gear train gear ring by what engine and/or motor inputted
Power passes to output shaft.It should be noted that engine can be ICE engine, motor is EM motor.
Specifically, planetary gear train gear ring is meshed with compound planetary gearing；Compound planetary gearing further includes
Planet carrier 96, short planetary gear 98 and long planetary gear 95；Short planetary gear and long planetary gear are mounted on planet carrier, advance sun gear
Connection is engaged with long planetary gear by short planetary gear.Hybrid gearbox further includes case of transmission 101, planetary gear train gear ring
It is installed on case of transmission by first bearing 11；Planetary gear train gear ring includes pinion gear 931 and internal gear 932；Pinion gear
It is fixedly connected with internal gear；Internal gear is meshed with long planetary gear；Pinion gear and 16 phase of first gear being installed on output shaft
Engagement；First gear can be low speed driven gear, can realize output shaft and two-row planetary gear by pinion gear in this way
The transmitting of power between mechanism.
In the optional scheme of the embodiment, it is additionally provided with third clutch 8 between the rotor and planetary gear mechanism of motor,
For engaging or disconnecting the rotor and planetary gear mechanism of motor.
Specifically, third clutch uses drum clutch, the interior drum of third clutch is the first of third clutch
Driving end, the external drum of third clutch are the second driving end of third clutch.First driving end of third clutch and first
Input shaft 91 is fixedly connected, and the second driving end of third clutch is fixedly connected with the rotor of motor, the first input shaft and planet
The planet carrier of gear mechanism is connected, wherein the second driving end of the first driving end of third clutch and third clutch it
Between can engage or disconnect.First input shaft can be high speed input shaft.First input shaft is fixedly connected with planet carrier.First is defeated
Entering axis can be hollow shaft, and such second input shaft penetrates in the axial cavity of the first input shaft.
In the optional scheme of the embodiment, hybrid gearbox further includes first brake device 10, for defeated to first
Enter axis 91 and carries out locking.First brake device is installed on case of transmission, and the interior drum of first brake device and planet carrier are solid
Fixed connection, the interior drum of such first brake device are also fixedly connected with the first input shaft.When first brake device is in brake shape
When state, planet carrier can be made to be kept fixed, i.e., planet carrier does not move；When first brake device is in releasing orientation, can make
Planet carrier is rotated together with the first input shaft.
In the optional scheme of the embodiment, hybrid gearbox further includes secondary braking device 12, for planet tooth
The sun gear 92 that reverses gear of wheel mechanism carries out locking.
Specifically, compound planetary gearing further includes the sun gear 92 that reverses gear；The sun gear that reverses gear mutually is nibbled with long planetary gear
It closes.The interior drum of secondary braking device is fixedly connected with the sun gear that reverses gear.Secondary braking device is installed on case of transmission；When
When two brake gears are in braking state, the sun gear that can make to reverse gear is kept fixed, that is, the sun gear that reverses gear does not move；When two brakes
When device is in releasing orientation, reverse gear sun gear and long planetary gear engaged transmission.It should be noted that in the embodiment, first
Brake gear and the second brake apparatus can use brake gear in the prior art, can also use clutch, as drum-type from
Clutch；In addition, the brake of first brake device and the second brake apparatus can also be expressed as engaging, first brake device and second is stopped
The release of device can also be expressed as disengaging.
In the optional scheme of the embodiment, it is additionally provided with master on output shaft and subtracts gear 183, the main gear that subtracts is used for output shaft
Power pass to wheel 20, it is main to subtract gear and be meshed with the gear ring 191 of differential mechanism 19, and lead the gear ring for subtracting gear and differential mechanism
Form third gear mesh.
In the optional scheme of the embodiment, parking ratchet wheel 181 is also provided on output shaft, for realizing to output shaft
Locking.It should be noted that first gear can be fixed on output shaft.
In the optional scheme of the embodiment, the diameter for the sun gear that reverses gear is greater than the diameter of advance sun gear, and reverse gear sun gear
It is coaxially arranged with advance sun gear.First gear and pinion gear form first gear pair.
Embodiment two
Hybrid gearbox in the present embodiment two is improvement on the basis of embodiment one, disclosed in embodiment one
Technology contents not repeated description, one disclosure of embodiment also belong to two disclosure of the present embodiment.
Shown in Figure 2, in the embodiment, hybrid gearbox further includes the 4th clutch 13 and the input shaft that reverses gear
14, the input shaft that reverses gear is connected with the crankshaft of engine, the 4th first driving end of clutch and reversing gear for planetary gear mechanism
Sun gear is connected, and the second driving end of the 4th clutch is fixedly connected with the input shaft that reverses gear, wherein the first of the 4th clutch
It can engage or disconnect between driving end and the second driving end of the 4th clutch.The engagement of 4th clutch may be implemented to reverse gear
Input shaft is rotated together with the sun gear that reverses gear.
Specifically, the 4th clutch uses drum clutch, the interior drum of the 4th clutch is the first of the 4th clutch
Driving end, the external drum of the 4th clutch are the second driving end of the 4th clutch.
In the optional scheme of the embodiment, the second input shaft can be hollow shaft, and the input shaft that reverses gear in this way is penetrated in second
In the axial cavity of input shaft.
Embodiment three
Hybrid gearbox in the present embodiment three is improvement on the basis of embodiment two, disclosed in embodiment two
Technology contents not repeated description, two disclosure of embodiment also belong to three disclosure of the present embodiment.
Shown in Figure 3, in the embodiment, planetary gear train gear ring further includes gear wheel 933；Internal gear, gear wheel and small
Gear is fixed together and coaxial rotating.The diameter of gear wheel is greater than the diameter of pinion gear.
In the optional scheme of the embodiment, synchronizer 17 and second gear 15 are also equipped on output shaft；Second gear can
Think high speed driven gear；The diameter of second gear is less than the diameter of first gear.Synchronizer is located at first gear and the second tooth
Between wheel, realize that first gear or second gear drive output shaft rotation by synchronizer.Second gear is meshed with gear wheel,
Second gear and gear wheel form second gear pair.Due to using synchronizer, in the embodiment, first gear and the second tooth
Wheel is installed on output shaft by second bearing 182.
The hybrid gearbox that any embodiment provides into embodiment three of the embodiment of the present invention one can be realized following normal
With function: 3.1, the starting and charging of engine；3.2, engine is operated alone；3.3, motor is operated alone；3.4, start
Machine and motor drive simultaneously；3.5, vehicle braking energy recycles；3.6, shifted；3.7, it moves backward；3.8, parking.This 8 kinds
The working principle of common function is described as follows respectively:
3.1, the starting and charging of engine.
When first clutch engagement, the crankshaft of engine is connected with the rotor of generator.Starting motor can open
Dynamic engine.Conversely, engine operating can drive generator to charge the battery.
3.2 engines are operated alone.
When engine operates, and engage first clutch, the power of engine can be passed to motor rotor or first from
The external drum of clutch.Power is just input to two-row planetary gear machine through the second input shaft and advance sun gear by engagement second clutch
Structure.If first brake device is made to be in braking state, the fixation of planet carrier may be implemented, remain stationary it, that is, planet carrier
The speed axis for being equipped with long planetary gear speed ncIt is 0, according to the movement relation of compound planetary gearing, double planet tooth
Take turns one grade of reduction ratio of mechanism are as follows:
α1It is the gear ratio of the internal gear and advance sun gear on planetary gear train gear ring.General α1Value is 2~3, is one grade
Primary reduction ratio.
nin=nsfIt is the advance sun gear input speed of compound planetary gearing, i.e. the output of engine or motor turns
Speed.
nrIt is the revolving speed of planetary gear train gear ring namely the output revolving speed of compound planetary gearing.
The revolving speed of planetary gear train gear ring can through first gear pair or second gear to passing to output shaft, then through it is main subtract gear,
The gear ring and differential mechanism of differential mechanism drive wheel.Engine can also be remained by controlling the torque of motor according to automobilism situation
Remaining power distributes to motor and charges the battery, to improve fuel economy.It should be noted that can will be electric in full throttle
The moment of torsion control of machine is 0, and all engine powers are distributed to output shaft, to guarantee vehicle accelerating ability, when the working condition, and electricity
Machine can not work.
3.3 motor are operated alone.
Start motor, disconnect first clutch and the 4th clutch, engages second clutch, motor power is through the advance sun
Wheel is input to planetary gear mechanism.First brake device is set to be in braking state, the reduction ratio of hybrid gearbox is just 3.2
In formula (1).And input speed is exactly the revolving speed of motor at this time.Hereafter power transmission is operated alone identical with engine.
Due to first clutch of having connected between the crankshaft of engine and the rotor of motor, first clutch is disconnected
When, when motor driven, the just not no towrope resistance of engine, to improve fuel economy when vehicle electrical is driven.
3.4 engines and motor drive simultaneously.
Start motor and engine simultaneously, engages first clutch and second clutch, while making at first brake device
In braking state, the torque of the torque of motor and engine passes to advance sun gear through second clutch, on planetary gear train gear ring
Max. output torque it is reachable:
Tr=α1(Te+Tice) (2)
TiceIt is the output torque of engine；
TeIt is the output torque of motor；
TrIt is the output torque on planetary gear train gear ring.
If α1=2.5, first gear to and the reduction ratio of third gear mesh be 5, (i.e. total reduction ratio be 12.5) starts
The torque 180Nm of machine, the torque 200Nm of motor, then acting on the total torque on wheel are as follows:
Tt=12.5 (180+200)=4750 (Nm)
This torque is enough to make general car tyre slip, it is ensured that the good accelerating ability of automobile.
The recycling of 3.5 vehicle braking energies.
In vehicle deceleration braking, differential mechanism, output shaft of the vehicle inertia through automobile drag planetary gear train gear ring.First from
Clutch and the 4th clutch disconnect, and engage second clutch and first brake device is made to be in braking state, planetary gear train gear ring
It drags advance sun gear high-speed rotation, the rotor of motor is driven to operate power generation through second clutch, realize Brake Energy recycling.
3.6 shifted
Hybrid gearbox provided in an embodiment of the present invention is by engaging or disconnecting four clutches and two brake dresses
Set realization.Fig. 3 shows each friction element working condition when 6 gears, and as shown in Table 1, table one is hybrid gearbox
Gear and friction element (clutch and brake gear) action schedule:
X indicates engagement, and blank indicates to disconnect, and XO, which indicates engageable, to be disconnected；C0 indicates that first clutch, C1 indicate
Second clutch, C2 indicate that third clutch, C3 indicate that the 4th clutch, B1 indicate that first brake device, B2 indicate that second stops
Vehicle device；S15 indicates the second output gear；S16 indicates the first output gear；First output gear passes through first gear to defeated
Power out, the second output gear pass through second gear to output power.
Following reduction ratio in 3.6 are only the reduction ratio of compound planetary gearing, and the reduction ratio is multiplied by first gear
Pair reduction ratio and third gear mesh deceleration Bizet be total reduction ratio.
1 grade: when C1 is engaged with B1, remaining friction element is disconnected, and the reduction ratio of compound planetary gearing is by formula (1)
It determines:
2 grades: C1 engages with B2, and reverse gear sun gear is fixed.Advance sun gear is same through planet carrier driving planetary gear train gear ring
To rotation (shown in Figure 4).According to the movement relation of compound planetary gearing, reduction ratio are as follows:
a2It is the internal gear of planetary gear train gear ring and the gear ratio of reverse gear sun gear.α2Less than α1, general value 2 or so can
With value for 2.
3 grades: C1 engages with C2, the advance sun gear and planet carrier of compound planetary gearing can be locked together,
Rotate planetary gear train gear ring and input shaft (the first input shaft and the second input shaft) at the same speed, i.e., reduction ratio is 1:
4 grades: C2 engages with B2, and reverse gear sun gear is fixed.First input shaft is same through planet carrier driving planetary gear train gear ring
To rotation.According to the movement relation of compound planetary gearing, reduction ratio are as follows:
Optimize α2And α1It can make 4 grades of reduction ratio of compound planetary gearing between 3.5 to 0.65.Recycle synchronizer
Transformation output speed ratio is, it can be achieved that 5 to 6 drive shifts.Second gear to and first gear pair deceleration ratio and hybrid power
The total reduction ratio of speed changer can meet the deceleration demand of various mixed electrical automobiles between 17 to 2.2.As used certain volume production speed change
The planetary gear mechanism α of device1=2.731, α2=2.088, export speed ratio i15=0.7, i16=1.25, then each shelves of speed changer
Speed ratio is as shown in Table 2:
| Gear | Total reduction ratio |
| 1 | 16.385 |
| 2 | 9.363 |
| 3 | 6.000 |
| 3 | 4.057 |
| 5 | 3.360 |
| 6 | 2.272 |
| R | -11.224 |
This speed ratio is sufficient for the deceleration demand of most of mixed dynamic mixed vehicles.
3.7 reversing
In above-mentioned 4 grades of speed-change processes, (the first input shaft and second inputs the steering of planetary gear train gear ring with input shaft
Axis) turn to it is identical.Realize reversing, input shaft must invert.For motor driven, as long as motor reversal achieves that reversing.
Since general internal combustion engine can not invert, the hybrid gearbox in the embodiment of the present invention, by separately plus one the 4th from
Clutch.When the 4th clutch and first brake device engage, engine is directly driven by reverse gear input shaft, the 4th clutch
Dynamic reverse gear sun gear.Since planet carrier is fixed by first brake device, planetary gear train gear ring and sun gear anti-speed rotation of reversing gear, and
Meet following fast relationship:
This engine mechanical reverse function is little to motor driven power or battery is smaller, is easy the mixed dynamic vapour of deficient electricity
It is highly important for vehicle.
3.8 parking
If blocking parking ratchet wheel with brake pawl (not shown), output shaft is just lockable, and wheel is also the same as output shaft and difference
Fast device locks together.
In example 1, if automobile primary will be by motor drive, power of motor and battery capacity are larger greatly, usually with electricity
Machine drives reverse gear, can also save mechanical reverse in this way, that is, not need the 4th clutch in embodiment two, speed changer entire in this way
Axial dimension it is more compact.
In example 2, eliminate an output gear S15, synchronizer, second gear to and second bearing also save.
The connection of protoplanet gear mechanism is constant.First gear to transmitting power always.Former 6 gear gearboxes are reduced to 4 gear gearboxes, mechanical
Reverse gear retains.This speed changer is more suitable for that power of motor is larger, battery capacity is big, the usually mixed dynamic vapour based on motor driven
Vehicle.
In the third embodiment, it is particularly suitable for plug-in, battery capacity less or charging is inconvenient, or wants at low temperature
The mixed electrical automobile of speed of seeking quickness reversing, needs two sets of separate energy sources driving high reliability.
Example IV
It includes hybrid gearbox, wheel, differential mechanism that the embodiment of the present invention four, which provides a kind of automobile,；Wheel passes through wheel
Axis is connect with differential mechanism, and the gear ring of differential mechanism subtracts gear with the master on output shaft and is meshed, the power of such output shaft output according to
It is secondary to pass to main gear, the gear ring of differential mechanism, the differential mechanism of subtracting and be transmitted to wheel, and then drive vehicle wheel rotation.The automobile can be
Hybrid vehicle.
In conclusion multi gear hybrid power automatic transmission provided in an embodiment of the present invention and automobile, by changing clutch
The engagement of device disconnects, and the position of the engagement of brake gear, disconnection and synchronizer can realize at least five drive shifts and two are fallen
Shelves.By the way that only with a motor EM, it can be used as motor not only to start engine and driving wheel, but also can be in driven by engine
Lower power generation may further be used to recycling vehicle inertia energy, using compound planetary gearing common in automatic transmission come gear shift change
Speed not only simply, reliably, but also saves space.Increase transmission range, makes motor or engine operation in efficient rate area.Motor work
As when avoid the towing torque resistance of engine to improve drive efficiency.
Multi gear hybrid power automatic transmission provided in an embodiment of the present invention also has the advantage that only with a motor
Not only it is used to generate electricity, but also is used to drive, this measure can effectively saves cost and space.One is constituted with a compound planetary gearing
A multiple speed automatic transmission, to improve fuel economy.Using two pairs of output gears, speed changer is increased into 5 to 6 advances
Shelves guarantee that motor and engine work within the scope of efficient rate, further increase fuel economy.By engine, motor,
Clutch, brake and planetary gear mechanism are coaxially arranged.Clutch is arranged in rotor as far as possible.To reduce motor driven
When the big scarce limit of engine drag, increase a disengagable clutch (C0) between engine and input shaft.Work as electricity
When machine is operated alone, the throw-out-of clutch, engine drag force would not hinder the driving of motor.The invention patent will provide one
Kind high-performance, multi gear position, low cost, take up space lesser Parallel hybrid power transmission.Engine and motor can drive simultaneously
It is dynamic, improve the power accelerating ability of automobile.Speed changer carries mechanical reverse, even if battery and motor are entirely ineffective, remain to by
Vehicle home, James.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of hybrid gearbox, which is characterized in that including engine, motor and planetary gear mechanism；The engine
Crankshaft and the motor rotor between be provided with first clutch, for engaging or disconnecting crankshaft and the institute of the engine
State the rotor of motor；Be provided with second clutch between the rotor of the motor and the planetary gear mechanism, for engage or
Disconnect the rotor and the planetary gear mechanism of the motor.
2. hybrid gearbox according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include planetary gear train gear ring and output
Axis, the planetary gear train gear ring are meshed with the planetary gear mechanism, and the planetary gear mechanism passes through the planetary gear
Being gear ring passes to the output shaft for the power that the engine and/or the motor input.
3. hybrid gearbox according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the rotor of the motor and the planet tooth
It is additionally provided with third clutch between wheel mechanism, for engaging or disconnecting the rotor and the planetary gear mechanism of the motor.
4. hybrid gearbox according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the first driving end of the third clutch
It is fixedly connected with the first input shaft, the second driving end of the third clutch is fixedly connected with the rotor of the motor, described
First input shaft is connected with the planet carrier of the planetary gear mechanism, wherein the first driving end of the third clutch with
It can engage or disconnect between second driving end of the third clutch.
5. hybrid gearbox according to claim 4, which is characterized in that further include first brake device, for pair
First input shaft carries out locking.
6. hybrid gearbox according to any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized in that further include the second brake dress
It sets, carries out locking for the sun gear that reverses gear to the planetary gear mechanism.
7. hybrid gearbox according to claim 6, which is characterized in that further include the 4th clutch and input of reversing gear
Axis, the input shaft that reverses gear are connected with the crankshaft of the engine, the first driving end and the row of the 4th clutch
The sun gear that reverses gear of star gear mechanism is connected, the second driving end of the 4th clutch and the fixed company of the input shaft that reverses gear
Connect, wherein can be engaged between the first driving end of the 4th clutch and the second driving end of the 4th clutch or
It disconnects.
8. hybrid gearbox according to any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized in that the crankshaft of the engine
It is fixedly connected by damper with the first driving end of the first clutch, the second driving end of the first clutch and institute
The rotor for stating motor is fixedly connected, wherein the first driving end of the first clutch and the second of the first clutch pass
It can engage or disconnect between moved end.
9. hybrid gearbox according to any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized in that the second clutch
First driving end is fixedly connected with the second input shaft, and the rotor of the second driving end and the motor of the second clutch is fixed
Connection, second input shaft are connected with the advance sun gear of the planetary gear mechanism, wherein the second clutch
It can engage or disconnect between first driving end and the second driving end of the second clutch.
10. a kind of automobile, which is characterized in that including hybrid gearbox as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 wherein.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810824014.3A CN109017266A (en) | 2018-07-24 | 2018-07-24 | Hybrid gearbox and the automobile for using the speed changer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810824014.3A CN109017266A (en) | 2018-07-24 | 2018-07-24 | Hybrid gearbox and the automobile for using the speed changer |
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Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN110509760A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-11-29 | 段志辉 | Hybrid vehicle power-driven system |
| CN113997778A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2022-02-01 | 西安交通大学 | Automobile driving system |
| CN118322841A (en) * | 2024-06-07 | 2024-07-12 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Transmission device with disconnection and locking function, distributed drive system and vehicle |
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