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CN109017252A - 用于混合动力车辆电池的可充气防护件 - Google Patents

用于混合动力车辆电池的可充气防护件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109017252A
CN109017252A CN201810601929.8A CN201810601929A CN109017252A CN 109017252 A CN109017252 A CN 109017252A CN 201810601929 A CN201810601929 A CN 201810601929A CN 109017252 A CN109017252 A CN 109017252A
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battery
flange
side wall
stringer
vehicle
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穆罕默德·里达·巴库什
拉胡尔·阿罗拉
萨伊德·大卫·巴贝特
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K28/00—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions
    • B60K28/10—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the vehicle 
    • B60K28/14—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the vehicle  responsive to accident or emergency, e.g. deceleration, tilt of vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0007—Measures or means for preventing or attenuating collisions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
    • B60L50/71—Arrangement of fuel cells within vehicles specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/18—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact
    • B60R19/20—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact containing mainly gas or liquid, e.g. inflatable
    • B60R19/205—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact containing mainly gas or liquid, e.g. inflatable inflatable in the direction of an obstacle upon impending impact, e.g. using air bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/24—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles
    • B60R19/26—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means
    • B60R19/34—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means destroyed upon impact, e.g. one-shot type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/02—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted comprising longitudinally or transversely arranged frame members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/15—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/15—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
    • B62D21/152—Front or rear frames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/15—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
    • B62D21/152—Front or rear frames
    • B62D21/155—Sub-frames or underguards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/08—Front or rear portions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/20—Floors or bottom sub-units
    • B62D25/2009—Floors or bottom sub-units in connection with other superstructure subunits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D27/00—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units
    • B62D27/06—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units readily releasable
    • B62D27/065—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units readily releasable using screwthread
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0416—Arrangement in the rear part of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0438—Arrangement under the floor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2306/00—Other features of vehicle sub-units
    • B60Y2306/01—Reducing damages in case of crash, e.g. by improving battery protection
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种用于混合动力车辆电池的可充气防护件。一种用于具有设置在车身底部壁上的电池的车辆的后方碰撞防护件，车身底部壁由纵梁支撑。防护件包括通过车身底部壁附连到纵梁并在电池的横向右侧和横向左侧上纵向延伸的一对侧壁。通道附连到每个侧壁的后端并且布置在电池后面与电池间隔开。气囊附连到通道的面向后面的表面并且可操作地连接到充气系统，该充气系统在后端碰撞中对气囊充气以使其向后膨胀。

Description

用于混合动力车辆电池的可充气防护件
技术领域
本公开涉及附连到电动车辆电池组、混合动力车辆电池组或混合动力车辆内燃发动机的后部以在与后保险杠的碰撞中保护电池或发动机的可充气气囊。
背景技术
封装在车身的后面区域(例如，在行李箱中或行李箱下方)中的混合动力车辆牵引电池干扰车辆的后部结构从碰撞吸收能量的能力。在对可变形障碍物的55mph的后方偏置碰撞中测试车辆。对能量吸收的干扰是由因电池封装而产生的可用碰撞距离的减小或者碰撞模式的改变引起的。在一种碰撞模式中，防止后纵梁因将电池壳体螺栓连接到诸如纵梁、横梁等后部结构能量管理部件而铰接。
对能量吸收的干扰可能导致电池壳体过度应变、电池单元托盘破裂和全电气化车辆的电池中的电池单元断裂。在具有装配到车辆后部的电池或内燃发动机的混合动力车辆中，后端碰撞施加的载荷可传递给电池或者内燃发动机或其相关联部件。
本公开致力于解决以上问题和如下概述的其它问题。
发明内容
根据本公开的一方面，公开了一种用于具有设置在由纵梁支撑的车身底部壁上的电池的车辆的后方碰撞防护件。该防护件包括通过车身底部壁附连到纵梁并且在电池的横向右侧和横向左侧上纵向延伸的一对侧壁。通道附连到每个侧壁的后端并且布置在电池后面与电池间隔开。气囊附连到通道的面向后面的表面并且可操作地连接到充气系统，该充气系统对气囊充气以使其在后端碰撞中向后膨胀。
根据本公开的其它方面，侧壁可以是L形的并且每个侧壁包括固定到纵梁的基部凸缘和邻近于电池的横向侧中的一侧的竖直凸缘。施加到气囊的碰撞力被传递到通道并且随后通过侧壁传递到纵梁。
竖直凸缘可附连到电池的横向侧中的一侧，并且与基部凸缘相比竖直凸缘可被优选地变形以有助于将施加到侧壁的碰撞力通过基部凸缘传递到纵梁。基部凸缘厚度可为T1，竖直凸缘厚度可为T2，其中T2小于T1。
车辆包括装配到吸能罐的后保险杠，吸能罐在对该保险杠的后方碰撞中吸收能量，气囊在后方碰撞中朝向后保险杠膨胀。
通道可具有在上壁与下壁之间延伸的中间壁，其中，中间壁附连到侧壁的相对的横向端。
每个侧壁可包括固定到纵梁的基部凸缘和邻近于电池的横向侧的竖直凸缘，基部凸缘和竖直凸缘由在基部凸缘与竖直凸缘之间对角延伸的倒角壁进行连接。施加到气囊的碰撞力传递到通道并且随后通过倒角壁和基部凸缘传递到纵梁。
根据本公开的另一方面，公开了一种包括装配到通道的面向后面的表面的可充气气囊系统的车辆。一对纵向延伸的纵梁支撑车辆的后部中的电池。右侧壁和左侧壁装配到牵引电池的横向右侧和横向左侧。通道附连到侧壁的后端并且与牵引电池向后间隔开。
可充气气囊系统包括金属气囊，其中施加到金属气囊的碰撞力传递到通道并且随后通过侧壁传递到纵梁。
车辆包括设置在电池下方的车身底部壁和设置在电池上方的车厢地板，其中侧壁通过车身底部壁附连到纵梁。
侧壁是L形的并且每个侧壁包括固定到纵梁的基部凸缘和邻近于电池的横向侧中的一侧的竖直凸缘，基部凸缘和竖直凸缘由在基部凸缘与竖直凸缘之间对角延伸的倒角壁进行连接，其中可充气气囊系统利用施加到气囊的碰撞力展开气囊，施加到气囊的碰撞力依次传递到通道、倒角壁、基部凸缘和纵梁。
根据本发明的一个实施例，车辆包括后保险杠，后保险杠装配到在对后保险杠的后方碰撞中吸收能量的吸能罐，其中，可充气气囊系统展开气囊，并且其中气囊在后方碰撞中朝向后保险杠膨胀。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述通道是具有在上壁与下壁之间延伸的中间壁，其中通道附连在侧壁的相对的横向端部上。
根据本公开，公开了一种牵引马达电池组件，包括：牵引马达电池；电池壳体，封装牵引马达电池并且适于组装在车辆后部并与后保险杠间隔开；气囊，附连到电池壳体的面向后面的表面并与电池间隔开，其中，在后端碰撞中气囊被充气系统充气。
本公开的以上方面和其它方面将在下文中参照附图描述。
附图说明
图1是包括牵引电池的车辆的示意性俯视平面图。
图2是示出设置在车辆的后轮壳之间的牵引电池的局部视图。
图3是包括包围牵引电池的防护组件的牵引电池的透视图。
图4是防护组件的左侧壁的后视图。
图5是防护组件的透视图。
图6是包围牵引电池的防护组件的透视图。
图7是牵引电池的一个后拐角的局部平面视图，示出了左侧壁的一部分和在气囊未充气状况下支撑气囊的通道。
图8是牵引电池相对于车辆的后排座椅组件的局部侧视图。
具体实施方式
参照附图公开示出的实施例。然而，然而，应理解，所公开的实施例仅是示例，这些示例可以以各种和替代的形式实施。附图不一定按照比例绘制，可夸大或最小化一些特征，以示出具体部件的细节。所公开的具体结构和功能性细节不应被解释为限制，而仅仅作为用于教导本领域的技术人员如何实施公开的构思的代表性基础。
参照图1，图示出了包括牵引电池12的车辆10，牵引电池12位于车辆10的后部区域的车厢地板14下方。气囊16被部分地封装在防护组件18中，这将在下文中参照图2至图7的下列描述更全面地描述。牵引电池12被支撑在还可称为车架纵梁的一对纵梁19上。纵梁19可以是独立纵梁或者可以是在承载式车身构造方法中形成的纵梁。
参照图2，在示出车辆的后部的局部视图中部分地示出车辆10。牵引电池12设置在形成行李箱的地板或车辆的掀背区域的车厢地板14下方。在气囊处于其未展开或未充气状况下时，防护组件18部分地包围气囊16。
参照图2，在牵引电池12设置在车厢地板14下方的后部区域中部分地示出了车辆10。在移除气囊16(在图1中示出)的情况下示出防护组件18。车身底部壁24支撑牵引电池12。总体上由标号20指示的通道附连到右侧壁28和左侧壁30。右侧壁28和左侧壁30是附连到牵引电池12的相对的横向侧的L形构件。右侧壁28和左侧壁30的后端32邻接通道20或托盘的中间壁36的面向后面的表面。
后保险杠38被示出位于车辆10的后端。后保险杠38被支撑在被设置为在后端碰撞中吸收冲击能量的一对吸能罐40上。
参照图3，示出了牵引电池12，其中通道20中的左侧壁30设置在牵引电池12的两侧。左侧壁30包括适于附连到车身底部壁24(在图2中示出)的基部凸缘42。竖直凸缘44从基部凸缘42向上延伸。倒角壁46在基部凸缘42与竖直凸缘44之间对角地延伸。通道20包括面向后面的壁36，壁36在其上边缘上设置有上壁48并且在面向后面的壁36的下边缘上设置有下壁50。
参照图4，孤立地示出了左侧壁30。基部凸缘42和竖直凸缘44被示出为在倒角壁46在两个凸缘42、44之间延伸的直角处接合在一起。螺栓52或其它紧固件被示出为准备插入到基部凸缘42和竖直凸缘44中。
基部凸缘42的厚度T1大于竖直凸缘44的厚度T2。竖直凸缘44比基部凸缘42薄，有助于防护组件18(在图3和图4中示出)相对于电池12移动。在后端碰撞事件中，竖直凸缘44将在有限的程度内剪切或变形。竖直凸缘44被设计为相对于牵引电池12移动，同时后端碰撞的大多数力通过基部凸缘42和倒角壁46传递到纵梁19(在图1中示出)。
参照图5，在移除牵引电池的情况下孤立地示出了防护组件(总体上由标号18指示)，该防护组件包括通道20以及右侧壁28和左侧壁30。示出了设置在通道20或托盘内的气囊16。面向后面的壁36通过上壁48和下壁50设置在面向后面的壁36的上端和下端两侧。充气系统54被图示为被致动以对气囊16进行充气。充气系统54包括控制件和在后端碰撞事件中致动的烟火式充气机，以保护牵引电池12。
参照图6，示出了围绕牵引电池12设置的防护组件18。左侧壁30被示出包括沿着电池12的左侧延伸的基部凸缘42、竖直凸缘44和倒角壁46。用于包含气囊16的通道20或托盘被示出为包括面向后面的壁36、上壁48和下壁50。
参照图7，示出了防护组件18和牵引电池12的拐角。防护组件18的通道20与电池12间隔开，如箭头G所指示的。通道20附连到左侧壁30的后端或背端32。在后端碰撞事件中，气囊充气并吸收冲击能量，该冲击能量进而传递到通道20。起初，通道20可扭曲或变形到间隙G中。能量从通道20传递到左侧壁30(并且以类似的方式传递到右侧壁28)。碰撞力随后从侧壁28、30传递到纵梁19。车身底部壁24支撑牵引电池12，并且施加在防护组件18上的力通过车身底部壁24传递到纵梁19。
参照图8，总体上由标号56指示的后排座椅被示出为与牵引电池间隔开距离“S”。前电池支架58被固定到车辆以保持电池12在后端碰撞事件中不沿着向前的方向移位。
上面描述的实施例是未描述本公开的全部可能形式的具体示例。可以对示出的实施例的特征进行组合，以形成所公开构思进一步的实施例。说明书中使用的词语是描述性词语而非限制性词语。权利要求的范围比具体公开的实施例的范围更宽，并且还包括示出实施例的变型。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于车辆的防护件，所述车辆在由纵梁支撑的车身底部壁上具有电池，所述防护件包括：
侧壁，通过车身底部壁附连到纵梁并且在电池的横向右侧和横向左侧上纵向延伸；
通道，附连到每个侧壁的后端并且布置在电池后面与电池间隔开；
气囊，附连到通道的面向后面的表面；
系统，对气囊充气以使其向后膨胀。
2.如权利要求1所述的防护件，其中，侧壁是L形的并且每个侧壁包括固定到纵梁的基部凸缘和邻近于电池的横向侧中的一侧的竖直凸缘。
3.如权利要求2所述的防护件，其中，施加到气囊的碰撞力被传递到通道并且随后通过侧壁传递到纵梁。
4.如权利要求2所述的防护件，其中，基部凸缘厚度为T1，竖直凸缘厚度为T2，其中，T2小于T1。
5.如权利要求4所述的防护件，其中，竖直凸缘附连到电池的横向侧中的一侧，并且与基部凸缘相比竖直凸缘优先变形以有助于将施加到侧壁的碰撞力通过基部凸缘传递到纵梁。
6.如权利要求1所述的防护件，其中，车辆包括后保险杠，后保险杠装配到在对后保险杠的后方碰撞中吸收能量的吸能罐，并且其中，气囊在后方碰撞中朝向后保险杠膨胀。
7.如权利要求1所述的防护件，其中，车辆包括设置在电池上方的车厢地板。
8.如权利要求1所述的防护件，其中，通道具有在上壁与下壁之间延伸的中间壁，其中，中间壁附连在所述侧壁的相对的横向端部上。
9.如权利要求1所述的防护件，其中，每个侧壁包括固定到纵梁的基部凸缘和邻近于电池的横向侧的竖直凸缘，基部凸缘和竖直凸缘由在基部凸缘与竖直凸缘之间对角延伸的倒角壁进行连接，其中，施加到气囊的碰撞力被传递到通道并且随后通过倒角壁和基部凸缘被传递到纵梁。
10.一种车辆，包括：
一对纵向延伸的纵梁；
电池，在车辆后部支撑在纵梁上；
右侧壁和左侧壁，装配到牵引电池的横向右侧和横向左侧；
通道，附连到侧壁的后端，其中，通道与牵引电池向后间隔开；
可充气的气囊系统，装配到通道的面向后面的表面。
11.如权利要求10所述的车辆，其中，侧壁是L形的并且每个侧壁包括固定到纵梁中的一个的基部凸缘和邻近于电池的横向侧中的一侧的竖直凸缘。
12.如权利要求11所述的车辆，其中，可充气的气囊系统包括金属气囊，其中，施加到金属气囊的碰撞力被传递到通道并且随后通过侧壁被传递到纵梁。
13.如权利要求11所述的车辆，其中，基部凸缘厚度为T1，竖直凸缘厚度为T2，其中，T2小于T1。
14.如权利要求13所述的车辆，其中，每个竖直凸缘附连到电池的横向侧中的一侧，并且与基部凸缘相比竖直凸缘优先变形以有助于将施加到侧壁的碰撞力通过基部凸缘传递到纵梁。
15.如权利要求10所述的车辆，其中，侧壁是L形的并且每个侧壁包括固定到纵梁的基部凸缘和邻近于电池的横向侧中的一侧的竖直凸缘，基部凸缘和竖直凸缘由在基部凸缘与竖直凸缘之间对角延伸的倒角壁进行连接，其中，可充气气囊系统利用施加到气囊的碰撞力展开气囊，施加到气囊的碰撞力依次被传递到通道、倒角壁、基部凸缘和纵梁。
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