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CN109009583B - 臼杯安放位置定位装置 - Google Patents

臼杯安放位置定位装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109009583B
CN109009583B CN201811037083.6A CN201811037083A CN109009583B CN 109009583 B CN109009583 B CN 109009583B CN 201811037083 A CN201811037083 A CN 201811037083A CN 109009583 B CN109009583 B CN 109009583B
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CN109009583A (zh
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李建文
杨永博
万蕾
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Shaoxing Shangyu District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/46—Special tools for implanting artificial joints
    • A61F2/4603—Special tools for implanting artificial joints for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
    • A61F2/4609—Special tools for implanting artificial joints for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof of acetabular cups
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/46—Special tools for implanting artificial joints
    • A61F2/4657—Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/46—Special tools for implanting artificial joints
    • A61F2/4657—Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints
    • A61F2002/4668—Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints for measuring angles

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种臼杯安放位置定位装置，包括固定杆、定位杆、前倾角标尺、外展角标尺；固定杆与定位杆轴接，定位杆上具有克氏针插孔，在固定杆顶端具有前倾角标尺，该前倾角标尺所处的平面与定位杆所处的平面平行，在固定杆中间位置具有外展角标尺及角度指针；外展角标尺所处的平面与定位杆所处的平面垂直；上述角度指针与固定杆轴接并与外展角标尺匹配。本发明可解决如何在患者体位变动时也可获得较为精确的定位的技术问题。

Description

臼杯安放位置定位装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种医疗器械，具体的说是一种全髋置换手术中对臼杯安放位置进行定位的装置。
背景技术
全髋置换手术时，臼杯安放的位置不良，下肢力线改变，易导致术后髋关节7脱位，假体磨损率增高，假体松动等并发症，而臼杯安放的位置符合人体解剖，则可减少这些风险，获得良好的功能。通畅臼杯的安放，前倾角和外展角的角度值估计是在器械厂商的力线导向工具的指导下确定的，常因术中骨盆位置的变化而定位不准确，尤其是侧卧位的时候。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种臼杯安放位置定位装置，解决如何在患者体位变动时也可获得较为精确的定位的技术问题。
臼杯安放位置定位装置，包括固定杆、定位杆、前倾角标尺、外展角标尺；固定杆与定位杆轴接，定位杆上具有克氏针插孔，在固定杆顶端具有前倾角标尺，该前倾角标尺所处的平面与定位杆所处的平面平行，在固定杆中间位置具有外展角标尺及角度指针；外展角标尺所处的平面与定位杆所处的平面垂直；上述角度指针与固定杆轴接并与外展角标尺匹配。
所述固定杆与定位杆整体均成半圆柱形，两者合并成圆柱形。
本发明的有益效果是：由于设有固定杆，这样起到固定其它部件及对其它部件进行定位的作用；由于设有定位杆，这样起到对克氏针进行前倾角定位的作用；由于设有前倾角标尺，这样对定位针转动的角度进行精确标记；由于设有外展角标尺，这样对定位针的外展角进行精确标记。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图；
图2是本发明的另一侧面结构示意图；
图3是本发明的平放角度指针归零的示意图；
图4是本发明使用状态的示意图；
图5是显示臼杯处于外展角正确位置同时克氏针与其平行定位的布置图；
图6是显示臼杯处于前倾角正确位置同时克氏针与其平行定位的布置图；
图7是按照克氏针的定位方向插入臼杯的示意图；
图8是利用直角三角形的两个锐角互余的原理对外展角标尺进行角度精确定位的原理图；
图中 1. 固定杆、2. 定位杆、21. 克氏针插孔、3. 前倾角标尺、4. 外展角标尺、5. 臼杯、7.髋关节、71. 髋臼、8. 身体冠状面、9. 角度指针、10.床面。
实施方式
请参考图1至图7，图中的臼杯安放位置定位装置，包括一个固定杆1、一个定位杆2、一个前倾角标尺3、一个外展角标尺4。
固定杆1整体成半圆柱形，其在使用过程中与身体冠状面8在同一平面，身体冠状面8相当于患者处于侧躺位时身体与床面10垂直的那个面。该固定杆1可采用不锈钢材质制成。
定位杆2同样整体为半圆柱形，其采用轴接方式与固定杆1整体结合成一个圆柱形。定位杆2上具有用于克氏针插入的克氏针插孔21，固定杆2和定位杆2的半圆形设计便于两者相互转动。该定位杆2也可采用不锈钢材质制成。
前倾角标尺3固定在固定杆1顶端，该前倾角较为固定杆1与定位杆2之间的角度b；该前倾角标尺3所处的平面与定位杆2所处的平面平行，这样当定位杆2在固定杆1上转动时定位杆2即可作为前倾角标尺3的指针，当前倾角为40-45度时，即将定位杆2旋转到该角度。
外展角标尺4及角度指针9固定在固定杆1中间位置；该外展角的角度即为固定杆1与床面10之间的夹角a；该外展角标尺3所处的平面与定位杆2所处的平面垂直；为了方便理解固定杆1、定位杆2、前倾角标尺3、外展角标尺4相互的位置关系，可设定固定杆1与前倾角标尺3形成一个XY轴即固定杆1为X轴，前倾角标尺3为Y轴，外展角标尺4则为Z轴，定位杆2平行于XY轴形成的平面，角度指针9在XZ轴上转动显示外展角具体角度值，具体为利用直角三角形的两个锐角互余的原理将定位杆2与床面之间的外展角角度转换为外展角标尺4与角度指针9之间的夹角角度值如图8所示。角度指针9与固定杆1轴接并与外展角标尺4匹配指出外展角的具体角度值。当角度指针9指示的角度为10-20度时显示外展角角度值正确符合定位要求。
本发明的使用方法是：把固定杆1置于髋臼71上臂，使固定杆1与身体冠状面8在同一平面，当角度指针9在重力的作用下测量的角度即为髋臼外展角；调整定位杆2，在前倾角标尺3上得到的角度即为前倾角；通过定位杆2打入克氏针；通过克氏针方向进行磨锉髋臼71，安装臼杯5。
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，上面结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行了清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以上对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。

Claims (2)

1.一种臼杯安放位置定位装置，其特征在于：包括固定杆、定位杆、前倾角标尺、外展角标尺；固定杆与定位杆轴接，定位杆上具有克氏针插孔，在固定杆顶端具有前倾角标尺，该前倾角标尺所处的平面与定位杆所处的平面平行，在固定杆中间位置具有外展角标尺及角度指针；外展角标尺所处的平面与定位杆所处的平面垂直；上述角度指针与固定杆轴接并与外展角标尺匹配；身体冠状面相当于患者处于侧躺位时身体与床面垂直的那个面;把固定杆置于髋臼上臂，使固定杆与身体冠状面在同一平面，角度指针在重力的作用下测量的角度即为髋臼外展角；调整定位杆，在前倾角标尺上得到的角度即为前倾角；通过定位杆打入克氏针；通过克氏针方向进行磨锉髋臼，安装臼杯；固定杆采用不锈钢材质制成。
2.根据权利要求1中所述的一种臼杯安放位置定位装置，其特征在于：所述固定杆与定位杆整体均成半圆柱形，两者合并成圆柱形。
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CN111134916B (zh) * 2020-01-20 2025-01-10 青岛大学附属医院 髋臼制备y型导向臂装置

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