CN108992216A - Artificial neural plate and internal fixation device of spine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an artificial lamina, which comprises a lamina body and a lamina fixing device; at least two fixing holes are opened on both sides of the lamina body, and the fixing holes on both sides are arranged correspondingly; internal threads are arranged in the fixing holes; The four corners of the lamina body are respectively provided with receiving grooves; the lamina fixation device includes a fixed block, a screw, a nut and a top screw. The through hole is connected with the longitudinal hole, and the inside is provided with internal thread; the external thread on the screw rod matches the internal thread of the horizontal through hole, and can pass through the horizontal through hole; the external thread of the top screw and the internal thread of the longitudinal hole The screw thread matches and can be screwed into the longitudinal hole; the external thread of the screw rod matches the internal thread of the nut and can pass through the nut; the external thread on the screw rod matches the internal thread of the fixing hole, and the screw rod passes through the corresponding fixing hole. hole. The invention also discloses a spinal internal fixation device, which includes the above artificial lamina.

Description

Artificial lamina and spinal internal fixation device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an artificial lamina and a spinal internal fixation device.

Background technique

Laminectomy is a frequently performed operation in some degenerative diseases of the spine and trauma to the posterior column of the spine. The symptoms of most patients can be relieved for a long time after surgery, but some patients have symptoms of recurrence of postoperative pain. One of the main reasons is the fibrosis around the dura mater and nerve roots in the laminectomy part. A large number of scars make the dura mater and nerve roots adhere to the surrounding tissues, especially the dorsal sacral spinous muscle, which involves and compresses the nerves. And cause, also cause great difficulty to reoperation. In recent years, artificial laminae have been used in posterior spinal surgery to prevent scar formation and maintain stability of the posterior spine.

Existing lamina usually requires special screws or wires for fixation, such as the "artificial lamina" of patent CN2880012Y and the "artificial lamina for spinal laminectomy" of patent application CN201710483156.3. Complexity or unnecessary damage to the patient; although the patent CN107411854A is fixed by a buckle, which avoids unnecessary damage to the patient by punching and installing, but the contact area is small only through the buckle connection, and the fixation is not stable enough. The buckle is easy to release from the titanium rod.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an artificial lamina, which can be fixed conveniently and can be firmly connected with the existing screw-rod system.

One aspect of the present invention provides an artificial lamina, including a lamina body and a lamina fixation device;

Both sides of the lamina body are provided with at least two fixing holes, and the fixing holes on both sides are set correspondingly; internal threads are arranged in the fixing holes; multiple fixing holes can be opened according to needs, but the fixing holes The number should not affect the firmness of the laminar body.

The four corners of the lamina body are respectively provided with receiving grooves;

The lamina fixation device includes a fixing block, a screw rod, a nut and a top screw. The fixing block is provided with a transverse through hole, a longitudinal hole opened from the upper surface, and a groove capable of engaging a titanium rod. The transverse through hole and the The above-mentioned longitudinal holes are connected, and internal threads are provided inside; preferably, the inner diameter of the groove is the same as the diameter of the titanium rod in the nail-rod system, which can firmly bite the titanium rod.

The external thread on the screw rod matches the internal thread of the horizontal through hole, and can pass through the horizontal through hole; the external thread of the jack screw matches the internal thread of the longitudinal hole, and can be screwed into the longitudinal hole; the external thread of the screw matches the internal thread of the nut and can pass through the nut;

The external thread on the screw matches the internal thread of the fixing hole, and the screw passes through the corresponding fixing hole.

Preferably, the lamina is an arched structure with a convex middle. More preferably, the raised portion is the same as the raised arc of a normal human lamina.

Preferably, the corners of the lamina are rounded. It can reduce the weight of the vertebral body and avoid damaging the surrounding tissues during implantation.

Preferably, one end of the screw is further provided with several longitudinal thin grooves, which can increase the frictional force when the screw is turned.

Preferably, the accommodating groove can partially accommodate the screw head portion of the pedicle screw.

More preferably, the shape of the receiving groove is adapted to the shape of the head of the pedicle screw.

Preferably, the two ends of the lamina body are provided with engaging grooves, and the engaging grooves at both ends are correspondingly arranged, and the engaging grooves can be seamlessly spliced when two pieces of the lamina bodies are put together.

Preferably, the lamina body uses degradable materials; preferably, natural biodegradable materials are used. More preferably, synthetic biodegradable materials are used.

Another aspect of the present invention also provides a spinal internal fixation device, comprising any one of the above-mentioned artificial lamina.

Beneficial effect

The invention discloses an artificial lamina. The artificial lamina includes a lamina body and a lamina fixing device. Fixing holes are opened on both sides of the lamina body. Internal threads are arranged in the fixing holes. The screw rod in the lamina fixing device The external thread on the top matches the internal thread of the horizontal through hole in the fixed block, passes through the horizontal through hole and then passes through the fixed hole of the lamina body, and the penetration end is screwed into the vertical hole of the fixed block downwards. Press the fixed position, and the piercing end that goes out of the lamina body is fixed by a nut. At the same time, the groove on the fixed block that can bite the titanium rod also bites the titanium rod. By tightening the nut, the occlusal force is increased and the lamina is pressed to the same time. On the side of the fixed block, the lamina fixed block and the screw-rod system are integrated into one, so that the stress is evenly distributed throughout the screw-rod system and the lamina, ensuring the stability and effectiveness of the three-position fixation.

The lamina in the present invention is connected to the existing spinal fixation screw-rod system through the lamina fixation device. It is firm, and also simplifies the installation steps of the lamina, saves operation time, and avoids injury to the patient caused by repeated fixation. The artificial lamina of this application is also designed with a slot structure at both ends of the lamina body, so that when multiple lamina are required to be connected and fixed, the lamina can be interlocked and seamlessly connected to prevent scars from crawling in or autologous bone grafting Fragments fall into the spinal canal. The artificial lamina of the present application also uses biodegradable materials, which can be absorbed and decomposed by the human body after being implanted in the human body for a period of time, which not only prevents scars from causing adverse effects on the spine, but also does not hinder the growth of new bone.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of artificial lamina of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the left view of artificial lamina of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the front view of artificial lamina of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the top view of artificial lamina of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the front view of screw rod of the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural view of the spinal internal fixation device of the present invention;

7 is an exploded view of the spinal internal fixation device of the present invention;

8 is a schematic structural view of the artificial lamina of Example 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the assembled state structure of the artificial lamina according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

The reference signs are as follows:

Lamina body 1, fixing hole 11, receiving groove 12, card slot 13, lamina fixing device 2, fixing block 21, longitudinal hole 211, transverse through hole 212, groove 213, top screw 22, screw rod 23, longitudinal thin groove 231, nut 24, pedicle screw 3, titanium rod 4.

Detailed ways

The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

Example 1

Referring to Figures 1 to 7, this embodiment provides an artificial lamina, which is used to combine with the spinal internal fixation screw-rod system to fix the spinal column where the lamina has been removed, and prevent scar tissue from making the dura mater and The nerve root adheres to the surrounding tissues, especially the dorsal sacral spinous muscle, which pulls and compresses the nerve. It is also convenient for secondary surgery.

The artificial lamina in this embodiment includes a lamina body 1 and a lamina fixation device 2, the lamina body 1 is a raised arched structure in the middle (the lamina body can also be a flat plate structure, which can block scar tissue), The curvature of the arch is the same as that of the normal lamina of the human body. Preferably, it can also be designed as a variety of curvatures to suit the needs of different human bodies.

Both sides are provided with two fixing holes 11 (multiple fixing holes can be opened according to needs, but the number of openings should not affect the firmness of the lamina body), and the fixing holes 11 on both sides are set correspondingly; There are internal threads. The four corners of the lamina body 1 are respectively provided with receiving grooves 12, which can be used to accommodate the nail caps of the pedicle screws 3 when the lamina body 1 is fixed in the screw rod system. In this embodiment, the receiving grooves 12 are square. Preferably, It can also be designed as a semicircular groove or an arc groove that is compatible with the nail head of the pedicle screw 3, so that the combination of the lamina body 1 and the screw-rod system is tighter. The receiving groove 12 can partially accommodate the nail head portion of the pedicle screw 3 .

The lamina fixing device 2 includes a fixing block 21, a screw rod 23, a nut 24 and a top screw 22. The fixing block 21 is provided with a transverse through hole 212, a longitudinal hole 211 opened from the upper surface, and a groove 213 for engaging the titanium rod 4. The through hole 212 communicates with the longitudinal hole 211 , and both are provided with internal threads; the inner diameter of the groove 213 is the same as the diameter of the titanium rod 4 in the nail rod system, which can firmly bite the titanium rod 4 . The external thread on the screw rod 23 cooperates with the internal thread of the transverse through hole 212, and can pass through the transverse through hole 212; the external thread of the top screw 22 cooperates with the internal thread of the longitudinal hole 211, and can be screwed into the longitudinal hole 211; The external thread of the screw rod 23 matches the internal thread of the nut 24 and can pass through the nut 24 ; the external thread on the screw rod 23 cooperates with the internal thread of the fixing hole 11 , and the screw rod 23 passes through the corresponding fixing hole 11 . The screw rod 23 passes through the transverse through hole 212 and then passes through the fixing hole 11 of the lamina body 1, and the threaded end presses down the fixed position through the top screw 22 screwed into the longitudinal hole 211 of the fixing block 21, and passes through the lamina The piercing end of the body 1 is fixed by the nut 24, and at the same time, the groove 213 provided on the fixing block 21 which can bite the rod also bites the titanium rod 4, and the occlusal force is increased by tightening the nut 24, and at the same time the laminar body 1 is pressed to the fixing block 21, the lamina body 1, the fixing block 21 and the nail-rod system can be combined into one.

In this embodiment, one end of the screw 23 is provided with a plurality of longitudinal thin grooves 231 , which can increase the friction force when the screw 23 is rotated, and facilitate the user to operate when installing the screw 23 .

The laminar body 1 is made of degradable materials, such as natural biodegradable materials or synthetic biodegradable materials. Natural biodegradable materials include: chitin, chitosan, fibrin, collagen and cellulose derivatives, etc.; synthetic biodegradable materials include: polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, polycaprolactone, polyhydroxybutyric acid esters, polyanhydrides or their copolymers. In this embodiment, it is specifically made of artificially synthesized biodegradable materials.

When in use, take the exposure method of the whole laminar spinal canal in lumbar internal fixation surgery as an example, use spinous process scissors to cut off the spinous process at the root, use a sharp knife to cut off the interlaminar ligamentum flavum, and use a rongeur to bite off the lamina to expose the chest and waist Segmental dura mater and nerve roots. Use a nerve stripper to push it aside to expose the posterior longitudinal ligament of the lumbar spine, the vertebral body, and the dorsal side of the intervertebral disc. Determine the entry point of the 3 pedicle screws, bite off the articular process, and use the opener to pass through the bilateral pedicles. Each vertebral body is driven into the pedicle screw 3 nail body, and the titanium rod 4 is placed, and the top wire 22 of the fixed pedicle screw 3 is pressed into the head of the pedicle screw 3 with the titanium rod 4, and the artificial lamina body is 1. It is fixed at the laminar defect. The holding screw 23 has one end with a longitudinal thin groove, and the other end is inserted into the fixing hole 11 of the lamina body 1, rotated and penetrated in the direction of the thread, and passes through the opposite fixing hole 11, and one end is passed out It is fixed by nut 24, the threaded end is screwed into the top wire 22 in the longitudinal hole 211 of the fixed block 21, and the fixed position is pressed downward, and the threaded end that passes through the lamina body 1 is fixed by the nut 24, and the fixed block 21 is opened at the same time. The groove 213 of the occlusal rod also bites the titanium rod 4, adjusts the tightness and fixes the lamina body 1 by tightening the nut 24, and presses the lamina body 1 to the side of the fixed block while increasing the occlusal force, and then uses a large amount of normal saline The wound was washed, a drainage tube was placed after hemostasis, and sutured layer by layer.

The artificial lamina of this embodiment fixes the lamina body 1 in the existing screw-and-rod system through the lamina fixing device 2, so that the artificial lamina can be combined with the existing spinal fixation screw-and-rod system, and the screw rod in the fixing device can be used. 23. The nut 24 and the fixing block 21 are fixed to make the lamina easy to install and avoid repeated fixation from causing injury to the patient. The lamina of this embodiment also uses artificially synthesized biodegradable materials. Compared with natural biodegradable materials, artificially synthesized biodegradable materials have microstructure, mechanical energy, shape, and material degradation time. It is artificially pre-set so that it can be completely degraded in the human body without affecting new bone formation, and can be mass-produced according to standards.

Example 2

Referring to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, the artificial lamina in this embodiment includes a lamina body 1 and a lamina fixation device 2, the lamina body 1 is a convex arched structure in the middle, and the arc of the arch is similar to that of a normal human body lamina. same arc.

Both sides are provided with two fixing holes 11, and the fixing holes 11 on both sides are arranged correspondingly; the fixing holes 11 are provided with internal threads. The four corners of the lamina body 1 are respectively provided with accommodating grooves 12, which can be used to accommodate the nail caps of the pedicle screws 3 when the lamina is fixed in the screw-rod system. In this embodiment, the accommodating grooves 12 are square. Preferably, they can also be It is designed as a semicircular groove or an arc-shaped groove suitable for the 3 nail heads of the pedicle screw, so that the body of the lamina and the screw-rod system can be combined more closely. The accommodating groove 12 can partially accommodate or the nail head portion of the pedicle screw 3 . Preferably, the corners of the lamina body 1 are rounded (not shown in the figure). It can reduce the weight of the vertebral body and avoid damaging the surrounding tissues during implantation.

The lamina fixing device 2 includes a fixing block 21, a screw rod 23, a nut 24 and a top screw 22. The fixing block 21 is provided with a transverse through hole 212, a longitudinal hole 211 provided from the upper surface, and a groove 213 for engaging a rod. 212 communicates with the longitudinal hole 211 and is provided with internal threads; the inner diameter of the groove 213 is the same as the diameter of the titanium rod 4 in the nail-rod system, which can firmly bite the titanium rod 4 . The external thread on the screw rod 23 cooperates with the internal thread of the transverse through hole 212, and can pass through the transverse through hole 212; the external thread of the top screw 22 cooperates with the internal thread of the longitudinal hole 211, and can be screwed into the longitudinal hole 211; The external thread of the screw rod 23 matches the internal thread of the nut 24 and can pass through the nut 24 ; the external thread on the screw rod 23 cooperates with the internal thread of the fixing hole 11 , and the screw rod 23 passes through the corresponding fixing hole 11 . The screw rod 23 passes through the transverse through hole 212 and then passes through the fixing hole 11 of the lamina body 1, and the threaded end presses down the fixed position through the top screw 22 screwed into the longitudinal hole 211 of the fixing block 21, and passes through the lamina The piercing end of the body 1 is fixed by the nut 24, and at the same time, the groove 213 provided on the fixing block 21 which can bite the rod also bites the titanium rod 4, and the occlusal force is increased by tightening the nut 24, and at the same time the laminar body 1 is pressed to the fixing block 21, the lamina body 1, the fixing block 21 and the nail-rod system can be combined into one.

In this embodiment, the two ends of the lamina body 1 are also respectively provided with slots 13, and the slots 13 at both ends are staggered and set (for example: the slot at one end is arranged in the upper half, and the slot at the opposite end is arranged in the lower half part), so that when multiple artificial lamina are required to be connected and fixed, the lamina bodies 1 can be engaged with each other and seamlessly connected to prevent scars from creeping in or fragments of autologous bone grafts from falling into the spinal canal.

The edge of the laminar body 1 should be designed with rounded corners as far as possible without affecting the seamless splicing (not shown in the figure).

The use method and advantages are not repeated for the same part as in Example 1, and the artificial lamina in this example has a rounded edge design to avoid sharp corners from hurting surrounding tissues during installation.

Example 3

Embodiment 3 provides a spinal internal fixation device, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, this embodiment includes the artificial lamina described in Embodiment 1, and the technical features of the artificial lamina disclosed in Embodiment 1 are also applicable to this Embodiments, Embodiment 1 The technical features of the disclosed artificial lamina will not be described repeatedly.

The spinal internal fixation device provided in this embodiment includes a screw-rod system and an artificial lamina.

The screw-rod system and the artificial lamina are fixed on the titanium rod 4 through the lamina fixation device 2 of the artificial lamina. The spinal internal fixation device simplifies the installation steps of the artificial lamina, reduces excessive damage to the patient's vertebral body, improves the firmness of the lamina installation, and increases the stability of the spinal internal fixation system.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with general descriptions and specific embodiments above, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present invention. Therefore, the modifications or improvements made on the basis of not departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of artificial neural plate, which is characterized in that including vertebral plate ontology and vertebra board fixer；

Vertebral plate ontology two sides offer at least two fixation holes, the corresponding setting of the fixation hole of two sides；It is described solid Determine to be provided with internal screw thread in hole；The quadrangle of the vertebral plate ontology opens up holding tank respectively；

The vertebra board fixer includes fixed block, screw rod, nut and jackscrew, and the fixed block offers cross through hole, from upper Longitudinal hole that surface opens up and the groove that can be engaged stud, the cross through hole are connected with the longitudinal hole, and it is internal all Equipped with internal screw thread；External screw thread on the screw rod is matched with the internal screw thread of the cross through hole, can be from the cross through hole It passes through；The external screw thread of the jackscrew is matched with the internal screw thread of the longitudinal hole, can be screwed into the longitudinal hole；Outside the screw rod Screw thread is matched with the internal screw thread of the nut, may pass through the nut；

External screw thread on the screw rod is matched with the internal screw thread of the fixation hole, and the screw rod passes through the corresponding fixation Hole.

2. artificial neural plate as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the vertebral plate is the domes of intermediate projections.

3. artificial neural plate as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the corner of the vertebral plate is all rounded structure.

4. artificial neural plate as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described screw rod one end is additionally provided with several longitudinal strias.

5. artificial neural plate as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the holding tank can partially accommodate the nail of pedicle screw Head point.

6. artificial neural plate as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the shape and pedicle screw ailhead shape of the holding tank Shape is adapted.

7. artificial neural plate as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that vertebral plate ontology both ends be equipped with clamping groove, described two The corresponding setting of clamping groove is held, whens two pieces of vertebral plate ontology splits, the clamping groove can be seamless spliced.

8. artificial neural plate as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the vertebral plate ontology uses biodegradable material system At.

9. a kind of internal fixation device of spine, which is characterized in that including the artificial neural plate as described in any in claim 1 to 8.