CN108982061B - Automated point source transmittance stray light test system and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
自动化点源透过率杂散光测试系统及方法，涉及杂散光测试技术领域，为了解决采用手动操作测试系统测量点源透过率，测量精度低、效率低的问题。脉冲激光器出射的激光经光束整形器整形后入射至平行光管，激光经平行光管准直后入射至旋转台上的待测光学系统；第一探测系统位于待测光学系统的入瞳处，且固定在平移机构上；第二探测系统位于待测光学系统的焦面处，且位于旋转台上；第一探测系统和第二探测系统均用于测量辐照度，信号采集系统采集测量结果并将测量结果发送给计算机；计算机用于接收测量结果并计算点源透过率，还用于控制平移机构、旋转台和信号采集系统实现点源透过率的自动化测量。本发明适用于测试点源透过率。
The automatic point source transmittance stray light testing system and method relate to the technical field of stray light testing, in order to solve the problems of low measurement accuracy and low efficiency by using a manual operation testing system to measure point source transmittance. The laser light emitted by the pulsed laser is shaped by the beam shaper and then incident on the collimator. The laser is collimated by the collimator and then incident on the optical system to be measured on the rotating stage; the first detection system is located at the entrance pupil of the optical system to be measured. and fixed on the translation mechanism; the second detection system is located at the focal plane of the optical system to be measured, and is located on the rotating table; the first detection system and the second detection system are both used to measure the irradiance, and the signal acquisition system collects the measurement results The measurement results are sent to the computer; the computer is used to receive the measurement results and calculate the point source transmittance, and is also used to control the translation mechanism, the rotary table and the signal acquisition system to realize the automatic measurement of the point source transmittance. The present invention is suitable for testing point source transmittance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of stray light testing.
Background
Stray light refers to a non-imaging light beam that reaches the image plane of the optical system, forming background noise on the detection element. The existence of stray light affects the imaging quality of the optical system, reduces the contrast of a target, and can cause the optical system to be incapable of working normally in severe cases.
The reasons for the stray light of the optical system are complicated, and are related to not only the manufacturing process and the materials, but also the diffraction phenomenon, the target characteristics and the background special effect. At present, two main methods for measuring stray light are black spot method and point source method. The black spot method device is difficult to realize and has low accuracy. The point source method has high precision and accords with the development trend of space optical technology.
The point source method generally uses point source transmittance to evaluate the stray light suppression level of the system. The Point Source Transmission (PST) is defined as: irradiance E generated on a focal plane after a light source with an off-axis angle theta outside a field of view of an optical system passes through the optical systemd(theta, lambda) and irradiance E incident at the entrance pupil of the optical systemi(θ, λ) ratio.
The existing test system mostly adopts manual operation to measure the point source transmittance at different off-axis angles in the test process, and excessive human intervention influences the measurement precision to a certain extent, so that the existing test system is difficult to measure the system with high precision and high efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of low measurement precision and low efficiency of measuring the point source transmittance by adopting a manual operation test system, thereby providing an automatic point source transmittance stray light test system and method.
The automatic point source transmittance stray light testing system comprises a pulse laser 1, a beam shaper 2, a collimator 3, a first detection system 4, a translation mechanism 5, a rotating table 6, a second detection system 7, a signal acquisition system 8, a computer 9 and a darkroom 10;
laser emitted by the pulse laser 1 is incident to the collimator 3 after being shaped by the beam shaper 2, and the laser is incident to the optical system to be measured 11 on the rotating platform 6 after being collimated by the collimator 3;
the first detection system 4 is positioned at the entrance pupil of the optical system to be detected 11 and is fixed on the translation mechanism 5; the second detection system 7 is positioned at the focal plane of the optical system to be detected 11 and is positioned on the rotating platform 6; the first detection system 4 and the second detection system 7 are used for measuring irradiance, and the signal acquisition system 8 is used for acquiring a measurement result and sending the measurement result to the computer 9;
the computer 9 is used for receiving the measurement result and calculating the point source transmittance; the device is also used for controlling the translation mechanism 5, the rotary table 6 and the signal acquisition system 8 to realize automatic measurement of the point source transmittance;
the first detection system 4, the translation mechanism 5, the rotating platform 6, the second detection system 7, the signal acquisition system 8 and the optical system to be detected 11 are all positioned in the darkroom 10.
Preferably, the optical attenuator further comprises a first optical attenuator and a second optical attenuator;
laser emitted by the collimator 3 is incident to the first detection system 4 after passing through the first optical attenuation device, and the first optical attenuation device is fixedly connected with the first detection system 4; stray light emitted by the optical system to be detected 11 enters the second detection system 7 through the second optical attenuation device, and the second optical attenuation device is fixedly connected with the second detection system 7.
Preferably, the attenuation factor of the second optical attenuation means is variable.
Preferably, the computer controls the translation mechanism 5, the rotary table 6 and the signal acquisition system 8 to realize the automatic measurement of the point source transmittance, which specifically comprises:
a user sets a measurement mode on an interface of the computer 9, when the measurement mode is an entrance illuminance measurement mode, the computer 9 controls the translation mechanism 5 to place the first detection system 4 at the entrance pupil of the optical system to be measured 11, the optical system to be measured 11 measures irradiance at the entrance pupil, and the computer 9 also controls the signal acquisition system 8 to acquire a measurement result; when the measurement mode is the focal plane illumination measurement mode, the computer 9 controls the translation mechanism 5 to move the first detection system 4 away until the laser emitted by the collimator 3 is not blocked, the computer 9 also controls the rotating table 6 to rotate, the second detection system 7 measures the irradiance at the focal plane, and the computer 9 controls the signal acquisition system 8 to acquire the measurement result.
Preferably, the computer 9 controls the rotation table 6 to start rotating from the maximum off-axis angle.
Preferably, the second optical attenuator is in a non-transmissive mode when the entrance illuminance measurement mode and the focal plane illuminance measurement mode are switched.
Preferably, the attenuation factor of the second optical attenuation device is initially at a maximum level, and the computer 9 controls the attenuation factor of the second optical attenuation device to gradually decrease until the measurement result acquired by the signal acquisition system 8 reaches a threshold value.
The invention discloses an automatic point source transmittance stray light testing method, which comprises the following steps:
step one, turning on a pulse laser 1, and waiting for the pulse laser 1 to be stable;
positioning the optical system 11 to be measured to enable the parallel light emitted by the collimator 3 to fill the inlet of the optical system 11 to be measured and enable the center of the optical system 11 to be measured to be located at the rotating center of the rotating table 6;
thirdly, the first detection system 4 measures the irradiance at the entrance pupil of the optical system to be measured 11, and the signal acquisition system 8 acquires the measurement result;
step four, the computer 9 controls the translation mechanism 5 to move away the first detection system 4 until the laser emitted by the collimator 3 is not blocked;
step five, the computer 9 controls the attenuation times of the second optical attenuation device to be initialized to the maximum level;
step six, the computer 9 controls the rotating platform 6 to rotate to the maximum off-axis angle;
step seven, the second detection system 7 measures the irradiance at the focal plane, and the signal acquisition system 8 acquires the measurement result;
step eight, the computer 9 judges whether the measurement result acquired by the signal acquisition system 8 reaches a threshold value, if so, the computer 9 records the measurement result, otherwise, the computer 9 controls the attenuation multiple of the second optical attenuation device to reduce by one grade and returns to the step seven;
step nine, the computer 9 controls the rotating platform 6 to rotate to the next off-axis angle according to the set rule;
step ten, repeating the step seven to the step nine, and calculating the point source transmittance under different off-axis angles by the computer 9 according to the measurement result;
and eleventh, drawing a point source transmittance curve under different off-axis angles, and evaluating the stray light suppression capability of the optical system 11 to be tested according to the curve.
Preferably, the setting rule in step nine is specifically: the rotating platform 6 starts to rotate from the maximum positive off-axis angle, gradually reduces the off-axis angle according to the set step length until the minimum positive off-axis angle is reached, then starts to rotate from the maximum negative off-axis angle, and gradually reduces the off-axis angle according to the set step length until the minimum negative off-axis angle is reached.
The invention integrates the translation mechanism, the rotating platform and the signal acquisition system of the mechanical part of the point source transmittance stray light test system into software, thereby realizing the computer automatic measurement of the point source transmittance stray light test system. The invention reduces the human intervention in the measuring process, reduces the operation difficulty and realizes the high-speed and high-precision point source transmittance measurement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automated point source transmittance stray light testing system according to one embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an automated measurement by computer control according to a first embodiment.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the automatic stray light testing system for the point source transmittance is specifically described with reference to fig. 1 and 2, and includes a pulse laser 1, a beam shaper 2, a collimator 3, a first detection system 4, a translation mechanism 5, a rotary table 6, a second detection system 7, a signal acquisition system 8, a computer 9, and a darkroom 10;
laser emitted by the pulse laser 1 is incident to the collimator 3 after being shaped by the beam shaper 2, and the laser is incident to the optical system to be measured 11 on the rotating platform 6 after being collimated by the collimator 3; the light beam is reflected, refracted, scattered or diffracted by elements and mechanical structures of the optical system 11 to be detected to reach the focal plane of the optical system 11 to be detected;
the first detection system 4 is positioned at the entrance pupil of the optical system to be detected 11 and is fixed on the translation mechanism 5; the second detection system 7 is positioned at the focal plane of the optical system to be detected 11 and is positioned on the rotating platform 6; the first detection system 4 and the second detection system 7 are used for measuring irradiance, and the signal acquisition system 8 is used for acquiring a measurement result and sending the measurement result to the computer 9;
the computer 9 is used for receiving the measurement result and calculating the point source transmittance; and the device is also used for controlling the translation mechanism 5, the rotating platform 6 and the signal acquisition system 8 to realize the automatic measurement of the point source transmittance. The rotating platform 6 drives the optical system 11 to be measured to rotate so as to realize stray light measurement at different off-axis angles.
In order to extend the dynamic range of the stray light test system, the test system further comprises a light attenuation device. A first optical attenuation device is arranged at the entrance pupil of the optical system to be detected 11 to protect the detection system; and a second optical attenuation device with variable attenuation times is placed at the focal plane, so that the dynamic range of the stray light test system is expanded.
The first detection system 4, the translation mechanism 5, the rotating table 6, the second detection system 7, the signal acquisition system 8, the optical system to be detected 11, the first optical attenuation device and the second optical attenuation device are all located in the darkroom 10. So as to reduce the influence of scattering of the inner wall of the environment on the measurement result.
The test system is provided with two sets of detection systems, wherein one set of detection system is positioned at the entrance pupil of the optical system 11 to be tested, the detection system at the entrance pupil is carried on the translation mechanism 5, and the detection system at the entrance pupil can be moved away by controlling the translation mechanism 5. The other set of detection system is located at the focal plane of the optical system to be detected 11, and the signal acquisition system 8 respectively acquires signals of the entrance pupil and the focal plane detection system.
For the asymmetric optical system 11 to be tested, the test system needs to have the function of measuring the transmittance of the point source corresponding to the positive and negative off-axis angles. In order to realize the measurement of the point source transmittance of the optical system with positive and negative off-axis angles, the detection system needs to be protected when the angle is close to the field angle, so that the second optical attenuation device at the focal plane is in a light-tight mode when the positive and negative off-axis angles are converted.
The control of the computer 9 comprises an entrance illumination measurement mode and a focal plane illumination measurement mode, the focal plane illumination measurement mode is divided into positive off-axis angle stray light measurement and negative off-axis angle stray light measurement, and a user only needs to set parameters such as an off-axis range and the number of collected data on a computer interface, so that the automatic measurement of the point source transmittance of the optical system to be measured 11 can be realized.
A user sets a measurement mode on an interface of the computer 9, when the measurement mode is an entrance illuminance measurement mode, the computer 9 controls the translation mechanism 5 to place the first detection system 4 at the entrance pupil of the optical system to be measured 11, the optical system to be measured 11 measures irradiance at the entrance pupil, and the computer 9 also controls the signal acquisition system 8 to acquire a measurement result; when the measurement mode is the focal plane illumination measurement mode, the computer 9 controls the translation mechanism 5 to move the first detection system 4 away until the laser emitted by the collimator 3 is not blocked, the computer 9 also controls the rotating table 6 to rotate, the second detection system 7 measures the irradiance at the focal plane, and the computer 9 controls the signal acquisition system 8 to acquire the measurement result.
The computer 9 controls the rotating platform 6 to rotate from the maximum off-axis angle to the small off-axis angle. The attenuation multiple of the second optical attenuation device is initially in a maximum level, i.e., a light-tight mode, and the computer 9 controls the attenuation multiple of the second optical attenuation device to gradually decrease until the measurement result acquired by the signal acquisition system 8 reaches a threshold value. The detection system is effectively protected.
The second embodiment is as follows: the automated stray light testing method for the point source transmittance described in the present embodiment is implemented based on the automated stray light testing system for the point source transmittance described in the first embodiment, and includes the following steps:
step one, turning on a pulse laser 1, and waiting for the pulse laser 1 to be stable;
positioning the optical system 11 to be measured to enable the parallel light emitted by the collimator 3 to fill the inlet of the optical system 11 to be measured and enable the center of the optical system 11 to be measured to be located at the rotating center of the rotating table 6;
thirdly, the first detection system 4 measures the irradiance at the entrance pupil of the optical system to be measured 11, and the signal acquisition system 8 acquires the measurement result;
step four, the computer 9 controls the translation mechanism 5 to move away the first detection system 4 until the laser emitted by the collimator 3 is not blocked;
step five, the computer 9 controls the attenuation times of the second optical attenuation device to be initialized to the maximum level;
step six, the computer 9 controls the rotating platform 6 to rotate to the maximum off-axis angle;
step seven, the second detection system 7 measures the irradiance at the focal plane, and the signal acquisition system 8 acquires the measurement result;
step eight, the computer 9 judges whether the measurement result acquired by the signal acquisition system 8 reaches a threshold value, if so, the computer 9 records the measurement result, otherwise, the computer 9 controls the attenuation multiple of the second optical attenuation device to reduce by one grade and returns to the step seven;
step nine, the computer 9 controls the rotating platform 6 to rotate to the next off-axis angle according to the set rule;
step ten, repeating the step seven to the step nine, and calculating the point source transmittance under different off-axis angles by the computer 9 according to the measurement result;
and eleventh, drawing a point source transmittance curve under different off-axis angles, and evaluating the stray light suppression capability of the optical system 11 to be tested according to the curve.
The setting rule in the ninth step is specifically as follows: the rotating platform 6 starts to rotate from the maximum positive off-axis angle, gradually reduces the off-axis angle according to the set step length until the minimum positive off-axis angle is reached, then starts to rotate from the maximum negative off-axis angle, and gradually reduces the off-axis angle according to the set step length until the minimum negative off-axis angle is reached.
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| US11635326B2 (en) | 2019-04-02 | 2023-04-25 | Waymo Llc | Stray-light testing station |
| CN111487040B (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2021-08-03 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method and system for measuring point source transmittance of an optical system |
| CN112697397B (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2022-03-01 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A DMD stray light detection device and detection method |
| CN114236510B (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2023-06-23 | 桂林理工大学 | Depth measurement lidar transmittance stray light test system |
| CN115753017B (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2024-07-12 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method for determining point source stray light of space telescope, optical equipment and medium |
| CN118424660B (en) * | 2024-04-29 | 2025-04-08 | 长光卫星技术股份有限公司 | Spatial camera point source transmittance testing device and method based on reverse light path principle |
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