CN108956961A - Agent on crack resistance of concrete ice water erosion property experimental rig and test method - Google Patents
Agent on crack resistance of concrete ice water erosion property experimental rig and test method Download PDFInfo
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- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 title claims description 56
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 317
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 231
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004590 silicone sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
本发明公开一种混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能试验装置，包括底板，底板上设置有水泵和低温恒温水浴；底板上设置有保温槽体、外槽体、内槽体，保温、外、内槽体依次形成冷却液循环夹层和环形冲蚀水腔，内槽体上开设有过水缺口，过水缺口上覆有第一滤冰网，过水缺口两侧滑动连有水位调整板；环形冲蚀水腔内部设有进水口，内槽体底部设有出水口，出水口与水泵连接，水泵和进水口连接；试块固定支座固定于环形冲蚀水腔的底部；保温盖位于试验槽顶部；两个温度探头分别测量环形冲蚀水腔和水面以上的空气温度，温度显示器与第一温度探头和第二温度探头连接。该试验装置及试验方法，更加真实地模拟寒冷地区江河凌汛环境，准确测试混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能。
The invention discloses a test device for the anti-icing water erosion performance of concrete, which comprises a bottom plate, on which a water pump and a low-temperature constant temperature water bath are arranged; The cooling liquid circulation interlayer and the ring-shaped erosion water chamber are formed in sequence in the body. There is a water gap on the inner tank body, and the first ice filter net is covered on the water gap. There is a water inlet inside the erosion water chamber, and a water outlet at the bottom of the inner tank. The water outlet is connected to the water pump, and the water pump is connected to the water inlet; the test block fixing support is fixed at the bottom of the annular erosion water chamber; the heat preservation cover is located in the test tank The top; two temperature probes respectively measure the temperature of the air above the annular erosion water chamber and the water surface, and the temperature display is connected with the first temperature probe and the second temperature probe. The test device and test method more realistically simulate the ice flood environment of rivers in cold regions, and accurately test the anti-icing water erosion performance of concrete.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及混凝土试验技术领域，特别是涉及一种混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能试验装置及试验方法。The invention relates to the technical field of concrete testing, in particular to a test device and a test method for the anti-icing water erosion performance of concrete.
背景技术Background technique
流凌指的是在河流封冻前，冰块和河水一起流动的现象。我国内蒙古地区的黄河或其他地区的江河在冬季的封河期和春季的开河期都易发生凌汛黄河下游流凌期一般为10天，最短年份只有1天，最长的年份可达60天，河道会出现大量的冰块。冰块随着水流的运动会以一定的速度撞击到水工建筑物，这种动态荷载的不可预知性，势必会影响水工建筑物的安全性，降低水工建筑物的使用寿命。因此为了保证严寒区水利工程的服役性能和使用寿命，需要对混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能进行测试和评估。Flowing refers to the phenomenon that ice blocks and river water flow together before the river freezes. The Yellow River in my country's Inner Mongolia region or rivers in other areas are prone to ice floods during the closure of the river in winter and the opening of the river in spring. Lots of ice cubes will appear. As the ice moves with the water flow, it will hit the hydraulic structure at a certain speed. The unpredictability of this dynamic load will inevitably affect the safety of the hydraulic structure and reduce the service life of the hydraulic structure. Therefore, in order to ensure the service performance and service life of hydraulic projects in severe cold regions, it is necessary to test and evaluate the anti-ice water erosion performance of concrete.
现阶段针对混凝土抗冰水冲蚀试验装置，由于缺少统一的试验标准，许多研究学者采用自制的混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能的试验机，对试样的形状、尺寸不统一，缺少可比性；第二，模拟了冰水与混凝土试块撞击的过程，但忽略了温度对试验过程的影响，难以保证冰水的可控性；第三，现阶段的试验装置只是模拟了河道的不同紊流流速的冰水冲蚀，忽略了副流流速，没有全面模拟河流的冰水速率；第四，试验操作复杂，试样体积要求过大，室内试验不易制作和安装，并且耗时长，成本高。At the present stage, due to the lack of unified test standards for concrete ice water erosion test equipment, many researchers use self-made concrete ice water erosion resistance test machines, which lack uniformity in the shape and size of the samples and lack of comparability; Second, the impact process of ice water and concrete test blocks is simulated, but the influence of temperature on the test process is ignored, so it is difficult to ensure the controllability of ice water; third, the current test device only simulates different turbulence in the river The ice water erosion of the flow rate ignores the side flow velocity, and does not fully simulate the ice water rate of the river; fourth, the test operation is complicated, the sample volume is too large, the indoor test is not easy to make and install, and it takes a long time and costs high.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能试验装置及试验方法，以解决上述现有技术存在的问题，更加真实地模拟寒冷地区江河凌汛环境，对混凝土进行高速流动冰水冲蚀试验，准确测试混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a concrete ice water erosion resistance test device and test method, to solve the problems in the prior art above, more realistically simulate the ice flood environment of rivers and rivers in cold regions, and perform high-speed flow ice water erosion on concrete Test to accurately test the anti-icing water erosion performance of concrete.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme:
本发明提供一种混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能试验装置，包括底板、试验槽、试块固定支座、保温盖和温度测量器，所述底板上设置有水泵和低温恒温水浴；所述试验槽包括保温槽体、外槽体和内槽体，所述保温槽体、所述外槽体和所述内槽体均固定设置于所述底板上，所述外槽体套设置于所述保温槽体内，所述内槽体套设于所述外槽体内，所诉保温槽体和所述外槽体之间形成冷却液循环夹层，所述外槽体和所述内槽体之间形成环形冲蚀水腔，所述内槽体侧壁上开设有过水缺口，所述过水缺口上覆有第一滤冰网，所述过水缺口两侧的所述内槽体侧壁上密封滑动连接有一水位调整板，调整所述水位调整板的高度能够调节所述环形冲蚀水腔内的水位高度；所述外槽体上设有进水口，所述内槽体底部设有出水口，所述出水口上覆有第二滤冰网，所述出水口通过第一管路与所述水泵连接，所述水泵和所述进水口通过第二管路连接，所述低温恒温水浴通过第三管路与所述冷却液循环夹层连接；所述试块固定支座固定设置于所述环形冲蚀水腔的底部并用于固定混凝土试块；所述保温盖设置于所述试验槽顶部并能够封闭所述试验槽；所述温度测量器包括第一温度探头、第二温度探头和温度显示器，所述第一温度探头用于测量所述环形冲蚀水腔内的水温，所述第二温度探头用于测量水面以上的空气温度，所述温度显示器与所述第一温度探头和所述第二温度探头连接并用于显示所述第一温度探头和所述第二温度探头所测量的温度。The invention provides a concrete ice water erosion resistance test device, comprising a base plate, a test tank, a fixed support for a test block, a thermal insulation cover and a temperature measuring device, the base plate is provided with a water pump and a low-temperature constant temperature water bath; the test tank It includes a thermal insulation tank body, an outer tank body and an inner tank body. The thermal insulation tank body, the outer tank body and the inner tank body are all fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, and the outer tank body cover is arranged on the thermal insulation tank body. In the tank body, the inner tank body is sheathed in the outer tank body, a coolant circulation interlayer is formed between the heat preservation tank body and the outer tank body, and a cooling liquid circulation interlayer is formed between the outer tank body and the inner tank body. An annular erosion water cavity, a water gap is opened on the side wall of the inner tank body, and the first ice filter net is covered on the water gap, and the side walls of the inner tank body on both sides of the water gap are There is a water level adjustment plate in the sealing and sliding connection, adjusting the height of the water level adjustment plate can adjust the water level in the annular erosion water chamber; the outer tank is provided with a water inlet, and the bottom of the inner tank is provided with an outlet. A water outlet, the water outlet is covered with a second ice filter net, the water outlet is connected to the water pump through a first pipeline, the water pump is connected to the water inlet through a second pipeline, and the low temperature and constant temperature water bath The third pipeline is connected to the cooling liquid circulation interlayer; the test block fixing support is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the annular erosion water chamber and is used to fix the concrete test block; the heat preservation cover is arranged on the test tank The top and can close the test tank; the temperature measuring device includes a first temperature probe, a second temperature probe and a temperature display, the first temperature probe is used to measure the water temperature in the annular erosion water chamber, the The second temperature probe is used to measure the air temperature above the water surface, and the temperature display is connected with the first temperature probe and the second temperature probe and used to display the measurements of the first temperature probe and the second temperature probe temperature.
优选的，所述外槽体的侧壁上设置有一放水管，所述放水管与所述环形冲蚀水腔内部连通，所述放水管上设置有放水阀门。Preferably, a water discharge pipe is provided on the side wall of the outer tank, the water discharge pipe communicates with the interior of the annular erosion water chamber, and a water discharge valve is provided on the water discharge pipe.
优选的，所述保温槽体、所述外槽体和所述内槽体均为腰型槽体，从而使所述环形冲蚀水腔包括依次首尾相接的第一矩形腔体、第一环形腔体、第二矩形腔体和第二环形腔体，所述过水缺口设置于所述第二环形腔体的所述内槽体侧壁上，所述试块固定支座包括紊流试块固定支座和副流试块固定支座，所述第一矩形腔体和所述第二矩形腔体的底部均设置有多个所述紊流试块固定支座，所述第一环形腔体的底部设置有一个所述副流试块固定支座，所述第一环形腔体和所述第二环形腔体的所述外槽体侧壁上均设置有一个所述进水口，各所述进水口均通过一个第二管路与一个所述水泵连接；所述第二环形腔体上的进水口与所述第一矩形腔体内的所述紊流试块固定支座共线设置，所述第一环形腔体上的进水口与所述第二矩形腔体内的所述紊流试块固定支座共线设置。Preferably, the heat preservation tank, the outer tank and the inner tank are all waist-shaped tanks, so that the annular erosion water chamber includes a first rectangular cavity, a first An annular cavity, a second rectangular cavity, and a second annular cavity, the water gap is arranged on the side wall of the inner tank of the second annular cavity, and the test block fixing support includes turbulent flow Test block fixed support and secondary flow test block fixed support, the bottom of the first rectangular cavity and the second rectangular cavity are provided with a plurality of turbulent flow test block fixed supports, the first The bottom of the annular cavity is provided with a fixed support for the secondary flow test block, and the side walls of the outer tank of the first annular cavity and the second annular cavity are each provided with a water inlet , each of the water inlets is connected to one of the water pumps through a second pipeline; the water inlet on the second annular cavity is in common with the fixed support of the turbulence test block in the first rectangular cavity. The water inlet on the first annular cavity is arranged in line with the fixed support of the turbulence test block in the second rectangular cavity.
优选的，所述底板上开设有多个吊装孔，所述底板上安装有多个滚轮，所述保温槽体为钢槽体，所述保温槽体外侧壁上覆有硅酸铝陶瓷纤维保温棉毡层。Preferably, a plurality of hoisting holes are opened on the base plate, a plurality of rollers are installed on the base plate, the heat preservation tank body is a steel tank body, and the outer wall of the heat preservation tank body is covered with aluminum silicate ceramic fiber insulation Cotton felt layer.
优选的，所述保温盖包括中轴、半长圆环外围盖和半长圆形保温透视窗，所述半长圆环外围盖和所述半长圆形保温透视窗均设置有两个，所述中轴的两端固定连接于所述保温槽体的侧壁上，两个所述半长圆环外围盖均通过合页连接于所述中轴上，每个所述半长圆环外围盖内均固定连接有一个所述半长圆形保温透视窗，且所述半长圆环外围盖能够带动所述半长圆形保温透视窗绕所述中轴转动。Preferably, the heat preservation cover includes a central axis, a semi-long circular peripheral cover and a semi-oblong thermal insulation see-through window, and two of the semi-long circular peripheral cover and the semi-oblong thermal thermal insulation perspective The two ends of the central axis are fixedly connected to the side walls of the heat preservation tank, and the peripheral covers of the two semi-long rings are connected to the central shaft through hinges, and each of the semi-long circular rings One of the semi-oblong thermal insulation see-through windows is fixedly connected to the peripheral cover, and the semi-long circular peripheral cover can drive the semi-oblong thermal insulation perspective window to rotate around the central axis.
优选的，所述内槽体侧壁上在所述过水缺口的两侧各设置有一个滑动槽体，两所述滑动槽体之间设置有所述水位调整板，所述水位调整板通过所述滑动槽体密封滑动连接于所述过水缺口的两侧的所述内槽体侧壁上。Preferably, a sliding groove is provided on the side wall of the inner groove on both sides of the water gap, and the water level adjusting plate is arranged between the two sliding grooves, and the water level adjusting plate passes through The sliding groove body is sealingly and slidingly connected to the side walls of the inner groove body on both sides of the water passage gap.
优选的，所述滑动槽体竖直设置，所述滑动槽体包括第一竖板和第二竖板，所述第一竖板一侧与所述内槽体的内侧壁连接，所述第一竖板的另一侧与所述第二竖板连接，所述第二竖板与所述第一竖板呈锐角夹角，所述水位调整板被所述第二竖板压紧并紧密贴合于所述内槽体的内侧壁上。Preferably, the sliding trough is arranged vertically, the sliding trough includes a first vertical plate and a second vertical plate, one side of the first vertical plate is connected to the inner side wall of the inner trough, and the first vertical plate The other side of a vertical plate is connected to the second vertical plate, the second vertical plate forms an acute angle with the first vertical plate, and the water level adjustment plate is pressed and tightly pressed by the second vertical plate Attached to the inner side wall of the inner tank body.
优选的，每个所述半长圆环外围盖上表面上均固定连接有一把手，所述第一温度探头设置于所述外槽体的内壁下端，所述第二温度探头设置于所述外槽体的内壁上端。Preferably, a handle is fixedly connected to the upper surface of each half-length ring peripheral cover, the first temperature probe is set at the lower end of the inner wall of the outer tank, and the second temperature probe is set at the outer The upper end of the inner wall of the tank body.
优选的，各所述试块固定支座均包括固定底座和两个固定角钢支撑，各所述固定角钢支撑均固定连接于所述固定底座上，所述固定底座固定连接于所述环形冲蚀水腔的底部，一个所述固定角钢支撑上穿设有一螺母，所述螺母内螺纹连接有一顶压螺栓。Preferably, each of the test block fixed supports includes a fixed base and two fixed angle steel supports, each of the fixed angle steel supports is fixedly connected to the fixed base, and the fixed base is fixedly connected to the annular erosion At the bottom of the water cavity, a nut is pierced on one of the fixed angle steel supports, and the inner thread of the nut is connected with a pressing bolt.
本发明还提供一种应用如上所述的试验装置测试混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能的试验方法，包括以下步骤：The present invention also provides a kind of test method using the above-mentioned test device to test the anti-ice water erosion performance of concrete, comprising the following steps:
步骤一：对混凝土试块进行冻融试验：将养护后的混凝土试块放入水中浸泡4天并使水浸透混凝土试块，将混凝土试块取出后，进行外观观察，擦除混凝土试块表面水分称重记录混凝土试块质量M1，并测定混凝土试块动弹性模量f1，对混凝土试块进行超景深三维扫描得到图像T1，对混凝土试块进行冻融；Step 1: Freeze-thaw test on the concrete test block: soak the cured concrete test block in water for 4 days and soak the concrete test block with water, take out the concrete test block, observe the appearance, and wipe the surface of the concrete test block Moisture weighing records the mass M 1 of the concrete test block, and measures the dynamic elastic modulus f 1 of the concrete test block, conducts ultra-depth three-dimensional scanning of the concrete test block to obtain an image T 1 , and freezes and thaws the concrete test block;
步骤二：将混凝土试块固定于所述试块固定支座上，将所述水位调整挡板移动至需要的高度，向所述环形冲蚀水腔中注水，直至水位高过所述水位调整挡板，水经所述第一滤冰网过滤后流入所述内槽体内；Step 2: Fix the concrete test block on the fixed support of the test block, move the water level adjustment baffle to the required height, and inject water into the annular erosion water chamber until the water level is higher than the water level adjustment The baffle, the water flows into the inner tank after being filtered by the first ice filter;
步骤三，启动所述水泵和所述低温恒温水浴，向所述冷却液循环夹层内通入冷却液，使用所述低温恒温水浴对冷却液持续制冷以使所述环形冲蚀水腔中的水保持稳定的低温状态；所述内槽体内的水由所述第二滤冰网过滤后依次经所述出水口、所述第一管道、所述水泵、所述第二管道、所述进水口流入至所述环形冲蚀水腔内形成循环水流；Step 3: Start the water pump and the low-temperature constant-temperature water bath, pass cooling liquid into the cooling liquid circulation interlayer, and use the low-temperature constant-temperature water bath to continuously cool the cooling liquid so that the water in the annular water chamber is eroded Maintain a stable low temperature state; the water in the inner tank is filtered by the second ice filter and then passes through the water outlet, the first pipeline, the water pump, the second pipeline, and the water inlet Flow into the annular erosion water cavity to form a circulating water flow;
步骤四：闭合所述保温盖，待水流匀速后，通过所述第一温度探头测量所述环形冲蚀水腔内的水温，通过所述第二温度探头测量水面上的空气温度，待所述环形冲蚀水腔内的水温以及水面上的空气温度达到试验要求的温度后，打开所述保温盖，向所述环形冲蚀水腔内加入预先制好的冰块后关闭所述保温盖，冰块随水流流动，冲蚀混凝土试块；Step 4: Close the heat preservation cover, and after the water flows at a constant speed, measure the water temperature in the annular erosion water chamber through the first temperature probe, measure the air temperature on the water surface through the second temperature probe, and wait until the After the water temperature in the annular erosion water chamber and the air temperature on the water surface reach the temperature required by the test, open the heat preservation cover, add pre-made ice cubes into the annular erosion water chamber, and then close the heat preservation cover. The ice cubes flow with the water flow and erode the concrete test block;
步骤五：达到冲蚀时间后，关闭所述水泵和所述制冷机，结束试验，取出混凝土试块，擦除混凝土试块表面水分称重记录重量M2，并测定混凝土试块的动弹性模量f2，对混凝土试块再次进行超景深三维扫描得到图像T2；Step 5: After the erosion time is reached, turn off the water pump and the refrigerator, end the test, take out the concrete test block, wipe off the surface moisture of the concrete test block, weigh and record the weight M2 , and measure the dynamic elastic modulus of the concrete test block measure f 2 , perform super depth-of-field three-dimensional scanning on the concrete test block again to obtain image T 2 ;
步骤六：试验数据处理：质量损失率△W＝(M1－M2)/M1×100％，相对动弹性模量P＝f2 2/f1 2×100％，根据相对动弹性模量P分析试块损伤情况，对比冲蚀试验前后的超景深图像T1和T2，观察外部损伤情况，质量损失率△W越小、相对动弹性模量P越小，外部损伤越小的混凝土试块抗冰水冲蚀的性能越好。Step 6: Test data processing: mass loss rate △W=(M 1 -M 2 )/M 1 ×100%, relative dynamic elastic modulus P=f 2 2 /f 1 2 ×100%, according to relative dynamic elastic modulus Analyze the damage of the test block by measuring P, compare the ultra-depth-of-field images T 1 and T 2 before and after the erosion test, and observe the external damage. The smaller the mass loss rate △W, the smaller the relative dynamic elastic modulus P, the smaller the external damage The better the performance of the concrete test block against ice water erosion.
本发明相对于现有技术取得了以下技术效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:
本发明中的混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能试验装置，外槽体侧壁的高度大于内槽体侧壁的高度，外槽体侧壁的高度大于混凝土试块的高度，将混凝土试块固定于环形冲蚀水腔内，并且由出水口、第一管道、水泵、第二管道和进水口使环形冲蚀水腔内的水流循环流动，通过调节水泵的扬程能够调节环形冲蚀水腔内的水流流速，即调节冲蚀混凝土试块的水流流速，通过调节低温恒温水浴的制冷温度能够调节冲蚀混凝土试块的水流的温度，而且通过第一温度探头和第二温度探头可同时保证冲蚀的水流的温度以及水面以上的大气的温度与模拟地区的温度的一致，更加真实地还原了模拟地区凌汛时的温度；试验时，使水面高度低于混凝土试块的高度，能够保证冰块有效冲击作用于混凝土试块上，将混凝土试块固定，带有冰块的水流可维持稳定的速度冲蚀混凝土试块，水流速不受时间的影响，冲蚀混凝土试件的水流流速控制精度高，更加符合真实条件下冰水冲蚀试块的情况。本发明中的混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能试验装置能够定量的测试不同冰水含量、不同冲蚀速率、不同温度下的冰水冲蚀试验，该试验装置参数可控性强，精度高，试验效率高，节省劳动力，降低试验人员的劳动强度，同时减少试验场地的限制，便于室内进行试验，从而能够更加真实地模拟寒冷地区江河凌汛环境，对混凝土进行高速流动冰水冲蚀试验，准确测试混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能。由于冰冻也会对混凝土造成伤害，本发明中的混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能试验方法，对混凝土试块进行冻融试验后再对混凝土试块进行冰水冲蚀，更加真实地模拟现实环境，提高了测试结果的准确度；冻融试验的温度、循环次数和时间可以根据模拟地区的气候进行相应设置。第一滤冰网和第二滤冰网能够保证冰块不会随水流循环进入水泵损坏设备。Concrete anti-ice water erosion performance test device among the present invention, the height of the side wall of outer tank body is greater than the height of side wall of inner tank body, the height of side wall of outer tank body is greater than the height of concrete test block, concrete test block is fixed on In the annular erosion water cavity, and the water flow in the annular erosion water cavity is circulated by the water outlet, the first pipeline, the water pump, the second pipeline and the water inlet, and the water flow in the annular erosion water cavity can be adjusted by adjusting the head of the water pump. Water flow rate, that is, to adjust the water flow rate of the eroded concrete test block. By adjusting the cooling temperature of the low-temperature constant temperature water bath, the temperature of the water flow of the eroded concrete test block can be adjusted, and the erosion rate can be guaranteed at the same time through the first temperature probe and the second temperature probe. The temperature of the water flow and the temperature of the atmosphere above the water surface are consistent with the temperature of the simulated area, which more realistically restores the temperature of the ice flood in the simulated area; during the test, the height of the water surface is lower than the height of the concrete test block, which can ensure that the ice block is effective. The impact acts on the concrete test block, and the concrete test block is fixed. The water flow with ice cubes can maintain a stable speed to erode the concrete test block. The water flow rate is not affected by time, and the water flow rate control accuracy of the eroded concrete test piece is high. , which is more in line with the situation of ice water erosion test blocks under real conditions. The concrete ice water erosion resistance performance test device in the present invention can quantitatively test the ice water erosion tests under different ice water contents, different erosion rates, and different temperatures. It has high efficiency, saves labor, reduces the labor intensity of the test personnel, and at the same time reduces the limitation of the test site, which is convenient for indoor tests, so that it can more realistically simulate the ice flood environment of rivers in cold areas, and conduct high-speed ice water erosion tests on concrete to accurately test Concrete resistance to ice and water erosion. Because freezing can also cause damage to concrete, the concrete test method for anti-icing water erosion performance in the present invention carries out freezing-thawing test to concrete test block and then carries out ice-water erosion to concrete test block, more realistically simulates the real environment, The accuracy of the test results is improved; the temperature, cycle times and time of the freeze-thaw test can be set according to the climate of the simulated area. The first ice filter net and the second ice filter net can ensure that the ice cubes will not circulate into the water pump with the water flow and damage the equipment.
进一步的，本发明提供的评价混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能的试验装置及试验方法，为凌汛期间混凝土在实际工程破坏程度提供了有效的数据支持。通过低温恒温水浴和冷却液循环夹层可以模拟凌汛期间冰水维持在0℃的冲侵时长；环形冲蚀水腔包括依次首尾相接的第一矩形腔体、第一环形腔体、第二矩形腔体和第二环形腔体，第一矩形腔体和第二矩形腔体内的紊流试块固定支座用于测试紊流对混凝土的冰水冲蚀损伤，第一环形腔体和第二环形腔体内的副流试块固定支座用于测试副流对混凝土的冰水冲蚀损伤，可以更加全面的模拟河道中的紊流和副流，更加接近实际工程的抗冰水冲蚀性能；本发明简单合理，便于生成和操作，能够进行模拟不同类型的流速进行冰水冲蚀试验。Furthermore, the test device and test method for evaluating the anti-icing water erosion performance of concrete provided by the present invention provide effective data support for the degree of concrete damage in actual engineering during ice floods. Through the low temperature and constant temperature water bath and the cooling liquid circulation interlayer, the erosion time of ice water maintained at 0°C during the ice flood period can be simulated; the annular erosion water chamber includes the first rectangular cavity, the first annular cavity, and the second rectangular cavity connected end to end. The cavity and the second annular cavity, the turbulent flow test block fixed support in the first rectangular cavity and the second rectangular cavity are used to test the ice water erosion damage of concrete caused by turbulent flow, the first annular cavity and the second rectangular cavity The auxiliary flow test block fixed support in the annular cavity is used to test the ice water erosion damage of the concrete by the auxiliary flow, which can more comprehensively simulate the turbulent flow and auxiliary flow in the river channel, and is closer to the ice water erosion resistance performance of the actual project The present invention is simple and reasonable, easy to generate and operate, and can simulate different types of flow rates for ice water erosion tests.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. Embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为本发明提供的混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能试验装置的轴测图；Fig. 1 is the axonometric view of concrete anti-ice water erosion performance test device provided by the invention;
图2为本发明提供的混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能试验装置的俯视图；Fig. 2 is the plan view of concrete anti-ice water erosion performance test device provided by the present invention;
图3为本发明提供的混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能试验装置的底部的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the bottom of the concrete anti-ice water erosion performance test device provided by the invention;
图4为本发明提供的混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能试验装置的水位调整挡板的结构示意图；Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the water level adjustment baffle of the concrete anti-ice water erosion performance test device provided by the present invention;
图5为本发明提供的混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能试验装置的试件固定支座的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the test piece fixing support of the concrete ice water erosion resistance performance test device provided by the present invention.
图中：1-保温层；2-半长圆环外围盖；3-把手；4-半长圆形保温透视窗；5-中轴；6-温度显示器；7-放水管；8-放水管阀门；9-底板；10-水泵；11-低温恒温水浴；12-滚轮；13-吊装孔；14-保温盖；15-第二温度探头；16-进水口；17-过水缺口；18-第一滤冰网；19-水位调整挡板；20-出水口；21-第二滤冰网；22-内槽体；23-外槽体；24-试块固定支座；25-放水口；26-冷却液循环夹层；27-环形冲蚀水腔；28-滑动槽体；29-固定角钢支撑；30-螺母；31-顶压螺栓；32-第一管路；33-第二管路；34-第三管路；35-固定底座；36-混凝土试块；37-保温槽体；38-第一矩形腔体；39-第一环形腔体；40-第二矩形腔体；41-第二环形腔体。In the figure: 1-insulation layer; 2-peripheral cover of semi-long circular ring; 3-handle; 4-semi-long circular thermal insulation perspective window; 5-central axis; 6-temperature display; Valve; 9-bottom plate; 10-water pump; 11-low temperature constant temperature water bath; 12-roller; 13-hoisting hole; 14-insulation cover; 15-second temperature probe; 16-water inlet; The first ice filter; 19-water level adjustment baffle; 20-water outlet; 21-second ice filter; 22-inner tank; 23-outer tank; 24-test block fixed support; 25-water outlet ;26-Coolant circulating interlayer; 27-Annular erosion water cavity; 28-Sliding tank body; 29-Fixed angle steel support; 30-Nut; 34-the third pipeline; 35-fixed base; 36-concrete test block; 37-insulation tank; 38-the first rectangular cavity; 39-the first annular cavity; 40-the second rectangular cavity; 41 - the second annular cavity.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明的目的是提供一种混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能试验装置及试验方法，以解决上述现有技术存在的问题，更加真实地模拟寒冷地区江河凌汛环境，对混凝土进行高速流动冰水冲蚀试验，准确测试混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a concrete ice water erosion resistance test device and test method, to solve the problems in the prior art above, more realistically simulate the ice flood environment of rivers and rivers in cold regions, and perform high-speed flow ice water erosion on concrete Test to accurately test the anti-icing water erosion performance of concrete.
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
本发明提供一种混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能试验装置，于本发明一具体的实施例中，如图1～3所示，该混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能试验装置包括底板9、试验槽、试块固定支座24、保温盖14和温度测量器，底板9上设置有水泵10和低温恒温水浴11；试验槽包括保温槽体37、外槽体23和内槽体22，保温槽体37、外槽体23和内槽体22均固定设置于底板9上，外槽体23套设置于保温槽体37内，内槽体22设置于外槽体23内部，保温槽体37和外槽体23之间形成冷却液循环夹层26，外槽体23和内槽体22之间形成环形冲蚀水腔27，内槽体22侧壁上开设有过水缺口17，过水缺口17上覆有第一滤冰网18，过水缺口17两侧的内槽体22侧壁上密封滑动连接有一水位调整板19，调整水位调整板19的高度能够调节环形冲蚀水腔27内的水位高度；外槽体23侧壁上设有进水口16，内槽体22底部设有出水口20，出水口20上覆有第二滤冰网21，出水口20通过第一管路32与水泵10连接，水泵10和进水口16通过第二管路33连接，低温恒温水浴11通过第三管路34与冷却液循环夹层26连接，试块固定支座24固定设置于环形冲蚀水腔27的底部并用于固定混凝土试块36；保温盖14设置于试验槽顶部并能够封闭试验槽；温度测量器包括第一温度探头、第二温度探头15和温度显示器6，温度显示器6为数显电子温度计，第一温度探头用于测量环形冲蚀水腔27内的水温，第二温度探头15用于测量水面以上的空气温度，温度显示器6与第一温度探头和第二温度探头15连接并能够同时显示第一温度探头和第二温度探头15所测量的温度。The present invention provides a concrete ice water erosion resistance test device. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, the concrete ice water erosion resistance test device includes a bottom plate 9, a test tank, Test block fixed support 24, heat preservation cover 14 and temperature measurer, are provided with water pump 10 and low temperature constant temperature water bath 11 on the base plate 9; , the outer tank body 23 and the inner tank body 22 are all fixedly arranged on the base plate 9, the outer tank body 23 sets are arranged in the thermal insulation tank body 37, the inner tank body 22 is arranged in the outer tank body 23 inside, the thermal insulation tank body 37 and the outer tank body A cooling liquid circulation interlayer 26 is formed between the body 23, an annular erosion water cavity 27 is formed between the outer tank body 23 and the inner tank body 22, and a water gap 17 is opened on the side wall of the inner tank body 22, and the water gap 17 is covered There is a first ice filter net 18, and a water level adjustment plate 19 is sealed and slidably connected to the side walls of the inner tank body 22 on both sides of the water passage gap 17. Adjusting the height of the water level adjustment plate 19 can adjust the water level in the annular erosion water chamber 27 The outer tank body 23 side walls are provided with a water inlet 16, and the bottom of the inner tank body 22 is provided with a water outlet 20, and the water outlet 20 is covered with a second ice filter screen 21, and the water outlet 20 passes through the first pipeline 32 and the water pump 10 connection, the water pump 10 and the water inlet 16 are connected through the second pipeline 33, the low-temperature and constant temperature water bath 11 is connected with the cooling liquid circulation interlayer 26 through the third pipeline 34, and the test block fixing support 24 is fixedly arranged in the ring-shaped erosion water chamber 27. The bottom is also used to fix the concrete test block 36; the insulation cover 14 is arranged on the top of the test tank and can seal the test tank; the temperature measuring device includes a first temperature probe, a second temperature probe 15 and a temperature display 6, and the temperature display 6 is a digital display electronic thermometer , the first temperature probe is used to measure the water temperature in the annular erosion water cavity 27, the second temperature probe 15 is used to measure the air temperature above the water surface, and the temperature display 6 is connected with the first temperature probe and the second temperature probe 15 and can simultaneously The temperatures measured by the first temperature probe and the second temperature probe 15 are displayed.
使用上述实施例中的混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能试验装置测试混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能的试验方法，包括以下步骤：Use the concrete ice water erosion resistance performance test device in the above-mentioned embodiment to test the test method of concrete ice water erosion resistance performance, may further comprise the steps:
步骤一：对混凝土试块36进行冻融试验：混凝土试块28在24天龄期后放入15-20度的水中浸泡4天后取出，用湿布擦除混凝土试块28表面水分称重记录混凝土试块28质量M1，并测定混凝土试块36动弹性模量f1，对混凝土试块36进行超景深三维扫描得到图像T1，然后对混凝土试块36进行冻融；Step 1: Carry out freeze-thaw test on concrete test block 36: concrete test block 28 is soaked in 15-20 degree water for 4 days after 24 days of age, take it out, wipe the surface moisture of concrete test block 28 with a damp cloth, weigh and record the concrete The mass of the test block 28 is M 1 , and the dynamic elastic modulus f 1 of the concrete test block 36 is measured, the super depth-of-field three-dimensional scanning is performed on the concrete test block 36 to obtain an image T 1 , and then the concrete test block 36 is frozen and thawed;
步骤二：冻融试验完毕后，将混凝土试块36固定于试块固定支座24上，将水位调整挡板19移动至需要的高度，向环形冲蚀水腔27中注水，直至水位高过水位调整挡板19，水经第一滤冰网18过滤后流入内槽体22内；Step 2: After the freeze-thaw test is completed, fix the concrete test block 36 on the test block fixed support 24, move the water level adjustment baffle 19 to the required height, and inject water into the annular erosion water chamber 27 until the water level is higher than Water level adjustment baffle 19, water flows in the inner tank body 22 after being filtered by the first ice filter screen 18;
步骤三，启动水泵10和低温恒温水浴11，向冷却液循环夹层26内通入冷却液，使用低温恒温水浴11对冷却液持续制冷以使环形冲蚀水腔27中的水保持稳定的低温状态；内槽体22内的水由第二滤冰网21过滤后依次经所属出水口20、第一管道32、水泵10、第二管道33和进水口16流入至环形冲蚀水腔27内形成循环水流；冷却液循环夹层26内的冷却液通过第三管路34连接低温恒温水浴11循环流动制冷。Step 3: Start the water pump 10 and the low-temperature and constant-temperature water bath 11, pass the cooling liquid into the cooling liquid circulation interlayer 26, and use the low-temperature and constant-temperature water bath 11 to continuously cool the cooling liquid so that the water in the annular erosion water chamber 27 maintains a stable low temperature state The water in the inner tank body 22 is filtered by the second ice filter screen 21 and then flows into the ring-shaped erosion water chamber 27 through the water outlet 20, the first pipeline 32, the water pump 10, the second pipeline 33 and the water inlet 16 to form Circulating water flow; cooling liquid circulation The cooling liquid in the interlayer 26 is connected to the low-temperature constant temperature water bath 11 through the third pipeline 34 to circulate and cool.
步骤四：闭合保温盖14，待水流匀速后，通过第一温度探头测量环形冲蚀水腔27内的水温，通过第二温度探头15测量水面上的空气温度，待环形冲蚀水腔27内的水温以及水面上的空气温度达到试验要求的温度后，打开保温盖14，向环形冲蚀水腔27内加入预先制好的冰块后关闭保温盖14，冰块随水流流动，冲蚀混凝土试块36；Step 4: Close the heat preservation cover 14, and after the water flow is uniform, measure the water temperature in the annular erosion water chamber 27 through the first temperature probe, and measure the air temperature on the water surface through the second temperature probe 15, and wait until the annular erosion water chamber 27 After the water temperature and the air temperature on the water surface reach the temperature required by the test, open the heat preservation cover 14, add pre-made ice cubes in the annular erosion water chamber 27, and then close the heat preservation cover 14. The ice cubes flow with the water flow and erode the concrete. Test block 36;
步骤五：达到冲蚀时间后，关闭水泵10和低温恒温水浴11，结束冲蚀试验，取出混凝土试块36，用湿布擦除混凝土试块36表面水分称重记录混凝土试块36重量M2，并测定混凝土试块28的动弹性模量f2，对混凝土试块36再次进行超景深三维扫描得到图像T2；Step 5: After the erosion time is reached, turn off the water pump 10 and the low temperature and constant temperature water bath 11, end the erosion test, take out the concrete test block 36, wipe off the surface moisture of the concrete test block 36 with a damp cloth, weigh and record the weight M 2 of the concrete test block 36, And measure the dynamic elastic modulus f 2 of the concrete test block 28, and perform the ultra-depth three-dimensional scanning on the concrete test block 36 again to obtain the image T 2 ;
步骤六：试验数据处理：质量损失率△W＝(M1－M2)/M1×100％，相对动弹性模量P＝f2 2/f1 2×100％，根据相对动弹性模量P分析试块损伤情况，对比冲蚀试验前后的超景深图像T1和T2，观察外部损伤情况，质量损失率△W越小、相对动弹性模量P越小，外部损伤越小的混凝土试块36抗冰水冲蚀的性能越好。Step 6: Test data processing: mass loss rate △W=(M 1 -M 2 )/M 1 ×100%, relative dynamic elastic modulus P=f 2 2 /f 1 2 ×100%, according to relative dynamic elastic modulus Measure the damage of the test block by measuring P, compare the ultra-depth-of-field images T 1 and T 2 before and after the erosion test, and observe the external damage. The smaller the mass loss rate △W, the smaller the relative dynamic elastic modulus P, the smaller the external damage The performance of concrete test block 36 to resist ice water erosion is better.
本发明中的混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能试验装置，水泵10采用变频水泵，可以改变冲刷速率，进行不同冲刷速率下的冰水冲蚀实验；低温恒温水浴11可以调整制冷温度并保持恒温，最低可以将冷却液循环夹层26内的冷却液温度降到零下30度，为在环形冲蚀水槽内进行的不同温度下的冰水冲蚀试验提供了温度保障。外槽体23侧壁的高度大于内槽体22侧壁的高度，外槽体23侧壁的高度大于混凝土试块36的高度，将混凝土试块36固定于环形冲蚀水腔27内，并且由出水口20、第一管道32、水泵10、第二管道33和进水口16使环形冲蚀水腔27内的水流循环流动，通过调节水泵10的扬程能够调节环形冲蚀水腔27内的水流流速，即调节冲蚀混凝土试块36的水流流速，通过调节低温恒温水浴11的制冷温度能够调节冲蚀混凝土试块36的水流的温度，而且通过第一温度探头和第二温度探头15可同时保证冲蚀的水流的温度以及水面以上的大气的温度与模拟地区的温度的一致，更加真实地还原了模拟地区凌汛时的温度；试验时，使水面高度低于混凝土试块36的高度，能够保证冰块有效冲击作用于混凝土试块36上，将混凝土试块36固定，带有冰块的水流可维持稳定的速度冲蚀混凝土试块36，水流速不受时间的影响，冲蚀混凝土试件的水流流速控制精度高，更加符合真实条件下冰水冲蚀试块的情况。本发明中的混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能试验装置能够定量的测试不同冰水含量、不同冲蚀速率、不同温度下的冰水冲蚀试验，该试验装置参数可控性强，精度高，试验效率高，节省劳动力，降低试验人员的劳动强度，同时减少试验场地的限制，便于室内进行试验，从而能够更加真实地模拟寒冷地区江河凌汛环境，对混凝土进行高速流动冰水冲蚀试验，准确测试混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能。由于冰冻也会对混凝土造成伤害，本发明中的混凝土抗冰水冲蚀性能试验方法，对混凝土试块36进行冻融试验后再对混凝土试块36进行冰水冲蚀，更加真实地模拟现实环境，提高了测试结果的准确度；冻融试验的温度、循环次数和时间可以根据模拟地区的气候进行相应设置。第一滤冰网18和第二滤冰网21能够保证冰块不会随水流循环进入水泵10损坏设备。本发明利用100mm*100mm*100mm和100mm*100mm*400mm标准试件进行试验，可与其它性能测试试验对比测评。Concrete anti-icing water erosion performance test device among the present invention, water pump 10 adopts frequency conversion water pump, can change scouring rate, carry out the icing water erosion test under different scouring rates; The cooling liquid temperature in the cooling liquid circulation interlayer 26 can be reduced to minus 30 degrees, which provides a temperature guarantee for the ice water erosion tests at different temperatures in the annular erosion water tank. The height of the side wall of the outer tank body 23 is greater than the height of the side wall of the inner tank body 22, the height of the side wall of the outer tank body 23 is greater than the height of the concrete test block 36, the concrete test block 36 is fixed in the annular erosion water chamber 27, and The water flow in the annular erosion water cavity 27 is circulated by the water outlet 20, the first pipeline 32, the water pump 10, the second pipeline 33 and the water inlet 16, and the water flow in the annular erosion water cavity 27 can be adjusted by adjusting the head of the water pump 10. The flow rate of the water flow, that is, the water flow rate of the eroded concrete test block 36 is adjusted, the temperature of the water flow of the eroded concrete test block 36 can be adjusted by adjusting the cooling temperature of the low-temperature constant temperature water bath 11, and the temperature of the water flow of the eroded concrete test block 36 can be adjusted by the first temperature probe and the second temperature probe 15 Simultaneously ensure that the temperature of the water flow of erosion and the temperature of the atmosphere above the water surface are consistent with the temperature in the simulated area, which more truly restores the temperature in the simulated area during floods; during the test, the height of the water surface is lower than the height of the concrete test block 36, It can ensure that the ice cube effectively impacts on the concrete test block 36, and the concrete test block 36 is fixed, and the water flow with ice cubes can maintain a stable speed to erode the concrete test block 36. The water flow rate is not affected by time, and the concrete is eroded The control accuracy of the water flow rate of the test piece is high, which is more in line with the situation of ice water erosion test block under real conditions. The concrete ice water erosion resistance test device in the present invention can quantitatively test the ice water erosion test under different ice water contents, different erosion rates, and different temperatures. It has high efficiency, saves labor, reduces the labor intensity of the test personnel, and at the same time reduces the limitation of the test site, which is convenient for indoor tests, so that it can more realistically simulate the ice flood environment of rivers in cold areas, and conduct high-speed flow ice water erosion tests on concrete to accurately test Concrete resistance to ice and water erosion. Because freezing also can cause damage to concrete, the concrete test method for anti-icing water erosion performance among the present invention, concrete test block 36 is carried out ice water erosion to concrete test block 36 after carrying out freeze-thaw test, simulates reality more truly The environment improves the accuracy of the test results; the temperature, cycle times and time of the freeze-thaw test can be set according to the climate of the simulated area. The first ice filter 18 and the second ice filter 21 can ensure that ice cubes will not circulate into the water pump 10 with the water flow and damage the equipment. The present invention utilizes 100mm*100mm*100mm and 100mm*100mm*400mm standard specimens for testing, which can be compared and evaluated with other performance testing tests.
于本发明另一具体的实施例中，为了便于在冲蚀试验结束后放出环形冲蚀水腔27和内槽体22内水，外槽体23的侧壁的下端设置有放水口25，放水口25上连接有一放水管7，放水管7与环形冲蚀水腔27内部连通，放水管7上设置有放水阀门8。打开放水管阀门8，即可使环形冲蚀水腔27内的水经放水管7流出，并能调节放水速度。In another specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to release the water in the annular erosion water chamber 27 and the inner tank body 22 after the erosion test is finished, the lower end of the side wall of the outer tank body 23 is provided with a water discharge port 25. A water discharge pipe 7 is connected to the water outlet 25, and the water discharge pipe 7 communicates with the inside of the annular erosion water chamber 27, and the water discharge pipe 7 is provided with a water discharge valve 8. Open the water discharge pipe valve 8, the water in the annular erosion water cavity 27 can be made to flow out through the water discharge pipe 7, and the water discharge speed can be adjusted.
保温槽体37、外槽体23和内槽体22均为腰型槽体，从而使环形冲蚀水腔27包括依次首尾相接的第一矩形腔体38、第一环形腔体39、第二矩形腔体40和第二环形腔体41，过水缺口17设置于第二环形腔体41的内槽体22侧壁上，试块固定支座24包括紊流试块固定支座和副流试块固定支座，第一矩形腔体38和第二矩形腔体40的底部均设置有多个紊流试块固定支座，第一环形腔体39的底部设置有一个副流试块固定支座，第一环形腔体39和第二环形腔体41的外槽体23侧壁上均设置有一个进水口26，各进水口26均通过一个第二管路33与一个水泵10连接。由于第一矩形腔体38和第二矩形腔体40内的水体流动状态符合冲刷混凝土的紊流状态，第一环形腔体38和第二环形腔体40的水体流动状态符合冲刷混凝土的副流状态，第一环形腔体38和第二环形腔体40内设置的紊流试块固定支座可用于测试紊流对混凝土试块36的冰水冲蚀损伤，第一环形腔体39和第二环形腔体41内设置的副流试块固定支座可用于测试副流对混凝土的冰水冲蚀损伤，可以更加全面的模拟河道中的紊流和副流，更加接近实际工程的抗冰水冲蚀性能；本发明简单合理，便于生成和操作，能够进行模拟不同类型的流速进行冰水冲蚀试验。The insulation tank body 37, the outer tank body 23 and the inner tank body 22 are all waist-shaped tank bodies, so that the annular erosion water chamber 27 includes a first rectangular cavity body 38, a first annular cavity body 39, and a second rectangular cavity body connected end to end in sequence. Two rectangular cavities 40 and the second annular cavity 41, the water gap 17 is arranged on the inner tank body 22 side walls of the second annular cavity 41, and the test block fixed support 24 includes a turbulent flow test block fixed support and auxiliary Flow test block fixed support, the bottom of the first rectangular cavity 38 and the second rectangular cavity 40 are provided with a plurality of turbulent flow test block fixed support, the bottom of the first annular cavity 39 is provided with an auxiliary flow test block Fixed support, a water inlet 26 is provided on the side wall of the outer tank body 23 of the first annular cavity 39 and the second annular cavity 41, and each water inlet 26 is connected with a water pump 10 through a second pipeline 33 . Since the water flow state in the first rectangular cavity 38 and the second rectangular cavity 40 conforms to the turbulent flow state of scoured concrete, the water flow state of the first annular cavity 38 and the second circular cavity 40 conforms to the secondary flow of scoured concrete state, the turbulent flow test block fixed support provided in the first annular cavity 38 and the second annular cavity 40 can be used to test the ice water erosion damage of the turbulent flow to the concrete test block 36, the first annular cavity 39 and the second annular cavity The auxiliary flow test block fixed support set in the second annular cavity 41 can be used to test the ice water erosion damage of the concrete by the auxiliary flow, which can more comprehensively simulate the turbulent flow and auxiliary flow in the river channel, and is closer to the ice resistance of the actual project Water erosion performance: the invention is simple and reasonable, easy to generate and operate, and can simulate different types of flow rates for ice water erosion tests.
为了使冲蚀至混凝土试块28的水流流速稳定，于本发明另一具体的实施例中，第二环形腔体41上的进水口16与第一矩形腔体38内的紊流试块固定支座共线设置，第一环形腔体39上的进水口16与第二矩形腔体40内的紊流试块固定支座共线设置。In order to stabilize the flow rate of water eroded to the concrete test block 28, in another specific embodiment of the present invention, the water inlet 16 on the second annular cavity 41 is fixed to the turbulent flow test block in the first rectangular cavity 38 The supports are arranged collinearly, and the water inlet 16 on the first annular cavity 39 and the fixed support of the turbulence test block in the second rectangular cavity 40 are arranged collinearly.
于本发明另一具体的实施例中，为了避免过水缺口处17水流速度不稳定，进水口16与过水缺口17错位设置，使进水口16不正对过水缺口17，底板9上开设有多个吊装孔13，底板9上安装有多个滚轮12。通过吊装孔13能够吊装移动试验装置，底板9上安装有多个滚轮12，能够实现便于推动试验装置，方便试验装置移动，减少场地限制。In another specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to avoid unstable water flow velocity at the water gap 17, the water inlet 16 and the water gap 17 are misplaced so that the water inlet 16 is not facing the water gap 17, and the bottom plate 9 is provided with A plurality of hoisting holes 13, a plurality of rollers 12 are installed on the bottom plate 9. The mobile test device can be hoisted through the hoisting hole 13, and a plurality of rollers 12 are installed on the bottom plate 9, which can realize the convenience of pushing the test device, facilitating the movement of the test device, and reducing site restrictions.
保温槽体37为钢槽体，保温槽体37外侧壁上覆有硅酸铝陶瓷纤维保温棉毡层，且试验槽上设置有能够封闭试验槽的保温盖14，能够减少试验装置的温度流失。于本发明另一具体的实施例中，保温盖14包括中轴5、半长圆环外围盖2和半长圆形保温透视窗4，半长圆环外围盖2和半长圆形保温透视窗4均设置有两个，中轴5的两端固定连接于保温槽体37的侧壁上，两个半圆环2外围盖均通过合页连接于中轴5上，每个半长圆环外围盖2内均固定连接有一个半长圆形保温透视窗4，且半长圆环外围盖2能够带动半长圆形保温透视窗4绕中轴5转动。一个半长圆环外围盖2和一个半圆形保温透4视窗组合形成半圆形保温盖，两个半圆保温盖可以自由独立的打开闭合，开启半长圆环外围盖2即能够带动半长圆形保温透视窗4一同开启；半长圆形保温透视窗4为半圆形的双层真空保温玻璃透视窗，半长圆环外围盖2为钢板制作，半长圆环外围盖2能够保护易碎的双层真空保温玻璃透视窗不破碎。半长圆形保温透视窗4能够满足试验人员时时观察外槽体23和内槽体22内的试验情况的需求。半长圆形保温透视窗4通过中性硅酮密封胶固定在明半长圆环外围盖2内侧，中轴5外侧壁上粘贴有密封条，半长圆形保温透视窗4绕中轴5转动时，既不会影响半长圆形保温透视窗4的打开，也能保证与中轴5的密封性，减少温度流失。The thermal insulation tank body 37 is a steel tank body, and the outer wall of the thermal insulation tank body 37 is covered with an aluminum silicate ceramic fiber insulation cotton felt layer, and the thermal insulation cover 14 capable of closing the test tank is provided on the test tank, which can reduce the temperature loss of the test device. . In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the heat preservation cover 14 includes a central axis 5, a semi-long circular ring peripheral cover 2 and a semi-long circular heat preservation see-through window 4, and a semi-long circular ring peripheral cover 2 and a semi-long circular heat preservation see-through window. Window 4 is provided with two, and the two ends of central shaft 5 are fixedly connected on the side wall of insulation tank body 37, and two semicircular rings 2 peripheral covers are all connected on central shaft 5 by hinge, and each semi-oblong A semi-oblong thermal insulation see-through window 4 is fixedly connected in the ring peripheral cover 2, and the semi-long circular peripheral cover 2 can drive the semi-oblong thermal insulation perspective window 4 to rotate around the central axis 5. A semi-circular peripheral cover 2 and a semi-circular thermal insulation window 4 are combined to form a semi-circular thermal insulation cover. The two semi-circular thermal insulation covers can be freely and independently opened and closed. Opening the semi-long circular peripheral cover 2 can drive the semi-circular The circular thermal insulation see-through window 4 is opened together; the semi-long circular thermal insulation perspective window 4 is a semicircular double-layer vacuum thermal insulation glass perspective window, and the semi-long circular ring peripheral cover 2 is made of steel plate, and the semi-long circular ring peripheral cover 2 can protect Fragile double-layer vacuum-insulated glass see-through windows are not broken. The semi-oblong thermal insulation see-through window 4 can meet the needs of test personnel to observe the test conditions in the outer tank body 23 and the inner tank body 22 from time to time. The semi-oblong thermal insulation see-through window 4 is fixed on the inner side of the outer semi-long circular ring cover 2 through neutral silicone sealant, and a sealing strip is pasted on the outer wall of the central axis 5, and the semi-oblong thermal insulation perspective window 4 is wound around the central axis 5 When rotating, it will neither affect the opening of the semi-oblong thermal insulation see-through window 4, but also ensure the tightness with the central axis 5 and reduce the temperature loss.
于本发明另一具体的实施例中，如图4所示，内槽体22侧壁上在过水缺口17的两侧各设置有一个滑动槽体28，两滑动槽体26之间设置有水位调整板19，水位调整板19通过滑动槽体28密封滑动连接于过水缺口17的两侧的内槽体22侧壁上。In another specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4 , a sliding groove body 28 is respectively provided on both sides of the water passage gap 17 on the side wall of the inner groove body 22 , and a sliding groove body 28 is arranged between the two sliding groove bodies 26 . Water level adjustment plate 19, water level adjustment plate 19 is connected on the side wall of inner tank body 22 on both sides of water gap 17 by sealing and sliding through sliding groove body 28.
于本发明另一具体的实施例中，滑动槽体28为不锈钢材料制作，滑动槽体26竖直固定连接于内槽体22的内侧壁上，滑动槽体28包括第一竖板和第二竖板，第一竖板一侧与内槽体22的内侧壁连接，第一竖板的另一侧与第二竖板连接，第二竖板与第一竖板呈45度夹角，水位调整板19被第二竖板压紧并紧密贴合于内槽体22的内侧壁上，能够有效保证环形冲蚀水腔27内的水位高度。In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the sliding groove body 28 is made of stainless steel material, and the sliding groove body 26 is vertically fixedly connected on the inner sidewall of the inner groove body 22, and the sliding groove body 28 includes a first vertical plate and a second vertical plate. Vertical plate, one side of the first vertical plate is connected with the inner side wall of the inner tank body 22, the other side of the first vertical plate is connected with the second vertical plate, the second vertical plate and the first vertical plate form an angle of 45 degrees, the water level The adjustment plate 19 is pressed by the second vertical plate and closely attached to the inner side wall of the inner tank body 22, which can effectively ensure the water level in the annular erosion water chamber 27.
于本发明另一具体的实施例中，为了便于开启半长圆环外围盖2，每个半长圆环外围盖2上表面上均固定连接有一把手3；为了便于测量水流温度，第一温度探头设置于外槽体23的内壁下端，为了便于测量水面以上的空气温度，第二温度探头15设置于外槽体23的内壁上端。In another specific embodiment of the present invention, in order to facilitate the opening of the semi-long circular ring peripheral cover 2, a handle 3 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of each semi-long circular ring peripheral cover 2; in order to facilitate the measurement of the water flow temperature, the first temperature The probe is arranged at the lower end of the inner wall of the outer tank body 23 , and in order to measure the air temperature above the water surface, the second temperature probe 15 is arranged at the upper end of the inner wall of the outer tank body 23 .
于本发明另一具体的实施例中，如图5所示，试块固定支座24包括固定底座35和两个固定角钢支撑29，各固定角钢支撑29均固定连接于固定底座35上，固定底座35固定连接于环形冲蚀水腔27的底部，一个固定角钢支撑29上穿设有一螺母30，螺母30内螺纹连接有一顶压螺栓31。固定混凝土试块28时，将混凝土试块28放在两个固定角钢支撑29之间，扭转顶压螺栓31顶住混凝土试块36，继续扭转顶压螺栓31直到混凝土试块36被固定。In another specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, the test block fixed support 24 includes a fixed base 35 and two fixed angle steel supports 29, and each fixed angle steel support 29 is fixedly connected to the fixed base 35, fixed The base 35 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular erosion water chamber 27 , a nut 30 is pierced on a fixed angle steel support 29 , and the nut 30 is internally threaded with a pressure bolt 31 . When fixing the concrete test block 28, the concrete test block 28 is placed between the two fixed angle steel supports 29, the torsion jacking bolt 31 withstands the concrete test block 36, and the torsion jacking bolt 31 is continued until the concrete test block 36 is fixed.
本发明中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。In the present invention, specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the present invention The idea of the invention will have changes in the specific implementation and scope of application. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
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