CN108952728A - A kind of headframe main body construction and self well digging freeze parallel construction system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a parallel construction system and method for well tower main body construction, shaft digging, and freezing. The parallel construction system includes a freezing system, a well tower construction system, and a shaft digging system; the freezing system is arranged around the periphery of the shaft; the freezing system includes freezing The freezing pipes are arranged in the circumferential direction of the wellbore, and multiple freezing pipes form a circular freezing pipe curtain; the well tower construction system is located above the wellbore excavation system; the well tower construction system includes the well tower frame, and the well tower frame is equipped with a first-floor platform and the second floor platform; the shaft excavation system is located above the freezing system; the shaft excavation system includes the shaft pouring system; the shaft pouring system is arranged on the shaft tower frame; the invention adopts the shaft tower construction system, shaft excavation construction system and freezing construction The parallel arrangement of the system enables excavation and masonry construction of the shaft and freezing construction while the main body of the shaft tower is being constructed; the construction period is shortened, and the blank of parallel and rapid construction of the shaft tower, shaft freezing, and excavation and masonry crossing in the alpine region is filled.

Description

A parallel construction system and method for the construction of the main body of the shaft tower and the excavation and laying of the shaft, and freezing

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of mine construction, and in particular relates to a parallel construction system and method for shaft tower main body construction, shaft excavation, and freezing.

Background technique

The coal mine vertical shaft construction generally adopts the freezing method in the topsoil section, and the ordinary sinking method is used in the bedrock section. Both the excavation and masonry of the outer wall of the frozen section and the excavation of the bedrock section adopt the short section excavation and masonry mixed operation method, and the inner wall is constructed by the sliding form method. In the early stage of well construction, many processes such as derrick or well tower construction, ground freezing hole making, vertical shaft excavation and masonry lifting equipment arrangement are concentrated near the wellhead. months)→Drilling holes for formation freezing at the wellhead (about 2.5 months)→Construction of pile foundation caps for well towers (about 0.5 months)→Construction of frozen trenches (about 0.3 months)→Construction of well towers (about 6 months)→ Arrange temporary sinking facilities (about 1.2 months) → vertical shaft digging; the cumulative construction period takes a long time, especially for well construction in alpine regions. For example, the lowest temperature in northern regions can reach -36°C. It is not suitable for steel structure derricks, and construction reinforcement is required For well towers with concrete shear wall structure, the foundation is usually designed in the form of large-volume reinforced concrete + bored piles, and the resulting construction period is usually more than 12 months.

The prerequisite for the safety of the well tower structure is the well tower foundation, which must have sufficient bearing capacity to resist its own static load and external dynamic load. In the process of building a well by the freezing method, it is especially necessary to consider various forms of damage to the well tower caused by uneven lifting of the well tower foundation caused by frost heaving and thawing, and settlement, which will affect mine hoisting and safe production. The permanent well tower has strong adaptability to the environment, but its most obvious disadvantage is that it takes a long time for the preparation period, and the installation process of the sinking facilities is relatively complicated, especially the preparation work for the freezing project is too much, and the construction of the freezing trench takes a long time near the wellhead. If the construction period is shortened, then the well tower, well shaft freezing, and vertical shaft excavation must realize cross-parallel construction.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide an improved technical solution for the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a parallel construction method for shaft tower, shaft freezing, excavation and masonry, to at least solve the problem that the current existing shaft tower, shaft freezing, and excavation multiple processes occupy a long overall construction period and generate freezing costs The increased problem ensures the safety of well towers, well shafts freezing, excavation and masonry cross-parallel construction, and can ensure safe and efficient well construction, which has more significant economic benefits.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A parallel construction system for well tower main body construction, shaft excavation, and freezing, the parallel construction system includes a freezing system, a well tower construction system, and a shaft excavation system;

The freezing system is arranged around the periphery of the wellbore; the freezing system includes freezing pipes, the freezing pipes are arranged adjacent to the circumference of the wellbore, and a plurality of the freezing pipes form a circular freezing pipe curtain;

The well tower construction system is located above the shaft excavation and laying system; the well tower construction system includes a well tower frame, and the well tower frame is provided with a first floor platform and a second floor platform, and the well tower frame is used for Provide bearing and support;

The shaft excavation system is located above the freezing system; the shaft excavation system includes a sinking system and a shaft pouring system; the shaft pouring system is arranged on the well tower frame.

As described above, a parallel construction system for well tower main body construction, shaft excavation, and freezing, preferably, the well tower construction system further includes structural columns, and four structural columns are arranged above the shaft. The first layer platform and the second layer platform are connected on the structural column, the second layer platform is located above the first layer platform, and the second layer platform is laid with thick wooden boards, and the thick wooden boards are used for The space section below the platform on the second floor is closed; the well tower frame is also provided with a well tower guardrail around the well tower frame, and the well tower guardrail is arranged on the outer wall surface of the well tower at the same height as the second floor platform;

Preferably, the well tower guardrail is also equipped with a well tower anti-falling net.

As described above, a parallel construction system for well tower main body construction, shaft excavation, and freezing, preferably, the well tower construction system further includes a winch lifting system and a temporary gangue discharge system, and the winch lifting system and the temporary gangue discharge system The system is set on the first floor platform, and the temporary gangue removal system is located on the side of the winch hoisting system away from the well tower frame; The winch sky wheel beam is arranged on the winch sky wheel platform, and the winch lifting wheel is arranged on the winch sky wheel beam; the temporary waste discharge system includes the gangue discharge sky wheel platform, and the gangue discharge sky wheel platform wheel beam, gangue discharge sky wheel and vehicle stabilizing device, the gangue discharge sky wheel beam is arranged on the gangue discharge sky wheel platform, and the gangue discharge sky wheel is arranged on the gangue discharge sky wheel beam; The car device is set on the ground foundation;

Preferably, the vehicle stabilizing device is a 25t vehicle stabilizing device.

As described above, a parallel construction system for the construction of the main body of the well tower and the excavation and freezing of the shaft, preferably, the drilling system includes a temporary drilling system, a single-side sliding gangue system and an auxiliary sliding hook gangue system; the temporary drilling system The system includes a fixed pulley, the fixed pulley is suspended on the lower surface of the first floor platform by a wire rope in a herringbone shape, the single-side slide system is set on the first floor platform, and the auxiliary slide hook system is set on the well tower On the outer wall of the frame, the auxiliary chute and hook gangue system is located at the middle height between the first floor platform and the ground;

Preferably, the fixed pulley is a 20t fixed pulley.

In the above-mentioned parallel construction system for the construction of the main body of the well tower and the excavation and freezing of the shaft, preferably, the shaft pouring system includes a suspension sky wheel of the compressed air pipe, and the suspended sky wheel of the compressed air pipe is arranged on the first On the right side of the center of the second-floor platform, the air pressure pipe suspension sky wheel is connected with a pressure air pipe guide sky wheel through a steel wire rope, and the air pressure pipe guide sky wheel is located at the rightmost end of the second floor platform; The sky wheel suspended by the pressure air pipe is arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane where the center line of the second floor platform is located, and the sky wheel suspended by the drain pipe is connected to the guiding sky wheel of the drain pipe through the steel wire rope. , the drainpipe guiding sky pulley is arranged at the leftmost end of the second-floor platform.

In the above-mentioned parallel construction system for the construction of the main body of the shaft tower and the excavation and freezing of the shaft, preferably, the shaft pouring system further includes a double-layer hanging pan, and the double-layer hanging pan is suspended in the shaft through a wire rope. A hanging plate is provided on the inner wall to pass through the chute, which is convenient for the double-layer hanging plate to move up and down; a sealing plate is also provided at the upper end of the shaft, and the sealing plate is a pancake disc with a through hole.

In the parallel construction system for the construction of the main body of the well tower and the excavation and freezing of the shaft as described above, preferably, the freezing system further includes a freezing groove, and the freezing groove is in the shape of a ring; A support column is provided in the circumferential direction of the groove, and a plurality of the support columns form a support system for supporting the outer wall of the freezing groove.

In the parallel construction system for the construction of the main body of the well tower and the excavation and freezing of the shaft as described above, preferably, a safety protection shed is also provided on the outer wall of the well tower frame, and the safety protection shed is in the shape of a hollow ring. The safety protection shed is located between the auxiliary chute hook gangue system and the first floor platform, and is used to provide a safety barrier for the lower working space.

A construction method for the parallel construction system of well tower main body construction and shaft excavation and freezing, preferably, the method includes the following steps:

Step 1, construction preparation and construction period budget:

Freezing construction will be carried out after the frozen hole making, frozen trench and equipment installation. The budgeted construction period for the frozen construction is 60 days. While the frozen trench is installed, prepare for the excavation of the shaft and install the excavation equipment; the budgeted period for the installation of the excavation equipment is 31 days, the excavation and masonry construction will start after the installation of the excavation and masonry equipment is completed;

Step 2, parallel construction of the well tower and the freezing project:

After the freezing hole is completed, when excavating the foundation of the well tower, the method of layering and block excavation shall be adopted to reduce the uneven lateral soil stress, and the core soil around the frozen pipe shall be left to prevent mechanical damage; In the freezing construction plan, the well tower adopts the synovial film construction technology; at the same time as the synovial film construction of the well tower, the freezing station is constructed at the same time, and the freezing begins; the freezing station is set far from the wellhead, and the frozen brine required for freezing construction can be used in the The freezing pipe is laid to the wellhead, leaving more space for the construction unit of the well tower and well shaft; when the foundation shear wall of the well tower is being constructed, the freezing project needs to be uninterrupted; The hole position of the frozen pipe should be reserved, and the main frozen pipe needs to be supported and reinforced;

Step 3, parallel construction of the well tower, sinking and freezing

The 2-story well tower frame structure is constructed in advance, and the entire section is closed by laying steel beams and 50mm thick wooden boards, and guardrails and anti-falling nets are added around to form a safety protection shed to ensure the safety of the lower construction; Formwork, concrete pouring and other processes are under normal construction; the first floor platform is constructed synchronously to lift the skywheel platform for the winch, the skywheel beam and the hoisting skywheel are installed normally; before the lifting system of the two winches is formed, use the first floor platform to install the skywheel, The steel beam and the two 25t stabilizing vehicles on the ground are equipped with a temporary lifting and drainage system to form a shaft excavation system; the shaft excavation project must have construction space in three directions, and the design stabilization system occupies two directions in the east and west, and the south side is used for excavation. The gangue is built, and the north side is used for personnel to go up and down and transport materials; during the excavation and blasting, the construction personnel on the well tower stop working.

The construction method of the above-mentioned well tower main body construction and shaft excavation and freezing parallel construction system, preferably, in the step 2, during the well tower synovial film construction process, in addition to the safety protection of the well tower itself for high-altitude operations, adopt The steel plate with a thickness greater than 5mm seals all the freezing grooves to prevent falling objects from leaking the frozen pipes in the freezing grooves and causing the loss of frozen brine.

Compared with the closest prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following excellent effects:

The present invention adopts the mode that the well tower construction system, the well shaft excavation and masonry construction system and the freezing construction system are arranged in parallel, and the well shaft excavation construction and the freezing construction can be carried out while the main body of the well tower is being constructed; Freezing, excavation and masonry cross-parallel construction method solves the problems of long construction period and increased cost in the technical requirements of existing multiple processes, and proposes a new method of multiple process cross-parallel construction, which is different from conventional construction methods. Compared with that, it can realize the excavation of the shaft within 6 months, filling the gaps in the high-cold area of the well tower, the freezing of the shaft, and the parallel and rapid construction of the excavation and masonry. It is an important part of the safe and efficient construction of coal mines, and the social and economic benefits are significant.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. in:

Fig. 1 is the layout schematic diagram of freezing hole, pile foundation and drill tower of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the construction method when the pile foundation and the frozen pipe overlap according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the layout schematic diagram of parallel construction of shaft tower, shaft freezing and shaft excavation according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a plan diagram of parallel construction grids according to the embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Pile foundation hole; 2. Frozen hole; 3. Mud groove; 4. Suspension plate; 5. Well shaft; 6. Frozen pipe; 7. Drilling tower; 10. Well tower pile foundation; 11. Structural column; 12. Ground foundation; 13. First floor platform; 14. Second floor platform; 17. Drainpipe suspension skywheel; 18. Drainage pipe guide skywheel; 19. Safety shed; 20. Vehicle stabilizing device; 21. Winch.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", " The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "top", "bottom", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so they cannot be understood as Limitations on the Invention. The terms "connected" and "connected" used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected or detachably connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate parts, for ordinary A skilled person can understand the specific meanings of the above terms according to specific situations.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, a parallel construction system and method for shaft shaft freezing, excavation and masonry intersection, the parallel construction system includes a freezing pore-making system, and the freezing pore-making system includes freezing system and freeze hole pore making system. The freezing system is arranged around the periphery of the shaft 5 . The freezing system comprises freezing pipes 6 , a plurality of freezing pipes 6 being arranged circumferentially adjacent to the wellbore 5 . The freezing hole drilling system includes a hanging pan 4 and a drilling tower 7 , the lower surface of the drilling tower 7 is connected to the upper surface of the hanging pan 4 , and five drilling towers 7 are evenly arranged near the peripheral edge of the hanging pan 4 .

A well tower construction system, the well tower construction system includes a well tower pile foundation 10 system and a well tower frame system, and the well tower pile foundation 10 system is located outside the frozen hole pore making system. The well tower pile foundation 10 system includes a rotary drilling rig interspersed between the drilling towers 7 , the rotary drilling rig is used to form pile foundation holes 1 , and a plurality of pile foundation holes 1 forms a pile foundation hole array 8 . The well tower frame system includes the well tower frame. The well tower frame is provided with a first layer platform 13 and a second layer platform 14. The well tower frame is used to provide bearing and support.

Shaft 5 excavation system, the shaft 5 excavation system is located above the freezing system. The shaft 5 excavation system includes a sinking system and a shaft 5 pouring system. The wellbore 5 pouring system is set on the well tower frame.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the well tower and well tower frame system also includes a structural column 11, a winch 21, a lifting system and a temporary gangue discharge system. Four structural columns 11 are arranged above the shaft 5, the first platform 13 and the second platform 14 are connected to the structural columns 11, the second platform 14 is located above the first platform 13, and the second platform 14 Thick planks are laid, and the planks are used to close the space section below the platform 14 on the second floor. The well tower frame is also provided with a well tower guardrail around the well tower frame, and the well tower guardrail is arranged on the well tower outer wall at the same height as the second floor platform 14 .

The hoisting system of the winch 21 and the temporary gangue removal system are arranged on the first floor platform 13, and the temporary gangue removal system is located on the side of the hoisting system of the winch 21 away from the well tower frame. The winch 21 hoisting system includes a winch 21 skywheel platform, a winch 21 skywheel beam, and a winch 21 hoisting skywheel. The 21 sky wheel beams of the winch are arranged on the 21 sky wheel platforms of the winch, and the 21 sky wheels of the winch are arranged on the 21 sky wheel beams of the winch. The temporary gangue discharge system includes the gangue discharge skywheel platform, the gangue discharge skywheel beam, the gangue discharge skywheel and the vehicle stabilization device 20, the gangue discharge skywheel beam is set on the gangue discharge skywheel platform, and the gangue discharge skywheel is set on the gangue discharge skywheel on the wheel beam. The vehicle stabilizing device 20 is arranged on the ground foundation 12 . Preferably, the vehicle stabilizing device 20 is a 25t vehicle stabilizing device 20 . More preferably, the well tower guardrail is also equipped with a well tower anti-falling net.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the freezing system further includes a refrigeration device, a liquid inlet pipe, a distribution pipe, a freezing groove, a confluence pipe and a liquid return pipe. Freezing pipe 6 is a hollow circular pipe, and freezing pipe 6 is positioned in freezing hole 2, and freezing pipe 6 extends and lays to freezing hole 2 bottoms along the depth direction of freezing hole 2 from the top of freezing hole 2.

A plurality of freezing holes 2 form a freezing hole array 9, and a plurality of freezing pipes 6 form a curtain of freezing pipes 6, and the inner wall of the curtain of freezing pipes 6 is close to the outer peripheral surface of the suspension plate 4. The upper end of the freezing pipe 6 curtain is provided with a freezing groove, the freezing groove is in the shape of a ring, and the periphery of the freezing groove is provided with supporting columns along the circumferential direction of the freezing groove, and a plurality of supporting columns form a support system for supporting the outer wall of the freezing groove .

A diversion pipe and a confluence pipe are arranged in the freezing groove, both of which are in the shape of a hollow ring, and the confluence pipe is located below the diversion pipe. The lower surface of the shunt pipe is evenly opened with shunt flow holes along the circumferential direction. The upper end of each freezing pipe 6 is connected with the shunt pipe through a plurality of shunt flow holes. Hole 2 communicates with the confluence pipe through the confluence pipe through hole.

The front end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected to the refrigeration equipment, and the rear end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected to the shunt pipe. The front end of the liquid return pipe is connected to the confluence pipe, and the rear end of the liquid return pipe is connected to the refrigeration equipment for returning the low-temperature brine to the refrigeration equipment.

Refrigeration equipment, liquid inlet pipe, distribution pipe, freezing pipe 6, freezing hole 2, confluence pipe and liquid return pipe form a continuous loop for circulation of low-temperature brine. Preferably, the refrigeration equipment is located outside the hole array 8 of the pile foundation. Preferably again, the diameter of the circle where the freezing groove is located is the same as the diameter of the freezing tube 6 curtain.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the pouring system of the well shaft 5 includes the air pressure pipe suspension sky pulley 15 and the double-layer suspension pan 4 . The air pressure pipe suspension sky wheel 15 is arranged on the right side of the center of the second floor platform 14, the air pressure pipe suspension sky wheel 15 is connected with the pressure air pipe guide sky wheel 16 through the steel wire rope, and the pressure air pipe guide sky wheel 16 is located on the The far right end of the second floor platform. The air pressure pipe suspension skywheel 15 is provided with a drainpipe suspension skywheel 17 at the plane symmetry with respect to the center line of the second floor platform 14, and the drainage pipe suspension skywheel 17 is connected with a drainage pipe guide skywheel 18 through a steel wire rope. The drainage pipe guiding wheel 18 is arranged on the leftmost end of the platform 14 on the second floor.

The double-layer hanging pan 4 is suspended in the shaft 5 by a wire rope, and the inner wall of the shaft 5 is provided with a hanging pan 4 passing through a chute, so that the double-layer hanging pan 4 moves up and down. The upper end of the shaft 5 is also provided with a sealing disc, which is a pancake disc with through holes.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the sinking system includes a temporary sinking system, a unilateral sliding gangue system, and an auxiliary sliding hook gangue system. The temporary sinking system includes a fixed pulley, which is suspended under the platform 13 on the first floor through a herringbone wire rope. On the surface, the single-side sliding and gangue system is arranged on the first floor platform 13, the auxiliary sliding hook and gangue system is arranged on the outer wall of the well tower frame, and the auxiliary sliding hook and gangue system is located at the middle height between the first floor platform 13 and the ground. Preferably, the fixed pulley is a 20t fixed pulley.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the freezing hole 2 drilling system includes a mud groove 3 and a mud conduit, the cross section of the mud groove 3 is concave, and one end of the mud groove 3 is connected to the outer surface of the circumference of the suspension plate 4, and The outer surface of the circumference close to the suspension plate 4 extends circumferentially until connected end to end, forming a ring structure. A mud through hole is also provided at the bottom of the mud trench 3 . One end of the plurality of mud conduits is airtightly connected in the plurality of mud through holes, and the other end of the plurality of mud conduits extends to the upper ends of the plurality of freezing holes 2 .

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the perfusion system includes a mud tank, a perfusion conduit and a reinforcement cage. The mud pool is in the shape of a hollow cuboid without a roof, and universal wheels are provided on the lower surface of the mud pool to provide convenience for the movement of the mud pool. The lower surface of the mud pool is also provided with pouring holes. One end of multiple perfusion conduits is sealed and connected in multiple perfusion holes, and the other end of multiple perfusion conduits extends to the bottom of different pile foundation holes 1 . The reinforcement cage is arranged in the pile foundation hole 1 for forming the pile foundation. A safety protection shed 19 is also provided on the outer wall of the well tower frame, and the safety protection shed 19 is a hollow ring shape. The safety protection shed 19 is located between the auxiliary chute hook gangue system and the first floor platform 13, and is used to provide protection for the lower working space. security barrier. The periphery of the pile foundation hole array 8 is in a square shape, and the pile foundation hole array 8 is located outside the freezing pipe 6 curtain. The pile foundation hole array 8 is provided with a reserved road for pouring pile foundation concrete. Preferably, there are 55-65 pile foundation holes 1 . More preferably, the distance between every two adjacent pile foundation holes 1 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction is less than 3m.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, the parallel construction grid planning diagram of the present invention is provided. From the beginning of construction, the freezing hole making and the well tower pile foundation 10 construction are carried out simultaneously, and after the freezing hole making is finished, the freezing ditch The trench and equipment installation and shaft 5 excavation preparations are carried out at the same time. After the freezing trench and equipment installation are completed, the freezing construction starts. After the shaft 5 excavation preparations are completed, the excavation equipment installation starts. construction. The steps to be carried out simultaneously with the above construction steps include breaking the pile head. After the pile head is broken, the foundation construction will start. The construction period required for the foundation construction is about 30 days. Installation and excavation started construction.

The present invention also provides a parallel construction method of the vertical shaft tower, shaft 5 freezing, excavation and masonry cross parallel construction system, and the parallel construction method includes the following steps,

Step 1, parallel construction of well tower pile foundation 10 and frozen hole making:

On the hanging pan 4, five drilling towers 7 are arranged at a circumferential equiangular position near the edge of the hanging pan 4, and the bottoms of the drilling towers 7 are movably linked with the hanging pan 4, so that the drilling towers 7 can be moved to different stations for construction. After drilling tower 7 is set up, open five drilling towers 7 simultaneously, drill into and form freezing hole 2 at the position of design. While the frozen hole array 9 is being formed, the automobile rotary drilling rig used for constructing the pile foundation hole 1 is interspersed in the gap of the drilling tower 7, and the pile foundation hole 1 is drilled around the frozen hole array 9, and the pile foundation hole array 8 is gradually formed. .

Weld a circle of mud groove 3 on the peripheral surface of suspension plate 4, put into mud in mud groove 3, freeze hole 2 mud retaining walls and adopt freezing mud to be PHP-HPAN mud and C-PAN-KHm mud. The mud circulates in the mud trench 3, and the mud in the mud trench 3 is introduced into the freezing hole array 9 through the mud conduit to protect the wall of the freezing hole 2 with mud. While freezing the hole 2 mud retaining walls, the reinforcement cage is hoisted into the pile foundation hole array 8 to prepare for the following process.

Dig a circle of freezing grooves at the upper end of the freezing hole array 9, put the freezing pipe 6 into each freezing hole 2, and pour the self-mixing concrete at the construction site into the mud pool at the same time as lowering the freezing pipe 6. At the bottom of the mud pool, concrete is introduced into the bottom of the reinforcement cage in the pile foundation hole 1, and the mud pool is poured while moving along the reserved pile filling path to form the pile foundation. Part of the pile foundation hole 1 is adjacent to the frozen pipe 6, which makes the construction difficult. When the adjacent distance between the pile foundation hole 1 and the frozen pipe 6 is less than 100mm, the pile foundation must be constructed first, and then the frozen hole 2 should be constructed to avoid extrusion of the frozen pipe 6. Deformation or displacement causes the freezing tube 6 to be scrapped. When the pile foundation overlaps with the 6 frozen pipes, deviate the frozen pipe 6 from the original position and keep a distance of at least 0.3m from the pile foundation. When the frozen pipe 6 reaches the bottom of the pile foundation, guide the frozen pipe 6 to the original design position .

Step 2, parallel construction of the well tower and the freezing project:

After the freezing hole is finished, when the well tower foundation is excavated, adopt layered and block excavation methods to reduce the uneven lateral soil stress, and leave the core soil around the frozen pipe 6 to prevent mechanical damage. Freezing adopts a one-time freezing and full-depth freezing construction scheme, and the well tower adopts a synovial membrane construction process. Simultaneously with the construction of the well tower synovium, the freezing station was constructed at the same time and started to freeze. The freezing station is arranged at a place away from the wellhead, and the frozen brine required for freezing construction can be laid to the wellhead with the main freezing pipe 6, leaving more space for the construction unit of the well tower and the well shaft 5. During the construction of the foundation shear wall of the well tower, the freezing project requires uninterrupted construction. The main freezing pipe 6 will pass through the shear wall, and the hole positions of the freezing pipe 6 will be reserved in advance, and the main freezing pipe 6 needs to be supported and reinforced. During the construction of the well tower synovial film, in addition to the safety protection of the well tower itself for high-altitude operations, the freezing trenches are completely sealed with steel plates thicker than 5mm, to prevent falling objects from falling from the heights from leaking the 6 frozen pipes in the freezing trenches, causing Freeze the loss of brine.

Step 3, parallel construction of the well tower, sinking and freezing

A 2-story well tower frame structure was built in advance, and the entire section was closed by laying steel beams and 50mm thick wooden boards, and guardrails and anti-falling nets were added around to form a safety shed 19 to ensure the safety of the lower construction. On the second floor and above, the well tower reinforcement, formwork support, concrete pouring and other processes are under normal construction. First floor platform 13 synchronous construction hoists 21 sky wheel platforms, sky wheel beams and lifting sky wheels are normally installed. Before the lifting system of the two winches 21 is formed, the first floor platform 13 is used to install the sky wheel, steel beams and two 25t stabilizers on the ground to set up a temporary lifting and discharging system to form the shaft 5 excavation and masonry system. The excavation project of shaft 5 must have construction space in three directions. The design stabilizer system occupies two directions, east and west. The south side is used for excavation and masonry, and the north side is used for personnel to go up and down and transport materials. During the excavation and blasting, the construction personnel above the well tower stopped working.

Example 1:

This example is aimed at the construction of the auxiliary shaft of Bojiang Haizi Coal Mine in the south of Tarangaole Mining Area, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The depth of the vertical shaft is 611m. Shaft 5 is constructed by the freezing method, and the bedrock section is constructed by the ordinary sinking method. The auxiliary shaft design adopts a reinforced concrete shear wall structure well tower with a height of 66m. The foundation is designed as a large-volume reinforced concrete structure with a buried depth of -6m. The following are bored piles and mud retaining walls. The pile foundation diameter is There are 60 well tower pile foundations 10 with a length of 22m.

According to the total construction period plan of the mine construction, the key line: freezing-shaft 5 excavation-the construction period of roadway excavation has been determined, and the compression space is already very small. In order not to affect the total construction period of the mine, the shaft tower proposed by this patent is adopted. The parallel construction method of sinking wells can be divided into three stages:

(1) Well tower pile foundation 10 is constructed in parallel with frozen hole making

The planned construction period of the auxiliary well freezing and drilling is 65 days. There are 44 freezing holes 2, 3 temperature measuring holes, and 2 hydrological holes, with a total of 22690m of drilling. Five 22.5KW drilling towers 7 are used for simultaneous construction according to the layout shown in Figure 1. There are 60 well tower pile foundations 10 in total, and the divisions are around the freezing hole 2. The drill bit is rotated to drill into the hole, the entire section of the steel cage is hooped for positioning and forming, the entire section of the hole is directly lowered into the cage, and the conduit is poured underwater to form a construction process of self-mixing concrete to form a pile.

PHP-HPAN mud and C-PAN-KHm mud are used for frozen hole making. Mud grooves 3 are covered around hanging pan 4. Pile foundation construction uses bentonite homemade mud. Steel plate welding is used to move the mud pool and pipes are used to connect. Cross-mixing of pile foundation mud and frozen mud is avoided.

When part of the pile foundation is less than 100mm adjacent to the frozen pipe 6, the pile foundation must be constructed first, and then the frozen hole 2 must be constructed to avoid extrusion deformation or displacement of the frozen pipe 6, which will cause the frozen pipe 6 to be scrapped.

When the pile foundation overlaps with the 6 frozen pipes, deviate the frozen pipe 6 from the original position as shown in Figure 2, and keep a distance of at least 0.3m from the pile foundation. When the construction reaches the bottom of the pile foundation, guide the frozen pipe 6 to the original design position.

(2) Well tower pile foundation 10 is constructed in parallel with frozen hole making

After the freeze drilling is completed, the well tower and the freeze start construction. The freeze adopts a one-time freeze full-depth freeze construction plan, a low-temperature and high-flow freeze method, and the brine temperature in the active period is -32°C, and the brine temperature in the maintenance period is -24～-26 ℃; The well tower adopts the synovial film construction technology, and at the same time as the synovial film construction of the well tower, the freezing station is constructed at the same time, and the freezing begins.

When the well tower foundation is excavated, since the foundation depth is -6m, the frozen pipe 6 must be protected, firstly to prevent mechanical damage, and secondly to prevent the deformation of the frozen pipe 6 caused by the collapse and extrusion of the earthwork.

(3) Parallel construction of well tower, sinking and freezing

After the well tower was constructed to 33m and frozen for 1.8 months, the wellbore 5 was ready for start-up, and the excavation and laying began. One month before the construction of well shaft 5 is the equipment installation time as shown in Figure 4. At this time, the construction of the well tower is suspended, and the shutdown time is arranged during the winter break, which shortens the total construction period of the well tower. During this period, the freezing project continued to be constructed, and the sky wheel and the anchoring system were installed at the same time. After the winter break, the well tower continued to be constructed upwards, and the well shaft 5 was dug downward, and the freezing also continued to work.

Example 2:

In this example, the auxiliary shaft of Bojiang Haizi Mine is drilled with a permanent shaft tower. The height of the shaft tower is 82 meters, the maximum capacity is 52709.8m3m ³ , the maximum beam span is 26m, and the maximum support height is 17m. It is divided into +15.5m, +24m, Four floors of +32.5m and +44.9m. The sinking construction platform uses two floors of +15.5m and +24m, and at +26.2m uses four large steel-concrete columns arranged in the center of the well tower to make a self-made hoisting winch 21 sky wheel platform.

Both the main shaft and auxiliary shaft towers of Bojiang Haizi Mine adopt reinforced concrete box structure, adopt sliding form construction, and pour concrete continuously. The construction speed is fast and the formwork reuse rate is high, which can greatly reduce the project cost. In order to fully and accurately grasp the development and change of the internal temperature field of the main shaft cap, two series of temperature measuring lines No. 1 and No. 2 are evenly arranged around the middle of the cap, with 12 measuring points in each string, a total of 24 measuring points. Among them, the No. 1 temperature measuring line is arranged at the position of the middle row of piles, and the No. 2 temperature measuring line is arranged at the inner row of piles of the cap. The main content of the monitoring of the mechanical characteristics of the foundation cap of the well tower includes the monitoring of the bottom pressure of the cap, the monitoring of the internal reinforcement stress of the cap, and the monitoring of the temperature and stress of the concrete. On this basis, the finite element method is used to simulate and analyze the external load. The variation characteristics of the bearing capacity of the bearing platform and the distribution law of the internal temperature stress of the mass concrete. Along the four corner points around the foundation and the lateral line near the north-south direction parallel to the foundation edge, the settlement measuring points of the well tower foundation are arranged.

Through comprehensive technical analysis, during the pouring process of the well tower foundation, it is divided into two floors and four blocks for pouring. A stove is placed in the middle of the well, and the well tower is closed with thick plastic sheets to ensure the conditions for the concrete to solidify.

The two floors of +32.6m and +24.0m of the permanent shaft tower are closed by laying steel beams and 50mm thick wooden boards in full section, and guardrails and anti-falling nets are added around to ensure the safety of construction below the two floors. +32.6m above the well tower reinforcement, formwork, pouring concrete and other processes are under normal construction. +24.0m synchronous construction hoisting winch 21 uses sky wheel platform (namely self-made +26.2m platform), sky wheel beam and lifting sky wheel are installed normally. Before the two winches 21 hoisting system is formed, use the +24.0m platform to install the skywheel, steel beams and two 25t stabilizer trucks on the ground to set up a temporary lifting gangue removal system, and the excavation and laying of shaft 5 is carried out synchronously.

(1) Temporary sinking system

a. Improve waste discharge

Utilize the I-shaped steel beams N2 and N3 on the +24.0m platform to suspend the 20t fixed pulley in a "herringbone" shape with a 40mm steel wire rope. The car lifts the 5m3 bucket through a 38mm steel wire rope, leaves a bottom tank head-on, picks up the hook in the well, and the tank cannot be overfilled. Use the gangue sliding system on the east side to discharge the gangue to the ground, and use manual and forklift trucks to clean up the gangue soil. At the same time, it took one day to complete the +11.5m gangue turning platform, and the auxiliary hook sliding system was formed. During the construction period, people were removed from the mine.

b. Excavation of shaft 5

Two PC60 Komatsu excavators were used to excavate the soil and the edge was trimmed with shovels. The small excavators directly transported the soil to the wellhead, and the forklift was used to manually clean it in time. First dig the small well in advance, short step excavation, and finally manually brush the side to the design circle diameter, and support the wall of the frozen trench with dotted columns. When the construction reaches a depth of about 3m and the small excavator cannot directly throw the soil out from the working face, a temporary lifting and gangue removal scheme will be used for construction.

c. Formwork suspension and ash lowering system for pouring

The overall formwork of the hydraulic metal is 4m high and the radius is 6.05m. The skywheel platform that has been installed at +15.5m is used to set up the suspension. The platform uses 2 templates to suspend the skywheel, a set of air pressure pipe suspension and guide skywheel, 1 There are 4 suspension points for the set of drainage pipe suspension and guide sky wheel, and the corresponding 4 stable cars synchronously lift the formwork to meet the use of wall building. Shaft 5 is excavated 20m before the concrete is poured into the mould, and the ash lowering system is made separately after 20m. The lower formwork is 4m high, and the head-on excavation section is 4m high, and the sealing plate can be installed through calculation. When pouring concrete, utilize the chute to directly enter the mold at the lower floor suspension plate 4.

(2), well tower construction

The shear wall and load-bearing side columns of the well tower are constructed by assembling hydraulic sliding form, and the floor and the middle "well"-shaped support column are poured with existing wooden formwork. There are 30 steel pipe erectors, 20 steel workers, and 10 carpenters in each small class. Pumping is used to enter the mold, and the boom of some pump trucks cannot be constructed, so the ash tank is suspended by the crane tower to enter the mold to ensure that the temperature of the mold entering is not lower than 15°C, and the initial setting time of the concrete is strictly controlled. During the normal construction of the well tower +32.6m above the reinforcement, formwork, concrete pouring and other processes, the sky wheel platform on the lower floor is installed synchronously, and the falling objects must be effectively protected.

(3), Winch 21 lifts the sky wheel platform installation

The +26.2m skywheel platform is a self-made sinking platform, using 5 H700×30 steel beams welded to the four pre-embedded steel plates in the middle of the permanent well tower to form a platform frame, on which 5 Ⅰ63a and 2 950×300 steel beams are erected Combined welded steel beams are used as sky wheel beams. 2JKZ-4.0m/15 double-drum large winch 21 is used for the main and auxiliary lifting, and the diameter of the lifting sky wheel is 3.0m. At the same time as the construction of the shaft tower, 8m×9m (height×width) sky wheel beams and windows for hoisting of the sky wheel are left on the east and west sides of the shear walls above the +24m platform. Install in place.

(4) Implementation effect

As of December 30, 2009, the construction of the well tower reached 40.8m, the permanent locking construction of the auxiliary well was completed, the +24.0m and +26.2m skywheel platforms were installed, and the two 4m large winches 21 and 20 stabilizers were completed. The test was running normally, the wellbore 5 was dug and laid for 32m, and key processes such as hydraulic metal formwork, double-layer sinking suspension plate 4 underground assembly, sealing plate installation, and wellhead double track laying were completed in only 24 days.

In summary, the well tower, well shaft freezing, excavation and masonry cross-parallel construction method of the present invention solves the problems of long construction period and increased cost in the technical requirements of the existing multiple processes, and proposes several Compared with the conventional construction method, the new method of intersecting and parallel construction of the process can realize the excavation of the shaft within 6 months, filling the gaps in the high-cold area of the well tower, the freezing of the shaft, and the rapid construction of the intersecting and parallel construction of the excavation. It is a safe and efficient construction of coal mines. An important part of it, the social and economic benefits are remarkable.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A well tower main body construction and shaft excavation and laying, freezing parallel construction system, is characterized in that, parallel construction system comprises: freezing system, well tower construction system and shaft excavation and laying system; The freezing system is arranged around the periphery of the wellbore; the freezing system includes freezing pipes, the freezing pipes are arranged adjacent to the circumference of the wellbore, and a plurality of the freezing pipes form a circular freezing pipe curtain; The well tower construction system is located above the shaft excavation and laying system; the well tower construction system includes a well tower frame, and the well tower frame is provided with a first floor platform and a second floor platform, and the well tower frame is used for Provide bearing and support; The shaft excavation system is located above the freezing system; the shaft excavation system includes a sinking system and a shaft pouring system; the shaft pouring system is arranged on the well tower frame. 2. A kind of well tower body construction as claimed in claim 1 and shaft digging, freezing parallel construction system, it is characterized in that, described well tower construction system also comprises structural column, and four described structural columns are arranged on Above the well shaft, the first-layer platform and the second-layer platform are connected to the structural column, the second-layer platform is located above the first-layer platform, and planks are laid on the second-layer platform , the thick wooden board is used to close the space section below the second floor platform; the well tower frame is also provided with a well tower guardrail, and the well tower guardrail is arranged on the well tower at the same height as the second floor platform on the outer wall; Preferably, the well tower guardrail is also equipped with a well tower anti-falling net. 3. A parallel construction system for well tower main body construction, shaft excavation, and freezing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the well tower construction system also includes a winch lifting system and a temporary gangue discharge system, and the winch lifts The system and the temporary gangue removal system are arranged on the first floor platform, and the temporary gangue removal system is located on the side of the winch hoisting system away from the well tower frame; the winch hoisting system includes a winch sky wheel platform, a winch The sky wheel beam, the winch lifts the sky wheel; the winch sky wheel beam is set on the winch sky wheel platform, and the winch lifting wheel is set on the winch sky wheel beam; The temporary gangue discharge system includes a gangue discharge sky wheel platform, a gangue discharge sky wheel beam, a gangue discharge sky wheel and a vehicle stabilizing device, the gangue discharge sky wheel beam is arranged on the gangue discharge sky wheel platform, and the gangue discharge sky wheel The sky wheel is set on the gangue discharge sky wheel beam; the vehicle stabilizing device is set on the ground foundation; Preferably, the vehicle stabilizing device is a 25t vehicle stabilizing device. 4. A parallel construction system for well tower main body construction, shaft excavation, and freezing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the drilling system includes a temporary drilling system, a single-side sliding system and an auxiliary sliding hook gangue system; the temporary sinking system includes a fixed pulley, and the fixed pulley is suspended on the lower surface of the first floor platform through a wire rope in a herringbone shape; the single-side sliding gangue system is arranged on the first floor platform; The system is set on the outer wall of the well tower frame, and the auxiliary chute hook gangue system is located at the middle height between the first floor platform and the ground; Preferably, the fixed pulley is a 20t fixed pulley. 5. A parallel construction system for well tower main body construction, shaft excavation, and freezing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the shaft pouring system includes a sky pulley suspended by a compressed air pipe, and the suspended air wheel by the compressed air pipe The sky wheel is set on the right side of the center of the second-floor platform, and the air pressure pipe suspension sky wheel is connected with the air pressure pipe guide sky wheel through a steel wire rope, and the air pressure pipe guide sky wheel is located on the second floor. The rightmost end of the platform; the suspension sky wheel of the pressure air pipe is provided with a drainage pipe suspension sky wheel at a plane symmetrical to the center line of the second floor platform, and the suspension sky wheel of the drainage pipe passes through the steel wire rope It is connected with a drainage pipe guiding sky wheel, and the drainage pipe guiding sky wheel is arranged at the leftmost end of the second-floor platform. 6. A parallel construction system for well tower main body construction, shaft excavation, and freezing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the shaft pouring system further includes a double-layer hanging pan, and the double-layer hanging pan is suspended by a wire rope In the well shaft, a hanging plate is provided on the inner wall of the well shaft to pass through the chute, so that the double-layer hanging pan can move up and down; the upper end of the well shaft is also provided with a sealing plate, and the sealing plate is a pancake disc with through holes. 7. A kind of well tower main body construction as claimed in claim 1 and shaft digging, freezing parallel construction system, is characterized in that, freezing system also comprises freezing groove, and described freezing groove is annular; Said freezing The periphery of the groove is provided with supporting columns along the circumferential direction of the freezing groove, and a plurality of the supporting columns form a supporting system for supporting the outer wall of the freezing groove. 8. A kind of well tower main body construction as claimed in claim 1 and shaft digging, freezing parallel construction system, it is characterized in that, the outer wall of the well tower frame is also provided with a safety protection shed, the safety protection shed is The safety shed is in the shape of a hollow ring, and is located between the auxiliary chute hook gangue system and the first floor platform, and is used to provide a safety barrier for the lower working space. 9. A construction method of the well tower main body construction and shaft excavation and freezing parallel construction system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: Step 1, construction preparation and construction period budget: Freezing construction will be carried out after the frozen hole making, frozen trench and equipment installation. The budgeted construction period for the frozen construction is 60 days. While the frozen trench is installed, prepare for the excavation of the shaft and install the excavation equipment; the budgeted period for the installation of the excavation equipment is 31 days, the excavation and masonry construction will start after the installation of the excavation and masonry equipment is completed; Step 2, parallel construction of the well tower and the freezing project: After the freezing hole is completed, when excavating the foundation of the well tower, the method of layering and block excavation shall be adopted to reduce the uneven lateral soil stress, and the core soil around the frozen pipe shall be left to prevent mechanical damage; In the freezing construction plan, the well tower adopts the synovial film construction technology; at the same time as the synovial film construction of the well tower, the freezing station is constructed at the same time, and the freezing starts; the freezing station is set far from the wellhead, and the frozen brine required for freezing construction can be used in the main The freezing pipe is laid to the wellhead, leaving more space for the construction unit of the well tower and well shaft; when the foundation shear wall of the well tower is being constructed, the freezing project needs to be uninterrupted; The hole position of the frozen pipe should be reserved, and the main frozen pipe needs to be supported and reinforced; Step 3, parallel construction of the well tower, sinking and freezing: The 2-story well tower frame structure is constructed in advance, and the entire section is closed by laying steel beams and 50mm thick wooden boards, and guardrails and anti-falling nets are added around to form a safety protection shed to ensure the safety of the lower construction; Formwork, concrete pouring and other processes are under normal construction; the first floor platform is constructed synchronously to lift the skywheel platform for the winch, the skywheel beam and the hoisting skywheel are installed normally; before the lifting system of the two winches is formed, use the first floor platform to install the skywheel, The steel beam and the two 25t stabilizing vehicles on the ground are equipped with a temporary lifting and drainage system to form a shaft excavation system; the shaft excavation project must have construction space in three directions, and the design stabilization system occupies two directions in the east and west, and the south side is used for excavation. The gangue is built, and the north side is used for personnel to go up and down and transport materials; during the excavation and blasting, the construction personnel on the well tower stop working. 10. The construction method of the construction of the main body of the well tower as claimed in claim 9 and the parallel construction system of shaft excavation and laying, freezing, is characterized in that, in the step 2, during the construction of the well tower synovial film, except for the construction of the well tower itself In addition to the safety protection of high-altitude operations, the freezing trenches are completely sealed with steel plates thicker than 5mm, so as to prevent falling objects from dropping and leaking the frozen pipes in the freezing trenches, resulting in the loss of frozen brine.