CN108945306A - A kind of assembled improvement torpedo anchor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of assembled improvement torpedo anchor.It mainly include anchor head, anchor body unit, loaded ring I and loaded ring II.And several anchor fin I and anchor fin II are, it can be achieved that modularization, standardized production, reduce manufacturing cost, especially land and marine transportation cost.Work anchor hole site of the present invention can adjust along anchor body length direction and can realize along anchor body circumferential direction and rotate freely, it can be achieved that pull-out ultimate capacity optimizes.Its anchor body length and anchor body weight can be adjusted on demand, to meet under various complicated oceans geological conditions and all types of ocean platform requirement for bearing capacity.Its anchor fin can be installed on demand simultaneously, cast anchor the vertically arranged fluid stability requirement of body to meet different utilizing ocean current states.The present invention is also equipped with anchor hole in anchor tail portion in addition to the anchor hole that works, and facilitates the right angle setting of anchor, optimizes the recycling of anchor.The present invention has the characteristics that versatility, recuperability are strong, makes full use of resource, reduces production and application cost.

Description

An Assembled Improved Torpedo Anchor

technical field

The present invention relates to marine deep water anchor foundation.

Background technique

With the rapid development of my country's economy, the consumption of oil and gas resources is increasing rapidly, and the exploitation of oil and gas is gradually moving from shallow sea to deep sea. The exploitation of offshore deepwater oil and gas resources has high requirements on oil platforms and platform anchoring foundations. For the comprehensive consideration of cost and efficiency, most deep-water mooring systems adopt taut-leg or semi-taut leg mooring instead of traditional catenary mooring. Different from catenary mooring, tensioned or semi-tensioned mooring requires the anchor foundation to have a large oblique uplift capacity (that is, both vertical and horizontal uplift capacity components). At present, the widely used deepwater anchor foundations mainly include suction anchors, normal load-bearing anchors, suction penetration plate anchors, vibration deep buried anchors, and dynamic penetration anchors. Among them, the torpedo anchor is the latest form of deep-sea anchor foundation. It has outstanding features such as low cost, simple and efficient installation, and good anchoring performance. Moreover, the installation stage of the torpedo anchor does not need external force to be completed by its own weight, which overcomes the installation cost of traditional anchor foundations. The disadvantage of relying heavily on water depth is the most promising deep water anchor foundation at present.

Although the torpedo anchor has the above-mentioned many characteristics, there are still many deficiencies in the prior art:

1) Existing torpedo anchors are usually manufactured by the factory as a whole and then transported to the site for installation. Due to the large size of the anchor body (the length of the anchor body is about 12-17 meters, and the diameter is about 0.5-1.2 meters), its land and sea transportation costs are high.

2) The existing torpedo anchor only has a single anchor hole, and the position of the anchor hole is fixed and cannot be adjusted (in order to facilitate the installation and recovery of the anchor, the anchor hole is usually located at the tail end of the anchor, far away from the center of mass of the anchor body, so the anchor body can The obtained pull-out capacity is not optimal).

3) The weight and size of existing torpedo anchors need to be pre-designed and determined according to the geological conditions of the applied sea area and the bearing capacity requirements of the anchored offshore platform. When the application conditions change greatly, the torpedo anchor needs to be redesigned and manufactured, and the versatility is not strong enough, which is easy to cause waste of resources.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of assembled type improved torpedo anchor, it is characterized in that: assembled type improved torpedo anchor mainly comprises anchor head, several anchor body units, metal ring I and metal ring II, tail end connection part, some anchor fins I and several anchor fins II.

The lower end of the anchor head is a tip, and the upper end has a rod body with a diameter smaller than that of the main body; the upper part of the rod body is a threaded part, and the lower part is a cylinder without threads.

The upper end of the anchor unit has a rod with a diameter smaller than that of the main body. The upper part of the rod body is a threaded part, and the lower part is a cylinder without thread. The side wall of the anchor unit has several strip-shaped slots. The lower end of each bar-shaped slot passes through the lower end surface of the anchor unit. The upper end of each bar-shaped slot does not pass through the upper end surface of the anchor unit. The lower end surface of the anchor body unit has a threaded hole.

Several anchor body units are connected end to end by threads. The metal ring I includes a ring body and lugs on the outer wall of the ring body. The ring body is sleeved on the cylinder of one of the anchor body units.

The lower end of the tail end connecting portion has a connecting hole, and the upper end has a metal block. The metal block has an anchor hole. There are threads in the connecting hole.

The screw rod of the anchor head is screwed into the threaded hole of the lowermost anchor body unit.

The threaded portion of the uppermost anchor body unit is screwed into the connection hole of the tail end connection portion. The cylinder of the uppermost anchor unit also sinks into the connection hole.

Metal ring 1 can rotate freely.

The anchor chain I is sleeved on the anchor hole I. The anchor chain II is sleeved in the anchor hole II on the lug.

Further, the anchor body units above the metal ring 1 are all inserted into the anchor fins, and the anchor body units below the metal ring 1 are not inserted into the anchor fins. The anchor fin II is inserted into the bar-shaped slot of the anchor body unit immediately above the metal ring I. The fin portion of the anchor fin II is a right-angled trapezoid, and one side of the fin is a convex falcon that matches the bar-shaped slot.

Except the anchor body unit immediately above the metal ring 1, the anchor fins 1 are inserted into the bar-shaped draw-in slots of the rest of the anchor body units. The fin portion of the anchor fin 1 is rectangular, and one side of the fin is a convex falcon that cooperates with the bar-shaped draw-in groove.

Further, except for the uppermost anchor unit and the anchor unit covered with the metal ring I, the cylinders of the other anchor units and the cylinder of the anchor head are covered with the metal ring II.

Further, the anchor body units may not be connected by threads, but may be connected by through-bolts. The upper end of the anchor unit has a connecting cylinder. The connecting cylinder has through holes running through both sides thereof. The lower end of the anchor body unit has a connection hole. The anchor body unit has opposite through holes running through its two sides. The pair of through holes intersects with the connection hole.

When connecting, the connecting cylinder of one anchor body unit is inserted into the connection hole of the other anchor body unit. The piercing bolt passes through the piercing through hole and the through hole, and connects the two anchor body units.

Further, the bar-shaped slot is a dovetail slot, a T-shaped slot or an I-shaped slot.

Further, the main body of the anchor unit is a cylinder, and its interior is a cavity. Lead powder, iron powder, or fine sand are filled in the cavity to adjust the weight of the anchor body.

Further, the shape of the tip of the anchor head is cone, pyramid, oval or truncated oval.

It is worth noting that, compared with the prior art, the above-mentioned assembling-type improved torpedo anchor has an anchor body and an anchor wing that can be assembled; the length and weight of the anchor can be adjusted as required; there are two anchor holes, and the position and direction of one of the anchor holes are It can be adjusted to obtain the optimal value of bearing capacity and other characteristics. Its beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1. The present invention improves the existing integral torpedo anchor into an assembled torpedo anchor, which can realize modularization and standardized production, and reduce production and manufacturing costs, especially land and sea transportation costs.

2. The present invention is an assembled improved torpedo anchor, the position of the working anchor hole (anchor hole II) can be adjusted along the length direction of the anchor body. Since the pull-out bearing capacity of the torpedo anchor is negatively correlated with the distance between the working anchor hole and the center of mass of the anchor body, adjusting the position of the working anchor hole as close as possible to the center of mass can achieve the optimization of the pull-out bearing capacity.

3. The present invention is an assembled improved torpedo anchor, the working anchor hole of which can be freely rotated along the circumferential direction of the anchor body, thereby effectively avoiding the adverse effects of out-of-plane pulling loads.

4. The present invention is an assembled improved torpedo anchor. The length and weight of the anchor body can be adjusted according to the needs, so as to meet the bearing capacity requirements of various complex marine geological conditions and various types of offshore platforms, and overcome the traditional integral torpedo anchor. The lack of anchor versatility and easy waste of resources.

5. The present invention is an assembled improved torpedo anchor, the anchor fins of which can be installed as required, so as to meet the fluid stability requirements of the vertical installation of the anchor body under different ocean current conditions.

6. The present invention is an assembled improved torpedo anchor. In addition to the working anchor hole, the anchor tail is also equipped with an installation anchor hole (anchor hole I), which facilitates the vertical installation of the anchor and optimizes the recovery of the anchor (through the anchor hole at the anchor tail end). Implement recycling with least resistance).

7. The present invention is an assembled improved torpedo anchor, which has the characteristics of versatility and strong recyclability, fully utilizes resources, and reduces production and use costs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a traditional integral torpedo anchor;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of traditional integral torpedo anchor two;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of torpedo anchor of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the anchor body unit of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of anchor fins;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the anchor fin and the anchor body unit; that is, the A-A, B-B, C-C sectional views of the anchor body unit in Fig. 4, and the D-D direction view, wherein: A-A is a sectional view with a bar-shaped slot (insert the fin ), B-B is a cross-sectional view with a bar-shaped slot (no fins inserted), C-C is a cross-sectional view at the top without slots; D-D is a projection of the lower end surface;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the anchor body unit in embodiment 1;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the anchor body unit in embodiment 2;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the tail end connection;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of metal ring 1;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of metal ring II;

Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of anchor heads of different shapes (from left to right: conical, oval, pyramidal, truncated oval);

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the position of the loading ring I of the present invention;

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a finite element model of a torpedo anchor;

Figure 15 is a comparison diagram of the bearing capacity calculated by the CEL method when the loading ring is located at different positions of the anchor body;

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of installation of the present invention.

In the figure: anchor head (1), screw rod (101), anchor body unit (2), bar-shaped card slot (201), threaded part (202), cylinder (203), threaded hole (205), connecting hole ( 206), through hole (2061), connecting cylinder (207), through hole (2071), through bolt (22); anchor chain I (4), working anchor chain II (5), metal ring I (6) , ring body (601), lug (602), anchor hole II (6021), metal ring II (7), tail end connection part (8), anchor hole I (801), connection hole (802), anchor wing Sheet I (9), anchor fin II (10), assembled improved torpedo anchor (100), ship (200), seabed plane (300).

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the examples, but it should not be understood that the scope of the subject of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Without departing from the above-mentioned technical ideas of the present invention, various replacements and changes made according to common technical knowledge and conventional means in this field shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

An assembled improved torpedo anchor is characterized in that: the assembled improved torpedo anchor 100 mainly includes an anchor head 1, several anchor body units 2, a metal ring 16, a tail end connecting portion 8, several anchor fins 19 and several anchor fins II10.

The lower end of the anchor head 1 is a tip, and the upper end has a rod body with a diameter smaller than that of the main body; the upper part of the rod body is a threaded part 101 , and the lower part is a cylinder 102 without thread. The shape of the tip of the anchor head 1 is cone, pyramid, oval or truncated oval.

The main body of the anchor unit 2 is a cylinder with a cavity inside. The upper end of the anchor unit 2 has a rod with a diameter smaller than that of the main body. The upper part of the rod body is a threaded part 202 , and the lower part is a cylinder 203 without thread. The side wall of the anchor unit 2 has several bar-shaped slots 201 . The notch at the lower end of each bar-shaped locking groove 201 is on the lower end surface of the anchor unit 2 . The upper end of each strip-shaped locking groove 201 does not pass through the upper end surface of the anchor unit 2 . The lower end surface of the anchor unit 2 has a threaded hole.

Several anchor body units 2 are connected end to end by threads. The metal ring I6 includes a ring body 601 and lugs 602 on the outer wall of the ring body 601 . The ring body 601 is sleeved on the cylinder body 203 of one of the anchor body units 2 . The anchor body unit 2 above the metal ring 16 must be inserted into the anchor fins, but the anchor fins are not inserted below the metal ring 16. The bar-shaped slot 201 is a dovetail slot, a T-shaped slot or an I-shaped slot.

The lower end of the tail connecting portion 8 has a connecting hole 802 and an upper end has a metal block. There is an anchor hole I801 on the metal block. The connecting hole 802 has threads inside.

The upper threaded part 101 of the shaft of the anchor head 1 is screwed into the threaded hole 205 of the lowermost anchor body unit 2 .

The threaded part 202 of the uppermost anchor body unit 2 is screwed into the connection hole 802 of the tail end connection part 8 . The cylinder 203 of the uppermost anchor unit 2 also sinks into the connection hole 802 .

The anchor fin II10 is inserted into the bar-shaped slot 201 of the anchor body unit 2 above the metal ring I6. The fin portion of the anchor fin II10 is a right-angled trapezoid, and one side of the fin is a convex falcon that fits into the bar-shaped slot 201 .

Except for the anchor body unit 2 above the metal ring I6, the anchor fins I9 are inserted into the bar-shaped slots 201 of the other anchor body units 2. The fin portion of the anchor fin 19 is rectangular, and one side of the fin is a convex falcon that matches the bar-shaped slot 201 .

The metal ring I6 can rotate freely.

The anchor chain I4 is sleeved on the anchor hole I801. The anchor chain II5 is sleeved in the anchor hole II6021 on the lug 602 .

Except the uppermost anchor body unit 2 and the anchor body unit 2 covered with the metal ring I6, the cylinder body 203 of the other anchor body units 2 and the cylinder body 102 of the anchor head 1 are covered with the metal ring II7.

Example 2:

The main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that another connection method is adopted. That is, the anchor body units 2 are connected by piercing bolts 22 instead of threaded connections. The upper end of the anchor unit 2 has a connecting cylinder 207 . The connecting cylinder 207 has a through hole 2071 passing through two sides thereof. The lower end of the anchor unit 2 has a connecting hole 206 . The anchor unit 2 has through-holes 2061 running through its two sides. The pair of through holes 2061 are connected to the connection hole 206 .

When connecting, the connecting cylinder 207 of one anchor unit 2 is inserted into the connecting hole 206 of the other anchor unit 2 . The piercing bolts 22 pass through the piercing holes 2061 and 2071 to connect the two anchor units 2 .

Example 3:

The schematic diagram of using the assembled improved torpedo anchor 100 of the present invention is shown in FIG. 16 . The anchor chain is divided into an anchor chain I4 and an anchor chain II5, both of which are connected with the metal ring I6 and the tail end connecting part 8 respectively. During installation, the torpedo anchor is hoisted to the design height by the anchor chain I4 and released to allow it to fall freely and vertically into the water. The assembled improved torpedo anchor 100 penetrates into the soil at the seabed level 300 under the action of its own weight and the kinetic energy obtained by free falling in the water. Finally complete the torpedo installation process. After the installation is completed, the torpedo anchor enters the working stage immediately. At this time, the ocean platform is connected to the anchor hole II 6021 on the metal ring I 6 of the torpedo anchor through the anchor chain II5. In order to obtain the optimal bearing capacity, the metal ring I 6 should be as close as possible to the center of mass of the anchor body. After the work of the improved torpedo anchor 100 is finished, unclamp the working anchor chain II5, and use the anchor chain I4 to pull out the torpedo anchor for recovery.

test:

Referring to Figures 13 and 14, a (foilless) assembled improved torpedo anchor 100 is used as in the embodiment. The total length of the anchor body is L, and it is composed of five anchor body units 2 connected to each other. The tail end connecting parts 8 are connected, the anchor hole I is marked as point A, and the connection between the anchor body unit 2 and the anchor head 1 at the lowest end is marked as point F. The metal ring I 6 can be at points B～F, that is, the metal ring I 6 can be close to 1/5 (B point), 2/5 (C point), 3/5 (D point) and 4/5 (E point) and the lower end of the anchor body (point F).

In order to verify the assembled improved torpedo anchor 100 involved in this embodiment, the coupled Euler-Lagrangian (Coupled Eulerian Lagrangian, referred to as CEL) large deformation finite element calculation tool in the ABAQUS finite element software is used to carry out simulation calculations to verify the improved Compared with the traditional integral torpedo anchor, the pull-out bearing capacity of the torpedo anchor 100 is improved. The ABAQUS software is used to establish six finite element models, and the pulling action points are respectively located at (points A to F, as shown in Figure 14). The finite element model with the pulling action point at point A corresponds to the traditional integral torpedo anchor .

For the above six finite element models, CEL calculations were carried out under the same conditions for comparative analysis. The calculation conditions are listed in Table 1 in detail. Fig. 15 shows the displacement-bearing capacity curves of torpedo anchors with the pulling action points located at A-F respectively. Numerical simulation calculation results show that: when the pulling action point is located at point A at the end of the anchor (that is, the location of the pulling anchor hole of the traditional integral torpedo anchor), the pulling capacity of the torpedo anchor is 1622KN. When the pulling action point is located at the B-F position of the anchor body, the pulling capacity of the torpedo anchors is 1920KN, 2560KN, 3678KN, 2574KN, 1970KN respectively. The calculation results show that when the pullout action point is located at point D near the center of mass of the anchor body, the maximum pullout bearing capacity is 3678KN. Compared with the pull-out bearing capacity of point A, point D is 127% higher. In other words, under the condition of consistent anchor weight and size, the assembled improved torpedo anchor in the working stage can be improved by about 127% compared with the traditional integral torpedo anchor. Considering that the anchor weight and size of the assembled improved torpedo anchor can also be adjusted, this improvement can be even higher. In the recovery stage, since the assembled improved torpedo anchor adopts a double anchor hole design, the recovery resistance is consistent with that of the traditional integral torpedo anchor.

Table 1: List of CEL calculation parameters

Claims (7)

1. a kind of assembled improves torpedo anchor, it is characterised in that: it mainly includes the anchor head that assembled, which improves torpedo anchor (100), (1), several anchor body units (2), becket I (6), tail end interconnecting piece (8), several anchor fin I (9) and several anchor fin II (10)；

Anchor head (1) lower end is tip, the body of rod that there is a diameter to be less than main part for upper end；The top portion of the body of rod It point is that threaded portion (101), part on the lower do not have threaded cylindrical body (102)；

The body of rod that there is a diameter to be less than main part for the upper end of the anchor body unit (2)；The top part of the body of rod is Threaded portion (202), part on the lower do not have threaded cylindrical body (203)；The side wall of the anchor body unit (2) has several bar shapeds Card slot (201)；The lower end surface of lower end perforation anchor body unit (2) of each strip-shaped clamp groove (201)；Each strip-shaped clamp groove (201) upper end and it is not penetrated the upper surfaces of anchor body unit (2)；The lower end surface of the anchor body unit (2) has a threaded hole (205)；

Several anchor body units (2) are end to end by screw thread；The becket I (6) includes ring body (601), and in ring body (601) trunnion (602) on lateral wall；The ring body (601) covers the cylindrical body (203) of an anchor body unit (2) wherein On；

The lower end of the tail end interconnecting piece (8) has a metal block with connecting hole (802), upper end；Have on the metal block One anchor hole I (801)；There is screw thread in the connecting hole (802)；

The screw rod (101) of the anchor head (1) screws in the threaded hole (205) of that anchor body unit (2) of the lowermost；

The threaded portion (202) of that anchor body unit (2) of the top screws in the connecting hole (802) of tail end interconnecting piece (8)；It is most upper The cylindrical body (203) of that anchor body unit (2) at end is also sunk in connecting hole (802)；

Becket I (6) can be rotated freely；

The anchor chain I (4) covers on anchor hole I (801)；The anchor chain II (5) covers the anchor hole II (6021) on trunnion (602) In.

2. a kind of assembled according to claim 1 improves torpedo anchor, it is characterised in that: the anchor body above becket I (6) Unit (2) will be inserted into anchor fin, and all be not inserted into anchor fin below becket I (6)；That above adjacent metal ring I (6) In the strip-shaped clamp groove (201) of anchor body unit (2), it is inserted into anchor fin II (10)；The fin part of the anchor fin II (10) is straight Angle is trapezoidal, and the side of fin is the convex falcon with strip-shaped clamp groove (201) cooperation；

Other than that anchor body unit (2) above adjacent metal ring I (6), the strip-shaped clamp groove (201) of remaining anchor body unit (2) In, it is inserted into anchor fin I (9)；The fin part of the anchor fin I (9) is rectangle, and the side of fin is and strip-shaped clamp groove (201) The convex falcon of cooperation.

3. a kind of assembled according to claim 1 or 2 improves torpedo anchor, it is characterised in that: in addition to the anchor body of the top Unit (2) and the anchor body unit (2) for being cased with becket I (6), the cylindrical body (203) of remaining anchor body unit (2) and anchor head (1) Becket II (7) are cased on cylindrical body (102).

4. a kind of assembled according to claim 1 or 3 improves torpedo anchor, it is characterised in that: the anchor body unit (2) it Between use to wear bolt (22) connection；The upper end of the anchor body unit (2) has connecting cylinder (207)；The connecting cylinder (207) there is the through-hole (2071) through its two sides；The lower end of the anchor body unit (2) has connecting hole (206)；The anchor body Unit (2) has through its two sides to reach through hole (2061)；It is described that reach through hole (2061) and connecting hole (206) are mutually passed through；

When connection, the connecting cylinder (207) of an anchor body unit (2) is inserted into the connecting hole (206) of another anchor body unit (2) In；It wears bolt (22) for described pair to pass through to reach through hole (2061) and through-hole (2071), connects two anchor body units (2).

5. a kind of assembled according to claim 1 or 3 improves torpedo anchor, it is characterised in that: the strip-shaped clamp groove (201) It is dovetail groove, T-slot or I-shaped slot.

6. a kind of assembled according to claim 1 or 3 improves torpedo anchor, it is characterised in that: the anchor body unit (2) Main part is cylindrical body, and internal is cavity；Filling lead powder, iron powder or fine sand in the cavity.

7. a kind of assembled according to claim 1 or 3 improves torpedo anchor, it is characterised in that: the pointed shape of anchor head (1) For cone, pyramid, it is oval or cut it is oval.