CN108944033B - Printing apparatus and printing method - Google Patents
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- CN108944033B CN108944033B CN201711010198.1A CN201711010198A CN108944033B CN 108944033 B CN108944033 B CN 108944033B CN 201711010198 A CN201711010198 A CN 201711010198A CN 108944033 B CN108944033 B CN 108944033B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
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- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J11/00—Devices or arrangements of selective printing mechanisms, e.g. ink-jet printers or thermal printers, for supporting or handling copy material in sheet or web form
- B41J11/0015—Devices or arrangements of selective printing mechanisms, e.g. ink-jet printers or thermal printers, for supporting or handling copy material in sheet or web form for treating before, during or after printing or for uniform coating or laminating the copy material before or after printing
- B41J11/002—Curing or drying the ink on the copy materials, e.g. by heating or irradiating
- B41J11/0022—Curing or drying the ink on the copy materials, e.g. by heating or irradiating using convection means, e.g. by using a fan for blowing or sucking air
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J11/00—Devices or arrangements of selective printing mechanisms, e.g. ink-jet printers or thermal printers, for supporting or handling copy material in sheet or web form
- B41J11/0015—Devices or arrangements of selective printing mechanisms, e.g. ink-jet printers or thermal printers, for supporting or handling copy material in sheet or web form for treating before, during or after printing or for uniform coating or laminating the copy material before or after printing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
- H10K71/12—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating
- H10K71/13—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating using printing techniques, e.g. ink-jet printing or screen printing
- H10K71/135—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating using printing techniques, e.g. ink-jet printing or screen printing using ink-jet printing
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the printing apparatus and the printing method. The printing device comprises a printing mechanism and a vacuum drying mechanism, wherein the printing mechanism comprises a printing head and a movement driving device, and the printing head is connected with the movement driving device and can be driven by the movement driving device to move; the vacuum drying mechanism is provided with an air exhaust port, is connected with the mobile driving device and can be driven by the mobile driving device to synchronously move with the printing head so as to realize step-by-step vacuum drying of the printed ink. The printing device can improve the uniformity of final film formation, greatly shorten the whole printing process, reduce the production cost, improve the printing production efficiency, increase the device manufacturing yield and enhance the device performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of display production equipment, in particular to a printing device and a printing method.
Background
With the gradual development of display technology, devices such as O L ED and the like are paid attention to by all parties due to excellent display performance, the conventional evaporation method for manufacturing the light-emitting devices such as O L ED and the like has the problems of low material utilization rate, ultra-fine mask requirement and the like, and high production cost is caused, and in order to further reduce the production cost of the light-emitting devices such as O L ED and the like, the printing process can be adopted for manufacturing the devices such as O L ED and the like.
Generally, after the functional material ink is printed once, the functional material ink is dried and formed into a film by Vacuum Dry (VD) technology, however, the one-time Vacuum drying process has the following problems:
(1) the whole drying process is complex and the efficiency is low. This is because most light emitting devices require a plurality of printing processes of different functional material inks, that is, a plurality of vacuum drying and vacuum breaking printing processes, which obviously increases the number of manufacturing processes.
(2) The process of one-time vacuum drying after printing is easy to cause uneven film formation in the manufacturing of medium and large display panels. This is because there is a large difference in vapor pressure easily over a large-scale printed pattern, and this causes a problem that the film formation of pixels in the edge area of the pattern is extremely uneven and mura (color halo) is formed. This not only results in a reduction in the performance of the light emitting device, but also makes the product less competitive.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a printing apparatus and a printing method capable of improving film formation uniformity and production efficiency.
A printing device is used for manufacturing a light-emitting device and comprises a printing mechanism and a vacuum drying mechanism;
the printing mechanism comprises a printing head and a movement driving device, the printing head is connected with the movement driving device, and the printing head can be driven by the movement driving device to move so as to realize step-by-step ink-jet printing;
the vacuum drying mechanism is provided with an air exhaust port and is used for being connected with an air exhaust device, the vacuum drying mechanism is connected with the mobile driving device, and the vacuum drying mechanism can be driven by the mobile driving device to synchronously move with the printing head so as to perform stepping vacuum drying on the ink which is just printed.
In one embodiment, the printing device further comprises an air shower mechanism;
the air shower mechanism is provided with an air inlet and is used for being connected with an air supply source, the air shower mechanism is located between the printing head and the vacuum drying mechanism, and the air shower mechanism is connected with the mobile driving device and can be driven by the mobile driving device and synchronously move the printing head to compensate air flow pumped away by the vacuum drying mechanism.
In one embodiment, the air shower mechanism is arranged close to the vacuum drying mechanism.
In one embodiment, the installation height of the air showering mechanism is the same as that of the vacuum drying mechanism.
In one embodiment, the air inlets are multiple; and/or the pumping openings are multiple.
In one embodiment, the vacuum drying mechanism has a mounting height greater than a mounting height of the nozzles of the printhead.
In one embodiment, the width of the vacuum drying mechanism is not less than 1.5 times the width of the print head; and/or the length of the vacuum drying mechanism is greater than the width of the vacuum drying mechanism.
In one embodiment, the printing device further comprises a workbench for placing the workpiece to be processed, and the workbench is arranged below the printing head.
In one embodiment, a vacuum sucker is arranged on the workbench; and/or
The printing device further comprises a rotary driving device, the workbench is connected with the rotary driving device, and the workbench can be driven to rotate by the rotary driving device.
A method of printing comprising the steps of:
and performing step-by-step ink-jet printing on the workpiece to be processed, and in the process of ink-jet printing, moving the vacuum drying mechanism along the moving direction of the printing head and performing step-by-step vacuum drying on the functional ink which is just printed.
The printing device comprises a printing mechanism and a vacuum drying mechanism, wherein the printing mechanism comprises a printing head and a moving driving device, the printing head is connected with the moving driving device, the printing head can be driven by the moving driving device to move so as to realize step-by-step ink-jet printing, the vacuum drying mechanism is provided with an air extraction opening, the vacuum drying mechanism is used for being connected with an air extraction device so as to remove a solvent volatilized by ink in the printing process, the vacuum drying mechanism is connected with the moving driving device and can synchronously move with the printing head so as to perform step-by-step vacuum drying on the ink which is just printed, when the printing device is adopted to print and manufacture O L ED and other devices, the simultaneous performance of ink-jet printing and vacuum drying can be realized, namely, the simultaneous performance of ink-jet printing and the vacuum pre-drying can be realized, and the:
(1) the printing device can greatly shorten the whole printing process, reduce the process flow number, reduce the process complexity, reduce the production cost and improve the printing production efficiency.
(2) Because the vacuum drying process is carried out in a stepping mode immediately following the ink-jet printing process, the printing device can eliminate the concentration difference of the solvent steam at the edge position and the central position of the substrate, further avoid the phenomenon that the large-size substrate waits for the uneven film formation of the edge of a machined part, and improve the uniformity of final film formation.
(3) Particularly, under the condition that the quantity of the printed ink on the substrate is large, the adoption of the printing device for the stepping vacuum drying mode can effectively reduce the volume of the ink in the pixel pit, thereby reducing the vapor pressure difference on the whole plate surface of a workpiece to be processed on the substrate, reducing the fluidity of the ink before the ink is completely dried, being beneficial to the uniformity of final film forming and reducing the generation of mura.
(4) Compared with the traditional mode of carrying out one-time vacuum drying again after one-time printing, the method has the advantages that the vacuum drying process is carried out in a stepping mode along with the ink-jet printing process, so that most of the solvent in the printed ink can be extracted in time, and the pollution of solvent volatilization to the environment in the printing process is reduced.
(5) Compared with the vacuum drying equipment adopted in the one-time vacuum drying process, the printing device can reduce the requirement on the vacuum drying equipment, namely the requirement on the vacuum degree is lower, the equipment cost can be reduced, and the printing production efficiency is improved.
(6) The printing device can realize that the substrate does not move in the printing process, realizes the process of step-by-step drying film forming by means of synchronous movement of the vacuum drying mechanism and the printing head, can further avoid mura caused by ink flow in the pixel pit when the substrate is transferred for multiple times, further improves the uniformity of final film forming, and improves the film forming quality.
Furthermore, the printing device also comprises an air shower mechanism which is used for providing air flow, supplementing the air flow pumped away by the vacuum drying mechanism and maintaining the balance and stability of the atmosphere environment above the workbench. In the ink-jet printing and drying processes, the vacuum drying mechanism and the air spraying mechanism can be matched, the air pressure in the whole printing process is maintained to be stable, the film forming quality can be further ensured and improved, the requirement on vacuum drying equipment can be reduced, the film forming effect is improved and optimized, the device manufacturing yield is increased, and the device performance is enhanced.
The printing method performs stepping vacuum drying on the printed ink while performing ink jet printing, namely, the printed ink is subsequently moved to a vacuum drying mechanism at the position to perform drying treatment in the same position. This mode of printing while drying can accomplish the inkjet of whole base plate and print the back, can accomplish the predrying process of whole base plate almost in step, shortens whole printing drying process greatly. The stepping printing and drying mode can reduce pollution caused by volatilization of printing solvents, is similar to the way that a large-size substrate is decomposed into a plurality of small substrates to be dried, can reduce the steam pressure difference of different parts on the substrate, and improves the uniformity of film formation. Meanwhile, in the whole printing process, the printing method can realize that the substrate waits for the processed piece not to move, the stepping type drying film forming process is realized by the vacuum drying mechanism along with the movement of the printing head, the printed ink is basically dried after the printing is finished, and then the printed substrate is transferred and subsequently processed, so that mura caused by the ink flow in the subsequent pixel transfer is reduced, and the uniformity of final film forming is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an angle of a printing apparatus according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the printing apparatus of FIG. 1 at another angle;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a state of a process of printing by the printing apparatus of FIG. 1 according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a state of a process of printing by the printing apparatus of FIG. 1 in example 2.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a printing apparatus 10 according to an embodiment includes a table 100, a printing mechanism 200, a vacuum drying mechanism 300, and an air shower mechanism 400.
In the present embodiment, the table 100 is used for placing the workpiece to be processed, and when the product to be processed is a device such as O L ED, Q L ED, or the like, the workpiece to be processed may be a substrate.
In the present embodiment, the vacuum suction is preferably provided on the table 100. Specifically, the peripheral portion for placing the substrate on the worktable 100 is provided with a vacuum sucker for fixing the substrate, and the fixing mode is not affected by external air flow, so that the substrate can be stably fixed. The shape of the table 100 may be not limited, such as a rectangular parallelepiped shape or the like. In other embodiments, other methods, such as clamping, may be used to fix the substrate waiting for processing.
In the present embodiment, the printing apparatus 10 further includes a rotation driving device (not shown) capable of driving the table 100 to rotate. The rotational drive can facilitate nozzles on the printhead 210 to correspond precisely to pixel pits on the substrate. In other embodiments, the rotational driving means for driving the stage 100 to rotate may not be provided when the print head 210 is capable of moving and achieving accurate correspondence with pixel pits on the substrate. However, the provision of the rotary driving device for driving the rotation of the table 100 is more advantageous for other operations such as subsequent transfer of the substrate in terms of convenience of operation. The rotation driving means may include a rotation shaft connected to the table 100, a motor driving the rotation shaft to rotate, and the like.
In the present embodiment, the printing mechanism 200 includes a print head 210 and a movement driving device.
Specifically, the print head 210 has nozzles, and the ink ejection area 211 of the print head 210 is disposed corresponding to the object placing surface of the table 100. A print head 210 is disposed above the table 100, and the print head 210 is connected to an ink inlet tube 220 for continuously supplying ink to the print head 210. The print head 210 is disposed on the moving driving device, and the print head 210 can be driven by the moving driving device to perform fixed-point ink ejection on a workpiece such as a substrate.
The movement driving means includes a movement support 250 and a driving means (not shown) for driving the movement support 250 to move. The print head 210 is disposed on the moving support 250.
In this embodiment, the vacuum drying mechanism 300 is connected to the moving support 250, and the vacuum drying mechanism 300 is used for the suction device connection. The vacuum drying mechanism 300 can be driven by the movement driving device to move synchronously with the printing head 210 so as to realize step-by-step vacuum drying of the printed ink, namely, vacuum pre-drying while ink-jet printing. The vacuum drying mechanism 300 and the print head 210 are both provided on the moving support 250, which can simplify the apparatus structure, save space, and facilitate the operation. The vacuum drying mechanism 300 is provided with a plurality of pumping holes and a pumping pipeline 320 respectively communicated with the plurality of pumping holes, and the pumping pipeline 320 is used for being connected with a pumping device. As indicated by the dashed arrows in fig. 1, the bleed openings are used to remove solvent that is volatilized from the ink during printing. In fact, the number of the pumping openings may be one, twenty, fifty, eighty, two hundred, etc., as long as the requirement for pre-drying or drying of ink of different areas can be satisfied.
In other embodiments, when the vacuum drying mechanism 300 and the print head 210 do not need to move synchronously, a movement driving device may be separately provided for the vacuum drying mechanism 300, so as to realize separate regulation and control of the movement speeds of the vacuum drying mechanism 300 and the print head 210.
In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the vacuum drying mechanism 300 is installed at a height greater than that of the nozzles of the print head 210. Further, the width of the effective vacuum drying region of the vacuum drying mechanism 300 is WVD，WVDIs larger than the printing width W of the print head 210IJP. Further, in order to ensure the vacuum drying effect, the effective pumping range of the vacuum drying mechanism 300 is wideDegree not less than 1.5 times width of print head, length of vacuum drying LVDMay be slightly larger than the width of vacuum drying, and in order to ensure effective vacuum drying area range, 3W may be adoptedVD≥LVD≥2WVD。
In addition, in order to avoid the influence of the vacuum drying mechanism 300 on the ink jetting angle of the nozzles of the print head 210 during air suction, the vacuum drying mechanism 300 needs to be kept at a certain distance from the workpiece to be processed, for the O L ED device, the height of the vacuum drying mechanism 300 from the workbench 100 can be adjusted to 3 cm..
Further, the pumping speed of the vacuum drying mechanism 300 is controllable. The amount of pumping speed depends on the volume of ink printed and the nature of the solvent system. If the volume of the printing ink is larger and the boiling point is higher, the pumping speed of the vacuum drying mechanism 300 is set to be higher.
In this embodiment, the air shower mechanism 400 is disposed on the moving support 250 between the print head 210 and the vacuum drying mechanism 300. The air shower mechanism 400 is used to move in synchronization with the print head 210 to compensate for the air flow drawn by the vacuum drying mechanism 300.
Further, the air shower mechanism 400 and the vacuum drying mechanism 300 are installed at the same height, i.e. located on the same horizontal plane, and the distance between the air shower mechanism and the workbench 100 is not less than the distance between the nozzle of the print head 210 and the workbench 100. Preferably, the height range of the air shower mechanism 400 from the substrate is 2-4 mm. Further, the air shower mechanism 300 is slightly disposed toward the vacuum drying mechanism 300, so as to further reduce the influence of the air flow on the ink ejection stability of the print head 210.
In this embodiment, the air shower mechanism 400 is provided with a plurality of air inlets corresponding to the placement surface of the worktable 100, the air shower mechanism 400 is connected to an air supply source through an air supply line 420, and is configured to provide an air flow to compensate the solvent gas pumped by the vacuum drying mechanism 300 and maintain the atmosphere above the substrate balanced, the air supply source is preferably an inert gas that does not react with the ink, such as high-purity nitrogen, and the like, the air flow of the air shower mechanism 400 is controllable, for an O L ED material system, nitrogen is preferably used as the air supply of the air shower mechanism 400, which is beneficial to reducing the attenuation of the device performance and the lifetime, the number of the air inlets may be adjusted as needed, such as one, twenty, fifty, and one hundred, and the air flow may be adjusted to the same air pumping speed as the vacuum drying mechanism 300 when performing ED processing on devices such as O L.
It is understood that, in other embodiments, in order to reduce the pollution of the solvent volatilization in the ink to the workshop during the printing process, the whole printing device 10 can be enclosed into a sealable system through a partition plate, so as to further improve the quality of the product, prolong the service life of an air extractor and the like, save the supply of the air source, and avoid the damage to the human body.
When the printing device 10 is used for manufacturing the light-emitting device, the following advantages are provided: (1) the synchronous pre-vacuum drying treatment is carried out on the printed ink, so that the whole printing process can be greatly shortened, the process flow number and the process complexity can be reduced, the production cost can be reduced, and the printing production efficiency can be improved; (2) because the vacuum drying process is carried out in a stepping manner following the ink-jet printing process, the printing device 10 of the embodiment can eliminate the concentration difference of the solvent steam at the edge part and the central position of the substrate, further avoid the phenomenon that the large-size substrate waits for the edge of a machined part to form a film unevenly, improve the uniformity of the final film formation, improve and optimize the film formation effect, and achieve the effects of increasing the manufacturing yield of devices and enhancing the device effect; (3) for the situation that the quantity of ink to be printed on the substrate is large, the adoption of the printing device 10 of the embodiment to carry out the stepping vacuum drying mode can effectively reduce the volume of the ink in the pixel pit, thereby reducing the vapor pressure difference on the whole surface of the substrate waiting for a workpiece, reducing the fluidity of the ink before the ink is completely dried, further being beneficial to the uniformity of final film forming and reducing the generation of mura; (4) compared with the traditional mode of performing one-time vacuum drying after one-time printing, the method has the advantages that as the vacuum drying process is performed in a stepping manner following the ink-jet printing process, most of the solvent in the printed ink can be extracted in time, and the pollution of solvent volatilization to the environment is reduced; (5) compared with the vacuum drying equipment adopted in the one-time vacuum drying process, the printing device 10 of the embodiment can reduce the requirement on the vacuum drying equipment, namely, the requirement on the vacuum degree is lower, the equipment cost can be reduced, and the printing production efficiency can be improved.
A method of printing comprising the steps of: and step-by-step ink-jet printing is carried out on the workpiece to be processed which is arranged on the workbench, the vacuum drying mechanism moves along the moving direction of the printing head while the ink-jet printing is carried out, and the step-by-step vacuum drying is carried out on the printed ink. The stepping vacuum drying printing method can remarkably reduce and reduce the printing process, reduce the production cost, improve the printing production efficiency, simultaneously can pre-dry or dry the ink to the maximum extent, reduce the fluidity of the ink, is favorable for the uniformity of final film forming, and improves the performance of devices.
Specifically, printing can be performed by using the printing apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, and the printing method includes the steps of:
the substrate to be printed is placed on the workbench 100, the substrate is fixed by vacuum suction, ink is jetted and printed in the pixel pits passing through the substrate by the printing head 210, and the vacuum drying mechanism 300, the air shower mechanism 400 and the printing head 210 synchronously move under the drive of the moving drive device and perform stepping vacuum drying on the printed ink.
The printing method performs step-by-step vacuum drying on the printed ink while performing ink-jet printing, namely, drying while printing; the just printed ink is subsequently moved to the vacuum drying mechanism 300 at this position to perform the drying process in the same position. During the drying process, the air shower mechanism 400 between the vacuum drying mechanism 300 and the print head 210 sprays N2The air flow supplements the air flow of the solvent drawn by the vacuum drying mechanism 300, and maintains the air pressure of the entire printing apparatus 10 stable. Thus, after the printing mechanism 200 completes the ink-jet printing of the whole substrate, the pre-drying process of the whole substrate is almost completed synchronously, and the whole printing process is greatly shortened. Such asThe stepping printing and drying mode reduces pollution caused by volatilization of printing solvents, similarly decomposes a large-size substrate into a plurality of small substrates for drying, reduces the pressure difference between the middle part and steam, and improves the uniformity of film formation. Meanwhile, in the whole printing process, the vacuum drying mechanism 300 and the air shower mechanism 400 move along with the movement of the printing head 210, the substrate to be printed is kept still, the printed ink is basically dried after printing is finished, and then the printed substrate is transferred and subsequently processed by mechanisms such as a thimble, a manipulator, a conveyor belt and the like, so that mura caused by ink flow in subsequent pixels is reduced, the uniformity of film forming is ensured, and the product performance is improved.
The following describes a process of setting parameters by using the printing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment, taking as an example that the print head 210 uses a Fujifilm Sapphire QS-256/10AAA head.
The number of nozzles in the Fujifilm Sapphire QS-256/10AAA showerhead was 256, and the distance between adjacent nozzles was 254 μm in order to completely eliminate the Cross talk effect (Cross talk) between nozzles the effective print area of the showerhead was (256 × 254)/1000 ≈ 65mm at the widest.
For safety reasons, the width of the drying zone of the vacuum drying mechanism 300 should not be less than 130 mm. The length of the drying zone of the vacuum drying means 300 should be between 130mm and 195 mm. The interval between the vacuum drying mechanism 300 and the spray head may be selected to be 3 cm.
Assuming that an O L ED device printing RGB SBS with 32 inch FHD of length: 4: 3 has a sub-pixel size of no more than 339 μm × 151 μm (containing BM and TFT regions), an ink ejection speed v of 6m/s, a head distance d from the substrate, d of 1.5mm, and a safety relief distance L of 20 μm, a single Fujifilm Sapphire QS-256/10AAA jet printing is used, the head traverse speed is:
the moving speed of the vacuum drying mechanism 300 is also equal to 80 mm/s.
The 32 inch unidirectional printing pass takes 6.1 seconds. Assuming that the reset and repositioning times are consistent with the one-way stroke and the second print pass can be completed, the total time of the two passes is 12.2 s. Because the distance between the nozzles is far greater than the distance between two adjacent sub-pixels, the substrate needs to rotate at a certain Angle (Rotating Angle), and the nozzles can be positioned above the pixel pits. Assuming that each nozzle corresponds to a row of pixels, the angle of rotation of the head is:
and 2 prints can be completed per reciprocating stroke, i.e. 256 × 2-512 sub-pixels, in order to print a complete screen, the number of strokes required is:
it takes 140.3s to complete the full-page printing under the single-jet printing conditions, about 2 minutes and 20s, it is seen that ideally, 2 minutes and 20s are required to print the functional layer such as HI L or HT L.
Ink is typically jetted into the pixel wells and the volume of flow changes as the liquid flows inside before completely drying. The liquid movement cannot be described by the classical mechanics formula. If the liquid is considered incompressible, the flow inside the liquid can be described by the Navier-Stoke fluid mechanics equation:
wherein ρ is the liquid density; v is the flow velocity; p is pressure;
represents the viscosity of the liquid; f represents the effect of other force fields on the liquid flow. The left side of the middle mark in the formula is the function of an inertia force field, wherein
Represents an unstable acceleration, and
is convective acceleration; the right side of the equal sign in the formula is a stress force field
The effect of the other force fields F is further divided into a pressure gradient component-
And viscosity component
In practice, the Navier-Stoke formula is complex to calculate and difficult to solve, so that the key factors of the formula can be amplified in proportion to research the factors influencing the liquid flow. After simplifying the original formula, there can be:
if the liquid flow is Q, the liquid surface flow distance is e, the average flow speed is v, the viscosity is η, and meanwhile
Representing the impulse provided per unit length in the direction of flow, then:
when the liquid is thinner, e can represent the thickness of the liquid, so the flow rates Q and e can be known3Proportional to viscosity η, and inversely proportional to viscosity.
When the liquid volatilizes rapidly, the viscosity of the liquid can be rapidly improved, the thickness of the liquid can be rapidly reduced, the problem of transverse movement of subsequent liquid is avoided, and the film forming nonuniformity in pixels is reduced.
The printing effect of the printing apparatus of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
EXAMPLE 1 printing of a small amount of ink in the Pixel pit
With reference to fig. 3, for a functional layer with a thin film thickness, for example, a material with a film thickness of about 20nm to 30nm is formed. Typically, within a sub-pixel, only 5 to 8 drops (80pl or less) of ink are required to be ejected from the printhead 210 at a rate of 10pl per drop, with a thin liquid surface. After the print head 210 prints, the ink falls into the pixel pits 3 defined by the pixel defining layer 2, is distributed and spread, and is vacuum-dried by moving the vacuum drying mechanism 300 to the area above the area.
At this time, since the amount of ink is small, the surface area thereof is large and the ink is easily volatilized, and the lateral flow of the ink in the pixel well 3 is small. As the vacuum drying mechanism 300 moves forward, the ink in the pixel pits 3 can be completely dried to form a film. After printing is finished, the drying and film forming process of the substrate 1 is also finished, and the substrate can directly enter an oven for further crosslinking and curing.
EXAMPLE 2 printing of a large amount of ink in the Pixel pit
Referring to fig. 4, for a functional layer with a thicker film thickness, for example, a material with a film thickness of about 40nm-80nm, generally, within 1 sub-pixel, 10 to 18 drops of ink are required for 10pl per drop of the print head 210, and the liquid surface is thicker, after the print head prints, the ink falls into the pixel pit 3 surrounded by the pixel defining layer 2, and is distributed and spread, at this time, the ink thickness is e1 and the viscosity is η 1, at this time, the ink lateral flow rate is Q1., and the lateral flow Q1 is very large because the ink is thicker, which easily causes uneven film formation of the ink.
Since the amount of ink is large, it is difficult to volatilize the ink. The ink in the pixel well 3 can be mostly dried to form a film during the advance of the vacuum drying mechanism 300.
After the vacuum drying mechanism 300 finishes traveling, the thickness of the ink remained in the pixel pit 3 is e2, the viscosity is η 2, the ink transverse flow rate is Q2, and after the stepping vacuum drying, e is1＞2e2；η1＞2η2。
Then
In this case, the amount of ink lateral flow is greatly reduced, and the problem of uneven film formation due to lateral flow can be avoided. After printing, the substrate 1 can directly enter an oven for material crosslinking and curing because of less solvent stock.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A printing device is used for manufacturing a light-emitting device and is characterized by comprising a printing mechanism and a vacuum drying mechanism;
the printing mechanism comprises a printing head and a movement driving device, the printing head is connected with the movement driving device, and the printing head can be driven by the movement driving device to move so as to realize step-by-step ink-jet printing;
the vacuum drying mechanism is provided with an air exhaust port and is used for being connected with an air exhaust device, the vacuum drying mechanism is connected with the mobile driving device, and the vacuum drying mechanism can be driven by the mobile driving device to synchronously move with the printing head so as to perform stepping vacuum drying on the ink which is just printed;
still including wind drenches the mechanism, wind drenches and is equipped with the air inlet in the mechanism, wind drenches the mechanism and is used for being connected with the air supply source, wind drenches the mechanism and is located beat printer head with between the vacuum drying mechanism, wind drench the mechanism with mobile drive device connects and can by mobile drive device drive with beat printer head synchronous motion in order to compensate by the air current that the vacuum drying mechanism took away.
2. The printing device according to claim 1, further comprising a workbench and a rotary driving device, wherein the workbench is arranged below the printing head and used for placing the workpiece to be processed, the workbench is connected with the rotary driving device, and the workbench can be driven by the rotary driving device to rotate.
3. The printing apparatus of claim 2, wherein said air shower mechanism is disposed proximate to said vacuum drying mechanism.
4. The printing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the air shower mechanism is installed at the same height as the vacuum drying mechanism.
5. A printing unit according to claim 2, wherein there are a plurality of said air inlets; and/or the pumping openings are multiple.
6. The printing apparatus of claim 1, wherein a mounting height of the vacuum drying mechanism is greater than a mounting height of a nozzle of the printhead.
7. The printing apparatus of claim 1, wherein a width of the vacuum drying mechanism is not less than 1.5 times a width of the print head; and/or the length of the vacuum drying mechanism is greater than the width of the vacuum drying mechanism.
8. A printing unit according to any of claims 2 to 5, wherein the printing unit is enclosed by a partition to form a sealable system.
9. A printing unit according to claim 8, wherein a vacuum is provided on the table.
10. A method of printing, comprising the steps of:
step-by-step ink-jet printing is carried out on the workpiece to be processed, the vacuum drying mechanism is made to move along the moving direction of the printing head in the ink-jet printing process, and the functional ink which is just printed is subjected to step-by-step vacuum drying; meanwhile, the air flow pumped by the vacuum drying mechanism is compensated by the synchronous movement of the air shower mechanism and the printing head which are arranged between the printing head and the vacuum drying mechanism.
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| CN110112326B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2021-07-06 | 深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | Ink-jet printing structure and method for preparing display panel by using ink-jet printing structure |
| CN111038114B (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2021-03-16 | 深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | Ink-jet printing device and method for preparing organic light-emitting diode display panel |
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| US5774141A (en) * | 1995-10-26 | 1998-06-30 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Carriage-mounted inkjet aerosol reduction system |
| JP4244382B2 (en) * | 2003-02-26 | 2009-03-25 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Functional material fixing method and device manufacturing method |
| KR101048371B1 (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2011-07-11 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Droplet supply equipment, manufacturing method of display device using the same |
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