CN108941233B - Open internal type forward and backward extrusion composite die - Google Patents
Open internal type forward and backward extrusion composite die Download PDFInfo
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- CN108941233B CN108941233B CN201810744243.4A CN201810744243A CN108941233B CN 108941233 B CN108941233 B CN 108941233B CN 201810744243 A CN201810744243 A CN 201810744243A CN 108941233 B CN108941233 B CN 108941233B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/03—Making uncoated products by both direct and backward extrusion
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Abstract
The invention discloses an open internal type forward and backward extrusion composite die which mainly comprises a backward extrusion die and a forward extrusion die and comprises an upper ejector rod, an upper die holder, an upper backing plate, an upper die sleeve, a male die sleeve I, a pressing plate, a guide block, a female die, a core die, a lower die cylinder, a lower fixed block, a lower die holder, a central lower ejector rod, an outer side lower ejector rod, a cushion block, a die sleeve II, a supporting block and the like. The invention can greatly improve the length-diameter ratio of the blind hole and is widely applied to components such as alloy steel, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, copper alloy and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an open inner type forward and backward extrusion composite die.
Background
At present, the hole depth of the traditional backward extrusion is short, the length-diameter ratio of an inner hole of common alloy steel is about 3, the length-diameter ratio of a blind hole of a blank can be increased by the traditional forward extrusion, but the height-diameter ratio of a core die cannot be too large (as shown in figure 1), otherwise, the core die is unstable. The traditional forward and backward extrusion method cannot meet the forming of a component with a blind hole with a certain depth.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an open inner type forward and backward extrusion composite die.
The utility model provides an open interior type positive and negative extrusion composite mold which characterized in that: the die comprises a backward extrusion die and a forward extrusion die;
the upper die of the backward extrusion die comprises a male die, the male die is matched with the conical surface of an upper die sleeve, the upper end surface of the male die is contacted with the lower end surface of an upper backing plate, the upper end surface of the upper backing plate is contacted with the lower end surface of an upper die base, upper ejector rods are uniformly distributed in the upper die base along a central shaft, a punch of the male die penetrates through an inner hole of a first male die sleeve to form clearance fit, and the first male die sleeve is connected with the upper die sleeve through a lifting appliance;
the lower die of the backward extrusion die comprises a female die, outer side lower ejector rods which are uniformly distributed along the axis are horizontally inserted into a through hole step groove at the bottom of the female die, then the female die penetrates through an inner hole of a lower die cylinder and is placed on the upper end surface of a lower die base, the rod part of each outer side lower ejector rod penetrates through a through hole of the lower die base, the female die is in clearance fit with the lower die cylinder, a core die is placed in an inner cavity of the female die and forms clearance fit, a guide block is placed on the upper end surface of the core die and is in clearance fit with the female die, a pressing plate is in contact with the guide block through the step and tightly presses the pressing plate and the female die through screws, then the lower fixing block penetrates through the through hole of the female die and is placed on the upper end surface of the lower die base.
The upper die of the forward extrusion die comprises a male die, the male die is matched with the conical surface of an upper die sleeve, the upper end surface of the male die is contacted with the lower end surface of an upper backing plate, the upper end surface of the upper backing plate is contacted with the lower end surface of an upper die base, upper ejector rods are uniformly distributed in the upper die base along a central shaft, a punch of the male die penetrates through an inner hole of a male die sleeve II to form clearance fit, and the male die sleeve II is connected with the upper die sleeve through a lifting appliance;
the lower die of the forward extrusion die comprises a female die, outer side lower ejector rods which are uniformly distributed along the axis are horizontally inserted into a through hole step groove at the bottom of the female die, then the female die penetrates through an inner hole of a lower die cylinder and is placed on the upper end face of a lower die base, the female die is in clearance fit with the lower die cylinder, the core die is placed in an inner cavity of the female die and forms clearance fit, a guide block is placed on the upper end face of the core die, the guide block is in clearance fit with the female die, a pressing plate is in contact with the guide block through the step and tightly presses the pressing plate and the female die through a screw, then the lower fixing block penetrates through a through hole of the female die and is placed on the upper end face of the lower die base, a central lower ejector rod penetrates through a through hole groove of.
The open inner type forward and backward extrusion composite method comprises the steps that firstly, before backward extrusion is started, a blank is placed in a cavity of a core mold, a certain open space exists between the blank and the bottom of the cavity, before a male mold descends to be in contact with the blank, a first male mold sleeve and a guide block form a mold opening guide, metal flows upwards along the inner wall of the core mold after the male mold continues to descend and presses the blank to fill the cavity at the bottom downwards, and when the male mold runs to reach the designed displacement, the male mold is kept pressure and stops moving; the outer lower ejector rods which are uniformly distributed along the axis drive the female die to move upwards, the wall thickness of the metal is reduced through the step surface of the core die, and when the step surface of the core die is positioned on the lower end surface of the straight wall of the male die, the outer lower ejector rods stop moving upwards; and then the lifting appliance is taken off, the first male die sleeve and the upper die sleeve are separated, the pressure of the upper ejector rods which are uniformly distributed along the axis is maintained, the male die returns upwards, the pressure of the upper ejector rods is transmitted to the first male die sleeve to force the blank to fall off from the male die, and the material taking is finished under the action of the upper ejector of the central lower ejector rod.
And before the forward extrusion is started, placing the reversely extruded blank in a cavity of a core die, before a male die descends to contact with the blank, forming die orifice guide by a second male die sleeve and a guide block, then removing a lifting appliance, separating the second male die sleeve from an upper die sleeve, simultaneously contacting the upper end surface of the second male die sleeve with the step surface of the male die, after the second male die sleeve contacts with the wall end surface of the blank, transferring the pressure of the male die to the second male die sleeve to force metal to flow downwards to generate necking deformation, simultaneously gradually separating the bottom of the blank from the male die to form a certain open space, after the male die runs to reach the designed displacement, stopping the male die, then maintaining the pressure by upper ejector rods uniformly distributed along the axis, returning the male die upwards, transferring the pressure of the upper ejector rods to the second male die sleeve to force the blank to fall off from the male die, and finishing the material taking under the action of the upper ejector rods at the center.
On the basis of the traditional forward and backward extrusion, the invention adds a new method that the backward extrusion wall thickness is thinned, and the step of the thinned part is ensured to be positioned on the straight wall at the bottom of the blank, thereby providing blank preparation for the subsequent forward extrusion and simultaneously solving the problem of instability of horizontal flowing bending of metal in the forward extrusion process; and then, a novel forward extrusion wall thickness necking method is combined, the method is not limited by the length of a traditional core mold, and the length-diameter ratio of the blind hole can be greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional forward extrusion die;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a counter extrusion die;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a forward extrusion die;
FIG. 4a is a schematic view of the backward extrusion process during pressing of the backward extrusion;
FIG. 4b is a schematic view of the upward wall reduction during pressing for backward extrusion;
FIG. 4c is a schematic illustration of discharge during pressing for backward extrusion;
FIG. 5a is a schematic view of a positive extrusion press in process;
FIG. 5b is a schematic illustration of discharge during pressing for forward extrusion;
figure 5c is a schematic illustration of the take-off during pressing for forward extrusion.
Wherein, 1, a top rod is arranged; 2-an upper die holder; 3, arranging a base plate; 4, putting a die sleeve; 5-a male die; 6-pressing a plate; 7-a guide block; 8-a female die; 9-core mold; 10-lower die cylinder; 11-lower fixed block; 12-a lower die holder; 13-central lower ejector rod; 14-outer lower ejector rod; 15-cushion block; 16-the first convex die sleeve; 17-a second male die sleeve; 18-support block.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 2 shows a backward extrusion die structure, an upper die of the backward extrusion die comprises a male die 5, the male die 5 is in conical surface fit with an upper die sleeve 4, the upper end surface of the male die 5 is in contact with the lower end surface of an upper padding plate 3, the upper end surface of the upper padding plate 3 is in contact with the lower end surface of the upper die base 2, upper ejector rods 1 are uniformly distributed in the upper die base 2 along a central shaft, a punch of the male die 5 penetrates through an inner hole of a first male die sleeve 16 to form clearance fit, and the first male die sleeve 16 is connected with the upper die sleeve 4 through a lifting appliance.
The lower die of the backward extrusion die comprises a female die 8, outer lower ejector rods 14 which are uniformly distributed along the axis are horizontally inserted into a through hole step groove at the bottom of the female die 8, then the female die 8 penetrates through an inner hole of a lower die cylinder 10 and is placed on the upper end surface of a lower die base 12, the rod part of each outer lower ejector rod 14 penetrates through a through hole of the lower die base 12, the female die 8 is in clearance fit with the lower die cylinder 10, a core die 9 is placed in an inner cavity of the female die 8 and forms clearance fit, a guide block 7 is placed on the upper end surface of the core die 9, the guide block 7 is in clearance fit with the female die 8, a pressing plate 6 is in contact with the guide block 7 through steps and tightly presses the pressing plate 6 and the female die 8 through screws, then the lower fixing block 11 penetrates through the through hole of the female die 8 and is placed on the upper end surface of the lower die base 12, a central lower ejector rod 13 penetrates.
Fig. 3 shows a structure of a forward extrusion die, and the difference between the upper die of the forward extrusion die and the upper die of the backward extrusion die is that after a first male die sleeve 16 is replaced by a second male die sleeve 17, a punch of a male die 5 penetrates through an inner hole of the second male die sleeve 17 to form clearance fit, and the second male die sleeve 17 is connected with an upper die sleeve 4 through a lifting appliance.
The lower die of the forward extrusion die is different from the lower die of the backward extrusion die in that a newly added supporting block 18 penetrates through an inner hole of a lower die cylinder 10 to form clearance fit and then is placed between a lower die holder 12 and a female die 8, and meanwhile, an outer lower ejector rod 14 and a cushion block 15 are omitted.
The open internal type forward and backward extrusion composite forming process mainly comprises the following steps:
(a) backward extrusion: firstly, before backward extrusion is started, a blank is placed in a cavity of a core die 9, a certain open space exists between the blank and the bottom of the cavity, before a male die 5 descends to be in contact with the blank, a first male die sleeve 16 and a guide block 7 form die orifice guide, metal flows upwards along the inner wall of the core die 9 after the male die 5 descends continuously and presses the blank to fill the cavity at the bottom downwards, and when the male die 5 runs to reach designed displacement, the male die 5 keeps pressure and stops moving (as shown in fig. 4 a);
the outer lower mandrils 14 which are uniformly distributed along the axis drive the female die 8 to move upwards, the wall thickness of the metal is reduced by the step surface of the core die 9, and when the step surface of the core die 9 is positioned on the lower end surface of the straight wall of the male die 5, the outer lower mandrils 14 stop moving upwards (as shown in figure 4 b);
and then the lifting appliance is taken off, the first male die sleeve 16 and the upper die sleeve 4 are separated, the pressure of the upper ejector rods 1 which are uniformly distributed along the axis is maintained, the male die 5 returns upwards, the pressure of the upper ejector rods 1 is transmitted to the first male die sleeve 16 to force the blank to fall off from the male die 5, and the material taking is completed under the action of the upper ejector of the central lower ejector rod 13 (as shown in figure 4 c).
(b) Forward extrusion: then before the forward extrusion is started, the backward extruded blank is placed in a cavity of a core die 9, before a male die 5 descends to contact with the blank, a die opening guide is formed by a second male die sleeve 17 and a guide block 7, then a lifting appliance is taken off, the second male die sleeve 17 is separated from an upper die sleeve 4, the upper end face of the second male die sleeve 17 is in contact with the step face of the male die 5, after the second male die sleeve 17 is in contact with the wall end face of the blank, the pressure of the male die 5 is transmitted to the second male die sleeve 17 to force the metal to flow downwards to be constricted and deformed, meanwhile, the bottom of the blank is gradually separated from the male die 5 to form a certain open space, and after the male die 5 runs to reach the designed displacement, the male die 5 keeps pressure and stops moving (as shown in fig. 5;
then the upper mandrils 1 which are uniformly distributed along the axial line maintain pressure, the convex die 5 returns upwards, the pressure of the upper mandrils 1 is transferred to the second convex die sleeve 17 to force the blank to fall off from the convex die 5 (as shown in figure 5 b);
at this time, the second male die sleeve 17 is connected with the upper die sleeve 4 by a lifting appliance, the second male die sleeve 17 and the male die 5 are separated from the lower die along with the further upward return of the male die 5, and then material taking is completed under the action of the upper jacking of the central lower jacking rod 13 (as shown in fig. 5 c).
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides an open interior type positive and negative extrusion composite mold which characterized in that: the die comprises a backward extrusion die and a forward extrusion die;
the upper die of the backward extrusion die comprises a male die, the male die is matched with the conical surface of an upper die sleeve, the upper end surface of the male die is contacted with the lower end surface of an upper backing plate, the upper end surface of the upper backing plate is contacted with the lower end surface of an upper die base, upper ejector rods are uniformly distributed in the upper die base along a central shaft, a punch of the male die penetrates through an inner hole of a first male die sleeve to form clearance fit, and the first male die sleeve is connected with the upper die sleeve through a lifting appliance;
the lower die of the backward extrusion die comprises a female die, outer side lower ejector rods which are uniformly distributed along the axis are horizontally inserted into a step groove of a through hole at the bottom of the female die, then the female die penetrates through an inner hole of a lower die cylinder and is placed on the upper end surface of a lower die base, the rod part of each outer side lower ejector rod penetrates through the through hole of the lower die base, the female die is in clearance fit with the lower die cylinder, a core die is placed in an inner cavity of the female die and forms clearance fit, a guide block is placed on the upper end surface of the core die and is in clearance fit with the female die, a pressing plate is in contact with the guide block through the step and tightly presses the pressing plate and the female die through a screw, then the lower fixing block penetrates through the through hole of the female die and is placed on the upper end surface of the lower;
the upper die of the forward extrusion die comprises a male die, the male die is matched with the conical surface of an upper die sleeve, the upper end surface of the male die is contacted with the lower end surface of an upper backing plate, the upper end surface of the upper backing plate is contacted with the lower end surface of an upper die base, upper ejector rods are uniformly distributed in the upper die base along a central shaft, a punch of the male die penetrates through an inner hole of a male die sleeve II to form clearance fit, and the male die sleeve II is connected with the upper die sleeve through a lifting appliance;
the lower die of the forward extrusion die comprises a female die, outer lower ejector rods which are uniformly distributed along the axis are horizontally inserted into a through hole step groove at the bottom of the female die, then the female die penetrates through an inner hole of a lower die cylinder and is placed on the upper end surface of a lower die base, the female die is in clearance fit with the lower die cylinder, the core die is placed in an inner cavity of the female die and forms clearance fit, a guide block is placed on the upper end surface of the core die, the guide block is in clearance fit with the female die, a pressing plate is in contact with the guide block through the step and tightly presses the pressing plate and the female die through a screw, then the lower fixing block penetrates through a through hole of the female die and is placed on the upper end surface of the lower die base, a central lower ejector rod penetrates through a through hole groove of the;
firstly, before backward extrusion is started, a blank is placed in a cavity of a core mold, a certain open space exists between the blank and the bottom of the cavity, a first convex mold sleeve and a guide block form a mold opening guide before a convex mold descends to be in contact with the blank, metal flows upwards along the inner wall of the core mold after the convex mold descends continuously and presses the blank to fill the cavity at the bottom downwards, and when the convex mold runs to reach the designed displacement, the pressure maintaining of the convex mold is stopped; the outer lower ejector rods which are uniformly distributed along the axis drive the female die to move upwards, the wall thickness of the metal is reduced through the step surface of the core die, and when the step surface of the core die is positioned on the lower end surface of the straight wall of the male die, the outer lower ejector rods stop moving upwards; and then the lifting appliance is taken off, the first male die sleeve and the upper die sleeve are separated, the pressure of the upper ejector rods which are uniformly distributed along the axis is maintained, the male die returns upwards, the pressure of the upper ejector rods is transmitted to the first male die sleeve to force the blank to fall off from the male die, and the material taking is finished under the action of the upper ejector of the central lower ejector rod.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810744243.4A CN108941233B (en) | 2018-07-09 | 2018-07-09 | Open internal type forward and backward extrusion composite die |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810744243.4A CN108941233B (en) | 2018-07-09 | 2018-07-09 | Open internal type forward and backward extrusion composite die |
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| CN108941233A CN108941233A (en) | 2018-12-07 |
| CN108941233B true CN108941233B (en) | 2020-04-07 |
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| CN113369326B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-11-25 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Open inner type progressive extrusion forming die based on current auxiliary heating |
| CN113976799B (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2024-03-01 | 中国兵器工业集团航空弹药研究院有限公司 | Forging forming die |
| CN114247814B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-12-05 | 湖南顶立科技有限公司 | Extrusion molding device and molding method |
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| FR906285A (en) * | 1943-05-31 | 1945-12-28 | Miller Martin Ag | Method of manufacturing steel sleeves and apparatus for its implementation |
| CN101234401B (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2010-12-08 | 中北大学 | Extrusion forming method and mold for magnesium alloy automobile wheel |
| CN101502855B (en) * | 2009-03-02 | 2010-09-29 | 湖北天轮机械有限公司 | Reverse cold extrusion die for car rear stabilizer bar bushing |
| CN101518793A (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2009-09-02 | 陈志波 | Cold extruding and forming process of lower oil cylinder of manual porter |
| CN101829698A (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2010-09-15 | 河南科技大学 | Extrusion forming process of thin-wall long pipe-shaped part blank with flange and mould |
| CN104841708A (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2015-08-19 | 苏州昆仑重型装备制造有限公司 | Extrusion forming process of cylinder work-piece with flat head on end portion |
| CN205869092U (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2017-01-11 | 镇江索达联轴器有限公司 | Preparation shaft coupling cold extruding die for coupling spindle |
| CN105880308A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-08-24 | 河南平高电力设备有限公司 | Two-time extruding die of moving contact and secondary-extruding die thereof |
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