CN108919159B - Power calibration method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobiles, and provides a power calibration method and device. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the maximum output power of a battery pack of the electric automobile in a first state, wherein the first state is the state of the battery pack when the ambient temperature is a first temperature and the residual electric quantity of the battery pack is a first electric quantity; obtaining the maximum input power and the minimum input power of a motor of the electric automobile when the state of a battery pack of the electric automobile is a first state, which is determined based on the performance requirement of the electric automobile; and comparing the maximum output power of the battery pack with the maximum input power of the motor and/or the minimum input power of the motor, and calibrating the discharge power of the battery pack based on the comparison result. According to the method, when the discharge power of the battery pack is calibrated, the factors of the battery pack and the motor are comprehensively considered, so that the calibrated discharge power of the battery pack is matched with the performance requirement of the electric automobile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobiles, in particular to a power calibration method and a power calibration device.
Background
At present, electric automobiles are increasingly popularized and start to gradually replace fuel automobiles. The battery pack is a power source of the electric automobile, and the discharge power of the battery pack needs to be calibrated in the production process of the electric automobile. The calibrated discharge power of the battery pack refers to the discharge power which can safely and reliably work when the battery pack has certain residual capacity at certain temperature. At present, the discharge power of the battery pack is usually calibrated by a battery manufacturer or a drive motor manufacturer, and during calibration, because the battery manufacturer and the drive motor manufacturer provide power tables according to the standards of respective parts without paying attention to the power conditions of other parts, the discharge power of the calibrated battery pack is not matched with the power of the motor, and the performance of the whole vehicle is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a power calibration method and device to solve the above technical problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power calibration method, including:
obtaining the maximum output power of a battery pack of the electric automobile in a first state, wherein the first state is the state of the battery pack when the ambient temperature is a first temperature and the residual electric quantity of the battery pack is a first electric quantity;
obtaining the maximum input power and the minimum input power of a motor of the electric automobile when the state of a battery pack of the electric automobile is a first state, which is determined based on the performance requirement of the electric automobile;
and comparing the maximum output power of the battery pack with the maximum input power of the motor and/or the minimum input power of the motor, and calibrating the discharge power of the battery pack in the first state based on the comparison result.
According to the power calibration method provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the discharge power of the battery pack is calibrated, the maximum output power of the battery pack is combined with the maximum input power of the motor and the minimum input power of the motor, namely, the factors of the battery pack and the motor are comprehensively considered, and the maximum input power of the motor and the minimum input power of the motor reflect the performance requirements of the electric automobile, so that the discharge power of the battery pack calibrated according to the method is matched with the performance requirements of the electric automobile, and the whole automobile performance can be adjusted by a whole automobile controller.
With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the obtaining a maximum output power of a battery pack in a first state includes:
obtaining a voltage-electric quantity curve which is discharged at a first temperature by a plurality of discharge multiplying powers respectively when the battery pack is fully charged, and obtaining a plurality of voltage-electric quantity curves in total, wherein the voltage-electric quantity curve is a curve for representing the relation between the voltage of the battery pack and the discharge electric quantity of the battery pack;
respectively calculating the discharge inhibiting points of each voltage-electric quantity curve in the voltage-electric quantity curves, and obtaining a plurality of discharge inhibiting points and a plurality of discharge inhibiting point voltages corresponding to the discharge inhibiting points, wherein the discharge inhibiting points are points at which the voltage of the battery pack on each voltage-electric quantity curve begins to turn into a sharp drop;
obtaining instantaneous discharge voltages when the residual electric quantity of the battery pack is a first electric quantity and discharging is respectively carried out at a plurality of discharge rates at a first temperature, and obtaining a plurality of instantaneous discharge voltages in total;
determining a first discharge-inhibiting point voltage of the plurality of discharge-inhibiting point voltages that matches an instantaneous discharge voltage of a corresponding discharge rate of the plurality of instantaneous discharge voltages, and a first discharge rate corresponding to the first discharge-inhibiting point voltage;
and determining the product of the first discharge inhibiting point voltage and the first discharge current corresponding to the first discharge rate as the maximum output power of the battery pack in the first state.
In the last stage of discharging of the battery pack, the voltage of the battery pack can be sharply reduced and finally reaches a low-voltage protection threshold of the battery pack, so that the battery pack is damaged, a point at which the voltage starts to be changed into the sharp reduction in the discharging process is defined as a discharging prohibition point, and the discharging prohibition point is considered when the maximum output power of the battery pack is calculated, so that the over-discharging of the battery pack is avoided, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the calculating a discharge prohibition point of each of the plurality of voltage-electric quantity curves respectively includes:
determining a straight line which has a preset slope and is tangent to each voltage-electric quantity curve in a coordinate system where each voltage-electric quantity curve is located, and determining a tangent point of the straight line and each voltage-electric quantity curve as a discharge-forbidding point, wherein the preset slope is a negative number.
According to the specific form of the voltage-electric quantity curve, the discharge prohibiting point is determined by adopting a tangent line with a negative slope, which is a simple and reasonable method.
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the preset slope is determined by the following formula:
K＝－△U＊N/Q
the battery pack comprises a battery pack, a plurality of battery cells, a plurality of battery packs, a plurality of battery modules and a plurality of battery modules, wherein K is a preset slope, DeltaU is a discharge voltage difference allowed by the battery cells of the battery pack, N is the number of the battery cells in series, and Q is the rated electric quantity of the battery pack.
The physical meaning of K refers to the amount of voltage drop of the battery pack per 1Ah of discharge. When the voltage drop reaches delta U multiplied by N after discharging for 1Ah, the voltage of the battery pack starts to turn into a sharp drop, and continuous discharging is forbidden, so that a discharging forbidden point can be finally determined by a straight line determined by the slope.
With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first to the third possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, comparing the maximum output power of the battery pack with the maximum input power of the motor and/or the minimum input power of the motor, and calibrating the discharge power of the battery pack in the first state based on the comparison result includes:
if the maximum output power of the battery pack is greater than the maximum input power of the motor, calibrating the maximum input power of the motor as the discharge power of the battery pack;
if the maximum output power of the battery pack is less than or equal to the maximum input power of the motor and the maximum output power of the battery pack is greater than or equal to the minimum input power of the motor, calibrating the maximum output power of the battery pack as the discharge power of the battery pack;
and if the maximum output power of the battery pack is less than the minimum input power of the motor, the discharge power of the battery pack is marked as 0.
The maximum output power of the battery pack is larger than the maximum input power of the motor, which indicates that the battery pack can meet the maximum power requirement of the motor, and the part of the maximum output power of the battery pack, which exceeds the maximum input power of the motor, is meaningless for the motor and is ignored during calibration, so that the discharge power of the calibrated battery pack is matched with the power requirement of the motor.
The maximum output power of the battery pack is smaller than or equal to the maximum input power of the motor and larger than or equal to the maximum input power of the motor, the battery pack can partially meet the power requirement of the motor, the discharge power of the battery pack is calibrated to be the maximum output power of the battery pack at the moment, and therefore the vehicle controller can control the performance of the whole vehicle based on the calibrated discharge power of the battery pack and the power requirement of the motor.
The maximum output power of the battery pack is smaller than the minimum input power of the motor, which indicates that the battery pack cannot meet the minimum power requirement of the motor, at the moment, the battery pack cannot normally supply power to the motor, and the discharge power of the battery pack is calibrated to be 0, so that the calibrated discharge power of the battery pack is matched with the power requirement of the motor.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power calibration apparatus, including:
the battery pack power acquisition module is used for acquiring the maximum output power of a battery pack of the electric automobile in a first state, wherein the first state is the state of the battery pack when the ambient temperature is a first temperature and the residual electric quantity of the battery pack is a first electric quantity;
the motor power acquisition module is used for acquiring the maximum input power and the minimum input power of a motor of the electric automobile when the state of the battery pack of the electric automobile is a first state, which is determined based on the performance requirement of the electric automobile;
and the power calibration module is used for comparing the maximum output power of the battery pack with the maximum input power of the motor and/or the minimum input power of the motor and calibrating the discharge power of the battery pack in the first state based on the comparison result.
With reference to the second aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the battery pack power obtaining module includes:
a voltage-electric quantity curve obtaining unit, configured to obtain a plurality of voltage-electric quantity curves, which are obtained by respectively performing discharge at a plurality of discharge rates at a first temperature when the battery pack is fully charged, and the voltage-electric quantity curves are curves representing a relationship between a voltage of the battery pack and a discharge electric quantity of the battery pack;
the device comprises a discharge prohibiting point acquiring unit, a discharge prohibiting point acquiring unit and a discharge stopping unit, wherein the discharge prohibiting point acquiring unit is used for respectively calculating discharge prohibiting points of each voltage-electric quantity curve in a plurality of voltage-electric quantity curves and acquiring a plurality of discharge prohibiting points and a plurality of discharge prohibiting point voltages corresponding to the discharge prohibiting points, and the discharge prohibiting points are points at which the voltage of a battery pack on each voltage-electric quantity curve starts to turn into a sharp drop;
the battery pack control device comprises an instantaneous discharge voltage acquisition unit, a control unit and a control unit, wherein the instantaneous discharge voltage acquisition unit is used for acquiring instantaneous discharge voltages when the residual electric quantity of the battery pack is a first electric quantity and discharging at a plurality of discharge rates at a first temperature respectively to acquire a plurality of instantaneous discharge voltages;
a first discharge inhibition point voltage obtaining unit for determining a first discharge inhibition point voltage which is matched with an instantaneous discharge voltage of a corresponding discharge multiplying factor in the plurality of instantaneous discharge voltages in the plurality of discharge inhibition point voltages and a first discharge multiplying factor corresponding to the first discharge inhibition point voltage;
and the battery pack maximum output power acquisition unit is used for determining the product of the first discharge point forbidding voltage and the first discharge current corresponding to the first discharge multiplying power as the battery pack maximum output power of the battery pack in the first state.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the discharge point prohibition acquisition unit includes:
and the discharge prohibition point acquisition subunit is used for determining a straight line which has a preset slope and is tangent to each voltage-electric quantity curve in the coordinate system where each voltage-electric quantity curve is located, and determining the tangent point of the straight line and each voltage-electric quantity curve as a discharge prohibition point, wherein the preset slope is a negative number.
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the preset slope is determined by the following formula:
K＝－△U＊N/Q
the battery pack comprises a battery pack, a plurality of battery cells, a plurality of battery packs, a plurality of battery modules and a plurality of battery modules, wherein K is a preset slope, DeltaU is a discharge voltage difference allowed by the battery cells of the battery pack, N is the number of the battery cells in series, and Q is the rated electric quantity of the battery pack.
With reference to the second aspect or any one of the first to the third possible implementation manners of the second aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the power calibration module includes:
the first power calibration unit is used for calibrating the maximum input power of the motor into the discharge power of the battery pack if the maximum output power of the battery pack is greater than the maximum input power of the motor;
the second power calibration unit is used for calibrating the maximum output power of the battery pack into the discharge power of the battery pack if the maximum output power of the battery pack is less than or equal to the maximum input power of the motor and the maximum output power of the battery pack is greater than or equal to the minimum input power of the motor;
and the third power calibration unit is used for calibrating the discharge power of the battery pack to be 0 if the maximum output power of the battery pack is less than the minimum input power of the motor.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer storage medium, where computer program instructions are stored in the computer storage medium, and when the computer program instructions are read and executed by a processor of a computer, the computer storage medium executes the method provided in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes a processor and a computer storage medium, where computer program instructions are stored in the computer storage medium, and when the computer program instructions are read and executed by the processor, the electronic device executes the method provided by the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.
In order to make the above objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a terminal device applicable to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a power calibration method provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating step S10 of the power calibration method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a voltage-to-charge curve provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a functional block diagram of a power calibration apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the terminal device 100 includes a memory 102, a memory controller 104, one or more (only one shown) processors 106, a peripheral interface 108, a radio frequency module 110, an audio module 112, a display module 114, and the like. These components communicate with each other via one or more communication buses/signal lines 116.
The memory 102 may be used to store software programs and modules, such as program instructions/modules corresponding to the power calibration method and apparatus in the embodiments of the present invention, and the processor 106 executes various functional applications and data processing, such as the power calibration method and apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present invention, by executing the software programs and modules stored in the memory 102.
The Memory 102 may be, but is not limited to, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), an Erasable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), an electrically Erasable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), and the like. Access to the memory 102 by the processor 106, and possibly other components, may be under the control of the memory controller 104.
The processor 106 may be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capabilities. The Processor may be a general-purpose Processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Micro Controller Unit (MCU), a Network Processor (NP), or other conventional processors; it may also be a special purpose Processor including a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware components. The various methods, steps and logic blocks disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented or performed.
The peripheral interface 108 couples various input/output devices to the processor 106 as well as to the memory 102. In some embodiments, the peripheral interface 108, the processor 106, and the memory controller 104 may be implemented in a single chip. In other examples, they may be implemented separately from the individual chips.
The rf module 110 is used for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic waves, and implementing interconversion between the electromagnetic waves and electrical signals, so as to communicate with a communication network or other devices.
The display module 114 provides a display interface between the terminal device 100 and the user. In particular, display module 114 displays video output to the user, the content of which may include text, graphics, video, and any combination thereof.
It is to be understood that the configuration shown in fig. 1 is merely illustrative, and that the terminal device 100 may include more or fewer components than shown in fig. 1, or have a different configuration than shown in fig. 1. The components shown in fig. 1 may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof. In the embodiment of the present invention, the terminal device 100 may be a device with an operation processing capability, such as a server, a personal computer, an intelligent mobile device, an intelligent wearable device, and an intelligent vehicle-mounted device.
The power to be calibrated by the power calibration method provided by the embodiment of the invention refers to the discharge power of the battery pack in a specific state. The specific State is a State in which the battery pack is located when the ambient temperature is a specific temperature and the State of Charge (SOC) of the battery pack is a specific amount of electricity. Generally speaking, calibration of the discharge power of the battery pack is not limited to one state of the battery pack, but may be performed on multiple states that the battery pack may be in when actually used. Therefore, the first state referred to in the embodiments of the present invention does not have any special meaning, and may be any one of a plurality of states in which the battery pack needs to be calibrated. When the battery pack is in the first state, the environment temperature is the first temperature, and the remaining capacity of the battery pack is the first capacity.
Generally, the calibration of the discharge power of the battery pack is performed before the mass production of the electric vehicle. During the driving process of the electric vehicle, a vehicle control unit of the electric vehicle obtains a Battery pack discharging power in a current state from a Battery Management System (BMS), obtains a current power demand of the motor from the motor, and adjusts the power of the motor based on a relationship between the Battery pack discharging power and the current power demand. The inventor finds that the discharge power of the battery pack is calibrated by adopting a reasonable calibration method, so that the calibration result is matched with the power requirement of the motor, the whole vehicle controller is favorable for correctly making a strategy for adjusting the power of the motor, and the performance requirement of the whole vehicle can be better met.
First embodiment
Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a power calibration method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 2, the power calibration method includes:
step S10: the processor 106 of the terminal device 100 obtains the maximum output power of the battery pack of the electric vehicle in the first state.
In the prior art, the maximum output power of the battery pack can be measured by, but is not limited to, a Hybrid Pulse Power Characteristics (HPPC) test.
In one implementation manner of the embodiment of the invention, another method for calculating the maximum output power of the battery pack is further provided. Fig. 3 shows a flowchart of step S10 of the power calibration method according to the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 3, step S10 may include:
step S100: the processor 106 of the terminal device 100 obtains a plurality of voltage-electric quantity curves, wherein the voltage-electric quantity curves are respectively discharged at a plurality of discharge rates at a first temperature when the battery pack is fully charged.
One voltage-electric quantity curve represents a curve of the relationship between the voltage of the battery pack and the discharge electric quantity of the battery pack in the process of discharging the battery pack at a certain discharge rate, and the voltage-electric quantity curve can be obtained through test measurement. Taking the measurement process of the voltage-electric quantity curve with the ambient temperature of 25 ℃ and the discharge rate of 0.33C as an example, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
A. standing the battery pack in an environment at 25 ℃;
B. emptying the battery pack according to a method provided by a battery manufacturer;
C. fully charging the battery pack according to a charging method provided by a battery manufacturer;
D. performing constant-current discharge on the battery pack by using a current corresponding to the discharge rate of 0.33C until reaching a discharge termination condition provided by a battery manufacturer, for example, the voltage of the battery pack reaches a low-voltage protection threshold of the battery pack;
E. recording the voltage and the corresponding time of the battery pack in the whole discharging process;
F. integrating the current according to time to obtain the discharge electric quantity of the battery pack at each moment in the discharge process;
G. and drawing a voltage-power curve, and storing the voltage-power curve to the memory 102 of the terminal device 100 for processing by the processor 106.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a voltage-capacity curve provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 shows three voltage-capacity curves, corresponding to discharge rates of 0.33C, 1C, and 2C, respectively. Obviously, in practice, more voltage-electric quantity curves may be obtained by measurement according to specific requirements, or, several voltage-electric quantity curves may be actually measured, and more voltage-electric quantity curves may be obtained by interpolation, for example, a voltage-electric quantity curve with a discharge rate of 0.5C may be obtained by interpolation of electric quantity-electric quantity curves with discharge rates of 0.33C and 1C. It should be noted that the voltage-electric quantity curves in fig. 4 are measured at the same ambient temperature, and are measured at different ambient temperatures.
In addition, the horizontal axis of the voltage-electric quantity curve is the discharge electric quantity of the battery pack, in some embodiments, the discharge electric quantity of the horizontal axis may also be replaced by the remaining electric quantity of the battery pack, the percentage of the discharge electric quantity/remaining electric quantity in the rated electric quantity of the battery pack, the discharge time and the like, and when the replacement modes are adopted, relevant steps in the method provided by the implementation of the invention should be adjusted accordingly, and it can be understood that in the replacement modes, the measured curve may not be called as the voltage-electric quantity curve any more.
Step S110: the processor 106 of the terminal device 100 calculates the discharge inhibiting point of each of the plurality of voltage-electric quantity curves respectively, and obtains a plurality of discharge inhibiting points and a plurality of discharge inhibiting point voltages corresponding to the plurality of discharge inhibiting points.
At the end of the discharge of the battery pack, the voltage of the battery pack drops sharply, as shown in fig. 4, and finally reaches the low-voltage protection threshold of the battery pack, the point of the voltage of the battery pack starting to shift to the sharp drop on the voltage-electric quantity curve is defined as a discharge-prohibited point, and the voltage of the battery pack at the discharge-prohibited point is defined as the discharge-prohibited point voltage. The inventor has found that the battery pack cannot provide stable output power after the voltage of the battery pack is lower than the discharge-inhibiting point, and therefore, when the maximum output power of the battery pack is calculated, the corresponding voltage of the battery pack should not be lower than the voltage of the discharge-inhibiting point, so that the maximum output power of the battery pack obtained can be guaranteed to have practical value.
The point of discharge inhibition can be determined in different embodiments, and in one embodiment, a set of straight lines having a predetermined slope, which is negative according to the specific shape of the voltage-current curve in fig. 4 (all the voltage-current curves have similar shapes as in fig. 4), can be determined. Then, a straight line tangent to the voltage-electric quantity curve in the group of straight lines is determined, and the tangent point is determined as a discharge inhibiting point. As can be seen intuitively in fig. 4, the discharge inhibiting point is located at a position where the voltage in the voltage-power curve shifts from a gentle drop to a sharp drop.
The preset slope may be set as required, for example, in some simpler embodiments, the preset slope may be a constant determined empirically, such as-1, -0.5, -2, etc. In some complex embodiments, the predetermined slope may have a more definite physical meaning. For example, the preset slope K may be determined by the following formula:
K＝－△U＊N/Q
the delta U is the allowable discharge voltage difference value of the single battery cells of the battery pack, N is the number of the single battery cell strings, and Q is the rated electric quantity of the battery pack. The allowable discharge voltage difference value of the single battery cell refers to a difference value between the highest voltage and the lowest voltage of the single battery cells in a discharge process of a plurality of single battery cells constituting the battery pack, which is generally specified by a battery manufacturer. The number of the monomer battery cell strings refers to the number of the monomer battery cells required by the whole battery pack in series connection. The physical meaning of the preset slope K determined by the formula means that the voltage reduction of the battery pack is achieved every time the battery pack is discharged for 1Ah, and when the voltage reduction reaches delta U N after the battery pack is discharged for 1Ah, the voltage of the battery pack is considered to start to be suddenly reduced, and continuous discharge should be prohibited, so that the K value determined by the formula can be used as the preset slope.
With continued reference to fig. 4, it is not assumed that the discharge-prohibited voltages of the voltage-capacity curves corresponding to the discharge magnifications of 0.33C, 1C, and 2C are 305V, 300V, and 295V, respectively. The following steps S120 to S140 are described by taking the above values as examples. It should be noted that the above values are only examples, and fig. 4 is also only schematic, so that the above values should not be considered as being obtained by strict measurement in fig. 4.
Step S120: the processor 106 of the terminal device 100 obtains instantaneous discharge voltages when the remaining power of the battery pack is the first power and the respective discharges are performed at the first temperature at the plurality of discharge rates, to obtain a plurality of instantaneous discharge voltages in total.
The conditions when the battery pack is discharged in step S120 should be the same as those when the battery pack is discharged in step S100, except for the remaining capacity when the battery pack starts to be discharged. In step S120, the remaining power of the battery pack at the time of starting discharging is the first power corresponding to the first state of the battery pack that needs to be calibrated. Meanwhile, only the instantaneous discharge voltage needs to be measured in step S120, and the continuous discharge does not need to be performed as in step S100. It is not assumed that the instantaneous discharge voltages of the battery packs obtained by measurement at the discharge rates of 0.33C, 1C, and 2C are 310V, 300V, and 290V, respectively.
Step S130: the processor 106 of the terminal device 100 determines a first discharge-inhibited point voltage of the plurality of discharge-inhibited point voltages that matches an instantaneous discharge voltage of a corresponding discharge rate of the plurality of instantaneous discharge voltages, and a first discharge rate corresponding to the first discharge-inhibited point voltage.
The matching in step S130 means equality or equality within a certain error range. For example, when the discharge magnification is 0.33C, the voltage of the discharge inhibiting point is 305V, the voltage of the instantaneous discharge is 310V, and 305V is less than 310V; when the discharge multiplying power is 1C, the voltage of the discharge inhibiting point is 300V, the voltage of the instantaneous discharge is 300V, and 300V is 300V; when the discharge multiplying power is 2C, the voltage of the forbidden discharge point is 295V, the instantaneous discharge voltage is 290V, and 295V is larger than 290V. As is clear from the above rule, the prohibited discharge point voltage at the discharge rate of 1C is 300V, which is equal to the instantaneous discharge voltage at the same discharge rate, and therefore 300V is defined as the first prohibited discharge point voltage, and 1C is defined as the first discharge rate.
The physical meaning of the above process is as follows: if the instantaneous discharge voltage is greater than the voltage of the discharge-forbidden point, the output power of the battery pack is not maximized, and the output power can be further improved by improving the discharge multiplying power; if the instantaneous discharge voltage is smaller than the voltage of the discharge-forbidden point, the battery pack is in the process of sharp voltage drop, and cannot provide stable power output, and the maximum output power of the battery pack cannot be calculated at the moment.
As an alternative embodiment, the instantaneous discharge voltage at all discharge rates may not be measured in advance, but the instantaneous discharge voltage may be measured sequentially from the smallest discharge rate among the plurality of discharge rates, and compared with the voltage at the discharge-inhibited point at that discharge rate until the instantaneous discharge voltage is lower than the voltage at the discharge-inhibited point at a certain discharge rate. At this time, the inhibited discharge point at the previous discharge rate may be determined as the first inhibited discharge point voltage, and the previous discharge rate may be determined as the first discharge rate. After the first discharge-inhibiting point voltage and the first discharge rate have been determined, the instantaneous discharge voltage at the subsequent discharge rate may not be measured. It is understood that, in other embodiments, to further increase the execution speed of step S130, the first discharge inhibiting voltage and the first discharge rate may also be determined in a manner similar to binary search.
Step S140: the processor 106 of the terminal device 100 determines the product of the first discharge prohibition point voltage and the first discharge current corresponding to the first discharge rate as the package maximum output power of the battery package in the first state.
The rated electric quantity of the battery pack is multiplied by the first discharge multiplying factor to obtain first discharge current, and then the first discharge current is multiplied by the first discharge prohibiting point voltage to obtain the maximum output power of the battery pack in the first state. In the process of calculating the maximum output power of the battery pack, because the influence of the discharge prohibition point is fully considered, the voltage corresponding to the maximum output power of the battery pack is not lower than the voltage of the discharge prohibition point, so that the overdischarge of the battery pack is avoided, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged.
Step S11: the processor 106 of the terminal device 100 obtains the motor maximum input power and the motor minimum input power of the motor of the electric vehicle when the state of the battery pack is the first state, which are determined based on the performance requirements of the electric vehicle.
The maximum input power and the minimum input power of the motor reflect the performance requirements of the electric vehicle, and can be generally customized in advance according to practical experience and directly obtained and used in step S11. For example, the maximum input power of the motor may be set to be larger when the battery pack is fully charged, and may be set to be smaller when the remaining capacity of the battery pack is insufficient. Wherein, the maximum input power of the motor should be more than or equal to the minimum input power of the motor.
Step S12: the processor 106 of the terminal device 100 compares the maximum output power of the battery pack with the maximum input power of the motor and/or the minimum input power of the motor, and calibrates the discharge power of the battery pack in the first state based on the comparison result.
The specific comparison method can be summarized by the following formula:
for the first row on the right side of the equal sign, the maximum output power of the battery pack is greater than the maximum input power of the motor, which indicates that the battery pack can meet the maximum power requirement of the motor, and at the moment, the part of the maximum output power of the battery pack, which exceeds the maximum input power of the motor, has no meaning for the motor, and is ignored during calibration, so that the discharge power of the calibrated battery pack is matched with the power requirement of the motor.
For the second row on the right side of the equal sign, the maximum output power of the battery pack is smaller than or equal to the maximum input power of the motor and larger than or equal to the maximum input power of the motor, which indicates that the battery pack can partially meet the power requirement of the motor, and the discharge power of the battery pack is calibrated to be the maximum output power of the battery pack at the moment, so that the vehicle control unit can regulate the power of the motor based on the calibrated discharge power of the battery pack and the power requirement of the motor, and the control of the performance of the whole vehicle is realized.
For the third row on the right side of the equal sign, the maximum output power of the battery pack is smaller than the minimum input power of the motor, which indicates that the battery pack cannot meet the minimum power requirement of the motor, at the moment, the battery pack cannot normally supply power to the motor, and the discharge power of the battery pack is calibrated to be 0, so that the calibrated discharge power of the battery pack is matched with the power requirement of the motor.
In summary, the power calibration method provided by the embodiment of the invention considers the power requirement of the motor in combination when calibrating the discharge power of the battery pack, so that the calibration result is matched with the power requirement of the motor, which is beneficial to controlling the performance of the whole vehicle based on the calibration result by the vehicle controller. Meanwhile, when the maximum output power of the battery pack is calculated in the calibration process, because the influence of the discharge prohibition point on the maximum output power of the battery pack is fully considered, the whole vehicle controller cannot cause over-discharge of the battery when the whole vehicle performance is adjusted based on the calibration result, the service life of the battery is prolonged, and the electric vehicle is safer and more reliable.
Second embodiment
Fig. 5 is a functional block diagram of a power calibration apparatus 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 5, the apparatus includes a battery pack power acquisition module 210, a motor power acquisition module 220, and a power calibration module 230.
The battery pack power obtaining module 210 is configured to obtain a maximum output power of a battery pack of the electric vehicle in a first state, where the first state is a state of the battery pack when an ambient temperature is a first temperature and a remaining power of the battery pack is a first power;
the motor power obtaining module 220 is configured to obtain a maximum input power and a minimum input power of a motor of the electric vehicle when the state of the battery pack is the first state, which are determined based on the performance requirement of the electric vehicle;
the power calibration module 230 is configured to compare the maximum output power of the battery pack with the maximum input power of the motor and/or the minimum input power of the motor, and calibrate the discharge power of the battery pack in the first state based on the comparison result.
In one implementation of the second embodiment, the battery pack power obtaining module 210 includes a voltage-power curve obtaining unit, a discharge-prohibited point obtaining unit, an instantaneous discharge voltage obtaining unit, a first discharge-prohibited point voltage obtaining unit, and a battery pack maximum output power obtaining unit.
The battery pack charging device comprises a voltage-electric quantity curve acquisition unit, a charging unit and a charging unit, wherein the voltage-electric quantity curve acquisition unit is used for acquiring voltage-electric quantity curves which are respectively discharged at a plurality of discharge multiplying powers at a first temperature when the battery pack is fully charged, and acquiring a plurality of voltage-electric quantity curves in total, and the voltage-electric quantity curves are curves for expressing the relation between the voltage of the battery pack and the discharging electric quantity of the battery pack;
the discharge prohibiting point acquiring unit is used for respectively calculating discharge prohibiting points of each voltage-electric quantity curve in the multiple voltage-electric quantity curves, and acquiring multiple discharge prohibiting points and multiple discharge prohibiting point voltages corresponding to the multiple discharge prohibiting points, wherein the discharge prohibiting points are points at which the voltage of the battery pack on each voltage-electric quantity curve starts to turn into a sharp drop;
the instantaneous discharge voltage acquisition unit is used for acquiring instantaneous discharge voltages when the residual electric quantity of the battery pack is a first electric quantity and discharging at a plurality of discharge rates at a first temperature respectively to acquire a plurality of instantaneous discharge voltages;
the first discharge inhibition point voltage acquisition unit is used for determining a first discharge inhibition point voltage which is matched with an instantaneous discharge voltage of a corresponding discharge multiplying factor in the plurality of instantaneous discharge voltages in the plurality of discharge inhibition point voltages and a first discharge multiplying factor corresponding to the first discharge inhibition point voltage;
the battery pack maximum output power acquisition unit is used for determining the product of the first discharge point forbidding voltage and the first discharge current corresponding to the first discharge multiplying power as the battery pack maximum output power of the battery pack in the first state.
In one implementation of the second embodiment, the discharge-prohibition point calculation unit includes a discharge-prohibition point calculation subunit.
The discharge inhibition point calculation subunit is used for determining a straight line which has a preset slope and is tangent to each voltage-electric quantity curve in a coordinate system where each voltage-electric quantity curve is located, and determining the tangent point of the straight line and each voltage-electric quantity curve as a discharge inhibition point, wherein the preset slope is a negative number.
In one implementation of the second embodiment, the predetermined slope is determined by the following formula:
K＝－△U＊N/Q
the battery pack comprises a battery pack, a plurality of battery cells, a plurality of battery packs, a plurality of battery modules and a plurality of battery modules, wherein K is a preset slope, DeltaU is a discharge voltage difference allowed by the battery cells of the battery pack, N is the number of the battery cells in series, and Q is the rated electric quantity of the battery pack.
In one implementation of the second embodiment, the power calibration module 230 includes a first power calibration unit, a second power calibration unit, and a third power calibration unit.
The first power calibration unit is used for calibrating the maximum input power of the motor into the discharge power of the battery pack if the maximum output power of the battery pack is larger than the maximum input power of the motor;
the second power calibration unit is used for calibrating the maximum output power of the battery pack into the discharge power of the battery pack if the maximum output power of the battery pack is less than or equal to the maximum input power of the motor and the maximum output power of the battery pack is greater than or equal to the minimum input power of the motor;
and the third power calibration unit is used for calibrating the discharge power of the battery pack to be 0 if the maximum output power of the battery pack is less than the minimum input power of the motor.
The power calibration apparatus 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention has the same implementation principle and technical effect as the foregoing method embodiments, and for the sake of brief description, reference may be made to the corresponding contents in the foregoing method embodiments for parts of the embodiments without reference.
Third embodiment
A third embodiment of the present invention provides a computer storage medium, where computer program instructions are stored in the computer storage medium, and when the computer program instructions are read and executed by a processor of a computer, the power calibration method provided in the embodiments of the present invention is executed. The computer storage medium may be implemented as, but is not limited to, the memory 102 shown in fig. 1.
Fourth embodiment
A fourth embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes a processor and a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium stores computer program instructions, and the computer program instructions are read by the processor and executed to execute the power calibration method provided by the present invention. The electronic device may be implemented as, but is not limited to, the terminal device 100 shown in fig. 1.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are all described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other. For the device-like embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and for example, the flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
In addition, the functional modules in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist separately, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.
The functions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium if they are implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as separate products. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned computer device includes: various devices having the capability of executing program codes, such as a personal computer, a server, a mobile device, an intelligent wearable device, a network device, and a virtual device, the storage medium includes: u disk, removable hard disk, read only memory, random access memory, magnetic disk, magnetic tape, or optical disk.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (10)
1. A method of power calibration, comprising:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining the maximum output power of a battery pack of the electric automobile in a first state, wherein the first state is the state of the battery pack when the ambient temperature is a first temperature and the residual electric quantity of the battery pack is a first electric quantity;
obtaining a motor maximum input power and a motor minimum input power of a motor of the electric automobile when the state of the battery pack is the first state, which are determined based on the performance requirements of the electric automobile;
and comparing the maximum output power of the battery pack with the maximum input power of the motor and/or the minimum input power of the motor, and calibrating the discharge power of the battery pack in the first state based on the comparison result.
2. The power calibration method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining the maximum output power of the battery pack in the first state comprises:
obtaining a voltage-electric quantity curve which is obtained by respectively discharging at a plurality of discharge multiplying powers at the first temperature when the battery pack is fully charged, and obtaining a plurality of voltage-electric quantity curves in total, wherein the voltage-electric quantity curve is a curve for representing the relation between the voltage of the battery pack and the discharge electric quantity of the battery pack;
respectively calculating a discharge inhibiting point of each voltage-electric quantity curve in the plurality of voltage-electric quantity curves, and obtaining a plurality of discharge inhibiting points and a plurality of discharge inhibiting point voltages corresponding to the plurality of discharge inhibiting points in total, wherein the discharge inhibiting points are points at which the voltage of the battery pack starts to turn into a sharp drop on each voltage-electric quantity curve;
obtaining instantaneous discharge voltages when the residual electric quantity of the battery pack is the first electric quantity and discharging is respectively carried out at the plurality of discharge rates at the first temperature, and obtaining a plurality of instantaneous discharge voltages in total;
determining a first discharge-inhibiting point voltage of the plurality of discharge-inhibiting point voltages that matches an instantaneous discharge voltage of a corresponding discharge rate of the plurality of instantaneous discharge voltages, and a first discharge rate corresponding to the first discharge-inhibiting point voltage;
determining a product of the first discharge-prohibited-point voltage and a first discharge current corresponding to the first discharge rate as the maximum output power of the battery pack in the first state.
3. The power calibration method according to claim 2, wherein said separately calculating the discharge-inhibiting point of each of the plurality of voltage-to-electric-quantity curves comprises:
determining a straight line which has a preset slope and is tangent to each voltage-electric quantity curve in a coordinate system where each voltage-electric quantity curve is located, and determining a tangent point of the straight line and each voltage-electric quantity curve as the discharge prohibition point, wherein the preset slope is a negative number.
4. The power calibration method of claim 3, wherein the predetermined slope is determined by the following formula:
K＝－△U＊N/Q
and K is the preset slope, DeltaU is the allowable discharge voltage difference of the single battery cells of the battery pack, N is the number of the single battery cell strings, and Q is the rated electric quantity of the battery pack.
5. The power calibration method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein comparing the maximum output power of the battery pack with the maximum input power of the motor and/or the minimum input power of the motor, and calibrating the discharge power of the battery pack in the first state based on the comparison result comprises:
if the maximum output power of the battery pack is larger than the maximum input power of the motor, calibrating the maximum input power of the motor as the discharge power of the battery pack;
if the maximum output power of the battery pack is less than or equal to the maximum input power of the motor and the maximum output power of the battery pack is greater than or equal to the minimum input power of the motor, calibrating the maximum output power of the battery pack as the discharge power of the battery pack;
and if the maximum output power of the battery pack is smaller than the minimum input power of the motor, the discharge power of the battery pack is marked as 0.
6. A power calibration apparatus, comprising:
the battery pack power acquisition module is used for acquiring the maximum output power of a battery pack of the electric automobile in a first state, wherein the first state is the state of the battery pack when the ambient temperature is a first temperature and the residual electric quantity of the battery pack is a first electric quantity;
the motor power acquisition module is used for acquiring the maximum input power and the minimum input power of the motor of the electric automobile when the state of the battery pack is the first state, which is determined based on the performance requirement of the electric automobile;
and the power calibration module is used for comparing the maximum output power of the battery pack with the maximum input power of the motor and/or the minimum input power of the motor and calibrating the discharge power of the battery pack in the first state based on the comparison result.
7. The power calibration device of claim 6, wherein the battery pack power acquisition module comprises:
a voltage-electric quantity curve obtaining unit, configured to obtain a plurality of voltage-electric quantity curves, which are obtained by respectively performing discharge at a plurality of discharge rates at the first temperature when the battery pack is fully charged, and obtain a plurality of voltage-electric quantity curves in total, where the voltage-electric quantity curves are curves used to represent a relationship between a voltage of the battery pack and a discharge electric quantity of the battery pack;
a discharge prohibition point acquisition unit, configured to calculate a discharge prohibition point of each of the plurality of voltage-electric quantity curves, and obtain a plurality of discharge prohibition points and a plurality of discharge prohibition point voltages corresponding to the plurality of discharge prohibition points, where the discharge prohibition points are points on each of the plurality of voltage-electric quantity curves where the voltage of the battery pack starts to shift to a steep drop;
an instantaneous discharge voltage obtaining unit, configured to obtain instantaneous discharge voltages when the remaining power of the battery pack is the first power and when the battery pack is discharged at the first temperature at the plurality of discharge rates, respectively, so as to obtain a plurality of instantaneous discharge voltages;
a first discharge inhibition point voltage obtaining unit configured to determine a first discharge inhibition point voltage that matches an instantaneous discharge voltage of a corresponding discharge rate among the plurality of instantaneous discharge voltages among the plurality of discharge inhibition point voltages, and a first discharge rate corresponding to the first discharge inhibition point voltage;
a battery pack maximum output power obtaining unit, configured to determine a product of the first discharge-prohibited-point voltage and a first discharge current corresponding to the first discharge rate as the battery pack maximum output power of the battery pack in the first state.
8. The power calibration device according to claim 7, wherein the discharge point prohibition acquisition unit comprises:
and the discharge prohibition point acquisition subunit is used for determining a straight line which has a preset slope and is tangent to each voltage-electric quantity curve in the coordinate system where each voltage-electric quantity curve is located, and determining the tangent point of each straight line and each voltage-electric quantity curve as the discharge prohibition point, wherein the preset slope is a negative number.
9. The power calibration device of claim 8, wherein the predetermined slope is determined by the following equation:
K＝－△U＊N/Q
and K is the preset slope, DeltaU is the allowable discharge voltage difference of the single battery cells of the battery pack, N is the number of the single battery cell strings, and Q is the rated electric quantity of the battery pack.
10. The power calibration apparatus of any one of claims 6-9, wherein the power calibration module comprises:
the first power calibration unit is used for calibrating the maximum input power of the motor as the discharge power of the battery pack if the maximum output power of the battery pack is greater than the maximum input power of the motor;
the second power calibration unit is used for calibrating the maximum output power of the battery pack as the discharge power of the battery pack if the maximum output power of the battery pack is less than or equal to the maximum input power of the motor and the maximum output power of the battery pack is greater than or equal to the minimum input power of the motor;
and the third power calibration unit is used for calibrating the discharge power of the battery pack to be 0 if the maximum output power of the battery pack is smaller than the minimum input power of the motor.
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