CN108898884A - A kind of real-time online parking stall monitoring terminal based on TMR - Google Patents
A kind of real-time online parking stall monitoring terminal based on TMR Download PDFInfo
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- CN108898884A CN108898884A CN201811015029.1A CN201811015029A CN108898884A CN 108898884 A CN108898884 A CN 108898884A CN 201811015029 A CN201811015029 A CN 201811015029A CN 108898884 A CN108898884 A CN 108898884A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005358 geomagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
- G08G1/145—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas where the indication depends on the parking areas
- G08G1/146—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas where the indication depends on the parking areas where the parking area is a limited parking space, e.g. parking garage, restricted space
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of, and the real-time online parking stall based on TMR monitors terminal, including：The variation that TMR sensor is used to incude parking stall magnetic field obtains differential signal；Digital control differential gain unit is used to carry out gain to differential signal to obtain gain differential signal；Difference turns single-ended cell and gain differential signal is switched to single-ended signal；Filter unit is filtered acquisition filtering signal to single-ended signal；AD conversion unit is used to filtering signal being converted to digital signal；Window comparator will be for that according to filtering signal and will compare threshold value output high threshold level reference signal or lower threshold level reference signal；MCU unit is to be interrupted and activated by high threshold level reference signal or lower threshold level reference signal, and judge whether parking stall is occupied by vehicle according to digital signal, and judging result is sent to communication unit；Communication unit is for issuing judging result.Parking stall monitoring terminal is affected by environment small, small power consumption, and monitoring accuracy is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of parking space monitoring, in particular to a TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal.
Background
Along with the development of national economy and the improvement of automobile consumption capacity of people, parking spaces of large and medium-sized cities are increasingly in short supply, and the real-time monitoring of the parking spaces of the parking lot to improve the use efficiency is very important.
The traditional parking space monitoring method comprises two modes, namely a manual on-duty patrol statistical mode and a parking lot entrance counting statistical mode. However, the manual on-duty patrol statistical method is high in cost, large in workload and error rate, difficult to time and charge, difficult to master the use condition of the parking spaces in real time and publish the use condition to the outside in time, and the method is only suitable for small parking places with dozens of parking spaces. The statistical mode of the entrance counting of the parking lot is card issuing statistics and scanning charging of workers at the entrance of the parking lot, however, the method cannot count the distribution situation of the empty parking spaces in real time and further cannot provide potential parking clients to remotely inquire the empty parking spaces. In conclusion, the traditional parking space monitoring method cannot accurately display the idle condition of each specific parking space in the parking lot in real time, a car owner cannot conveniently find the parking space in the parking lot, time delay is delayed, congestion is increased, high-level, humanized and intelligent parking complaints when people go out cannot be met, and the parking space monitoring method is more aimour to city parking lot layout planning and charging standard establishment.
For this reason, the related art has developed various forms of vehicle parking monitoring devices, such as ground induction coil parking monitoring devices, infrared parking monitoring devices, and microwave parking monitoring devices; wherein, ground induction coil parking monitoring devices arouses the change of inductance coils inner current using the electromagnetic induction principle, and this ground induction coil parking monitoring devices construction difficulty, the influence between the adjacent inductance coils is great, leads to the accuracy lower, receives damage such as freezing, salt and alkali corrosion easily moreover. The infrared parking monitoring device is a vehicle for monitoring a parking space by utilizing infrared rays, although the construction is simple, the infrared rays are easily influenced by rain, fog, temperature, airflow, light rays and the like, the accuracy is reduced, and the use place is limited. The microwave parking monitoring device has high power consumption, is easily interfered by other moving objects, has the echo influenced by the size of a vehicle, and has a complex judgment algorithm.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal, which is used for solving the problems that the conventional vehicle monitoring device is easily influenced by the environment, the monitoring precision is poor and the power consumption is large.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal, which includes a TMR sensor, a digital control differential gain unit, a differential-to-single end unit, a filtering unit, an analog-to-digital conversion unit, a window comparator, an MCU unit, and a communication unit,
the TMR sensor is used for sensing the change of a magnetic field of a parking space to obtain a differential signal;
the digital control differential gain unit is used for gaining the differential signal to obtain a gain differential signal;
the differential-to-single-ended unit is used for converting the gain differential signal into a single-ended signal;
the filtering unit is used for filtering the single-ended signal to obtain a filtered signal;
the analog-to-digital conversion unit is used for converting the filtering signal into a digital signal;
the window comparator is used for outputting a high threshold level reference signal or a low threshold level reference signal according to the filtering signal and a comparison threshold value, and the comparison threshold value is provided by the MCU unit;
the MCU unit is activated by being interrupted by the high threshold level reference signal or the low threshold level reference signal, judges whether a parking space is occupied by a vehicle according to the digital signal of the analog-to-digital conversion unit, and sends a judgment result to the communication unit;
and the communication unit is used for sending out the judgment result of the MCU unit.
The TMR sensor comprises a TMR chip, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2 and a first capacitor C1, wherein a first end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected with a power supply VCC, and a second end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected with a positive electrode V + of the TMR chip; a first end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected with a negative electrode V-of the TMR chip, and a second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded; two ends of the first capacitor C1 are respectively and electrically connected with the positive electrode V + and the negative electrode V-of the TMR chip.
The TMR sensor further comprises a voltage stabilizing chip D1, wherein the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing chip tube D1 is electrically connected with the negative electrode V-of the TMR chip, and the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing chip D1 is electrically connected with the positive electrode V + of the TMR chip.
Wherein, the internal resistance value of the TMR chip is more than 50 kilo ohm.
The MCU unit is automatically activated according to a preset period, tracks environmental change according to the digital signal of the analog-to-digital conversion unit, and corrects the gain value of the digital control differential gain unit.
The TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal further comprises a digital middle voltage adjusting unit, the digital middle voltage adjusting unit is used for adjusting a middle voltage value of the differential-to-single-ended unit according to the middle voltage value obtained by the MCU unit, and the MCU unit obtains the middle voltage value according to environmental changes.
The real-time online parking space monitoring terminal based on TMR further comprises a comparison threshold value adjusting unit, wherein the comparison threshold value adjusting unit is used for adjusting a comparison threshold value of the window comparator according to the comparison threshold value obtained by the MCU unit, and the comparison threshold value is a reference voltage value obtained by the MCU unit according to environmental changes.
The communication unit is Zigbee, Bluetooth or a narrow-band Internet of things.
Wherein the analog-to-digital conversion unit is integrated with the MCU unit.
The analog-to-digital conversion unit and the MCU unit are two independent devices.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
firstly, the TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal provided by the embodiment of the invention utilizes the TMR sensor to obtain the differential signal according to the change of the magnetic field of the parking space, the TMR chip has low power consumption, long service life and high sensitivity, and can improve the precision of the real-time online parking space monitoring terminal and reduce the operation cost.
And secondly, the digital control differential gain unit gains the differential signal, so that the influence of electromagnetic signals in the environment can be eliminated, and the stability of the differential signal is improved.
And thirdly, the filter circuit can filter impurity signals, further eliminate the interference of other signals and improve the monitoring precision.
And fourthly, the window comparator outputs a high threshold level reference signal (DH) or a low threshold level reference signal (DL) according to the filtering signal and the comparison threshold, wherein the comparison threshold is a reference voltage value given by the MCU unit after being influenced by the environment, so that the DH and the DL take the environmental magnetic field signal into consideration, the change of the vehicle in the two directions of increasing or decreasing and the change of the vehicle passing in and out the parking space pulse signal, the real-time online parking space monitoring terminal can adapt to the change of the environment, and the monitoring precision is improved.
And fifthly, when the parking space is in a dormant state during normal operation, when the magnetic field of the parking space changes, the high threshold level reference signal or the low threshold level reference signal is interrupted, the MCU is activated, the MCU receives the digital signal of the analog-to-digital conversion unit and judges whether the parking space is occupied by the vehicle according to the digital signal, and therefore power consumption is reduced.
Therefore, the TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of low power consumption, long service life, high sensitivity and the like, and the MCU unit automatically tracks the change of the environmental parameters through the digital-to-analog conversion unit, adjusts the comparison threshold value in real time, prevents misjudgment caused by the change of the environmental parameters and further improves the monitoring precision.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a TMR sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
the device comprises a 1-TMR sensor, a 2-digital control differential gain unit, a 3-differential-to-single-ended unit, a 4-filtering unit, a 5-analog-to-digital conversion unit, a 6-window comparator, a 7-MCU unit, an 8-communication unit, a 9-digital middle-position voltage adjusting unit and a 10-comparison threshold adjusting unit.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
This embodiment provides a real-time online parking stall monitor terminal based on TMR. As shown in fig. 1, the TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal includes a TMR sensor 1, a digital control differential gain unit 2, a differential-to-single end unit 3, a filtering unit 4, an analog-to-digital conversion unit 5, a window comparator 6, an MCU unit 7, and a communication unit 8. Wherein,
the TMR sensor 1 is used for sensing the change of a magnetic field of a parking space to obtain a differential signal; TMR sensor 1 can respond to ferromagnetic substance and soft magnetic substance, and many parts in the vehicle are made by ferromagnetic substance, and consequently the geomagnetic field in parking stall is influenced by the vehicle and changes, and the vehicle size is different moreover, and the size that the magnetic field changes is also different, and TMR sensor 1 not only can monitor the magnetic field change in parking stall, can accurately respond to the size that the magnetic field changes moreover to it is more accurate to make the control.
The digital control differential gain unit 2 is used for gaining the differential signal obtained by the TMR sensor 1 to obtain a gain differential signal, so as to eliminate the influence of electromagnetic signals in the environment and improve the stability of the differential signal.
The differential-to-single-ended unit 3 is configured to convert the gain differential signal into a single-ended signal, and the differential-to-single-ended unit 3 may also be implemented by using an instrumentation amplifier.
The filtering unit 4 is used for filtering the single-ended signal to obtain a filtering signal so as to filter the impurity signal and eliminate the interference of other signals, thereby improving the monitoring precision. The filtering unit 4 considers the anti-aliasing requirement of the digital-to-analog conversion unit and the electromagnetic compatibility requirement of the actual circuit, and can be realized by using a commonly used RC circuit. Moreover, according to the actual electromagnetic compatibility requirement, the amplification circuits of the stages in the filter unit 4 are all implemented.
The analog-to-digital conversion unit 5 is configured to convert the filtered signal into a digital signal. The digital-to-analog conversion unit 5 can be an independent device, that is, the analog-to-digital conversion unit 5 and the MCU unit 7 are two independent devices; or may be integrated inside the MCU unit 7, i.e. the analog to digital conversion unit 5 is integrated with the MCU unit 7. The analog-to-digital conversion unit 5 selects the analog-to-digital conversion device with more than 12 bits and low power consumption.
The window comparator 6 is used for outputting a high threshold level reference signal (DH) or a low threshold level reference signal (DL) according to the filtering signal obtained by the filtering unit 4 and a comparison threshold, wherein the comparison threshold is a reference voltage value given by the MCU unit after being influenced by the reference environment, so that the DH and the DL take into account the change of the environment magnetic field signal in two directions of increasing or decreasing under the influence of the vehicle and the change of the pulse signal of the vehicle entering and exiting the parking space, and the real-time online parking space monitoring terminal can be more suitable for the change of the environment, thereby improving the monitoring precision.
The environmental influences include temperature, humidity, ferromagnetic substances and soft magnetic substances near the parking space, and a slow change in the earth magnetic field.
The MCU unit 7 is activated by being interrupted by the high threshold level reference signal or the low threshold level reference signal, and determines whether the parking space is occupied by the vehicle according to the digital signal of the analog-to-digital conversion unit 5, and sends the determination result to the communication unit 8.
In this embodiment, the MCU unit 7 is in a sleep state during normal operation, and when the magnetic field in the parking space changes, the MCU unit 7 is activated only when the high-threshold level reference signal or the low-threshold level reference signal is interrupted, and receives the digital signal from the analog-to-digital conversion unit and determines whether the parking space is occupied by the vehicle according to the digital signal, thereby reducing power consumption.
The communication unit 8 is used for sending out the judgment result of the MCU unit 7. The server in the parking lot can receive the information of the communication unit 8 and issue the state and the statistical result of the parking space in time. In the present embodiment, the communication unit 8 is, but not limited to, Zigbee, bluetooth or narrowband internet of things, but preferably Zigbee is used. The MCU unit 7 and the communication unit 8 may be integrated together or may be implemented separately.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the TMR sensor includes a TMR chip T1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2 and a first capacitor C1, a first end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the power VCC, and a second end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode V + of the TMR chip T1; a first end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected with the negative electrode V-of the TMR chip T1, and a second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded; two ends of the first capacitor C1 are respectively and electrically connected with the positive electrode V + and the negative electrode V-of the TMR chip T1.
In the present embodiment, the resistances of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are preferably equal, and the specific resistance is determined by the power supply VCC and the internal resistance of the TMR chip T1. The first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 reduce the consumption of current of the TMR sensor, and simultaneously ensure that the voltage median of a bridge in the TMR chip T1 is near VCC/2 under the condition of meeting the working range of the TMR chip T1, thereby expanding the dynamic range of signals.
The internal resistance value of the TMR chip T1 is preferably over 50 kohm to reduce the power consumption of the TMR sensor.
As a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the TMR sensor further includes a zener chip D1, the positive electrode of the zener chip D1 is electrically connected to the negative electrode V of the TMR chip T1, and the negative electrode of the zener chip D1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode V + of the TMR chip T1. The voltage stabilizing chip D1 can stabilize the voltage between the negative electrode V-and the positive electrode V + of the TMR chip T1 at a certain value, namely, a reference voltage source is obtained, and the voltage stabilizing chip D1 can ensure that the voltage between the negative electrode V-and the positive electrode V + of the TMR chip T1 is relatively stable when VCC is at different values.
As another preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the MCU unit 7 is automatically activated according to a preset period, that is, the MCU unit 7 is actively activated at regular intervals except for being passively activated by the window comparator 6. After the MCU unit 7 is actively activated, it tracks the environmental change according to the digital signal of the analog-to-digital conversion unit 5 and corrects the gain value of the digitally controlled differential gain unit 2.
The real-time online parking space monitoring terminal based on TMR further comprises a digital middle voltage adjusting unit 9, the digital middle voltage adjusting unit 9 is used for adjusting a middle voltage value of the differential-to-single-ended unit 3 according to the middle voltage value obtained by the MCU unit 7, and the MCU unit 7 obtains the middle voltage value according to environmental changes.
The real-time online parking space monitoring terminal based on TMR further comprises a comparison threshold value adjusting unit 10, wherein the comparison threshold value adjusting unit 10 is used for adjusting the comparison threshold value of the window comparator 6 according to the comparison threshold value obtained by the MCU unit 7, and the comparison threshold value is a reference voltage value obtained by the MCU unit 7 according to environmental changes.
When the MCU unit 7 is actively activated, the TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal provided by the preferred embodiment receives the digital signal of the analog-to-digital conversion unit 5, and automatically tracks the influence of environmental change so as to eliminate the influence of other factors except vehicle in-out signals.
It should be noted that, when the TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal finishes the initial operation after being installed, the digital-to-analog conversion unit 5 is started to sample to obtain an environment signal, the MCU adjusts the gain value of the digital control differential gain unit 2, adjusts the median voltage value of the digital median voltage adjustment unit 9, adjusts the comparison threshold of the comparison threshold adjustment unit 10, and completes the initialization of each unit according to the environment signal of the digital-to-analog conversion unit 5.
The TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of low power consumption, long service life, high sensitivity and the like, and the MCU unit automatically tracks the change of environmental parameters through the digital-to-analog conversion unit, adjusts the comparison threshold value in real time, prevents misjudgment caused by the change of the environmental parameters and further improves the monitoring precision.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal is characterized by comprising a TMR sensor, a digital control differential gain unit, a differential-to-single end unit, a filter unit, an analog-to-digital conversion unit, a window comparator, an MCU unit and a communication unit,
the TMR sensor is used for sensing the change of a magnetic field of a parking space to obtain a differential signal;
the digital control differential gain unit is used for gaining the differential signal to obtain a gain differential signal;
the differential-to-single-ended unit is used for converting the gain differential signal into a single-ended signal;
the filtering unit is used for filtering the single-ended signal to obtain a filtered signal;
the analog-to-digital conversion unit is used for converting the filtering signal into a digital signal;
the window comparator is used for outputting a high threshold level reference signal or a low threshold level reference signal according to the filtering signal and a comparison threshold value, and the comparison threshold value is provided by the MCU unit;
the MCU unit is activated by being interrupted by the high threshold level reference signal or the low threshold level reference signal, judges whether a parking space is occupied by a vehicle according to the digital signal of the analog-to-digital conversion unit, and sends a judgment result to the communication unit;
and the communication unit is used for sending out the judgment result of the MCU unit.
2. The TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal of claim 1, wherein the TMR sensor comprises a TMR chip, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2 and a first capacitor C1, a first end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to a power supply VCC, and a second end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to a positive electrode V + of the TMR chip; a first end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected with a negative electrode V-of the TMR chip, and a second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded; two ends of the first capacitor C1 are respectively and electrically connected with the positive electrode V + and the negative electrode V-of the TMR chip.
3. The TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal according to claim 2, wherein the TMR sensor further comprises a voltage stabilization chip D1, the positive electrode of the voltage stabilization chip D1 is electrically connected to the negative electrode V-of the TMR chip, and the negative electrode of the voltage stabilization chip D1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode V + of the TMR chip.
4. The TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal of claim 2, wherein the internal resistance value of the TMR chip is above 50 kilo ohms.
5. The TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal of claim 1, wherein the MCU unit is automatically activated according to a preset period, tracks environmental changes according to the digital signal of the analog-to-digital conversion unit, and corrects the gain value of the digitally controlled differential gain unit.
6. The TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal according to claim 5, wherein the TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal further comprises a digital middle voltage adjusting unit, the digital middle voltage adjusting unit is configured to adjust a middle voltage value of the differential-to-single-ended unit according to the middle voltage value obtained by the MCU unit, and the MCU unit obtains the middle voltage value according to environmental changes.
7. The TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal according to claim 5, further comprising a comparison threshold adjusting unit for adjusting a comparison threshold of the window comparator according to the comparison threshold obtained by the MCU unit, wherein the comparison threshold is a reference voltage value obtained by the MCU unit according to environmental changes.
8. The TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal of claim 1, wherein the communication unit is Zigbee, Bluetooth or narrow-band Internet of things.
9. The TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal of claim 1, wherein the analog-to-digital conversion unit is integrated with the MCU unit.
10. The TMR-based real-time online parking space monitoring terminal of claim 1, wherein the analog-to-digital conversion unit and the MCU unit are two independent devices.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109559523A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-04-02 | 麦格星航（北京）科技有限公司 | Passive parking stall monitors terminal, parking lot Added Management device and method |
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| CN101960319A (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2011-01-26 | 阿莱戈微系统公司 | Magnetic field sensor with automatic sensitivity adjustment |
| CN107481546A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-15 | 太原理工大学 | A parking space monitoring intelligent sensor and parking space monitoring method |
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2018
- 2018-08-31 CN CN201811015029.1A patent/CN108898884A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6281828B1 (en) * | 1998-03-19 | 2001-08-28 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Analog/digital converter apparatus |
| CN101960319A (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2011-01-26 | 阿莱戈微系统公司 | Magnetic field sensor with automatic sensitivity adjustment |
| CN107481546A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-15 | 太原理工大学 | A parking space monitoring intelligent sensor and parking space monitoring method |
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Application publication date: 20181127 |