CN108896599B - System and method for testing gas-water relative permeability curve - Google Patents
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
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- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 65
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种测试气水相对渗透率曲线的系统及方法，系统包括岩心夹持器，岩心夹持器的围压出口端到围压入口端之间串联第一回压阀、工质瓶、循环泵、加热器，岩心夹持器的入口端设置一号并联管线、二号并联管线、三号并联管线，一号并联管线连接中间容器、恒速恒压泵，二号并联管线连接加湿器、稳压器、减压阀、气瓶；三号并联管线设放空阀；岩心夹持器的出口端设第一并联管线、第二并联管线，第一并联管线连真空泵，第二并联管线连第二回压阀、计量装置。方法包括：S1、准备；S2、岩心饱和地层水；S3、岩心束缚水状态下气相有效渗透率测定；S4、气水相对渗透率测定；S5、岩心残余气状态下水相有效渗透率测定；S6、气水相对渗透率曲线绘制。
The invention discloses a system and method for testing a gas-water relative permeability curve. The system includes a core holder, and a first back pressure valve and a working medium are connected in series between the confining pressure outlet end and the confining pressure inlet end of the core holder. Bottles, circulating pumps, heaters, and the inlet end of the core holder are provided with No. 1 parallel pipeline, No. 2 parallel pipeline, and No. 3 parallel pipeline. No. 1 parallel pipeline is connected to the intermediate container, constant speed and constant pressure pump, and No. 2 parallel pipeline is connected Humidifier, voltage regulator, pressure reducing valve, gas cylinder; No. 3 parallel pipeline is provided with a vent valve; the outlet end of the core holder is provided with a first parallel pipeline and a second parallel pipeline, the first parallel pipeline is connected to the vacuum pump, and the second parallel pipeline is connected to the vacuum pump. The pipeline is connected to the second back pressure valve and the metering device. The methods include: S1, preparation; S2, core saturated formation water; S3, determination of gas phase effective permeability in the state of core irreducible water; S4, determination of gas-water relative permeability; S5, determination of water phase effective permeability in the state of core residual gas; S6 , and the relative permeability curve of gas and water.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及石油与天然气领域，特别涉及一种测试气水相对渗透率曲线的系统及方法。The invention relates to the field of oil and natural gas, in particular to a system and method for testing a gas-water relative permeability curve.
背景技术Background technique
气水相对渗透率曲线是水驱气藏开发工程中不可或缺的资料，是计算水驱气效率，预测气藏开发指标，分析气藏开发动态，研究气水两相渗流物理特征和开展气藏数值模拟研究的重要基础。The gas-water relative permeability curve is an indispensable data in the development of water-driven gas reservoirs. An important basis for numerical simulation research in Tibet.
目前，我国气水相对渗透率曲线室内实验测试主要根据现行的中华人民共和国石油天然气行业标准(SY/T5345-2007“岩石中两相流体相对渗透率测定方法”)和中华人民共和国国家标准(GB/T28912-2012“岩石中两相流体相对渗透率测定方法”)。前述标准中，气水相对渗透率曲线的测试方法主要有稳态法和非稳态气驱水法两类。其中：At present, the laboratory test of gas-water relative permeability curve in my country is mainly based on the current petroleum and natural gas industry standard of the People's Republic of China (SY/T5345-2007 "Determination of relative permeability of two-phase fluids in rocks") and the national standard of the People's Republic of China (GB /T28912-2012 "Method for the determination of relative permeability of two-phase fluids in rocks"). In the aforementioned standards, the testing methods of the gas-water relative permeability curve mainly include the steady-state method and the unsteady gas-flooding-water method. in:
稳态法的基本原理是一维达西渗流，其实验过程要求必须在保证不产生紊流的条件下，采用较大的驱替压差以消除实验过程中末端效应的影响，标准中规定被测试的岩心气测渗透率需大于0.5mD，因此其适用范围有限。此外，稳态法还存在实验测试周期长以及流体饱和度确定过程较为复杂的不足。The basic principle of the steady state method is one-dimensional Darcy seepage. The experimental process requires a large displacement pressure difference to eliminate the influence of the end effect in the experimental process under the condition of ensuring no turbulent flow. The tested core gas permeability should be greater than 0.5mD, so its scope of application is limited. In addition, the steady-state method has the disadvantages of a long experimental test period and a complicated process for determining the fluid saturation.
非稳态气驱水法的理论基础是Buckley-Leverett的水驱油前缘推进理论。其实验测试过程中，流体在多孔介质中分布是时间和空间的函数，致使出口端记录数据是不断变化的，相对渗透率曲线测试结果的可靠性受计算方法和计算过程的精度影响很大，且存在数据处理过程复杂的不足。同时，该理论的假设条件中要求不考虑流体的可压缩性，这对于油水这类微可压缩流体而言是可行的，但对于气体这类可压缩流体是不可行的。此外，在实际气藏开发过程都是水驱气，而非气驱水，且气水相对渗透率曲线受流体饱和顺序影响很大，采用非稳态气驱水法测试出的相对渗透率曲线对实际水驱气藏开发的指导意义不大。The theoretical basis of the unsteady gas-flooding water method is Buckley-Leverett's water-flooding front advancing theory. During the experimental test, the distribution of fluid in the porous medium is a function of time and space, resulting in the continuous change of the recorded data at the outlet. The reliability of the relative permeability curve test results is greatly affected by the calculation method and the accuracy of the calculation process. And there is a shortage of complex data processing process. At the same time, the assumptions of the theory require that the compressibility of the fluid is not considered, which is feasible for micro-compressible fluids such as oil and water, but not feasible for compressible fluids such as gas. In addition, in the actual gas reservoir development process, water is used to drive gas, not water, and the relative permeability curve of gas and water is greatly affected by the fluid saturation sequence. The relative permeability curve measured by the unsteady gas drive water method It has little guiding significance for the development of actual water-driven gas reservoirs.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明提供一种测试气水相对渗透率曲线的系统及方法，本发明不仅符合水驱气藏的实际开发过程，而且有效地克服了现有方法的不足。The invention provides a system and method for testing the relative permeability curve of gas and water. The invention not only conforms to the actual development process of water drive gas reservoirs, but also effectively overcomes the shortcomings of the existing methods.
本发明的目的是这样实现的：The object of the present invention is achieved in this way:
一种非稳态水驱气法测试气水相对渗透率曲线的系统，包括岩心夹持器、核磁共振装置，所述核磁共振装置用于检测岩心夹持器内的岩心，所述岩心夹持器具有入口端、出口端、围压入口端、围压出口端，所述岩心夹持器的入口端、出口端均设有阀门，常态下，所述岩心夹持器入口端、出口端的阀门处于关闭状态，A system for testing a gas-water relative permeability curve by an unsteady water-driven gas method, comprising a core holder and a nuclear magnetic resonance device, wherein the nuclear magnetic resonance device is used to detect the core in the core holder, and the core holds the core The core holder has an inlet end, an outlet end, a confining pressure inlet end, and a confining pressure outlet end. The inlet end and the outlet end of the core holder are provided with valves. Under normal conditions, the valves at the inlet end and the outlet end of the core holder are is closed,
所述岩心夹持器的围压出口端到围压入口端之间依次串联第一回压阀、工质瓶、循环泵、加热器，并形成环路，所述第一回压阀连接用于控制第一回压阀压力的第一回压泵，所述工质瓶内装有用于核磁共振驱替实验中施加围压的液体工质；A first back pressure valve, a working fluid bottle, a circulating pump and a heater are connected in series between the confining pressure outlet end of the core holder and the confining pressure inlet end to form a loop. The first back pressure valve is connected to In the first back pressure pump that controls the pressure of the first back pressure valve, the working fluid bottle is filled with a liquid working fluid for applying confining pressure in the nuclear magnetic resonance displacement experiment;
所述岩心夹持器的入口端设置一号并联管线、二号并联管线、三号并联管线，所述一号并联管线依次连接有中间容器、恒速恒压泵，所述中间容器中装有实验地层水；所述二号并联管线依次连接有加湿器、稳压器、减压阀、气瓶；所述三号并联管线设置放空阀；The inlet end of the core holder is provided with a No. 1 parallel pipeline, a No. 2 parallel pipeline, and a No. 3 parallel pipeline. The No. 1 parallel pipeline is sequentially connected with an intermediate container and a constant speed and constant pressure pump, and the intermediate container is equipped with Experimental formation water; the No. 2 parallel pipeline is sequentially connected with a humidifier, a voltage regulator, a pressure reducing valve, and a gas cylinder; the No. 3 parallel pipeline is provided with a vent valve;
所述岩心夹持器的出口端设置第一并联管线、第二并联管线，所述第一并联管线连接真空泵，所述第二并联管线依次连接第二回压阀、用于计量液体的计量装置，所述计量装置连接有气体流量计，所述第二回压阀连接用于控制第二回压阀压力的第二回压泵。The outlet end of the core holder is provided with a first parallel pipeline and a second parallel pipeline, the first parallel pipeline is connected to a vacuum pump, and the second parallel pipeline is sequentially connected to a second back pressure valve and a metering device for measuring liquid , the metering device is connected with a gas flow meter, and the second back pressure valve is connected with a second back pressure pump for controlling the pressure of the second back pressure valve.
优选地，还包括计算机控制终端，所述计算机控制终端与核磁共振装置、恒速恒压泵、循环泵、加热器、第一回压泵、第二回压泵、计量装置连接。Preferably, it also includes a computer control terminal, which is connected to the nuclear magnetic resonance device, the constant speed and constant pressure pump, the circulating pump, the heater, the first back pressure pump, the second back pressure pump, and the metering device.
优选地，所述中间容器中的实验地层水根据实际气藏实验地层水矿物组分配置。Preferably, the experimental formation water in the intermediate container is configured according to the mineral composition of the experimental formation water in the actual gas reservoir.
一种非稳态水驱气法测试气水相对渗透率曲线的方法，包括一种非稳态水驱气法测试气水相对渗透率曲线的系统，方法包括以下步骤：A method for testing a gas-water relative permeability curve by an unsteady water-flooding gas method, including a system for testing a gas-water relative permeability curve by an unsteady water-flooding gas method, and the method includes the following steps:
S1、实验准备S1. Experiment preparation
S2、岩心饱和实验地层水S2, core saturation experiment formation water
S21、将岩心装入岩心夹持器，启动循环泵、加热器和第一回压泵，设置循环泵驱替压力、第一回压阀压力和加热器温度，循环泵的驱替压力高于回压阀压力，建立测试所需的温度压力条件；S21. Load the core into the core holder, start the circulating pump, the heater and the first back pressure pump, set the displacement pressure of the circulating pump, the pressure of the first back pressure valve and the temperature of the heater, and the displacement pressure of the circulating pump is higher than Back pressure valve pressure to establish the temperature and pressure conditions required for the test;
S22、打开放空阀，启动恒速恒压泵恒压驱替，驱替压力低于围压，用实验地层水排空恒速恒压泵出口端管线中的空气，然后关闭放空阀，使恒速恒压泵出口端管线内流体压力达到恒速恒压泵的驱替压力后，关闭恒速恒压泵；S22. Open the vent valve, start the constant speed and constant pressure pump for constant pressure displacement, the displacement pressure is lower than the confining pressure, use the experimental formation water to empty the air in the pipeline at the outlet end of the constant speed and constant pressure pump, and then close the vent valve to make the constant pressure After the fluid pressure in the pipeline at the outlet end of the constant speed constant pressure pump reaches the displacement pressure of the constant speed constant pressure pump, the constant speed constant pressure pump is turned off;
S23、打开岩心夹持器出口端的阀门，启动真空泵，将岩心抽真空，然后关闭出口端阀门，关闭真空泵；S23. Open the valve at the outlet end of the core holder, start the vacuum pump, and evacuate the core, then close the valve at the outlet end, and turn off the vacuum pump;
S24、启动恒速恒压泵，相同压力恒压驱替，打开岩心夹持器入口端阀门，使岩心饱和实验地层水，然后关闭岩心夹持器入口端阀门，关闭恒速恒压泵；S24. Start the constant-speed and constant-pressure pump, displace with the same pressure and constant pressure, open the valve at the inlet end of the core holder to saturate the core with the experimental formation water, then close the valve at the inlet end of the core holder, and close the constant-speed and constant-pressure pump;
S25、采用核磁共振检测饱和水状态下岩心的T2图谱；S25, using nuclear magnetic resonance to detect the T2 spectrum of the core under saturated water state;
S3、岩心束缚水状态下的气相有效渗透率测定S3. Determination of gas-phase effective permeability in the state of core irreducible water
S31、打开放空阀、气瓶，用气体排空气瓶出口端管线中的实验地层水，然后关闭放空阀，待气瓶出口端管线中的流体压力稳定后，打开岩心夹持器入口端阀门和岩心夹持器出口端阀门，恒压驱替，直至计量装置显示结果不再变化；S31. Open the vent valve and the gas cylinder, use the gas to exhaust the experimental formation water in the pipeline at the outlet end of the gas cylinder, then close the vent valve, and after the fluid pressure in the pipeline at the outlet end of the gas cylinder is stabilized, open the valve at the inlet end of the core holder and The valve at the outlet end of the core holder is displaced by constant pressure until the measurement device shows that the result does not change;
S32、采用核磁共振检测束缚水状态下岩心的T2图谱，计算岩心束缚水饱和度；S32, using nuclear magnetic resonance to detect the T2 spectrum of the core in the state of irreducible water, and calculate the irreducible water saturation of the core;
S33、采用气体流量计，记录当前驱替压差下气体流量，计算岩心在束缚水状态下的气相有效渗透率；S33, using a gas flow meter to record the gas flow under the current displacement pressure difference, and calculate the gas-phase effective permeability of the core in the state of irreducible water;
S34、关闭岩心夹持器入口端阀门、岩心夹持器出口端阀门、气瓶和气体流量计；S34, close the valve at the inlet end of the core holder, the valve at the outlet end of the core holder, the gas cylinder and the gas flow meter;
S4、气水相对渗透率测定S4. Determination of relative permeability of gas and water
S41、启动恒速恒压泵和第二回压泵，设置恒速恒压泵的驱替压力和第二回压阀的压力，以恒定驱替压差，采用水驱气直至岩心夹持器的出口端不再产生气泡，记录岩心夹持器入口端和岩心夹持器出口端在不同时间节点的压力、实验地层水流量和岩心的T2图谱，计算不同时间节点岩心水饱和度以及对应的水相有效渗透率；S41. Start the constant speed and constant pressure pump and the second back pressure pump, set the displacement pressure of the constant speed constant pressure pump and the pressure of the second back pressure valve, and use water to drive the gas until the core holder with a constant displacement pressure difference. No bubbles are generated at the outlet end of the core holder, record the pressure at the inlet end of the core holder and the outlet end of the core holder at different time nodes, the experimental formation water flow and the T2 map of the core, and calculate the core water saturation at different time nodes and the corresponding Effective permeability of water phase;
S42、根据不同时间节点岩心水饱和度的变化情况，计算出不同时间节点岩心中的气量变化率，从而计算出不同时刻的气流量以及气相有效渗透率；S42, according to the change of the water saturation of the core at different time nodes, calculate the change rate of the gas volume in the core at different time nodes, so as to calculate the gas flow rate and the gas phase effective permeability at different times;
S5、岩心残余气状态下的水相有效渗透率测定S5. Determination of effective permeability of water phase in the state of core residual gas
S51、检测残余气状态下岩心的T2图谱，计算岩心残余气饱和度；S51. Detect the T2 spectrum of the core in the residual gas state, and calculate the residual gas saturation of the core;
S52、以恒定压力驱替实验地层水，计量当前驱替压差下实验地层水流量，计算岩心在残余气状态下的水相有效渗透率；S52. Displace the experimental formation water with a constant pressure, measure the flow rate of the experimental formation water under the current displacement pressure difference, and calculate the water phase effective permeability of the core in the state of residual gas;
S6、气水相对渗透率曲线绘制S6. Drawing of the relative permeability curve of gas and water
以岩心含水饱和度值为横坐标，以相对渗透率值为纵坐标，建立直角坐标系，采用平滑曲线分别绘制不同岩心含水饱和度对应的气相相对渗透率曲线和水相相对渗透率曲线。Taking the core water saturation as the abscissa and the relative permeability as the ordinate, a Cartesian coordinate system was established, and the gas-phase relative permeability curves and water-phase relative permeability curves corresponding to different core water saturations were drawn by smooth curves.
优选地，S33中，连续计算三次岩心在束缚水状态下的气相有效渗透率，并使相对误差小于3％。Preferably, in S33, the gas phase effective permeability of the core in the irreducible water state is continuously calculated three times, and the relative error is less than 3%.
优选地，S52中，连续计算三次岩心在残余气状态下的水相有效渗透率，并使相对误差小于3％。Preferably, in S52, the effective permeability of the water phase of the core in the residual gas state is continuously calculated three times, and the relative error is less than 3%.
由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明测试精度高，方法简单，实验测试周期短，适用范围广泛。Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the present invention has high test accuracy, simple method, short experimental test period and wide application range.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
参见图1，一种非稳态水驱气法测试气水相对渗透率曲线的系统，包括岩心夹持器、核磁共振装置，所述核磁共振装置用于检测岩心夹持器内的岩心，岩心夹持器、核磁共振装置的结构和工作方法与专利申请号为：201510392019.X的发明专利申请相同，所述岩心夹持器具有入口端、出口端、围压入口端、围压出口端，所述岩心夹持器的入口端、出口端均设有阀门，常态下，所述岩心夹持器入口端、出口端的阀门处于关闭状态。Referring to Fig. 1, a system for testing the relative permeability curve of gas and water by non-steady water drive gas method includes a core holder and a nuclear magnetic resonance device, the nuclear magnetic resonance device is used to detect the core in the core holder, the core The structure and working method of the holder and the nuclear magnetic resonance device are the same as the invention patent application with the patent application number: 201510392019.X. The core holder has an inlet end, an outlet end, a confining pressure inlet end, and a confining pressure outlet end, The inlet end and the outlet end of the core holder are provided with valves, and under normal conditions, the valves at the inlet end and the outlet end of the core holder are in a closed state.
所述岩心夹持器的围压出口端到围压入口端之间依次串联第一回压阀(图中表示为回压阀)、工质瓶、循环泵、加热器，并形成环路，用于提供围压以及核磁共振，所述第一回压阀连接用于控制第一回压阀压力的第一回压泵(图中表示为回压泵)，所述工质瓶内装有用于核磁共振驱替实验中施加围压的液体工质。A first back pressure valve (represented as a back pressure valve in the figure), a working fluid bottle, a circulating pump, and a heater are connected in series between the confining pressure outlet end and the confining pressure inlet end of the core holder to form a loop, Used to provide confining pressure and nuclear magnetic resonance, the first back pressure valve is connected to a first back pressure pump (represented as a back pressure pump in the figure) for controlling the pressure of the first back pressure valve, and the working fluid bottle is equipped with a The liquid working medium to which the confining pressure is applied in the NMR flooding experiment.
所述岩心夹持器的入口端设置一号并联管线、二号并联管线、三号并联管线，所述一号并联管线依次连接有中间容器、恒速恒压泵，所述中间容器中装有实验地层水，所述中间容器中的实验地层水根据实际气藏实验地层水矿物组分配置。所述恒速恒压泵采用高精度恒速恒压泵。所述二号并联管线依次连接有加湿器、稳压器、减压阀、气瓶，本实施例中采用氮气瓶；所述三号并联管线设置放空阀；The inlet end of the core holder is provided with a No. 1 parallel pipeline, a No. 2 parallel pipeline, and a No. 3 parallel pipeline. The No. 1 parallel pipeline is sequentially connected with an intermediate container and a constant speed and constant pressure pump, and the intermediate container is equipped with For the experimental formation water, the experimental formation water in the intermediate container is configured according to the mineral components of the experimental formation water in the actual gas reservoir. The constant speed constant pressure pump adopts a high precision constant speed constant pressure pump. The No. 2 parallel pipeline is sequentially connected with a humidifier, a voltage regulator, a pressure reducing valve, and a gas cylinder, and a nitrogen cylinder is used in this embodiment; the No. 3 parallel pipeline is provided with a vent valve;
所述岩心夹持器的出口端设置第一并联管线、第二并联管线，所述第一并联管线连接真空泵，所述第二并联管线依次连接用于控制第二回压阀压力的第二回压阀、计量装置，所述计量装置连接有气体流量计，所述第二回压阀的回压端连接第二回压泵(图中表示为回压泵)。The outlet end of the core holder is provided with a first parallel pipeline and a second parallel pipeline, the first parallel pipeline is connected to the vacuum pump, and the second parallel pipeline is sequentially connected to the second return valve for controlling the pressure of the second back pressure valve. A pressure valve and a metering device, the metering device is connected with a gas flow meter, and the back pressure end of the second back pressure valve is connected to a second back pressure pump (represented as a back pressure pump in the figure).
还包括计算机控制终端，所述计算机控制终端与核磁共振装置、恒速恒压泵、循环泵、加热器、第一回压泵、第二回压泵、计量装置连接。计算机控制终端获取各设备的信息，并根据测试需要控制各设备。It also includes a computer control terminal, which is connected with the nuclear magnetic resonance device, the constant speed and constant pressure pump, the circulating pump, the heater, the first back pressure pump, the second back pressure pump, and the metering device. The computer control terminal obtains the information of each device, and controls each device according to the test needs.
一种非稳态水驱气法测试气水相对渗透率曲线的方法，包括一种非稳态水驱气法测试气水相对渗透率曲线的系统，方法包括以下步骤：A method for testing a gas-water relative permeability curve by an unsteady water-flooding gas method, including a system for testing a gas-water relative permeability curve by an unsteady water-flooding gas method, and the method includes the following steps:
S1、实验准备S1. Experiment preparation
S11、制备岩心、清洗、烘干，测量岩心直径和长度，气测岩心孔隙度和绝对渗透率；特别地，根据标准，实验岩心气测渗透率需要大于0.01mD才可用于测试气水相对渗透率曲线；S11. Prepare the core, clean and dry it, measure the diameter and length of the core, and measure the porosity and absolute permeability of the core by gas; in particular, according to the standard, the gas permeability of the experimental core needs to be greater than 0.01mD before it can be used to test the relative permeability of gas and water rate curve;
S12、配置实验地层水，并转入中间容器；特别地，实验采用高纯度氮气代替天然气；S12, configure the experimental formation water, and transfer it to the intermediate container; in particular, the experiment uses high-purity nitrogen instead of natural gas;
S13、按照实验流程图连接相关实验设备，检验实验设备连接处，确保实验全程无泄漏；S13. Connect the relevant experimental equipment according to the experimental flow chart, and check the connection of the experimental equipment to ensure that there is no leakage throughout the experiment;
S14、根据中华人民共和国石油天然气行业标准(SY/T6490-2007“岩样核磁共振参数实验室测量规范”)设置核磁共振测试参数；S14. Set the NMR test parameters according to the petroleum and natural gas industry standard of the People's Republic of China (SY/T6490-2007 "Laboratory Measurement Specification for NMR Parameters of Rock Samples");
S2、岩心饱和实验地层水S2, core saturation experiment formation water
S21、将岩心装入岩心夹持器，启动循环泵、加热器和第一回压泵，设置循环泵驱替压力、第一回压阀压力和加热器温度，循环泵的驱替压力高于回压阀压力，建立测试所需的温度压力条件；S21. Load the core into the core holder, start the circulating pump, the heater and the first back pressure pump, set the displacement pressure of the circulating pump, the pressure of the first back pressure valve and the temperature of the heater, and the displacement pressure of the circulating pump is higher than Back pressure valve pressure to establish the temperature and pressure conditions required for the test;
S22、打开放空阀，启动恒速恒压泵恒压驱替，驱替压力低于围压，用实验地层水排空恒速恒压泵出口端管线中的空气，然后关闭放空阀，使恒速恒压泵出口端管线内流体压力达到恒速恒压泵的驱替压力后，关闭恒速恒压泵；S22. Open the vent valve, start the constant speed and constant pressure pump for constant pressure displacement, the displacement pressure is lower than the confining pressure, use the experimental formation water to empty the air in the pipeline at the outlet end of the constant speed and constant pressure pump, and then close the vent valve to make the constant pressure After the fluid pressure in the pipeline at the outlet end of the constant speed constant pressure pump reaches the displacement pressure of the constant speed constant pressure pump, the constant speed constant pressure pump is turned off;
S23、打开岩心夹持器出口端的阀门，启动真空泵，将岩心抽真空，然后关闭出口端阀门，关闭真空泵；S23. Open the valve at the outlet end of the core holder, start the vacuum pump, and evacuate the core, then close the valve at the outlet end, and turn off the vacuum pump;
S24、启动恒速恒压泵，相同压力恒压驱替，打开岩心夹持器入口端阀门，使岩心饱和实验地层水，然后关闭岩心夹持器入口端阀门，关闭恒速恒压泵；S24. Start the constant-speed and constant-pressure pump, displace with the same pressure and constant pressure, open the valve at the inlet end of the core holder to saturate the core with the experimental formation water, then close the valve at the inlet end of the core holder, and close the constant-speed and constant-pressure pump;
S25、采用核磁共振检测饱和水状态下岩心的T2图谱；S25, using nuclear magnetic resonance to detect the T 2 spectrum of the core under saturated water state;
S3、岩心束缚水状态下的气相有效渗透率测定S3. Determination of gas-phase effective permeability in the state of core irreducible water
S31、打开放空阀、气瓶，用氮气排空气瓶出口端管线中的实验地层水，然后关闭放空阀，待气瓶出口端管线中的流体压力稳定后，打开岩心夹持器入口端阀门和岩心夹持器出口端阀门，恒压驱替，直至计量装置显示结果不再变化，说明气驱水结束，意味着实验过程中岩心束缚水已经建立；S31. Open the vent valve and the gas cylinder, use nitrogen to exhaust the experimental formation water in the pipeline at the outlet end of the gas cylinder, then close the vent valve, and after the fluid pressure in the pipeline at the outlet end of the gas cylinder is stabilized, open the valve at the inlet end of the core holder and The valve at the outlet end of the core holder is driven by constant pressure until the metering device shows that the result does not change, indicating that the gas drive water is over, which means that the core irreducible water has been established during the experiment;
S32、采用核磁共振检测束缚水状态下岩心的T2图谱，计算岩心束缚水饱和度；S32, using nuclear magnetic resonance to detect the T 2 spectrum of the core in the state of irreducible water, and calculate the irreducible water saturation of the core;
S33、采用气体流量计，记录当前驱替压差下气体流量，计算岩心在束缚水状态下的气相有效渗透率；连续计算三次岩心在束缚水状态下的气相有效渗透率，并使相对误差小于3％。S33. Use a gas flow meter to record the gas flow under the current displacement pressure difference, and calculate the gas-phase effective permeability of the core under the irreducible water state; continuously calculate the gas-phase effective permeability of the core under the irreducible water state for three times, and make the relative error less than 3%.
S34、关闭岩心夹持器入口端阀门、岩心夹持器出口端阀门、气瓶和气体流量计；S34, close the valve at the inlet end of the core holder, the valve at the outlet end of the core holder, the gas cylinder and the gas flow meter;
S4、气水相对渗透率测定S4. Determination of relative permeability of gas and water
S41、启动恒速恒压泵和第二回压泵，设置恒速恒压泵的驱替压力和第二回压泵的回压，以恒定驱替压差，采用水驱气直至岩心夹持器的出口端不再产生气泡，记录岩心夹持器入口端和岩心夹持器出口端在不同时间节点的压力、实验地层水流量和岩心的T2图谱，计算不同时间节点岩心水饱和度以及对应的水相有效渗透率；S41. Start the constant speed and constant pressure pump and the second back pressure pump, set the displacement pressure of the constant speed constant pressure pump and the back pressure of the second back pressure pump, and use water to drive the gas until the core is clamped with a constant displacement pressure difference. No bubbles are generated at the outlet end of the core holder, record the pressure at the inlet end of the core holder and the outlet end of the core holder at different time nodes, the experimental formation water flow and the T 2 map of the core, and calculate the core water saturation at different time nodes and Corresponding effective permeability of water phase;
S42、根据不同时间节点岩心水饱和度的变化情况，采用物质平衡原理，即岩心孔隙体积恒定，计算出不同时间节点岩心中的气量变化率，从而计算出不同时刻的气流量以及气相有效渗透率。S42. According to the change of water saturation of the core at different time points, the principle of material balance is adopted, that is, the pore volume of the core is constant, and the change rate of the gas volume in the core at different time points is calculated, so as to calculate the gas flow rate and the gas phase effective permeability at different times. .
S5、岩心残余气状态下的水相有效渗透率测定S5. Determination of effective permeability of water phase in the state of core residual gas
S51、检测残余气状态下岩心的T2图谱，计算岩心残余气饱和度；S51. Detect the T2 spectrum of the core under the residual gas state, and calculate the residual gas saturation of the core ;
S52、以恒定压力驱替实验地层水，计量当前驱替压差下实验地层水流量，计算岩心在残余气状态下的水相有效渗透率；连续计算三次岩心在残余气状态下的水相有效渗透率，并使相对误差小于3％。S52. Displace the experimental formation water with a constant pressure, measure the flow rate of the experimental formation water under the current displacement pressure difference, and calculate the water phase effective permeability of the core under the residual gas state; continuously calculate the water phase effective permeability of the core under the residual gas state for three times. permeability and make the relative error less than 3%.
S6、气水相对渗透率曲线绘制S6. Drawing of the relative permeability curve of gas and water
以岩心含水饱和度值为横坐标，以相对渗透率值为纵坐标，建立直角坐标系，采用平滑曲线分别绘制不同岩心含水饱和度对应的气相相对渗透率曲线和水相相对渗透率曲线。Taking the core water saturation as the abscissa and the relative permeability as the ordinate, a Cartesian coordinate system was established, and the gas-phase relative permeability curves and water-phase relative permeability curves corresponding to different core water saturations were drawn by smooth curves.
参见图1，本发明各并联管线与岩心夹持器连接的一端均设有阀门，所述阀门均采用闸阀。需要测定压力的地方均设有压力表，需要测定温度的地方均设有温度计。Referring to FIG. 1 , one end of each parallel pipeline of the present invention connected to the core holder is provided with a valve, and the valve is a gate valve. Pressure gauges are installed wherever pressure needs to be measured, and thermometers are installed wherever temperature needs to be measured.
最后说明的是，以上优选实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管通过上述优选实施例已经对本发明进行了详细的描述，但本领域技术人员应当理解，可以在形式上和细节上对其做出各种各样的改变，而不偏离本发明权利要求书所限定的范围。Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should Various changes may be made in details without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
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