CN108894909A - A kind of horizontal tube pneumatic type apparatus for generating electricity by wave force to navigate - Google Patents

Abstract

A navigable horizontal tube pneumatic wave power generation device, including a hull, a wave energy conversion mechanism, a power propulsion mechanism, and an anchoring system; the wave energy conversion mechanism consists of a horizontal tube, a vertical cavity, a generator, an air turbine Composition; the horizontal pipe is horizontally arranged below the hull, and its two ends are open, and the vertical pipe cavity is directly installed above the horizontal pipe, and one end communicates with the horizontal pipe, and the other end is contracted to connect with the air turbine. connection; the generator is installed on the air turbine; the power propulsion mechanism is used to push the wave power generation device to sail; the mooring system is arranged on the hull for positioning the wave power generation device on the sea surface; After the wave power generation device stops at the target position, seawater enters from the two ports of the horizontal pipe and forms a water column in the vertical pipe, and the water column surface forms an air chamber with the air turbine and the pipe wall of the vertical cavity, which is caused by the action of waves. The water column moves in the air chamber, and the air movement energy in the air chamber is converted into electrical energy output through the air turbine and generator. The advantages are simple structure, high conversion efficiency, convenient maintenance and good seaworthiness.

Description

A navigable horizontal tube aerodynamic wave power generation device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of wave energy conversion, in particular to a navigable horizontal tube aerodynamic wave power generation device.

Background technique

Wave energy resources are abundant and have great potential for development and utilization. However, the cost of developing and utilizing ocean wave energy is high due to factors such as extremely unstable wave energy, distance from the mainland, harsh ocean environment, seawater corrosion, and marine organisms. These costs are mainly reflected in the material cost, construction cost, conversion mechanism cost, launch, transportation and recovery cost, anchoring cost, maintenance cost and environmental cost of the device.

At present, there are many kinds of wave energy utilization technologies, and the floating wave energy utilization technology has become the mainstream of research because of its wide adaptability. Floating and oscillating buoy technology uses waves to push one floating body relative to another floating body (supporting platform) to translate or rotate to convert energy. The device developed based on this technology must be double (multiple) floating bodies and submerged or semi-submerged in seawater. The utilization rate of materials is low (double or multiple floating bodies), the interaction between floating bodies is unavoidable, the influence of marine organisms is large, the release time is long (the adjustment of floating state requires time and equipment), mechanical failure is easy to occur, and maintenance is difficult, and its cost performance is affected. The impact of the technical route is limited. Floating surfing technology uses the climbing effect of waves to convert wave energy into potential energy of seawater. The device developed based on this technology is characterized by a single floating body (bearing platform), and the device must bear the weight of the conversion carrier (seawater), so its structural scale It is huge and requires high strength. Under the joint action of wind, waves and currents, the mooring system is complex and requires a large investment. The turbine is in contact with seawater, which is greatly affected by marine organisms, and its development is slow. Floating oscillating water column technology uses a cavity to convert wave energy into aerodynamic energy in the air chamber through the movement of seawater relative to the floating body. It is characterized by a single floating body, high material utilization, and no collision problem. The air turbine and generator are located on the water surface. It is not affected by sea water and marine organisms, and it is easy to maintain. The most famous form of floating oscillating water column technology is the backbend pipe technology, which is mainly composed of connected horizontal pipes and vertical pipes (collectively called L-shaped pipes), air chambers, buoyancy chambers, air turbines, and generators. The vertical pipe is vertical, and the air chamber is above the vertical pipe. At present, the L-shaped pipe generally adopts a quadrilateral form with equal cross-sectional areas. The buoyancy chamber is a rectangular parallelepiped or a circular shape at the front and back. Backbending techniques are generally divided into 2 levels of conversion: primary conversion and 2nd level conversion. The primary conversion is the conversion of wave energy to aerodynamic energy (assessed by the capture width ratio), and the second-order conversion is the conversion of aerodynamic energy to electrical energy. Under the condition of loose mooring regular waves in the wide pool, the measured value of the captured width ratio reaches up to 204.5% (Liang Xianguang, Sun Peiya), and under the condition of random waves, the measured value of the captured width ratio reaches up to 87.2% (Wu Bi-jun, Li Meng, Wu Ru-kang, Zhang Yun-qiu, Peng Wen. Experimental study on primary efficiency of a new pentagonal backward bent duct buoy and assessment of prototypes, Renewable Energy 113(2017) 774-783, the first author is the first inventor), The capture-to-width ratio is the highest among all floating technologies (Wu Bijun, Chen Tianxiang, Jiang Jiaqiang, Li Gang, Zhang Yunqiu, & Ye Yin. Economic Assessment of Wave Power Boat Based on the Performance of “Mighty Whale” and BBDB, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 81(2018) 946-953, the first author is the first inventor). The latest test by a third party (National Ocean Technology Center) on the new pentagonal back-bend small prototype pool shows that the wave-to-electricity conversion efficiency is up to 35.65% under the regular wave battery load, and the wave-to-electricity conversion efficiency is the highest under the random wave battery load. The efficiency reaches 26.66%, reaching the international leading level. Backbend tube technology exhibits high energy conversion properties. Compared with other wave energy utilization devices, the backbend device has a shallower draft, which is convenient for hauling and dropping, and does not require floating state adjustment, which makes on-site construction simple.

The air turbine is one of the key equipment in the oscillating water column wave energy device. The improvement of the conversion efficiency of the air turbine under the unsteady air flow has a great impact on improving the conversion efficiency of the entire device. Currently, the air turbine used in the oscillating water column technology There are Wells turbines, impulse turbines and variants thereof. Japanese scholars conducted actual sea conditions tests and showed that the same wave force device adopts Wells turbine, and the conversion efficiency from wave energy to electricity is less than 5%, and the conversion efficiency is very low. In low sea conditions and medium sea conditions, the air turbine developed by Wavegen is used to make the conversion efficiency from aerodynamic power to electric power reach nearly 60%. The back-bent tube technology is based on the current experimental basis (the capture width ratio can reach up to 87.2% under random wave conditions) and the combination of advanced air turbine technology (pneumatic to electrical conversion efficiency can reach 60% under real sea conditions), and it is expected to realize from The conversion efficiency of wave energy to electric energy reaches 50% (87.2%×60%=52.32%), and the best multi-floor wave energy technology has a maximum conversion efficiency of about 25% from wave energy to electric energy).

Although the draft of the backbend is relatively shallow, simple, and has high conversion efficiency, the frontal surface is a plane during towing, and the towing damping is large. In order to reduce the towing damping, it is a measure to open a gate on the panel. The size of the gate is equal to the cross-sectional area of the horizontal tube of the rear bend pipe, which can greatly reduce the drag damping of the rear bend pipe device, but the opening of the gate requires a set of mechanical and power mechanisms, which increases the manufacturing cost and unreliability of the device.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, and provide a navigable horizontal tube aerodynamic wave power generation device with simple structure, high conversion efficiency and good seaworthiness.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A navigable horizontal tube pneumatic wave power generation device, including a hull, a wave energy conversion mechanism, a power propulsion mechanism, and an anchoring system; the wave energy conversion mechanism consists of a horizontal tube, a vertical cavity, a generator, an air turbine Composition; the horizontal pipe is horizontally arranged below the hull, and its two ends are open, and the vertical pipe cavity is directly installed above the horizontal pipe, and one end communicates with the horizontal pipe, and the other end is contracted to connect with the air turbine. connection; the generator is installed on the air turbine; the power propulsion mechanism is used to push the wave power generation device to sail; the mooring system is arranged on the hull for positioning the wave power generation device on the sea surface; After the wave power generation device stops at the target position, seawater enters from the two ports of the horizontal tube and forms a water column in the vertical cavity, and the water column surface forms an air chamber with the air turbine and the tube wall of the vertical cavity. The water column is caused to move in the air chamber, and the air movement energy in the air chamber is converted into electrical energy output through the air turbine and generator.

As an improvement of the above solution, the cross-section of the horizontal tube is pentagonal, and one of its pointed faces is vertically downward.

As an improvement of the above solution, the cross-section of the vertical pipe is quadrilateral.

As an improvement of the above solution, the hull includes a cabin, a deck, and a cockpit, the deck is arranged on the upper surface of the cabin, and the cockpit is arranged on the deck.

As an improvement of the above solution, the power propulsion mechanism includes a rudder and a propeller, and the rudder and the propeller are arranged at the rear and lower part of the wave power generating device and are controlled through the cockpit.

As an improvement of the above scheme, the mooring system includes windlasses, anchor chains and anchors connected in sequence, and the three sets of mooring systems are respectively arranged on the bow of the wave power generation device, and on the left and right sides of the stern. Location.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The present invention adopts single-floor horizontal tube aerodynamic technology to open the flow channel, which not only reduces the wave reflection on the front face, but also leaves a channel to reduce the influence of sailing damping and tidal current on the motion state and conversion efficiency of the device, and at the same time improves the capture Wider width ratio, wider response frequency band, lower cost and higher reliability. An electric drive mechanism is installed at the bottom of the ship, including rudders and propellers, so that the device has self-propelled power, which creates conditions for the device to move and self-propelled into the port to avoid typhoons, and can also make full use of the electric power converted by waves as propulsion power. The device can be used for fixed-point power generation and navigation power generation. When used at a fixed point, the facing surface of the tail of the device can always face the waves to achieve efficient conversion; when sailing, if the sailing direction is consistent with the wave direction, efficient energy conversion can be achieved, and when it is reversed, the conversion efficiency is greatly reduced. A windlass is installed on the deck of the nearly pentagonal device, and the anchor is released and retracted by using the windlass to facilitate the deployment and recovery of the device. The invention transforms the pipeline structure, so that the vertical cavity and the horizontal tube are independent, so that the fluid in the pipeline communicates with the external fluid through the two ports of the horizontal tube, and the rear bending device communicates with the external fluid through a tail port. The difference is a brand new technology. When the device is in the state of wave power generation, the penetrating horizontal pipe makes the reflected wave area of the facing wave surface smaller although the draft of the device is larger, which reduces the energy loss of the reflected wave and improves the conversion efficiency of the device; The unique horizontal tube reduces the resistance of the device when it is self-propelled, reduces the installed power of the power equipment, reduces investment, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. Equipped with power equipment and anchor handling system, it solves the problem of high cost of device transportation and movement, and at the same time reduces the construction cost of the device and anchoring system. This type of device has a simple structure and self-propelled function, which makes the strength of the device body and the mooring system only need to meet the ship design standards, which reduces the material cost and construction cost of the device, and reduces the design difficulty of the mooring system against harsh environments. The cost of marine construction projects is reduced, and the safety of the device is improved. This invention has laid a foundation for realizing low-cost, wide sea area and high-efficiency utilization of wave energy.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a wave power generating device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the wave power generating device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the trapping width ratio curve when the channel is closed and opened according to the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: hull 1, wave energy conversion mechanism 2, power propulsion mechanism 3, mooring system 4, horizontal pipe 5, vertical cavity 6, generator 7, air turbine 8, water column 9, air chamber 10, cabin 11 , deck 12, cockpit 13, rudder 14, propeller 15, windlass 16, anchor chain 17, anchor 18.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a navigable horizontal tube aerodynamic wave power generation device includes a hull 1, a wave energy conversion mechanism 2, a power propulsion mechanism 3, and an anchoring system 4; the wave energy conversion mechanism 2 It is composed of a horizontal tube 5, a vertical cavity 6, a generator 7, and an air turbine 8; the cross section of the horizontal tube 5 is pentagonal, and one of its pointed faces is vertically downward. The horizontal pipe 5 is horizontally arranged below the hull 1, and its two ends are open. The cross-section of the vertical chamber 6 is a quadrilateral, and the vertical chamber 6 is vertically installed above the horizontal pipe 5, and one end communicates with the horizontal pipe 5, and the other end is contracted and connected with the air turbine 8; The generator 7 is installed on the air turbine 8; the power propulsion mechanism 3 is used to propel the wave power generation device to sail; the mooring system 4 is arranged on the hull 1 for positioning the wave power generation device on the sea surface ; After the wave power generation device stops at the target position, seawater enters from the two ports of the horizontal pipe 5 and forms a water column 9 in the vertical cavity 6, and the surface of the water column 9 forms with the tube wall of the air turbine 8 and the vertical cavity 6 The air chamber 10 causes the water column 9 to move in the air chamber 10 through the action of waves, and the air movement energy in the air chamber 10 is converted into electrical energy output through the air turbine 8 and the generator 7 . The hull 1 includes a cabin 11 , a deck 12 , and a cockpit 13 , the deck 12 is set on the upper surface of the cabin 11 , and the cockpit 13 is set on the deck 12 . The power propulsion mechanism 3 includes a rudder 14 and a propeller 15, and the rudder 14 and the propeller 15 are arranged at the rear and lower part of the wave power generating device and are controlled through the cockpit 13. The mooring system 4 includes a windlass 16, an anchor chain 17 and an anchor 18 connected in sequence, and three sets of the mooring system 4 are respectively arranged at the bow and the left and right sides of the stern of the wave power generation device. .

The horizontal pipe 5 of the above scheme is "open flow", we call this technology the aerodynamic wave energy utilization technology of the single buoyant horizontal straight-through pipe. When short-period small waves act on the device, the device hardly moves, and the wave energy enters the quadrangular vertical cavity 6 from the tail port of the horizontal tube 5, and directly pushes the water column 9 in the air chamber 10 to move, so that the air in the air chamber 10 flows , and then push the air turbine 8 generators 7 groups to generate electricity, which is the fixed (shore) oscillating water column conversion mechanism; when long-period large waves act on the device, the entire device moves, which will drive the water column 9 in the air chamber 10 to relative The device generates a large movement, pushes the air in the air chamber 10 to flow, and then drives the air turbine 8 to generate electricity, which is almost the same as the mechanism of the oscillating float technology converting wave energy. This technology not only integrates the advantages of the oscillating water column technology and the conversion efficiency of the oscillating float technology, but also inherits the simple characteristics of the oscillating water column technology (simple, low production and use costs, reliability, high safety, and strong maintainability). If the pentagonal horizontal tube 5 tail port is closed, the pentagonal horizontal tube 5 and the quadrilateral vertical cavity have just constituted an "L" type pipeline, and the device has now become a back bend wave energy utilization device, and the pentagonal horizontal tube Tube 5 "Runner Closure". Under almost the same conditions, we conducted a comparative study on the first-stage energy conversion efficiency (capture width ratio, CWR) of the two devices, and the research results are shown in Figure 3. In Fig. 3, the line with red triangles represents the capture width ratio when the "flow channel is closed", that is, the capture width ratio of the back bend pipe technology model, and the line with black quadrilaterals represents the capture width ratio when the "flow channel is open" , that is, the capture width ratio of the single-floor horizontal straight-through tube aerodynamic model. Comparing the two lines, it can be seen that the capture width ratios of the two models are close to the peak values under the condition of a large period, but the capture width ratio of the single-floor horizontal straight-through tube aerodynamic technology model is much higher than that of the back-bent tube technology model at a small period. width ratio. Apparently, the frequency response width of the trapping width ratio is widened for the horizontal single floating body and the straight-through pipe aerodynamic technology model compared with the back-bent pipe technology model. In addition, compared with the aerodynamic technical model of the single-floor horizontal straight-through pipe, compared with the technical model of the rear-bent pipe, since the horizontal straight-through pipe is a channel, the navigational resistance is greatly reduced.

The above detailed description is a specific description of the feasible embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is not used to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation or change that does not deviate from the present invention should be included in the patent scope of this case. middle.

Claims (6)

1. A navigable horizontal tube aerodynamic wave power generation device is characterized in that it comprises a hull, a wave energy conversion mechanism, a power propulsion mechanism, and an anchoring system; the described wave energy conversion mechanism consists of a horizontal tube, a vertical cavity, Composed of a generator and an air turbine; the horizontal tube is horizontally arranged below the hull, and its two ends are open; Afterwards, it is connected with the air turbine; the generator is installed on the air turbine; the power propulsion mechanism is used to push the wave power generation device to sail; the described mooring system is arranged on the hull for the wave power generation device Positioning on the sea surface; after the wave power generation device is docked at the target position, sea water enters from the two ports of the horizontal tube and forms a water column in the vertical cavity, and the water column surface forms an air chamber with the air turbine and the tube wall of the vertical cavity , the water column moves in the air chamber through the action of waves, and the air movement energy in the air chamber is converted into electrical energy output through the air turbine and generator. 2. A navigable horizontal tube aerodynamic wave power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal tube is a through-pipe with a pentagonal cross-section and a sharp corner Face straight down. 3. A navigable horizontal tube aerodynamic wave power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the vertical tube is quadrilateral. 4. A navigable horizontal tube aerodynamic wave power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the hull includes a cabin, a deck, and a cockpit, and the deck is arranged on the upper surface of the cabin, so that The cockpit described above is arranged on the deck. 5. A navigable horizontal tube aerodynamic wave power generation device according to claim 4, wherein said power propulsion mechanism comprises a rudder and a propeller, and said rudder and propeller are arranged on the wave power generation device Below the rear, the controls are through the cockpit. 6. A navigable horizontal tube aerodynamic wave power generation device according to claim 4, wherein said mooring system comprises windlasses, anchor chains and anchors connected in sequence, and three sets of said mooring systems The systems are respectively arranged on the bow of the ship and the positions on the left and right sides of the stern of the wave power generating device.