CN108890132A - A kind of spot welding method of laser arc swing - Google Patents
A kind of spot welding method of laser arc swing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108890132A CN108890132A CN201810831043.2A CN201810831043A CN108890132A CN 108890132 A CN108890132 A CN 108890132A CN 201810831043 A CN201810831043 A CN 201810831043A CN 108890132 A CN108890132 A CN 108890132A
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- Prior art keywords
- spot welding
- laser
- metal plate
- welding
- swing
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- Pending
Links
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/22—Spot welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of spot welding method of laser arc swing, is related to a kind of spot welding method.The present invention is to solve in the overlapped points welding process of existing zinc plated sheet metal, the technical issues of a large amount of zinc fume can be generated in welding process, causes serious spatter.The present invention：One, pre-processing is carried out to the multiple metal plates for needing spot welding, and enumerated；Two, laser beam swing along arc track and be applied to welding region, form fusing solder joint.Relative to resistance spot welding, laser arc swing spot welding of the invention does not have the requirement of adjacent welds minimum interval, can greatly improve welded performance especially rigidity；Laser arc swing spot welding of the invention can be in the solder joint of 0.4s or so completion diameter 6mm or more, improve welding efficiency, the good solder joint of forming can be obtained for surface treated metal plate, the method of the present invention can be widely suitable for robot welding, improve the degree of automation of laser arc swing spot welding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of spot welding methods.
Background technique
Spot-welding technology is a kind of most important connection method of current connection sheet lap connector, the weldering as a kind of maturation
It is all very extensive to connect application of the technique in various industrial productions.The type of spot welding is very more, there is traditional resistance spot welding, electric arc
Spot welding also has the laser spot welding quickly grown in recent years, friction stir spot welding and compound spot welding etc..Traditional resistance spot welding requirement
Electrode contact weld body structure surface, it is lower for the feasibility of welds of complex structural member, and because of the shunting function of electric current, it is adjacent
Solder joint has the setting of minimum interval, seriously constrains welded performance, especially for the higher knot of some rigidity requirements
Component.
Laser spot welding has distinctive advantage compared with traditional resistance spot welding, is suitable for as a kind of new spot welding mode
Weld the stainless sheet steel welding structural element of some high performance requirements.Due to making heat source using laser, spot welding speed is fast, precision
Height, heat input is small, and workpiece deformation is small；The accessibility of laser is preferable, it is possible to reduce limitation when spot welding on position and structure；Swash
Luminous point weldering belongs to contactless welding, and the adjustable range of the parameters such as the distance between solder joint, amount of lap is big, for complicated bonding machine
Structure adaptability is good.
But found in actual application, in common surface treated metal plate, such as galvanized steel plain sheet is taken
Connect in welding process, because the boiling point of zinc is lower in zinc coat, a large amount of zinc fume can be generated in welding process, these gases by
In no other exclusion channels, metal discharge can only be melted by upper layer in a short time, so that serious welding be caused to fly
It splashes, or even carry out welding can not.In addition, consulting literatures are found, if the laser spot welding of fixed point will form the weldering of diameter 6mm
Point, weld interval, lower welding efficiency constrained the large-scale use of laser spot welding in the factory generally in 1s or more.
Summary of the invention
It is a large amount of the present invention is to solve that can be generated in the overlapped points welding process of existing zinc plated sheet metal, in welding process
Zinc fume, the technical issues of causing serious spatter, and a kind of spot welding method of laser arc swing is provided.
A kind of spot welding method of laser arc swing of the invention carries out according to the following steps：
One, multiple metal plates to spot welding are subjected to oxide film dissolving, degreased and processing of rust removing, it then will be to the more of spot welding
A metal plate is placed up and down, and the distance between adjacent two layers metal plate is divided into following two situation：
1., when there is one or two surface treated face in two opposite faces in adjacent two layers metal plate, up and down
Retain gap between adjacent metal plate, the gap is less than the thickness of two neighbouring metal plates metal plate at the middle and upper levels
Degree；
Described is that surface is zinc-plated or surface is coated with weld bonding adhesive by surface treatment；
2., when two opposite face non-surface treateds in adjacent two layers metal plate, neighbouring metal plate is tight
Contiguity touching retains gap, and the gap is less than the thickness of two neighbouring metal plates metal plate at the middle and upper levels；
The surface treatment is that surface is zinc-plated or surface coats weld bonding adhesive；
Two, laser scanning track is set as N number of connected circular arc two-by-two, the scanning direction of circular arc be from solder joint center to
Solder joint periphery, RMFor the radius of m-th circular arc, M is less than or equal to N, and the end of the M-1 circular arc is the beginning of m-th circular arc, will
Laser beam carries out swing spot welding along arc track and is applied to pad formation melting range；The M and N is positive integer, and N
≥2；
When M is less than N, RMGreater than RM-1；
When M is equal to N, RM≥RM-1。
The cardinal principle of laser arc swing spot welding of the present invention is to provide surface-treated layer by the gap between metal plate
Gas such as zinc fume passing away, laser circular arc scanning direction be from inside to outside, i.e., laser energy is driven from inside to outside
The gas of surface-treated layer such as zinc fume is spread around from solder joint center, is avoided because of scanning direction from outside to inside, and outer ring is first
The problem of welding, double layer of metal plate connection blocking gap, making the gas such as zinc fume of surface-treated layer can not be discharged.And phase
For Fixed Point Laser spot welding, heat transfer and thermal convection of the expansion of spot size mainly by molten bath, the spot welding of laser arc swing according to
The area increase that swing by galvanometer irradiates laser directly saves weld interval.
Method of the invention mainly has following several respects advantage：
1, relative to resistance spot welding, laser arc swing spot welding does not have the requirement of adjacent welds minimum interval, can be very big
The welded performance of raising especially rigidity；
2, relative to Fixed Point Laser spot welding, the spot welding of laser arc swing can complete diameter 6mm or more in 0.4s or so
Solder joint improves welding efficiency, can obtain the good solder joint of forming for surface treated metal plate such as galvanized steel plain sheet；
3, it since without other attachment devices, the method for the present invention can be widely suitable for robot welding, improves and swashs
The degree of automation of light arc swing spot welding.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for testing laser arc swing welder in one；
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view for testing laser arc swing welding process in one；
Fig. 3 is the schematic top plan view for testing laser arc swing welding process in one；
Fig. 4 is the schematic top plan view for testing laser arc swing welding process in one；
Fig. 5 is the schematic top plan view for testing laser arc swing welding process in one；
Fig. 6 is the schematic top plan view for testing laser arc swing welding process in one；
Fig. 7 is the front view of Fig. 2；
Fig. 8 is the front view of Fig. 3；
Fig. 9 is the front view of Fig. 4；
Figure 10 is the front view of Fig. 5；
Figure 11 is the front view of Fig. 6.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment one：Present embodiment is a kind of spot welding method of laser arc swing, specifically presses following step
Suddenly it carries out：
One, multiple metal plates to spot welding are subjected to oxide film dissolving, degreased and processing of rust removing, it then will be to the more of spot welding
A metal plate is placed up and down, and the distance between adjacent two layers metal plate is divided into following two situation：
1., when there is one or two surface treated face in two opposite faces in adjacent two layers metal plate, up and down
Retain gap between adjacent metal plate, the gap is less than the thickness of two neighbouring metal plates metal plate at the middle and upper levels
Degree；
Described is that surface is zinc-plated or surface is coated with weld bonding adhesive by surface treatment；
2., when two opposite face non-surface treateds in adjacent two layers metal plate, neighbouring metal plate is tight
Contiguity touching retains gap, and the gap is less than the thickness of two neighbouring metal plates metal plate at the middle and upper levels；
The surface treatment is that surface is zinc-plated or surface coats weld bonding adhesive；
Two, laser scanning track is set as N number of connected circular arc two-by-two, the scanning direction of circular arc be from solder joint center to
Solder joint periphery, RMFor the radius of m-th circular arc, M is less than or equal to N, and the end of the M-1 circular arc is the beginning of m-th circular arc, will
Laser beam carries out swing spot welding along arc track and is applied to pad formation melting range；The M and N is positive integer, and N
≥2；
When M is less than N, RMGreater than RM-1；
When M is equal to N, RM≥RM-1。
Specific embodiment two：The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that：Metal described in step 1
Plate is steel plate or aluminium sheet.Other are same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment three：The present embodiment is different from the first and the second embodiment in that：Step 1 1. in it is upper
Under to retain the method in gap between adjacent metal plate be to place clearance gauge between two adjacent metal plates.Other and specific reality
It is identical to apply mode one or two.
Specific embodiment four：Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to three：Institute in step 1
The weld bonding adhesive stated is epoxyn.Other are identical as one of specific embodiment one to three.
Specific embodiment five：Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to four：Institute in step 2
The power for the laser beam stated is 4000W~6000W.Other are identical as one of specific embodiment one to four.
The present invention is verified with following tests：
Test one：This test is a kind of spot welding method of laser arc swing, such as Fig. 1-Figure 11, specifically according to the following steps
It carries out：
One, oxide film dissolvings will be carried out to the two of spot welding metal plates (P1 and P2), degreased and processing of rust removing, it then will be to
Up and down horizontal positioned (P1 is in the top of P2), two metal plates (P1 and P2) are that upper and lower surface is plated to two metal plates of spot welding
The low-carbon steel plate Q195 plate of zinc, thickness are 1.8mm, retain gap 0.3mm between two metal plates；
Two, laser scanning track is set as 5 circular arcs being connected two-by-two, the scanning direction of circular arc is from solder joint center C
To solder joint periphery, RMFor the radius of m-th circular arc, the end that M is less than or equal to the 5, the 1st circular arc is the beginning of the 2nd circular arc, the
The end of 2 circular arcs is the beginning of the 3rd circular arc, and the end of the 3rd circular arc is the beginning of the 4th circular arc, the end of the 4th circular arc
End is the beginning of the 5th circular arc, and laser beam is carried out swing spot welding along arc track and is applied to pad formation melting range；
R2Greater than R1, R3Greater than R2, R4Greater than R3, R5=R4。
Step 1 1. in neighbouring metal plate between retain gap method be two adjacent metal plates it
Between place clearance gauge；The power of laser beam described in step 2 is 4000W~6000W.
1, about welder：
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for executing the device that the laser arc swing of this test welds, and is solder joint W as shown in Figure 1
Welded condition view in transverse direction, laser soldering device includes laser emitter 01, the first rotating electric machine 02, second
Rotating electric machine 03, the first driving mirror G1, the second driving mirror G2.First driving mirror G1 and the second driving mirror G2 are set and can pass through
First rotating electric machine 02 and the regulation of the second rotating electric machine 03, rotate, this makes laser beam L via first rotating around the shaft of motor
The reflection of the driving of driving mirror G1 and second mirror G2 can be irradiated to the surface of metal plate (P1 and P2) according to preset track；
02 and G1 constitutes a galvanometer in figure, and 03 motor and G2 constitute a galvanometer.
2, about the formation of solder joint：
In this test, two metal plates P1, P2 are welded by laser beam L in Fig. 1.Wherein Fig. 2-Figure 11 is shown
Laser beam L is projected on metal plate P1 according to preset arc swing track.As shown in Fig. 2, laser beam L is in initial point
C starts along circular arc R1It is scanned so that circular arc R in Fig. 21Neighbouring metal molten forms solder joint W；Then as shown in Figure 3,
Laser beam L continues along circular arc R2It is scanned, circular arc R2Radius be greater than circular arc R1Radius so that solder joint W continues to expand.This
Afterwards, as shown in Figure 4-Figure 6, laser beam L continues on circular arc R shown in figure3、R4、R5It is mobile to obtain final solder joint W.It is worth
, it is noted that such as Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, arc radius R4=R5, this point E (Fig. 6) that laser beam flying is terminated and Fig. 5 laser start
Point S be overlapped, will not there are unfused regions between twice sweep radius at the end of ensure that welding.
It is practical although this test sets the generation that identical sweep radius avoids unfused region in fig. 5 and fig.
Middle sweep radius R5Sweep radius R can be greater than4。
Claims (5)
1. a kind of spot welding method of laser arc swing, it is characterised in that the spot welding method of laser arc swing is according to the following steps
It carries out：
One, multiple metal plates to spot welding are subjected to oxide film dissolving, degreased and processing of rust removing, then by multiple gold to spot welding
Belong to plate to place up and down, the distance between adjacent two layers metal plate is divided into following two situation：
1., when there is one or two surface treated face in two opposite faces in adjacent two layers metal plate, it is neighbouring
Metal plate between retain gap, the gap is less than the thickness of two neighbouring metal plates metal plate at the middle and upper levels；
Described is that surface is zinc-plated or surface is coated with weld bonding adhesive by surface treatment；
2., when two opposite face non-surface treateds in adjacent two layers metal plate, neighbouring metal plate closely connects
Touching retains gap, and the gap is less than the thickness of two neighbouring metal plates metal plate at the middle and upper levels；
The surface treatment is that surface is zinc-plated or surface coats weld bonding adhesive；
Two, laser scanning track is set as N number of circular arc being connected two-by-two, the scanning direction of circular arc is from solder joint center to solder joint
Periphery, RMFor the radius of m-th circular arc, M is less than or equal to N, and the end of the M-1 circular arc is the beginning of m-th circular arc, by laser
Beam carries out swing spot welding along arc track and is applied to pad formation melting range；The M and N is positive integer, and N >=2；
When M is less than N, RMGreater than RM-1；
When M is equal to N, RM≥RM-1。
2. a kind of spot welding method of laser arc swing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step 1
Metal plate is steel plate or aluminium sheet.
3. a kind of spot welding method of laser arc swing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1 1. in it is upper
Under to retain the method in gap between adjacent metal plate be to place clearance gauge between two adjacent metal plates.
4. a kind of spot welding method of laser arc swing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step 1
Weld bonding adhesive is epoxyn.
5. a kind of spot welding method of laser arc swing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step 2
The power of laser beam is 4000W~6000W.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810831043.2A CN108890132A (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | A kind of spot welding method of laser arc swing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810831043.2A CN108890132A (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | A kind of spot welding method of laser arc swing |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108890132A true CN108890132A (en) | 2018-11-27 |
Family
ID=64351771
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810831043.2A Pending CN108890132A (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | A kind of spot welding method of laser arc swing |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020179418A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2020-11-05 | デルタ工業株式会社 | Laser welding method and laser welding device |
| CN112518125A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-19 | 长春理工大学 | Laser spot welding method |
| CN115609152A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2023-01-17 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Four-layer plate laser spiral spot welding process for lap joint structure of side wall and floor |
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| CN115609152A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2023-01-17 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Four-layer plate laser spiral spot welding process for lap joint structure of side wall and floor |
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Application publication date: 20181127 |