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CN108873444B - Flexible light guide plate and flexible display - Google Patents

Flexible light guide plate and flexible display Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108873444B
CN108873444B CN201810783990.9A CN201810783990A CN108873444B CN 108873444 B CN108873444 B CN 108873444B CN 201810783990 A CN201810783990 A CN 201810783990A CN 108873444 B CN108873444 B CN 108873444B
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Prior art keywords
electrode
substrate
guide plate
light guide
flexible light
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CN201810783990.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108873444A (en
Inventor
唐敏
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TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133305Flexible substrates, e.g. plastics, organic film
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133615Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a flexible light guide plate and a flexible display, wherein the flexible light guide plate comprises: a transparent substrate including a first substrate and a second substrate; the transparent electrode comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode is arranged on the surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and the second electrode corresponds to the first electrode and is arranged on the surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate; the PDLC layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate. The invention can keep better backlight uniformity of the display in a bending state by adjusting the size of scattering dots formed by the PDLC layer in an on-state.

Description

Flexible light guide plate and flexible display
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a flexible light guide plate and a flexible display.
Background
PDLC is polymer dispersed liquid crystal, also called liquid crystal light adjusting film, which is a material with electro-optic response characteristic obtained by mixing low molecular liquid crystal with prepolymer glue, forming micron-sized liquid crystal microdroplets through polymerization reaction under certain conditions, uniformly dispersing the microdroplets in a high molecular network and then utilizing dielectric anisotropy of liquid crystal molecules. In the conventional application, PDLC is used as a light guide plate, and the uniformity of the flexible backlight is improved by a special pattern design, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 1a is a schematic diagram of a total reflection principle of PDLC in an off state, and fig. 1b is a schematic diagram of a total reflection principle of PDLC in an on state, it can be known that PDLC has electrical characteristics that total reflection can normally occur when no voltage is applied, and scattering can be generated as a dot after pressurization.
Currently, the small-sized LCD mainly uses a side-in type backlight. The side-in backlight is characterized in that an LED point light source is converted into a surface light source by utilizing the total reflection of a light guide plate, and partial light rays emitted by an LED are greater than the critical angle of the light guide plate and are subjected to total reflection. The light guide plate is provided with scattering mesh points, and the mesh points mainly have the function of destroying total reflection and enabling light rays to be emitted out of the light guide plate. And optical films such as a diffusion sheet, a prism sheet and the like are matched to realize a uniform display effect.
In general, scattering dots are manufactured on a light guide plate by using an inkjet printing, laser printing or mold forming method, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a side-entry type backlight plate in the prior art, the distribution density of dots close to an LED area is low, the dot radius is small, the density of dots far away from the LED area is high, and the dot radius is large, so that the dot design is suitable for a backlight of a flat panel display. As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3a is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of total reflection of an entrance-type backlight panel in a flat state, and fig. 3b is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of total reflection of an entrance-type backlight panel in a curved state, with the development of a flexible display technology, the conventional backlight technology cannot achieve a uniform display effect in a curved state, and an incident angle of the backlight at a curved position is smaller than a critical angle, so that total reflection is destroyed to generate light leakage, and backlight distribution of a display panel is not uniform.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a flexible light guide plate and a flexible display, and effectively solves the problem of uneven display backlight distribution caused by bending of a display panel.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: provided is a flexible light guide plate including: a transparent substrate including a first substrate and a second substrate; the transparent electrode comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode is arranged on the surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and the second electrode corresponds to the first electrode and is arranged on the surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate; the PDLC layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate.
Wherein, the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively arranged at equal intervals.
The flexible light guide plate further comprises frame glue, the frame glue is arranged on the peripheries of the first substrate and the second substrate, and the PDLC layer is sealed by matching the first substrate and the second substrate.
When the first substrate and the second substrate are in a flat state, the center point of the first electrode of each first substrate is overlapped with the center point of the second electrode on one second substrate in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate or the second substrate.
One of the first electrode on the first substrate and the second electrode on the second substrate is positively charged, and the other is negatively charged.
One of the first electrode and the second electrode is equal in size, and the other electrode is increased in proportion along the direction far away from the light source.
The first electrode and the second electrode are in a rectangular, square, circular or rhombic shape.
And the distance between the first electrodes or the second electrodes is not less than the length of the long side or the short side or the diameter of the first electrodes or the second electrodes.
Wherein the first electrode or the second electrode has an added value of 5 to 50 microns for an equal scale increase.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts another technical scheme that: there is provided a flexible display including a flexible light guide plate having all the above features.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: different from the prior art, when the display panel is bent, the size of scattering dots formed by the PDLC layer in the on-state is adjusted by changing the relative area of the first electrode and the second electrode, so that the display can keep better backlight uniformity in the bent state.
Drawings
FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of total reflection of the PDLC in an off state, and FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of total reflection of the PDLC in an on state;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a side-entry backlight panel of the prior art;
FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram illustrating total reflection of the side-entry backlight panel in a flat state, and FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram illustrating total reflection of the side-entry backlight panel in a curved state;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the flexible light guide plate in a flat state;
FIG. 5a is a schematic diagram of an electrode design on a first substrate of a flexible light guide plate, and FIG. 5b is a schematic diagram of an electrode design on a second substrate of a flexible light guide plate;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the flexible display.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the flexible light guide plate in a flat state. The flexible light guide plate comprises a transparent substrate, a transparent electrode, a PDLC layer 405 and a frame glue 406.
The transparent substrate includes a first substrate 401 and a second substrate 402, and the transparent electrode includes a first electrode 403 and a second electrode 404. The first electrode 403 is disposed on a surface of the first substrate 401 facing the second substrate 402, and the second electrode 404 corresponds to the first electrode 403 and is disposed on a surface of the second substrate 402 facing the first substrate 401.
In terms of material selection, the materials and sizes of the first substrate 401 and the second substrate 402 are the same, and the materials of the first electrode 403 and the second electrode 404 may be reasonably selected according to practical situations, which is not limited herein.
The PDLC layer 405 is disposed between the first substrate 401 and the second substrate 402. The sealant 406 is disposed around the first substrate 401 and the second substrate 402, and is used to seal the PDLC layer 405 by matching the first substrate 401 and the second substrate 402. The material of the sealant 406 can be selected reasonably according to actual situations, and is not limited herein. And an LED light source is disposed at one side of the flexible light guide plate.
In a specific embodiment, the specific process for manufacturing the flexible light guide plate is as follows: a first electrode 403 and a second electrode 404 are respectively formed on the first substrate 401 and the second substrate 402, the electrode forming method may be a photolithography method, or other methods for forming electrodes, and is not limited herein; after the first electrode 403 and the second electrode 404 are manufactured, injecting PDLC between the first electrode 403 and the second electrode 404 to form a PDLC layer 405; finally, the sealant 406 is used to seal the peripheral portions of the first substrate 401 and the second substrate 402.
When the light guide plate is in a flat state, i.e., as shown in fig. 4, the center point of the first electrode 403 on each first substrate 401 coincides with the center point of the second electrode 404 on one second substrate 402 in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 401 or the second substrate 402. In the electrical connection mode, the first electrode 403 on the first substrate 401 may be positively charged, and the second electrode 404 on the second substrate 402 may be negatively charged, or the first electrode 403 on the first substrate 401 may be negatively charged, and the second electrode 404 on the second substrate 402 may be positively charged, which is not limited herein. When the first electrode 403 on the first substrate 401 and the second electrode 404 on the second substrate 402 are electrically connected, the PDLC layer 405 between the first electrode 403 and the corresponding second electrode 404 is affected by a voltage, so that the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules therein is changed, thereby forming a scattering dot.
When the light guide plate is in a bent state, the relative positions of the first substrate 401 and the second substrate 402 are shifted from each other in a straight state due to the influence of the internal stress. Specifically, the flexible light guide plate is affected by internal stress, the first electrode 403 on the first substrate 401 is displaced from the second electrode 404 on the second substrate 402, and the central points of the first electrode 403 and the second electrode 404 corresponding thereto do not coincide with each other in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 401 or the second substrate 402. And at one side close to the LED light source, the corresponding area of the first electrode 403 and the corresponding second electrode 404 in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate 401 or the second substrate 403 is reduced, so that the area of the PDLC layer controlled by the corresponding area is reduced, and further the scattering dots therein are also reduced, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the light scattering degree.
The electrode pattern may be designed to be rectangular, square, circular, diamond, etc., and the shape may be set according to actual conditions, which is not limited herein.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5a is a schematic diagram of an electrode design on a first substrate of a flexible light guide plate, and the transparent substrate and the transparent electrode in fig. 5a are the same as the first substrate 401 and the first electrode 403 in fig. 4; fig. 5b is a schematic diagram of the design of electrodes on the second substrate of the flexible light guide plate, and the transparent substrate and the transparent electrodes in fig. 5b are the same as the second substrate 402 and the second electrodes 404 in fig. 4. The first electrode 403 and the second electrode 404 are square patterns, for example, and the first electrode 403 and the second electrode 404 are respectively disposed at equal intervals in the electrode connecting line direction. The dimension of the side of the square of the first electrode 403 is kept constant, and the side of the square of the second electrode 404 is increased proportionally along the direction far away from the light source. In other embodiments, the side length of the square of the second electrode 404 may be kept constant, and the side length of the square of the first electrode 403 may be increased proportionally in a direction away from the light source. The distance between the first electrodes 403 or the second electrodes 404 is not less than the length of the own side length of the first electrodes 403 or the second electrodes 404. The same is true when the shape of the first electrode 403 or the second electrode 404 is a diamond. If other patterns are selected, such as circular patterns, the distance between the first electrodes 403 and the second electrodes 404 is not less than the length of the diameter of the first electrodes 403 and the second electrodes 404. For example, in the case of a rectangular shape, the distance between the first electrodes 403 and the second electrodes 404 is not smaller than the length of the long side and the short side of the first electrodes 403 and the second electrodes 404. Specifically, the first electrodes 403 and the second electrodes 404 are respectively disposed at equal intervals in the electrode connecting line direction, and preferably, the side length L of the first electrodes 403 is between 50 micrometers and 500 micrometers, and the pitch D of the first electrodes 403 in the electrode line direction is 500 micrometers or more. The AD side corresponds to the A 'D' side, the BC side corresponds to the B 'C' side, one side of the AD side and the A 'D' side is the side close to the LED light source, and one side of the BC side and the B 'C' side is the side far away from the LED light source. Fig. 5a is a schematic design diagram of a first electrode 403 on a first substrate 401, where the sides of all squares of the first electrode 403 are L, the distances between all squares are D, and a connection line between adjacent electrodes is longitudinally arranged. Fig. 5B is a schematic design diagram of the second electrode 404 on the second substrate 402, the length of all square sides of the second electrode 404 gradually increases along the direction from the a 'D' side to the B 'C' side, the length of the square sides along the direction from the a 'D' side to the B 'C' side can be represented as L + N × m, where m is the number of intervals, N is the added value that increases in equal proportion, and the connection line between adjacent electrodes is arranged horizontally. Preferably, the setting range of the additional value N of the equal proportion increase is between 5 micrometers and 50 micrometers, wherein the side length L, the distance D and the additional value N of the equal proportion increase can be selected according to actual situations, and are not limited herein. Since the second electrodes 404 on the second substrate 402 in fig. 5b are increased proportionally in the direction away from the light source, the distances in the direction of the electrode connecting line cannot be completely equal, but it is necessary to ensure that the center points of the first electrode 403 and the second electrode 404 corresponding thereto coincide in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate 401 or the second substrate 402 in the flat state.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: different from the prior art, when the display panel is bent, the size of scattering dots formed by the PDLC layer in the on-state is adjusted by changing the relative area of the first electrode and the second electrode, so that the display can keep better backlight uniformity in the bent state.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that: a flexible display is provided, which comprises a flexible light guide plate 601 and a light source 602. The flexible light guide plate 601 is, for example, the flexible light guide plate in the above embodiment, and the light source 602 is disposed on one side of the flexible light guide plate 601. .
The invention has the beneficial effects that: different from the prior art, when the display panel is bent, the size of scattering dots formed by the PDLC layer in the on-state is adjusted by changing the relative area of the first electrode and the second electrode, so that the display can keep better backlight uniformity in the bent state.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. A flexible light guide plate, comprising:
a transparent substrate including a first substrate and a second substrate;
the transparent electrode comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode is arranged on the surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and the second electrode corresponds to the first electrode and is arranged on the surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate;
a PDLC layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate;
one of the first electrode and the second electrode is equal in size, and the other electrode is increased in proportion along the direction far away from the light source;
when the flexible light guide plate is bent, the size of scattering mesh points formed by the PDLC layer in an on-state is adjusted through the change of the relative areas of the first electrode and the second electrode.
2. The flexible light guide plate according to claim 1, wherein the first electrodes and the second electrodes are respectively disposed at equal intervals.
3. The flexible light guide plate of claim 1, further comprising a sealant disposed around the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the PDLC layer is sealed by the sealant cooperating with the first substrate and the second substrate.
4. The flexible light guide plate according to claim 1, wherein the center point of the first electrode of each of the first substrates coincides with the center point of the second electrode on one of the second substrates in a direction perpendicular to the first substrate or the second substrate when the first substrate and the second substrate are in a flat state.
5. The flexible light guide plate according to claim 1, wherein one of the first electrode on the first substrate and the second electrode on the second substrate is turned on positively and the other is turned on negatively.
6. The flexible light guide plate according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are rectangular, square, circular, or diamond.
7. The flexible light guide plate according to claim 6, wherein the distance between the first electrodes or the second electrodes is not less than the length of the long side or the short side or the diameter of the first electrodes or the second electrodes.
8. The flexible light guide plate according to claim 7, wherein the first electrode or the second electrode has an added value of 5 to 50 μm in an equal scale increase.
9. A flexible display, characterized in that the flexible display comprises a flexible light guide plate according to any one of claims 1-8.
CN201810783990.9A 2018-07-17 2018-07-17 Flexible light guide plate and flexible display Active CN108873444B (en)

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CN106019675A (en) * 2016-07-29 2016-10-12 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 Optical waveguide display module, electronic equipment and making method

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