CN108872074A - A kind of soil nutrient elements detection system and method - Google Patents
A kind of soil nutrient elements detection system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108872074A CN108872074A CN201810585667.0A CN201810585667A CN108872074A CN 108872074 A CN108872074 A CN 108872074A CN 201810585667 A CN201810585667 A CN 201810585667A CN 108872074 A CN108872074 A CN 108872074A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of soil nutrient elements detection system and method, the system include：Negative pressure sample acquisition cabin is used to provide vacuum environment for soil to be measured, and is compacted soil to be measured；Laser emitting module forms plasma state photoelectron in negative pressure sample acquisition cabin for emitting laser and being irradiated to soil surface to be measured；Spectra collection module is used to obtain the characteristic spectrum of each nutrient in soil to be measured according to plasma state photoelectron；Biosensor analysis module is used to obtain the content of any nutrient described in soil to be measured according to the characteristic spectrum of any nutrient and the corresponding default spectrum analysis model of the characteristic spectrum of any nutrient.The embodiment of the present invention is by using small-sized laser, greatly reduce the volume of soil nutrient elements detection system, by carrying out compaction treatment to soil to be measured, it eliminates matrix effect and soil splashes, it is filled with rare gas by acquiring in cabin to negative pressure sample, eliminates influence of the air to measurement result.
Description
Technical field
The present embodiments relate to Soil Testing more particularly to a kind of soil nutrient elements detection systems and method.
Background technique
Soil nutrient is the important sources of crop nutrient (carbon and nitrogen), is the substance of crop growth
Basis.Therefore, rapid survey and the main nutrient elements (carbon and nitrogen) obtained in soil have great importance.One
The quick measurement of aspect, the nutrients such as carbon in soil element and nitrogen is the basis for developing and using soil nutrient, for science
Fertilising provides scientific basis；On the other hand, the dynamic of soil carbon and nitrogen is measured, for studying soil nitrogen transformation
It is of great significance with carbon conversion, adjustment and optimization soil management, reduction greenhouse gas emission etc..
The traditional measurement method of carbon in soil element has classical approach and laboratory method, and classical approach includes：Dry combustion method (high-temperature electric
Furnace calcination) or wet combustion (potassium dichromate oxidation), it is generally absorbed and is weighed with soda-lime, or absorbed with standard barium hydroxide solution
The carbon dioxide of releasing, then with standard acidometric titration.The method is not influenced by reducing substances, can get accurately as a result, but needing
Some special instrument and equipments are wanted, it is time-consuming and laborious, it is generally used for calibration method check, laboratory seldom uses.
Laboratory is using most common carbon detection method：In the presence of excessive sulfuric acid, with oxidant dichromic acid
Potassium (or chromic acid) aoxidizes organic carbon, and remaining oxidant standard ferrous sulfate solution residual titration is calculated from the oxygen dosage of consumption
Organic carbon amounts, the method is simple, quick, is suitble to the analysis of a large amount of samples, but precision is low, can bring secondary pollution.
And the measurement for soil nitrogen, conventional method are complex, after needing to grind in soil, through forging in laboratory
It burns etc. after pre-treatments, then measured with the methods of chromatography, Atomic absorption, it is time-consuming and laborious, and cause secondary pollution.
Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, abbreviation LIBS), also known as
Laser induced plasma spectral technique is the completely new material element analytical technology of one kind based on atomic emission spectrum.Its work
Principle is：Under intense laser pulse effect, the substance of sample surfaces is provoked into as plasma and decays rapidly, is decaying
Give off the photon of specific frequency in journey, generate characteristic spectral line, frequency and intensity contain analysis object element species and
Concentration information.LIBS technical operation are at low cost, and measuring speed is fast, highly sensitive, are not necessarily to or need seldom sample pretreatment
The advantages that multielement measurement can be realized, and radiationless and secondary pollution, have broad application prospects.
The prior art discloses the method that the nitrogen distribution of a kind of pair of soil surface carries out rapid survey, passes through atom light
Spectrometry analyzes the content of wherein nitrogen, and passes through the at the uniform velocity two dimensional motion of sample stage, obtains soil surface different location
Nitrogen content.
Because substance matrix is affected to LIBS measuring technique precision, but struck every time in the program in laser
Before, the influence that soil caused by each laser strikes splashes to the impact pedotheque matrix of laser next time, so as to cause measurement
Precision is not high.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of soil nutrient elements detection system and method, to solve in the prior art due to
The low defect of soil surface nutrient measurement accuracy, realizes the detection of accurate soil nutrient elements caused by soil splashes.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of soil nutrient elements detection system, including：Negative pressure sample acquires cabin, laser excitation
Module, spectra collection module and biosensor analysis module；
Negative pressure sample acquisition cabin is used to provide vacuum environment for soil to be measured, and is compacted the soil to be measured；
The laser emitting module is adopted for emitting laser and being irradiated to the soil surface to be measured in the negative pressure sample
Collect and forms plasma state photoelectron in cabin；
The spectra collection module is used to obtain each nutrition in the soil to be measured according to the plasma state photoelectron
The characteristic spectrum of element；
The biosensor analysis module is used for according to the characteristic spectrum of any nutrient and any nutrient
The corresponding default spectrum analysis model of characteristic spectrum obtains the content of any nutrient described in the soil to be measured.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of soil nutrient elements detection method, including：
The soil to be measured is placed in negative pressure sample acquisition cabin, and is compacted the soil to be measured by S1；
S2 emits laser by the laser emitting module and is irradiated to the soil surface to be measured, in the negative pressure sample
Product, which acquire, forms plasma state photoelectron in cabin；
S3 obtains the characteristic spectrum of each nutrient in the soil to be measured by the spectra collection module；
S4, characteristic spectrum and any nutrient by the biosensor analysis module according to any nutrient
The corresponding default spectrum analysis model of characteristic spectrum, obtain the content of any nutrient described in the soil to be measured.
A kind of soil nutrient elements detection system and method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by using small-sized laser
Device greatly reduces the volume of soil nutrient elements detection system, and when laser emits laser, can be to laser first
It is no to be judged in stable state, only when laser is in stable state, it can just emit laser, ensure that laser
Device always works in preferable single mode, so as to improve the stability of single mode laser operation.In addition, by to be measured
Soil carries out compaction treatment, eliminates matrix effect and soil splashes, improve measurement accuracy.Also, by negative pressure sample
Acquisition is filled with rare gas in cabin, eliminates influence of the air to measurement result.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair
Bright some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with root
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of soil nutrient elements detection system of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram that negative pressure sample acquires cabin in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of flow chart of soil nutrient elements detection method of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of soil nutrient elements detection system of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, this is
System includes：Negative pressure sample acquires cabin 9, laser excitation module 15, spectra collection module 3 and biosensor analysis module 1；
Negative pressure sample acquisition cabin 9 is used to provide vacuum environment for soil to be measured, and is compacted the soil to be measured；
The laser emitting module is adopted for emitting laser and being irradiated to the soil surface to be measured in the negative pressure sample
Collect and forms plasma state photoelectron in cabin 9；
The spectra collection module is used to obtain each nutrition in the soil to be measured according to the plasma state photoelectron
The characteristic spectrum of element；
The biosensor analysis module is used for according to the characteristic spectrum of any nutrient and any nutrient
The corresponding default spectrum analysis model of characteristic spectrum obtains the content of any nutrient described in the soil to be measured.
Wherein, when the nutrient to soil surface to be measured measures, soil to be measured is needed to be placed on negative pressure sample
Product acquire in cabin 9, and the acquisition of negative pressure sample can provide the measurement environment an of vacuum in cabin 9 for soil to be measured, so as to avoid
Influence of the gases such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, nitric oxide in air to soil nitrogen and carbon.
Then laser emitting module transmitting has high-energy, high-frequency laser, and the laser of transmitting is entered by optical fiber 11
Negative pressure sample acquires in cabin, and is irradiated to soil surface to be measured, forms plasma state photoelectron in negative pressure sample acquisition cabin.
Herein, the laser of transmitting can enter negative pressure sample by optical fiber 11 and acquire in cabin, can also enter negative pressure sample otherwise
Product acquire cabin, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to using optical fiber.
Then spectra collection module by optical fiber 4 collect negative pressure sample acquire cabin in plasma state photoelectron, and according to
The plasma state photoelectron obtains the characteristic spectrum of each middle nutrient in soil, it should be noted that the nutrition in soil
There are many kinds of elements, but is primarily referred to as carbon and nitrogen, when only needing to measure the content of one of element, according to
Plasma state photoelectron obtains the characteristic spectrum of this kind of element, when needing to measure the content of multiple element, obtains correspond to respectively
The characteristic spectrum of element.
Soil nutrient detection system provided in an embodiment of the present invention may include：Biosensor analysis module 1, shell 2, spectrum
Acquisition module 3, optical signal collect optical fiber 4, air pump 5, escape pipe 6, rare gas storeroom 7, air inlet pipe 8, the acquisition of negative pressure sample
Cabin 9, micromotor main control unit 10, optical signal the output optical fiber 11, main control unit 12, power supply unit 13, laser control unit
14 and laser 15.
Specifically, spectra collection module is spectrometer, is collected to the plasma state photoelectron generated after impact, is formed
The characteristic spectrum of different elements.
Spectrometer is also known as spectroscope, and recognizing extensively is direct-reading spectrometer.It is measured and is composed with optical detectors such as photomultiplier tubes
The device of line different wave length position intensity.It is by an entrance slit, a dispersion system, an imaging system and one or more
A exit slit composition.Wavelength required for being isolated the electromagnetic radiation of radiation source with dispersion element or wavelength region, and
(or a certain wave band of scanning) carries out strength detection on selected wavelength.
Finally, biosensor analysis module is mounted on the shell 2 of the soil nutrient elements detection system, biosensor analysis mould
Root tuber is obtained according to the corresponding default spectrum analysis simulation of the characteristic spectrum of any one obtained nutrient and the nutrient
To the content of soil surface any one nutrient to be measured.When needing to measure containing for soil surface various nutrient elements to be measured
When amount, respectively according to the characteristic spectrum and the corresponding default spectrum analysis model of every kind of nutrient of every kind of nutrient, obtain
The content of every kind of nutrient.
It, can be with removal sensor analysis module when needing sample introduction.
Further, which further includes main control unit 12, and main control unit 12 passes through bluetooth handle
The characteristic spectrum of the nutrient of spectrometer collection sends biosensor analysis module to, final to obtain nutrient in pedotheque
Content.
A kind of soil nutrient elements detection system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by being carried out at compacting to soil to be measured
Reason, eliminates matrix effect and soil splashes, and improves measurement accuracy.
On the basis of the above embodiments, it is preferable that further include：Air pump 5 and rare gas storeroom 7, the air pump and
The rare gas storeroom is connect with negative pressure sample acquisition cabin respectively；
Wherein, the air pump is used to extract out the air in negative pressure sample acquisition cabin, so that the rare gas stores up
It hides the rare gas in room and enters negative pressure sample acquisition cabin, form the vacuum environment with the default negative pressure.
Negative pressure sample is acquired the air in cabin by escape pipe 6 and extracted out by air pump, forms certain negative pressure, that is to say, that negative
Pressure-like product acquire cabin in pressure be less than normal atmospheric pressure, under the action of pressure, in rare gas storeroom in rare gas
Body enters negative pressure sample by air inlet pipe 8 and acquires in cabin, and the air exclusion in negative pressure sample acquisition cabin is clean, forms vacuum
Environment causes the detection of Nutrient Elements in Soil so as to avoid gases such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, nitric oxides in air
It influences.
Further, which further includes power supply unit 13, which can be whole
A soil nutrient elements detection system power supply.
Further, the gas in the rare gas storeroom can be any rare gas, such as argon gas etc..
Preferably, Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram that negative pressure sample acquires cabin in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2, the negative pressure
Sample acquisition cabin includes：Negative pressure sample acquires cabin shell 9-1, optical signal collects optical fiber 9-2, escape pipe 9-3, air inlet pipe 9-4, three
Tie up mobile platform 9-5, sample pool 9-6, transmission system 9-7, X-axis stepper motor 9-8, y-axis stepper motor 9-9, Z axis stepper motor
9-10, optical signal the output optical fiber 9-11, compaction apparatus 9-12 and injection port secret plug 9-13.
On the basis of the above embodiments, it is preferable that negative pressure sample acquisition cabin includes sample pool and compaction apparatus, institute
The upper end and negative pressure sample acquisition cabin shell 9-1 for stating compaction apparatus are connected, and the sample pool is located at the compaction apparatus
Lower section, the compaction apparatus are used for the soil to be measured being compacted in the sample pool.
Specifically, negative pressure sample acquisition cabin further includes：X axis stepper motor 9-8, Y-axis stepper motor 9-9, Z axis are to step
Into motor 9-10, transmission system 9-7 and micromotor main control unit 10.
Soil packing to be measured is mainly completed in negative pressure sample acquisition cabin, and to complete this function, negative pressure sample acquires cabin
Cabin is connect in top with the upper end of compaction apparatus, and the lower end of compaction apparatus faces sample pool, and soil to be measured is placed in sample pool.
Specifically, sample pool is mounted in three-dimensional mobile platform, and three axial stepper motors pass through transmission system and three-dimensional
Mobile platform connection, driving three-dimensional mobile platform are moved in three-dimensional space, to drive sample pool mobile, make sample pool
The injection port for arriving at negative pressure sample acquisition cabin, completes the collection of sample.
Three axial stepper motors are X axis stepper motor, Y-axis stepper motor and Z axis to stepper motor, three axial directions
Motor passes through pulse signal control, according to progress when the control instruction and pulse signal of the transmission of micromotor main control unit 10
Row operation.
Three-dimensional mobile platform can be moved by the driving of stepper motor, can also be by being able to achieve locomotive function
Mechanical structure moved, the specific move mode embodiment of the present invention is herein with no restrictions.
Sample pool is moved to preset best impact position by three-dimensional mobile platform, which is exactly to swash
Light excites intersection point and energy maximum.
Preferably, the lower end of compaction apparatus is also equipped with pressure sensor, when needing to be compacted soil to be measured, three
Dimension mobile platform is moved in Z axis to compaction apparatus, so that pedotheque is squeezed, when reaching the pressure value of setting, three
Dimension platform can be moved to optimal impact position.
When needing that entire soil surface nutritive element content to be measured is imaged, three-dimensional platform tune can be passed through first
Whole soil height to be measured, obtains optimal impact effect；Then, soil to be measured is adjusted to need by X-axis and y-axis stepper motor
The primary point to be struck sets the displacement of X-axis and y-axis stepper motor then according to requiring, using first X-axis (or Y-axis) to hitting
It beats, then Y-axis (or X-axis) is finally completed the spectrum data gathering of entire soil surface to be measured to impact.
Specifically, three-dimensional mobile platform be alloy aluminium material 30mm*30mm*5mm plate, sample cell (outer diameter 20mm,
The hollow cylindrical container of internal diameter 18mm, a height of 8mm) it is fixed in three-dimensional mobile platform.Three axial stepper motors pass through transmission
System is connect with three-dimensional mobile platform, and driving three-dimensional mobile platform is moved in three-dimensional space.Three axial direction electric machines are logical
The control of extra pulse signal, the control instruction and pulse signal duration sent according to micromotor main control unit 10 are run.
Wherein, the cuboid that negative pressure sample acquisition cabin is 15cm*12cm*10cm, material is alloy aluminum, and entire cabin carries out
Confidentiality processing.When work, air pump is evacuated, and makes to form certain negative pressure (20-40% standard atmospheric pressure) inside cabin, into
Port passive open, to argon gas is poured in cabin, until reaching new balance, that is, the air pressure in cabin reaches default negative pressure
Value, air inlet and air outlet are closed, and air pump stops working.
The embodiment of the present invention is compacted by sample, eliminates matrix effect and soil splashes, improve measurement accuracy.
On the basis of the above embodiments, it is preferable that the laser emitting module includes laser, the first adjustable light splitter
With the second adjustable light splitter；
Wherein, the laser is for emitting initial laser, if the laser is in stable state, described first is adjustable
Optical splitter is used to that the initial laser to be divided into first laser and second laser according to the first preset ratio, so that described first
Laser enters second adjustable light splitter, and second adjustable light splitter is used for described first according to the second preset ratio
Laser is divided into third laser and the 4th laser, so that the third laser irradiation is to the soil surface to be measured.
In the case where laser is in stable state, laser emits initial laser, and it is adjustable that initial laser enters first
Initial laser is divided into two parts according to the first preset ratio by optical splitter, the first adjustable light splitter, this two parts is respectively first
Laser and second laser, first laser enter the second adjustable light splitter, and the second adjustable light splitter is according to the second preset ratio the
One laser is divided into two parts, respectively third laser and the 4th laser, and third laser is exported, by fiber-optic illuminated to be measured
Soil surface.
Judge method that whether laser is in stable state be it is as follows, on the basis of the above embodiments, it is preferable that institute
Stating laser emitting module further includes：Laser control unit 14 and the first photodetector；
Wherein, first photodetector is used to the first laser being converted to the first level, the laser controlling
Unit is compared according to first level with preset range, if first level judges in the preset range
The laser is in stable state, the first preset ratio adjusted is re-used as first preset ratio, and will adjust
The second preset ratio after whole is re-used as second preset ratio.
In order to improve the stability of laser, before carrying out the measurements, needs first to judge whether laser is in and stablize shape
State, firstly, according to the first preset ratio, the laser for adjusting the first adjustable light splitter exports ratio, and most of laser is made to enter the
One photodetector, only faint laser signal enter the second adjustable light splitter and are unable to complete since energy is weaker to soil
Impact.
The second laser received is converted into the first level signal by the first photodetector, main control unit obtain this first
Level signal, and be compared with internal pre-stored predetermined level signal, if main control unit passes through change except threshold value
The driving current of laser makes laser signal energy change, and obtains level next time according to above-mentioned identical step
Signal, whether within a preset range decision level signal, if so, terminating process, illustrates that laser comes into again at this time
Otherwise stable state repeats above-mentioned steps.
After laser enters stable state, main control unit sends to the first adjustable light splitter and instructs, and it is default to adjust first
Ratio adjusts the light splitting ratio of the first adjustable light splitter according to the first preset ratio adjusted, makes most laser (95%
More than) entering the second adjustable light splitter, the output par, c laser energy of the second adjustable light splitter enters the second photodetector, the
Optical signal is converted into level signal by two photodetectors, for triggering the enable end of spectrometer, spectrometer is made to enter work shape
State.Most of laser energy of other second adjustable light splitter output strikes through optical signal the output optical fiber on pedotheque surface,
Form plasma state photoelectron.
On the basis of the above embodiments, it is preferable that the laser emitting module further includes：Second photodetector, institute
The second photodetector is stated for the 4th laser to be converted to second electrical level, to drive the spectra collection module.
Second photodetector converts optical signals to electric signal, drives the spectrometer in spectra collection module, spectrometer
Into working condition, plasma state photoelectron is acquired.
Wherein, this soil nutrient elements detection system is using air-cooled, a length of 1064nm of outgoing wave the Nd of miniaturization：YAG tune Q
Laser, optical signal the output optical fiber and laser control unit constitute laser emitting module, for generating the laser arteries and veins of high-energy
Punching.
When laser emits laser, meeting first judge whether laser is in stable state the embodiment of the present invention,
It only when laser is in stable state, can just emit laser, ensure that laser always works in preferable single mode
State, inhibits side to touch and eliminates bimodulus to coexist and Mode-hopping Phenomena, so as to improve the stability of single mode laser operation.
Fig. 3 is a kind of flow chart of soil nutrient elements detection method of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 3, this method packet
It includes：
The soil to be measured is placed in negative pressure sample acquisition cabin, and is compacted the soil to be measured by S1；
S2 emits laser by the laser emitting module and is irradiated to the soil surface to be measured, in the negative pressure sample
Product, which acquire, forms plasma state photoelectron in cabin；
S3 obtains each battalion in the soil to be measured according to the plasma state photoelectron by the spectra collection module
Support the characteristic spectrum of element；
S4, characteristic spectrum and any nutrient by the biosensor analysis module according to any nutrient
The corresponding default spectrum analysis model of characteristic spectrum, obtain the content of any nutrient described in the soil to be measured.
When being measured to the nutrient in soil to be measured, firstly, original state pedotheque to be measured in field is through injection port
It is placed in three-dimensional mobile platform sample box, pedotheque to be measured is compacted by compaction apparatus and three-dimensional mobile platform, move
Dynamic three-dimensional mobile platform, makes pedotheque to be measured be in optimal impact position, and laser emitting module strikes soil sample table to be measured
Face forms plasma state photoelectron, the plasma state optical signalling generated after the impact of spectral collection module collection, biosensor analysis
Module obtains atomic emission spectrum data, and nutrient (nitrogen and carbon) content of excited position is obtained by analytical calculation.
Further, if thinking the distribution situation of entire pedotheque surface nutrient element (the nitrogen and carbon) content to be measured of acquisition,
Under the control of main control unit, sample pool is carried out slight distance movement under stepper motor drive by three-dimensional mobile platform, thus
Measure the content of the nutrient (nitrogen and carbon) of pedotheque surface another location.
It repeats the above process, after the completion of preset sector scanning, biosensor analysis system is obtaining each location of pixels
On the basis of nutrient (nitrogen and carbon) content, the distribution of entire pedotheque surface nutrient element (nitrogen and carbon) to be measured is generated
Figure.
A kind of soil nutrient elements detection method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by using small-sized laser, significantly
The volume of soil nutrient elements detection system is reduced, and when laser emits laser, first whether laser can be in
Stable state is judged, only when laser is in stable state, can just be emitted laser, be ensure that laser always
Work is in preferable single mode, so as to improve the stability of single mode laser operation.In addition, by soil to be measured into
Row compaction treatment, eliminates matrix effect and soil splashes, and improves measurement accuracy.Also, by acquiring cabin to negative pressure sample
In be filled with rare gas, eliminate influence of the air to measurement result.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, wherein described, unit can as illustrated by the separation member
It is physically separated with being or may not be, component shown as a unit may or may not be physics list
Member, it can it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network units.It can be selected according to the actual needs
In some or all of the modules achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.Those of ordinary skill in the art are not paying creativeness
Labour in the case where, it can understand and implement.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that each embodiment can
It realizes by means of software and necessary general hardware platform, naturally it is also possible to pass through hardware.Based on this understanding, on
Stating technical solution, substantially the part that contributes to existing technology can be embodied in the form of software products in other words, should
Computer software product may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, CD, including several fingers
It enables and using so that a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) executes each implementation
Method described in certain parts of example or embodiment.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that：It still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；
And these are modified or replaceed, technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and
Range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of soil nutrient elements detection system, which is characterized in that including：Negative pressure sample acquires cabin, laser excitation module, light
Compose acquisition module and biosensor analysis module；
Negative pressure sample acquisition cabin is used to provide vacuum environment for soil to be measured, and is compacted the soil to be measured；
The laser emitting module acquires cabin for emitting laser and being irradiated to the soil surface to be measured, in the negative pressure sample
Middle formation plasma state photoelectron；
The spectra collection module is used to obtain each nutrient in the soil to be measured according to the plasma state photoelectron
Characteristic spectrum；
The biosensor analysis module is used for according to the characteristic spectrum of any nutrient and the feature of any nutrient
The corresponding default spectrum analysis model of spectrum obtains the content of any nutrient described in the soil to be measured.
2. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include：Air pump and rare gas storeroom, the air pump and
The rare gas storeroom is connect with negative pressure sample acquisition cabin respectively；
Wherein, the air pump is used to extract out the air in negative pressure sample acquisition cabin, so that the rare gas storeroom
In rare gas enter the negative pressure sample acquire cabin, formed have the default negative pressure vacuum environment.
3. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that negative pressure sample acquisition cabin includes sample pool and compacting dress
It sets, the upper end of the compaction apparatus and negative pressure sample acquisition cabin are connected, and the sample pool is located under the compaction apparatus
Side, the compaction apparatus are used for the soil to be measured being compacted in the sample pool.
4. system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that further include：Three-dimensional mobile platform, the sample pool are mounted on institute
The top of three-dimensional mobile platform is stated, the three-dimensional mobile platform is carried out by one or more directions in following three directions
Mobile, to change the position of the sample pool, three directions are X-direction, Y direction and Z-direction.
5. system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the lower end of the compaction apparatus is equipped with pressure sensor.
6. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser emitting module includes laser, first adjustable point
Light device and the second adjustable light splitter；
Wherein, the laser is for emitting initial laser, if the laser is in stable state, first adjustable light splitting
Device is used to that the initial laser to be divided into first laser and second laser according to the first preset ratio, so that the first laser
Enter second adjustable light splitter, second adjustable light splitter is used for the first laser according to the second preset ratio
It is divided into third laser and the 4th laser, so that the third laser irradiation is to the soil surface to be measured.
7. system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the laser emitting module further includes：Laser control unit and
First photodetector；
Wherein, first photodetector is used to the second laser being converted to the first level, the Laser control unit
Be compared according to first level with preset range, if first level in the preset range, judgement described in
Laser is in stable state, the first preset ratio adjusted is re-used as first preset ratio, and will be after adjustment
The second preset ratio be re-used as second preset ratio.
8. system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the laser emitting module further includes：Second photodetector,
Second photodetector is used to the 4th laser being converted to second electrical level, to drive the spectra collection module.
9. it is a kind of according to claim 1 to the soil nutrient elements detection method of 8 any soil nutrient elements detection systems,
It is characterised in that it includes：
The soil to be measured is placed in negative pressure sample acquisition cabin, and is compacted the soil to be measured by S1；
S2 emits laser by the laser emitting module and is irradiated to the soil surface to be measured, adopts in the negative pressure sample
Collect and forms plasma state photoelectron in cabin；
S3 obtains the characteristic spectrum of each nutrient in the soil to be measured by the spectra collection module；
S4, by the biosensor analysis module according to the characteristic spectrum of any nutrient and the spy of any nutrient
The corresponding default spectrum analysis model of spectrum is levied, the content of any nutrient described in the soil to be measured is obtained.
10. method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that further include after step S4：
S5, position of the mobile soil to be measured in negative pressure sample acquisition cabin, to measure the soil another one to be measured
The content for setting any nutrient, repeats the above process, to measure in the soil surface predeterminable area to be measured in each position
The content of any nutrient, and generate the distribution map of the soil surface nutrient to be measured.
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