CN108868590B - Single-shaft cement-soil mixing pile drill bit - Google Patents
Single-shaft cement-soil mixing pile drill bit Download PDFInfo
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- CN108868590B CN108868590B CN201810934485.XA CN201810934485A CN108868590B CN 108868590 B CN108868590 B CN 108868590B CN 201810934485 A CN201810934485 A CN 201810934485A CN 108868590 B CN108868590 B CN 108868590B
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- cutterhead
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- cutting
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/46—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making in situ by forcing bonding agents into gravel fillings or the soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
- E21B10/28—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with non-expansible roller cutters
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a single-shaft cement-soil mixing pile drill bit which comprises a connector, wherein the connector is used for being connected with a drill rod of a single-shaft cement-soil mixing pile machine; the upper end of the drill shaft is connected with the connector; the three-stage cutterhead is arranged along the radial direction of the drill shaft, and the cutting radius of the three-stage cutterhead is the pile forming radius; the second-stage cutterhead is arranged along the radial direction of the drill shaft and positioned below the third-stage cutterhead, and the cutting radius of the second-stage cutterhead is smaller than that of the third-stage cutterhead; the down-the-hole hammer is arranged at the lower end of the drill shaft and comprises a down-the-hole hammer impactor and a down-the-hole drill bit. When the single-shaft cement mixing pile drill bit works, the down-the-hole drill bit is used for rotary drilling and cutting, and when a hard soil layer or a hard block is encountered in the sinking drilling process, the down-the-hole hammer impactor can drive the down-the-hole drill bit to axially vibrate and impact to advance, so that the resistance in drilling and cutting can be reduced, the stress of the secondary cutterhead and the tertiary cutterhead can be more balanced, the pile position deviation probability is greatly reduced, and the lap joint between adjacent piles is more complete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of deep stirring, in particular to a single-shaft cement-soil stirring pile drill bit.
Background
The cement-soil mixing pile is applied to a soft soil layer in a large amount, cement slurry is used as a curing agent, a mixing pile machine is used for cutting soil, and simultaneously, the cement slurry is injected into the front end of a drilling machine at low pressure, so that cement and the cut soil are fully mixed to form the cement-soil pile with high hardness and water stopping performance. The cement mixing pile machine is mainly divided into a single-shaft cement mixing pile machine, a double-shaft cement mixing pile machine and a triaxial cement mixing pile machine according to construction mechanical equipment, and in general, the double-shaft cement mixing pile machine and the triaxial cement mixing pile machine are large in occupied area and small in occupied area, so that the applicability of the single-shaft cement mixing pile machine is stronger in municipal works such as rain sewage pipeline construction shafts in downtown areas or narrow places.
However, in the construction and construction of the existing uniaxial cement-soil mixing pile, the problem that the overlap joint of adjacent piles is incomplete usually exists, and water leakage and sand flow phenomena are easy to occur, and the reason for the problem is mainly that when a uniaxial cement-soil mixing pile drill bit drills into a hard soil layer area, the drill bit is easy to incline and deviates to one side where adjacent pile phases are engaged, and only because the engaged area is the stirred area, the soil is softer, the inclination is more obvious as the sinking position of the drill bit is deeper, so that the pile position is deviated, and the overlap joint of the adjacent piles is not complete.
Therefore, the problem that the single-shaft cement mixing pile drill bit is easy to incline when drilling adjacent piles is a problem which needs to be solved by the person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a single-shaft cement-soil mixing pile drill bit, wherein the pile position of the single-shaft cement-soil mixing pile drill bit is not easy to deviate, and adjacent piles are overlapped more completely.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a uniaxial cement mixing pile drill bit comprising:
the connector is used for being connected with a drill rod of the single-shaft cement soil mixing pile machine;
the upper end of the drill shaft is connected with the connector;
the three-stage cutterhead is arranged along the radial direction of the drill shaft, and the cutting radius of the three-stage cutterhead is the pile forming radius;
the second-stage cutterhead is arranged along the radial direction of the drill shaft and positioned below the third-stage cutterhead, and the cutting radius of the second-stage cutterhead is smaller than that of the third-stage cutterhead;
the down-the-hole hammer is arranged at the lower end of the drill shaft and comprises a down-the-hole hammer impactor and a down-the-hole drill bit.
Preferably, the cutting surfaces formed by the outer cutting blades of the down-the-hole drill bit, the secondary cutterhead and the tertiary cutterhead are in inverted conical shapes as a whole.
Preferably, the secondary cutterhead and the tertiary cutterhead are both provided with upward stirring teeth, and the stirring teeth are located on the inner side of the outer cutting blade.
Preferably, the bottom cutting blade of the down-the-hole drill bit is a conical cutting edge;
and the outer cutting blades of the three-stage cutterhead and the two-stage cutterhead are spade cutting blades.
Preferably, the second-stage cutterhead and the third-stage cutterhead are respectively provided with two groups of cutterheads distributed along the same straight line, and the cutterheads of the two groups of cutterheads are vertically arranged.
Preferably, the secondary cutterhead and the tertiary cutterhead each have three groups of cutterheads, which are each located at the same height of the drill shaft and are distributed at equal angles in the radial direction thereof.
Preferably, a four-stage cutterhead is further arranged above the three-stage cutterhead, and is arranged along the radial direction of the drill shaft, and the cutting radius of the four-stage cutterhead is larger than that of the three-stage cutterhead; cutting surfaces formed by outer cutting blades of the down-the-hole drill bit, the second-level cutter head, the third-level cutter head and the fourth-level cutter head are in an inverted cone shape on the whole; the cutting radius of the four-stage cutterhead is the pile forming radius.
Preferably, the down-the-hole hammer impactor is a pneumatic impactor, and the pneumatic impactor discharges high-pressure air from the bottom after working.
Preferably, the connector is a standard connector.
The invention provides a single-shaft cement-soil mixing pile drill bit, which comprises a connector, wherein the connector is used for being connected with a drill rod of a single-shaft cement-soil mixing pile machine; the upper end of the drill shaft is connected with the connector; the three-stage cutterhead is arranged along the radial direction of the drill shaft, and the cutting radius of the three-stage cutterhead is the pile forming radius; the second-stage cutterhead is arranged along the radial direction of the drill shaft and positioned below the third-stage cutterhead, and the cutting radius of the second-stage cutterhead is smaller than that of the third-stage cutterhead; the down-the-hole hammer is arranged at the lower end of the drill shaft and comprises a down-the-hole hammer impactor and a down-the-hole drill bit.
When the single-shaft cement mixing pile drill bit works, the drill bit is used for rotary drilling and cutting, and when a hard soil layer or a hard block is encountered in the sinking drilling process, the down-the-hole hammer impactor can drive the down-the-hole drill bit to vibrate axially and impact forward, and the vibration can damage a soil structure, so that not only can the resistance in drilling and cutting be reduced, but also the stress of the secondary cutterhead and the tertiary cutterhead can be more balanced (the hard place is avoided to be too hard). Especially when meetting hard soil layer or hard piece, compare among the prior art unipolar soil cement stirring stake drill bit and take place the slope shift relatively easily, this unipolar soil cement stirring stake drill bit is difficult for taking place to shift to the pile position that forms is more accurate, and overlap joint between the adjacent stake is more complete.
In addition, the secondary cutterhead is positioned below the tertiary cutterhead, and the cutting radius of the secondary cutterhead is smaller than that of the tertiary cutterhead, so that the secondary cutterhead has a good guiding effect on the tertiary cutterhead; meanwhile, the three-stage cutterhead reams the soil body on the basis of the cutting of the two-stage cutterhead, the cutting radius is the piling radius, and the stress of the three-stage cutterhead and the soil body is more balanced due to the formed hierarchical cutting.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a front view of a bit for a uniaxial cement mixing pile in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a single-shaft cement-soil mixing pile drill bit, which is more uniform in stress during working and can better avoid the problem of incomplete lap joint of adjacent piles.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a front view of a drill bit for a uniaxial cement mixing pile according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the specific embodiment, the uniaxial cement mixing pile drill bit comprises a connector 1, a drill shaft 2, a tertiary cutterhead 3, a secondary cutterhead 4 and a down-the-hole hammer. The connector 1 is a connecting piece between the drill bit and the drill rod of the single-shaft cement mixing pile machine, specifically, the drill shaft 2 of the drill bit is connected with the drill rod of the cement mixing pile machine by virtue of the connector 1, and the connector 1 adopts a standard connector, so that the universality of the drill bit of the single-shaft cement mixing pile machine can be improved.
The three-stage cutterhead 3 and the two-stage cutterhead 4 are arranged along the radial direction of the drill shaft 2 and are mainly used for cutting and stirring soil, the two-stage cutterhead 4 is positioned below the three-stage cutterhead 3, and the cutting radius of the two-stage cutterhead is smaller than that of the three-stage cutterhead 3, so that the three-stage cutterhead 3 has a good guiding effect during drilling; meanwhile, the three-stage cutterhead 3 reams the soil body on the basis of cutting of the two-stage cutterhead 4, the cutting radius is the piling radius, and the two are subjected to more balanced stress by the grading cutting formed by the two cutterheads, so that the soil body is different from the same-radius arrangement of the two-stage cutterhead and the three-stage cutterhead in the prior art. The cutting radius is the maximum radius range that the cutters at the outermost sides of the three-stage cutter head 3 and the two-stage cutter head 4 can cut.
Specifically, when the adjacent piles are lapped, if the radius of the secondary cutterhead 4 is set smaller and the lapping width of the adjacent piles is not large, the whole secondary cutterhead 4 can be ensured to be positioned in a new soil layer during cutting, namely, the soil layer which is not cut can not enter into the meshing area (the soil layer which is cut) of the adjacent piles, so that the stress of the secondary cutterhead 4 is relatively balanced, the deviation is not easy to occur, and the guiding effect on the tertiary cutterhead 3 is more obvious. In practical application, the radius of the secondary cutterhead 4 can be specifically set in combination with the overlap width of the adjacent piles.
The down-the-hole hammer comprises a down-the-hole hammer impactor 5 and a down-the-hole drill bit 6, wherein the down-the-hole hammer impactor 5 is arranged at the bottom of the drill shaft 2, the down-the-hole drill bit 6 is arranged at the bottom of the down-the-hole hammer impactor 5, and normally the down-the-hole drill bit 6 rotates and advances along with the single-shaft cement-soil mixing pile drill bit, but when encountering a hard soil layer or a hard soil block, the down-the-hole hammer impactor 5 can drive the down-the-hole drill bit 6 to vibrate and impact and advance along the axial direction. The radius of the down-the-hole drill bit 6 is smaller and slightly larger than the radius of a drill rod of the uniaxial cement-soil mixing pile machine, the bottom of the drill rod is provided with the cutting knife 9, and the drill rod is convenient to drill, specifically, the cutting knife 9 can be set to be a conical cutting edge or other cutting edges, the cutting strength of the conical cutting edge is larger, and the stability and the guidance quality are better.
When the single-shaft cement mixing pile drill bit works, the down-the-hole drill bit 6, the secondary cutterhead 4 and the tertiary cutterhead 3 are used for rotary drilling and cutting, and when a hard soil layer or a hard block is encountered in the sinking drilling process, the down-the-hole hammer impactor 5 can drive the down-the-hole drill bit 6 to axially vibrate and impact to advance, and the vibration can damage a soil structure, so that the resistance in drilling and cutting can be reduced, and the stress of the secondary cutterhead 4 and the tertiary cutterhead 3 can be balanced (the hard place is avoided). Especially when meetting hard soil layer or hard piece, compare among the prior art unipolar soil cement stirring stake drill bit and take place the slope shift relatively easily, this unipolar soil cement stirring stake drill bit is difficult for taking place to shift to the pile position that forms is more accurate, and overlap joint between the adjacent stake is more complete.
The connection between the secondary cutterhead 4 and the tertiary cutterhead 3 and the drill shaft 2 can be fixed connection, such as welding, or detachable connection, such as bolting, and the latter can adopt tertiary cutterheads 3 with different cutting radii according to different piling radii.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in order to make the progressive reaming effect better, the cutting surfaces formed by the down-the-hole drill 6, the secondary cutterhead 4 and the outer cutting blades of the tertiary cutterhead 3 may be set to be in an inverted cone shape as a whole, and this arrangement may make the grading effect of the three during drilling better and the guidance better.
In general, the secondary cutterhead 4 and the tertiary cutterhead 3 can have a plurality of cutters, the directions of which are downward, and as an improvement, the cutters 8 positioned at the outermost sides of the two cutters can be provided as spade-shaped cutting edges, the spade-shaped cutting edges are beneficial to setting different cutting angles, a specific cutting angle can effectively utilize the counterforce of soil to push a drill bit to drill, and meanwhile, the cutting and stirring efficiency is improved, and the specific angle can be set according to practical conditions.
In a specific embodiment, the secondary cutterhead 4 and the tertiary cutterhead 3 may each be provided with upward stirring teeth 7, which are located on the inside with respect to the outer cutters 8. Specifically, the two-stage cutterhead 4 and the three-stage cutterhead 3 can be arranged as cutterheads distributed along the radial direction of the drill shaft 2, each group of cutterheads comprises a plurality of cutters, the cutter located at the outermost side is called an outer cutter 8, stirring teeth 7 are arranged on the inner side of the outer cutter 8, and therefore the size of the cutting radius cannot be influenced by the arrangement of the stirring teeth 7. Furthermore, the downward cutters can be continuously arranged on the inner side of the stirring teeth 7, and the cutters are simultaneously arranged on the inner side and the outer side, so that soil can be cut more fully, and the cutting and stirring efficiency is improved. The setting of stirring tooth 7 can carry out secondary intensive mixing to its upper portion soil body, can effectively improve cement soil mixing pile's the piling quality, and of course, stirring tooth 7 can set up one or more, and a plurality of secondary stirring effects are better.
As an improvement, the two-stage cutterhead 4 and the three-stage cutterhead 3 can be respectively arranged into two groups of cutterheads which are distributed along the same straight line, the cutterheads of the two cutterheads are vertically arranged, and the two-stage cutterhead 4 and the three-stage cutterhead 3 are always in different angles in the working state in a crisscross arrangement mode, so that the cutting of the drill bit to soil is more complete. In order to further improve the cutting efficiency, the two-stage cutterhead 4 and the three-stage cutterhead 3 can be respectively provided with three groups of cutterheads or four groups of cutterheads, which are respectively positioned at the same height on the drill shaft 2 and distributed at equal intervals along the radial direction of the drill shaft.
In a specific embodiment, the single-shaft cement mixing pile drill bit may further be provided with a fourth-stage cutter, and the fourth-stage cutter may also have a plurality of cutters, which are located above the third-stage cutter 3, and the cutting radius of the fourth-stage cutter is greater than that of the third-stage cutter 3. The four-stage cutterhead is arranged to cut the soil body four times after the down-the-hole drill bit 6, the two-stage cutterhead 4 and the three-stage cutterhead 3 cut the soil body, is a continuation of a step-by-step cutting and reaming mode, and can further increase the reaming radius. The four-stage cutterhead and the drill shaft 2 are connected in the same way as the two-stage cutterhead 4 and the three-stage cutterhead 3. Of course, the five-stage cutterhead, the six-stage cutterhead and the like can be continuously arranged above the four-stage cutterhead according to actual needs, and the cutting radius of the final stage cutterhead is the pile forming radius.
In a specific embodiment, the down-the-hole hammer impactor 5 in the single-shaft cement mixing pile drill bit is set to be a pneumatic impactor, and high-pressure air is discharged from the bottom after the pneumatic impactor works, so that the cut soil can be stirred more uniformly by the discharge of the high-pressure air.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The uniaxial cement-soil mixing pile drill bit provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the method of the present invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (7)
1. A uniaxial cement mixing pile drill bit, comprising:
the connector (1) is used for being connected with a drill rod of the single-shaft cement soil mixing pile machine;
the upper end of the drill shaft (2) is connected with the connector (1);
the three-stage cutterhead (3) is arranged along the radial direction of the drill shaft (2), and the cutting radius of the three-stage cutterhead is the piling radius;
the second-stage cutterhead (4) is arranged along the radial direction of the drill shaft (2) and is positioned below the third-stage cutterhead (3), and the cutting radius of the second-stage cutterhead is smaller than that of the third-stage cutterhead (3);
the down-the-hole hammer is arranged at the lower end of the drill shaft (2) and comprises a down-the-hole hammer impactor (5) and a down-the-hole drill bit (6);
the cutting surfaces formed by the outer cutting blades of the down-the-hole drill bit (6), the secondary cutterhead (4) and the tertiary cutterhead (3) are in an inverted cone shape as a whole;
the two-stage cutterhead (4) and the three-stage cutterhead (3) are respectively provided with an upward stirring tooth (7), and the stirring teeth (7) are positioned on the inner side of the outer side cutting blade (8);
the three-stage cutterhead (3) and the two-stage cutterhead (4) are arranged on the outer side wall of the drill shaft (2) along the radial direction of the drill shaft (2);
the down-the-hole hammer impactor (5) is arranged at the bottom of the drill shaft (2), and the down-the-hole drill bit (6) is arranged at the bottom of the down-the-hole hammer impactor (5); the down-the-hole drill bit (6) rotates along with the single-shaft cement-soil mixing pile drill bit to advance, and the down-the-hole hammer impactor (5) can drive the down-the-hole drill bit (6) to vibrate and impact along the axial direction to advance when encountering a hard soil layer or a hard soil block.
2. The uniaxial cement-soil mixing pile drill bit of claim 1, wherein,
the bottom cutting blade (9) of the down-the-hole drill bit (6) is a conical cutting blade;
the outer cutting blades (8) of the three-stage cutter head (3) and the two-stage cutter head (4) are spade cutting blades.
3. The single-shaft cement-soil mixing pile drill bit according to claim 2, wherein the secondary cutterhead (4) and the tertiary cutterhead (3) are provided with two groups of cutterheads distributed along the same straight line, and the cutterheads of the two groups of cutterheads are vertically arranged.
4. The uniaxial cement-soil mixing pile drill bit of claim 2, wherein,
the two-stage cutterhead (4) and the three-stage cutterhead (3) are respectively provided with three groups of cutterheads which are respectively positioned at the same height of the drill shaft (2) and distributed along the radial direction of the drill shaft at equal angles.
5. The single-shaft cement mixing pile drill bit according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that a four-stage cutterhead is further arranged above the three-stage cutterhead (3), and is arranged along the radial direction of the drill shaft (2) and has a cutting radius larger than the cutting radius of the three-stage cutterhead (3); the cutting surfaces formed by the outer cutting blades of the down-the-hole drill bit (6), the second-stage cutter head (4), the third-stage cutter head (3) and the fourth-stage cutter head are in an inverted cone shape as a whole; the cutting radius of the four-stage cutterhead is the pile forming radius.
6. A single shaft cemented soil mixing pile drill bit according to claim 5, characterised in that the down-the-hole hammer impactor (5) is a pneumatic impactor which, when operated, expels high pressure air from the bottom.
7. The uniaxial cement-soil mixing pile drill bit of claim 6, wherein,
the connector (1) is a standard connector.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810934485.XA CN108868590B (en) | 2018-08-16 | 2018-08-16 | Single-shaft cement-soil mixing pile drill bit |
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| CN201810934485.XA CN108868590B (en) | 2018-08-16 | 2018-08-16 | Single-shaft cement-soil mixing pile drill bit |
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| CN108868590A CN108868590A (en) | 2018-11-23 |
| CN108868590B true CN108868590B (en) | 2023-12-08 |
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| CN110228126B (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2021-10-19 | 徐光飞 | Device and method for manufacturing and forming water permeable brick |
| CN111058443B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-22 | 建华建材（中国）有限公司 | A construction method of prefabricated pile composite foundation for eliminating the collapsibility of loess |
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