CN108865398A - A kind of waste lubricating oil preprocess method - Google Patents
A kind of waste lubricating oil preprocess method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108865398A CN108865398A CN201810865720.2A CN201810865720A CN108865398A CN 108865398 A CN108865398 A CN 108865398A CN 201810865720 A CN201810865720 A CN 201810865720A CN 108865398 A CN108865398 A CN 108865398A
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- lubricating oil
- waste lubricating
- oil
- waste
- film
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
- C10M175/0016—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning with the use of chemical agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
- C10M175/0025—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning by thermal processes
- C10M175/0033—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning by thermal processes using distillation processes; devices therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
- C10M175/0058—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning by filtration and centrifugation processes; apparatus therefor
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of waste lubricating oil preprocess methods, and in conjunction with the methods of complexing, centrifugation, flash distillation, film filtering, removing residue pitch, metal impurities, moisture and lighter hydrocarbons keep the subsequent processing of waste lubricating oil more efficient.The present invention combines the complexing agent processing of waste lubricating oil and film filtering, can take into account the removing to additive, residue pitch and metal, high to the removal of impurity in waste lubricating oil, pretreating effect is good, operating procedure is simple, and equipment up-front investment is few, marketing easy to accomplish.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to waste lubricant oil regenerations to utilize technical field, and in particular to a kind of waste lubricating oil preprocess method.
Background technique
With China's development of machinery industry, demand for lubricating oil amount is continuously increased, and lubricating oil makes under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions
With significant changes occur for composed structure and performance：It, can gradually aged deterioration due to the oxidation of high temperature and air；Friction
Metal powder, breathing and other reasons that component is ground and enter the moisture in oil, impurity etc. is invaded from surrounding air
Reason can also promote oil ageing.Which results in addition to containing most of base oil, also contain in waste lubricating oil composition
The undesirable components such as moisture, lighter hydrocarbons, metal particle, carbon granules, ash content, greasy filth, additive, residue pitch and mechanical admixture, these
Undesirable components can seriously affect the links of waste oil regeneration refining following process, and such as hydrofinishing is hydrocracked, film filtering
Processing etc..That is, lubricating oil is formed with corrosion and the influence of mechanical wear and being continuously increased for lubricating oil additional amount
A kind of content is high, carbon residue is high, insoluble matter is more, and tenor is big, the dark waste lubricating oil more than polarity residue, such is useless in China
15,000,000 tons of lubricating oil annual output or more.However, waste lubricating oil is not waste oil, what is really gone bad in waste lubricating oil is wherein
A few percent, show that impurity component only accounts for 1-2.5% in waste lubricating oil according to the analysis and research of waste lubricating oil, main body is still
Base oil.This kind of waste lubricating oil is directly outwelled frequently as waste material or is used directly as fuel, and the waste of resource is not only caused,
And exacerbate environmental pollution.
Disposition of the various countries for waste lubricating oil, mode that there are mainly two types of：(1) fuel is regenerated as after removing heavy-metal
(being hydrocracked)；(2) regeneration becomes the base oil of lubricating oil or lubricating oil (hydrofinishing, distillation-pickling-is clay-filtered
Deng).No matter which kind of method is used, the pretreatment to waste lubricating oil is all the first step of waste lubricant oil regeneration, and very crucial
One step.The presently disclosed pretreated method of waste lubricating oil has distillation, sedimentation, flocculation, film filtering etc., the way of distillation and sedimentation stream
Journey simple process, low in raw material price, cost of equipment is low, but thermal processes act when waste oil distillation can destroy detergent-dispersant additive
Dispersity is deposited on the solid impurity to suspend on column plate, filler and boiler tube, and blocking channel influences waste oil distillation equipment
Long period operation, and distill that the waste lubricant oil regeneration utilization rate settled out is low, and lubricating oil is of low quality after regeneration；Flocculence
It is bad to the removal effect of metal ion (especially calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, sodium) since the selection of complexing agent is improper, and remaining
Metal ion will cause follow-up hydrogenation and the catalyst poisoning inactivation in techniques such as refine, is hydrocracked, and be unfavorable for subsequent processing；Film mistake
Filter method is filtered by the organic film or inoranic membrane of different pore size, but since waste lubricating oil pre-processing is not in place, profit of giving up
The partial size of sliding well cuts is excessive, is easy that ceramic membrane is blocked and polluted, therefore ceramic membrane needs to be replaced frequently, and causes the method
Higher cost.In presently disclosed technology, the complexing agent processing of waste lubricating oil and film filtering are not combined, it cannot
The removing for taking into account additive, residue pitch and metal very well, influences pretreating effect.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of waste lubricating oil preprocess methods, in conjunction with complexing, centrifugation, flash distillation
With film filtering the methods of, the removing of additive, residue pitch and metal can be taken into account, increase the subsequent processing of waste lubricating oil more
Effect.
The present invention is implemented with the following technical solutions：
A kind of waste lubricating oil preprocess method, waste lubricating oil is successively carried out complexation approach, centrifugation step, flash steps and
Membrane filtration step finally obtains pretreatment oil；
The complexation approach is that complexing agent is added into waste lubricating oil, and the complexing agent can be with the heavy metal in waste lubricating oil
Reactant salt makes the organic salt dissolved in waste lubricating oil be changed into undissolved inorganic salts, removes through centrifugation step；
The centrifugation step is that the waste lubricating oil after being complexed carries out centrifugal treating, and the residue after centrifugation is concentrate reconciliation
Pitch, the supernatant after taking centrifugation carry out flash steps；
The flash steps are to flash the waste lubricating oil supernatant after centrifugation, and nitrogen atmosphere gradually heats, finally
It controls kettle temperature and is no more than 200 DEG C, successively steam and remove lighter hydrocarbons, water and gasoline, the waste lubricating oil after flash distillation is subjected to film filtering
Step；
The membrane filtration step is that the waste lubricating oil after flashing carries out film filtration treatment, and liquid is concentrate reconciliation drip before film
Blueness, liquid is pretreatment oil after film.Pretreatment oil residue, metal impurities, the moisture that waste lubricating oil obtains after above-mentioned steps are handled
And lighter hydrocarbons remaining quantity is small, complexing metal remover can be reacted with the heavy metallic salt in waste lubricating oil, turn the organic salt dissolved in oil
Become undissolved inorganic salts, convenient for removal；After centrifugation step, the impurity that density is greater than waste lubricating oil can be removed, it is described
Impurity includes itself particle insoluble in waste lubricating oil and the metal inorganic salt after being complexed insoluble in waste lubricating oil；Flash distillation step
Suddenly the lighter hydrocarbons contained in waste lubricating oil, water, gasoline impurity are steamed and removed respectively, promote the oil product of waste lubricating oil；After flashing
Waste lubricating oil further progress film filtration treatment, since the impurity particle in waste lubricating oil at this time is small, content is low, give up lubrication
The speed that oil passes through ceramic membrane is fast, high-efficient, filter effect is good, and can prevent ceramic membrane mesh from blocking, and increases ceramic membrane
Service life, keep cost controllable.
Preferably, the mass ratio of complexing agent and waste lubricating oil is 0.1-3.0:100.When the quality of complexing agent and waste lubricating oil
Than within the above range when, complexing agent is good to the complexing of metal ion effect in waste lubricating oil, can be by most metal ions
Complex-precipitation.
Preferably, the complexing agent is the mixture of Sulfates, amides and phosphoric acid salt substance.The complexing agent can
Reacted with the heavy metallic salt in waste lubricating oil, the organic salt dissolved in waste lubricating oil made to be changed into undissolved inorganic salts, through from
Heart step removes.
Preferably, waste lubricating oil need to be warming up to 85-90 DEG C by the complexation approach, and stirring is continuously heating to 120-160
DEG C, stirring dehydration stands cooling.85-90 DEG C of certifiable waste lubricating oil has good mobility, when being continuously heating to 120-
At 160 DEG C, the moisture in waste lubricating oil will become vapor evolution, remove the moisture in waste lubricating oil.
Preferably, the film is nano ceramics film, and main component is aluminium oxide and zirconium oxide.Ceramic membrane has separative efficiency
High, the advantages that chemical stability is good, high mechanical strength, low energy consumption, simple and convenient operation and maintenance, long service life.
Preferably, there is precipitation step before the complexation approach, the precipitation step is by waste lubricating oil standing sedimentation 8-16
Hour, the biggish impurity particle of density is down to waste lubricating oil bottom by precipitation step.
Preferably, there is whipping step before the precipitation step, the whipping step temperature control is at 70-100 DEG C.Heating can
Make the reduction of waste lubricating oil viscosity, accelerates the heat movement speed of impurity particle, convenient for the progress of whipping step；Stirring can prevent
Waste lubricating oil hot-spot makes impurity particle in waste lubricating oil be uniformly dispersed, and big impurity particle is made to be dispersed into small impurity particle.
In conclusion the present invention has at least the following advantages：
One, the present invention combines the complexing agent processing of waste lubricating oil and film filtering, can take into account to additive, residue drip
Green and metal removing, high to the removal of impurity in waste lubricating oil, pretreating effect is good, and operating procedure is simple, equipment early period
Small investment, marketing easy to accomplish.
Two, waste lubricating oil is handled using preprocess method of the present invention, it can be by the metal ion in waste lubricating oil (such as
Calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, sodium) efficiently remove, tenor is small in pretreatment oil, can effectively avoid subsequent processing such as plus hydrogen is smart
The technological problems such as catalyst runs period short, line clogging present in system, hydrocracking process.
Three, by treated, waste lubricating oil finally carries out film filtration treatment, due to the impurity in waste lubricating oil at this time
Grain is small, content is low, and the speed that waste lubricating oil passes through ceramic membrane is fast, high-efficient, filter effect is good, and can prevent ceramic membrane mesh
Blocking, increases the service life of ceramic membrane, keeps cost controllable.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is waste lubricating oil pretreatment process figure.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the present invention program, below in conjunction in the embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described.
Embodiment 1
By waste lubricating oil be pumped into stirring oil tank, stir 30 minutes, control temperature at 80 DEG C, standing sedimentation 10 hours,
Remove big mechanical admixture and part water；
It takes after sedimentation in 100 parts of addition reaction kettles of upper layer waste lubricating oil mass parts, is added is prepared by 1 part of complexing agent thereto
At aqueous solution, complexing agent is the mixture of Sulfates, amides and phosphoric acid salt substance, constant to be stirred to react 30 at 90 DEG C
Minute, 150 DEG C are continuously heating to, stirring dehydration 30 minutes.
Mixture after complex reaction is carried out to be centrifuged de- Slag treatment；
It takes the upper liquid after being centrifuged de- Slag treatment to be placed in container to be flashed, takes the upper liquid after being centrifuged de- Slag treatment
It is placed in container and is flashed, nitrogen atmosphere gradually heats, and successively steams lighter hydrocarbons, water, gasoline, and the final kettle temperature that controls is no more than
200 DEG C, removing lighter hydrocarbons, water and gasoline.
50nm inorganic nano ceramic membrane is selected to carry out film process the oil sample after flash distillation, clear liquid is as pretreatment after film
Oil, the relevant nature of analysis pretreatment oil.
Waste oil raw material is flashed simultaneously, nitrogen atmosphere gradually heats, and removes moisture and lighter hydrocarbons, final to control kettle temperature not
More than 200 DEG C.The property of analysis dehydration hydrocarbon ils, compares, analysis result is as shown in table 1 below with the property of above-mentioned pretreatment oil.It can
To find out, waste lubricating oil is pre-processed by the method for the invention, most of mechanical admixture, residue and metal can be removed, reached
Pretreated purpose is arrived.
1 waste oil raw material of table and pretreatment oil nature analysis
Embodiment 2
By waste lubricating oil be pumped into stirring oil tank, stir 30 minutes, control temperature at 80 DEG C, standing sedimentation 10 hours,
Remove big mechanical admixture and part water；
It takes after sedimentation in 100 parts of addition reaction kettles of upper layer waste lubricating oil mass parts, is added is prepared by 2 parts of complexing agents thereto
At aqueous solution, complexing agent is the mixture of Sulfates, amides and phosphoric acid salt substance, constant to be stirred to react 30 at 90 DEG C
Minute, 150 DEG C are continuously heating to, stirring dehydration 30 minutes；
Mixture after complex reaction is carried out to be centrifuged de- Slag treatment；
It takes the upper liquid after being centrifuged de- Slag treatment to be placed in container to be flashed, nitrogen atmosphere gradually heats, and successively steams
Lighter hydrocarbons, water, gasoline out, the final kettle temperature that controls are no more than 200 DEG C, removing lighter hydrocarbons, water and gasoline.
50nm inorganic nano ceramic membrane is selected to carry out film process the oil sample after flash distillation, clear liquid is as pretreatment after film
Oil, the relevant nature of analysis pretreatment oil.
Waste oil raw material is flashed simultaneously, nitrogen atmosphere gradually heats, and removes moisture and lighter hydrocarbons, final to control kettle temperature not
More than 200 DEG C.It is compared with the property of above-mentioned pretreatment oil, analysis result is as shown in table 2 below.As can be seen that square through the invention
Method pre-processes waste lubricating oil, can remove most of mechanical admixture, residue and metal, has reached pretreated purpose.
2 waste oil raw material of table and pretreatment oil nature analysis
Embodiment 3
By waste lubricating oil be pumped into stirring oil tank, stir 30 minutes, control temperature at 80 DEG C, standing sedimentation 10 hours,
Remove big mechanical admixture and part water；
Take after sedimentation in 100 parts of addition reaction kettles of upper layer waste lubricating oil, be added thereto be configured to by 1 part of complexing agent it is water-soluble
Liquid, complexing agent is the mixture of Sulfates, amides and phosphoric acid salt substance, constant to be stirred to react at 90 DEG C 30 minutes,
150 DEG C are continuously heating to, stirring dehydration 30 minutes；
Mixture after complex reaction is carried out to be centrifuged de- Slag treatment；
It takes the upper liquid after being centrifuged de- Slag treatment to be placed in container to be flashed, nitrogen atmosphere gradually heats, and successively steams
Lighter hydrocarbons, water, gasoline out, the final kettle temperature that controls are no more than 200 DEG C, removing lighter hydrocarbons, water and gasoline.
100nm inorganic nano ceramic membrane is selected to carry out film process the oil sample after flash distillation, clear liquid is as pre- place after film
Reason oil, the relevant nature of analysis pretreatment oil.
Waste oil raw material is flashed simultaneously, nitrogen atmosphere gradually heats, and removes moisture and lighter hydrocarbons, final to control kettle temperature not
More than 200 DEG C.The property of analysis dehydration hydrocarbon ils, compares, analysis result is as shown in table 3 below with the property of above-mentioned pretreatment oil.It can
To find out, waste lubricating oil is pre-processed by the method for the invention, most of mechanical admixture, residue and metal can be removed, reached
Pretreated purpose is arrived.
3 waste oil raw material of table and pretreatment oil nature analysis
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, does not depart from this hair for those of ordinary skill in the art
Under the premise of bright principle, several variations and modifications can also be made, these also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of waste lubricating oil preprocess method, it is characterised in that：Waste lubricating oil is successively carried out complexation approach, centrifugation step,
Flash steps and membrane filtration step finally obtain pretreatment oil；
The complexation approach is that complexing agent is added into waste lubricating oil, and the complexing agent is Sulfates, amides and phosphate
The mixture of substance can react with the heavy metallic salt in waste lubricating oil, be changed into the organic salt dissolved in waste lubricating oil not
The inorganic salts of dissolution, remove through centrifugation step；
The centrifugation step is that the waste lubricating oil after being complexed carries out centrifugal treating, and the residue after centrifugation is concentrate reconciliation drip
Blueness, the supernatant after taking centrifugation carry out flash steps；
The flash steps are to flash the waste lubricating oil supernatant after centrifugation, and nitrogen atmosphere gradually heats, final to control
Kettle temperature is no more than 200 DEG C, successively steams and remove lighter hydrocarbons, water and gasoline impurity, and the waste lubricating oil after flash distillation is carried out film filtering
Step；
The membrane filtration step is that the waste lubricating oil after flashing carries out film filtration treatment, and liquid is concentrate reconciliation pitch before film,
Liquid is pretreatment oil after film.
2. a kind of waste lubricating oil preprocess method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Complexing agent and waste lubricating oil
Mass ratio is 0.1-3.0:100.
3. a kind of waste lubricating oil preprocess method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The complexation approach needs to give up
Lubricating oil is warming up to 90 DEG C, is stirred to react 30 minutes, is continuously heating to 120-160 DEG C, and stirring dehydration stands cooling.
4. a kind of waste lubricating oil preprocess method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The film is ceramic nano
Film.
5. a kind of waste lubricating oil preprocess method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：There have before the complexation approach to be heavy
Step drops, and the precipitation step is by waste lubricating oil standing sedimentation 8-16 hours.
6. a kind of waste lubricating oil preprocess method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：It is stirred before the precipitation step
Step is mixed, the whipping step temperature control is at 70-100 DEG C.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110437923A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-12 | 磁悬浮润滑油(苏州)有限公司 | The method that chloride ion removes additive in lubricating oil |
| CN112322375A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-05 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Method for removing iron and copper ions in lubricating oil |
| CN113088324A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-09 | 山东英可利新材料技术有限公司 | Method for extracting carbon nano material from waste lubricating oil, heavy oil or asphalt |
| CN114854484A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-05 | 河北车迪石油化工有限公司 | Waste mineral oil regeneration process and system |
| CN115386417A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-11-25 | 茂名市鹰鹏机电设备有限公司 | Method for removing ash content of waste lubricating oil through chemical crystallization |
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| CN113088324A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-09 | 山东英可利新材料技术有限公司 | Method for extracting carbon nano material from waste lubricating oil, heavy oil or asphalt |
| CN113088324B (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2023-04-07 | 山东英可利新材料技术有限公司 | Method for extracting carbon nano material from waste lubricating oil, heavy oil or asphalt |
| CN114854484A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-05 | 河北车迪石油化工有限公司 | Waste mineral oil regeneration process and system |
| CN114854484B (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2023-04-25 | 河北车迪石油化工有限公司 | Process and system for regenerating waste mineral oil |
| CN115386417A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-11-25 | 茂名市鹰鹏机电设备有限公司 | Method for removing ash content of waste lubricating oil through chemical crystallization |
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|---|---|
| CN108865398B (en) | 2021-04-06 |
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