CN108849553B - Underground manure scraping and automatic manure cleaning system for closed livestock house - Google Patents
Underground manure scraping and automatic manure cleaning system for closed livestock house Download PDFInfo
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- CN108849553B CN108849553B CN201810639036.2A CN201810639036A CN108849553B CN 108849553 B CN108849553 B CN 108849553B CN 201810639036 A CN201810639036 A CN 201810639036A CN 108849553 B CN108849553 B CN 108849553B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/01—Removal of dung or urine, e.g. from stables
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/01—Removal of dung or urine, e.g. from stables
- A01K1/0128—Removal of dung or urine, e.g. from stables by means of scrapers or the like moving continuously
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0151—Grids; Gratings; Slatted floors
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of livestock environment engineering, and relates to an underground manure scraping and automatic manure cleaning system for a closed livestock house, which solves the contradiction that the internal environment of the livestock house is required to be communicated with the outside of a pig house in the manure scraping process, reduces the regulation and control energy consumption of the livestock house environment and realizes energy-saving production; solves the problem of malodorous gas transmission in the livestock house, reduces the pollution of the livestock farm to the surrounding air environment, and can realize environmental protection production; the problem of cross infection of diseases among different livestock areas is solved, the prevention and control capability of production diseases can be improved, and safe production is realized; the integrated system realizes full-automatic manure scraping, manure cleaning and manure transporting, reduces the labor capacity of workers, ensures the labor environment of the workers, and realizes full-automatic pollution-free manure cleaning in animal husbandry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of livestock environment engineering, and relates to an underground manure scraping and automatic manure cleaning system for a closed livestock house.
Background
The manure cleaning is a main content of production management of animal husbandry, and is also one of important links of comprehensive manure treatment and animal husbandry environment regulation. Currently, three modes of water-based manure flushing, water-based manure soaking and dry manure cleaning are adopted in the animal husbandry to clean manure, the labor intensity of water-based manure flushing is low, the cleanliness is high, the water consumption is huge, and the sewage production is high; compared with water-immersed manure, the water-immersed manure saves water consumption, but is easy to ferment to generate harmful gas, and the manure is immersed in urine and water for a long time to cause loss of nutrient substances, so that the recycling value of the manure is reduced; the dry manure is artificial dry manure and mechanical dry manure, the production efficiency of the artificial dry manure is low, the working strength is high, the mechanical dry manure has the advantages of small sewage production amount, small nutrient loss, labor saving and the like, and is the key development direction of the manure cleaning technology in the future of livestock on a large scale in China, and the pig industry is taken as an example for illustration.
The most widely used and mature mechanical dry-cleaning mode of the large-scale pig farm in China is an underground mechanical manure scraping mode, and is mainly characterized in that a manure scraping floor is laid at the level of the ground in the pig farm, manure scraping ditches with the depth of 0.8-1.6m are built below the manure scraping floor, the bottoms of the manure scraping ditches are V-shaped slopes, a drain pipe is arranged in the center of the bottoms of the manure scraping ditches, dirt such as pig manure, urine and cleaning water fall into the manure scraping ditches through the floor, liquid dirt such as urine and cleaning water naturally flows to the drain pipe through the slopes of the V-shaped slopes, solid dirt such as manure is left on the bottoms of the manure scraping ditches and is collected and cleaned to the outer end of the pig farm through mechanical scraping plates, and manure in the pig farm or manure in the manure collected by a plurality of manure ditches is communicated through the outer manure scraping ditches and is uniformly transported to a pig farm waste comprehensive treatment area through a manure transporting vehicle or a conveyor belt.
The underground mechanical manure scraping mode of the pig house realizes timely cleaning of the manure of the pig house and source separation of manure, is beneficial to keeping the pig house clean and sanitary, not only saves the nutrients in solid manure, is beneficial to recycling manure and returning to the field, but also reduces indexes such as COD, ammonia nitrogen and the like in sewage, is beneficial to harmless treatment of the sewage, and is one of the main manure cleaning modes of the large-scale pig farms in China at present and in the future.
The existing underground mechanical manure scraping pigsty generally cleans manure inside the pigsty outside the pigsty, so in order to ensure the operation of a manure scraping system in a manure ditch, the underground manure ditch is actually communicated with the environment outside the pigsty, however, the communication meets the requirement of manure cleaning, but has the following fatal defects: (1) for the current commonly adopted closed pig house, the communication of the manure pit brings adverse effects to the regulation and control of the environment in the house, especially brings adverse effects to the ventilation system in the pig house, the air flow enters the pig house through a specific air inlet, but the communication phase change of the manure pit is added with an air inlet, so that the air flow distribution in the house is seriously disturbed, the regulation and control of the suitable environment of the pig house are not facilitated, and meanwhile, the energy consumption required by ventilation, heat preservation, heat insulation and the like of the pig house is greatly increased due to the defect of insufficient tightness of the underground manure pit of the pig house, and the cost required by the regulation and control of the environment of the pig house is increased; (2) the pig house manure is a source of pig house pollution, and comprises malodorous gas, airborne microorganisms, dust and other pollutants, and the manure pit is used for communicating the inside and the outside of the pig house, so that the control of the external air environment of the pig house is not facilitated, and the environment protection requirement is not met; (3) the pig house manure pit is communicated with the inside and the outside of the pig house, so that air pathogenic microorganisms are easy to spread, thereby causing cross infection and epidemic disease spreading of diseases among different pig houses, pigs and people and different farms, and serious epidemic disease prevention and control potential safety hazards exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide the underground manure scraping and automatic manure cleaning system for the closed livestock house, which fills the technical blank of the underground manure scraping system for the pig house in the aspect of environmental tightness, improves the environment regulation and control efficiency of the pig house, reduces the energy consumption, reduces the air pollution degree of the pig farm to the surrounding environment, controls the infection and diffusion propagation of disease price difference, only provides comfortable growing environment for pigs, provides fresh air environment for the surrounding of the pig farm, and realizes the energy conservation, environmental protection and safety of pig raising production.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
an underground manure scraping and automatic manure cleaning system for a closed livestock house, comprising: the livestock shed consists of a ceiling, a wall body for supporting the ceiling and isolating the external environment and a leaky floor arranged on the ground, wherein the leaky floor is paved on the ground in the livestock shed at intervals or continuously; the excrement scraping groove is arranged on one side of the slotted floor, which is far away from the ceiling, and animal excrement flows down from the slotted floor and enters the excrement scraping groove; the manure conveying ditch is arranged at the outer side of the livestock house and at one end of the manure scraping ditch and is communicated with the manure scraping ditch; the baffle module is arranged on a position on the wall body, which is matched with one end of the manure scraping groove, and comprises a baffle unit and a lifting unit, wherein the baffle unit seals the manure scraping groove in a falling state, and the baffle unit is communicated with the manure transporting groove in a lifting state; the manure transporting vehicle is movably arranged in the manure transporting ditch and is used for receiving manure flowing out of the manure scraping ditch; and the manure scraping plate is movably arranged inside the manure scraping groove and is used for pushing out manure in the manure scraping groove along the direction close to the manure conveying groove.
Optionally, a house inner drain pipe is arranged at the bottom of the manure scraping ditch, and drain pipe gaps are formed in two sides of the house inner drain pipe; the outer side of the livestock house is provided with a total blow-down pipe which is communicated with the blow-down pipe in the house.
Optionally, the total drain is disposed on a side of the barn remote from the manure pit.
Optionally, the control system further comprises a control system, wherein the control system comprises a first limit switch arranged at one end of the manure scraping ditch far away from the manure transporting ditch, a third limit switch arranged at one end of the manure scraping ditch close to the manure transporting ditch, a second limit switch arranged between the first limit switch and the third limit switch and a main switch, the control system is electrically communicated and controls the manure scraping plate, the manure transporting vehicle and the baffle module, when the control system is started, the main switch is started, the manure scraping plate starts to push manure in the manure scraping ditch to move from the position of the first limit switch to the direction close to the manure transporting ditch, when the manure scraping plate passes through the second limit switch, the manure transporting vehicle starts to move to the position close to the third limit switch in the manure transporting ditch, and after the manure transporting vehicle reaches the position of the third limit switch, the baffle module is started, and the baffle unit is lifted, and the manure scraping plate continues to move to push manure out of the manure transporting ditch and enter the manure scraping vehicle; and then the manure scraping vehicle continuously moves away from the manure scraping ditch, the manure scraping plate moves back along the direction away from the manure transporting ditch, the baffle module falls down the baffle unit, the manure scraping plate returns to the position of the first limit switch, and the system is stopped.
Optionally, the hoisting unit includes the winch that is used for providing lifting power, fixes first pulley on the wall body, fixes at scraping the second pulley that excrement ditch directly over and parallel arrangement with first pulley, is used for the support frame of fixed first pulley and second change gear to and one end connection winch, and the other end passes first pulley, second pulley in proper order and fixes the rope that sets up in the baffle top, support frame one end is fixed to be set up on the wall body, the other end is fixed to be set up subaerial in the poultry house.
Optionally, the winch is a hand winch or an electric winch.
Optionally, the rope is a wire rope.
Optionally, the bottom of the manure scraping ditch is in an inverted isosceles triangle shape, and the gradient ratio is 0.7%.
Optionally, the drain pipe gaps at two sides of the drain pipe in the house are in an inverted isosceles triangle shape, and the gradient is 20%.
Optionally, separate by the rail in the poultry house and be a plurality of poultry region, individual poultry region all is equipped with the floor of leak, scrapes the excrement ditch, scrapes excrement board, and baffle module correspondingly.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the underground manure scraping and automatic manure cleaning system for the closed livestock shed solves the contradiction that the internal environment of the livestock shed is required to be communicated with the exterior of the pig shed in the manure scraping process, reduces the regulation and control energy consumption of the livestock shed environment, and realizes energy conservation and life; solves the problem of malodorous gas transmission in the livestock house, reduces the pollution of the livestock farm to the surrounding air environment, and can realize environmental protection production; the problem of cross infection of diseases among different livestock areas is solved, the prevention and control capability of production diseases can be improved, and safe production is realized; the integrated system realizes full-automatic manure scraping, manure cleaning and manure transporting, reduces the labor capacity of workers, ensures the labor environment of the workers, and realizes full-automatic pollution-free manure cleaning in animal husbandry.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the specification.
Drawings
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in the following preferred detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a zoo-house according to the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a zoo-house according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a control schematic of the control system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a baffle module according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a control system in a stopped state according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a state of the manure scraping plate in the present invention when the manure scraping plate has not passed through the second limit switch after being started;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the position of the manure scraper passing through the second limit switch;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the manure truck of the present invention beginning to hold manure;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a state that a manure scraping plate returns to an original path after manure loading of a manure transporting vehicle is completed;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of the feces scraping plate after reset according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic idea of the present invention by way of illustration, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, reference numerals in the drawings denote: the manure transporting vehicle 1, the manure transporting ditch 2, the third limit switch 3, the second limit switch 4, the wall body 5, the baffle module 6, the electric winch 61, the first pulley 62, the second pulley 63, the steel wire rope 64, the supporting frame 65, the baffle unit 66, the manure scraping ditch 7, the in-house blow-off pipe 8, the blow-off pipe gap 9, the first limit switch 10, the total blow-off pipe 11, the manure scraping plate 12, the leaky floor 13 and the fence 14.
The invention relates to an underground manure scraping and automatic manure cleaning system for a closed livestock house, which comprises the following components: the livestock shed consists of a ceiling, a wall body 5 for supporting the ceiling and isolating the external environment and a leaky floor 13 arranged on the ground, wherein the leaky floor 13 is paved on the ground in the livestock shed at intervals or continuously; the manure scraping groove 7 is arranged on one side of the slotted floor 13 away from the ceiling, and animal manure flows down from the slotted floor 13 and enters the manure scraping groove 7; the manure conveying ditch 2 is arranged at the outer side of the livestock house and at one end of the manure scraping ditch 7 and is communicated with the manure scraping ditch 7; the baffle module 6 is arranged on the wall 5 and matched with one end of the manure scraping groove 7, and comprises a baffle unit 66 and a lifting unit, wherein the baffle unit 66 seals the manure scraping groove 7 in a falling state, and the baffle unit 66 is communicated with the manure transporting groove 2 in a lifting state; the manure transporting vehicle 1 is movably arranged in the manure transporting ditch 2 and is used for receiving manure flowing out of the manure scraping ditch 7; and the manure scraping plate 12 is movably arranged inside the manure scraping groove 7 and is used for pushing out manure in the manure scraping groove 7 along the direction close to the manure conveying groove 2.
In the process of using the system, the excrement scraping plate 12 is started, excrement in the excrement scraping ditch 7 is pushed out along the direction facing the excrement transporting ditch 2, the baffle plate unit 66 is lifted, the excrement is smoothly pushed out of the excrement scraping ditch 7 and enters the excrement transporting vehicle 1, the excrement transporting vehicle 1 transports the excrement along the excrement transporting ditch 2, the baffle plate unit 66 descends, the excrement scraping ditch 7 is closed, and the air in the excrement scraping ditch 7 is prevented from being communicated with the external environment for a long time, so that the environment is polluted.
Preferably, the bottom of the manure scraping ditch 7 is provided with a house interior blow-off pipe 8, and two sides of the house interior blow-off pipe 8 are provided with blow-off pipe gaps 9; the outer side of the livestock house is provided with a total blow-down pipe 11, and the total blow-down pipe 11 is communicated with a blow-down pipe 8 in the house; the main drain pipe 11 is arranged on one side of the livestock house far away from the manure conveying ditch 2; the lifting unit comprises a winch for providing lifting force, a first pulley 62 fixed on the wall body 5, a second pulley 63 fixed right above the manure scraping ditch 7 and arranged in parallel with the first pulley 62, a support frame 65 for fixing the first pulley 62 and the second change gear, and a rope with one end connected with the winch and the other end penetrating through the first pulley 62 and the second pulley 63 in sequence and fixedly arranged above the baffle, wherein one end of the support frame 65 is fixedly arranged on the wall body 5, and the other end is fixedly arranged on the ground in the livestock house; the winch is a hand winch or an electric winch 61; the rope is a steel wire rope 64; the bottom of the manure scraping groove 7 is in an inverted isosceles triangle shape, and the gradient ratio is 0.7%; the drain pipe gaps 9 on two sides of the drain pipe 8 in the house are in an inverted isosceles triangle shape, and the gradient is 20%; the livestock shed is divided into a plurality of livestock areas by fences 14, and the individual livestock areas are respectively provided with a leaky floor 13, a manure scraping ditch 7, a manure scraping plate 12 and a baffle module 6.
In order to realize automatic manure cleaning of the livestock shed, the automatic manure cleaning device further comprises a control system, wherein the control system comprises a first limit switch 10 arranged at one end of the manure scraping ditch 7 away from the manure transporting ditch 2, a third limit switch 3 arranged at one end of the manure scraping ditch 7 close to the manure transporting ditch 2, a second limit switch 4 arranged between the first limit switch 10 and the third limit switch 3 and a main switch, the control system is electrically communicated and controls a manure scraping plate 12, the manure transporting truck 1 and a baffle module 6, when the control system is started, the main switch is started, the manure scraping plate 12 pushes manure in the manure scraping ditch 7 to move from the position of the first limit switch 10 to the direction close to the manure transporting ditch 2, when the manure scraping plate 12 passes through the second limit switch 4, the manure transporting truck 1 moves to the position close to the manure scraping ditch 7 in the direction of the manure transporting ditch 2, after the manure transporting truck 1 reaches the position of the third limit switch 3, the baffle module 6 is started, and the baffle unit 66 is started, and the manure scraping plate 12 is continuously moved to push out of the manure transporting ditch 2; the manure scraping vehicle then continues to move away from the manure scraping gutter 7, the manure scraping plate 12 moves back in a direction away from the manure transporting gutter 2, the baffle module 6 falls down the baffle unit 66, the manure scraping plate 12 returns to the position of the first limit switch 10, and the system stops.
The size and shape of the baffle unit 66 are designed according to the shape characteristics of the manure scraping groove 7, the baffle unit 66 is completely attached to the shapes of the two side walls and the bottom surface of the manure scraping groove 7 in a descending state, and the baffle unit 66 is made of hard, corrosion-resistant, heat-insulating and heat-preserving materials, so that the baffle unit 66 has the functions of isolating air circulation and reducing heat transfer, and meanwhile, is not corroded by manure in the manure scraping groove 7 and air.
The underground manure scraping and automatic manure cleaning system for the closed livestock shed solves the contradiction that the internal environment of the livestock shed is required to be communicated with the exterior of the pig shed in the manure scraping process, reduces the regulation and control energy consumption of the livestock shed environment, and realizes energy conservation and life; solves the problem of malodorous gas transmission in the livestock house, reduces the pollution of the livestock farm to the surrounding air environment, and can realize environmental protection production; the problem of cross infection of diseases among different livestock areas is solved, the prevention and control capability of production diseases can be improved, and safe production is realized; the integrated system realizes full-automatic manure scraping, manure cleaning and manure transporting, reduces the labor capacity of workers, ensures the labor environment of the workers, and realizes full-automatic pollution-free manure cleaning in animal husbandry.
Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. Underground manure scraping and automatic manure cleaning system for closed livestock house is characterized by comprising:
the livestock shed consists of a ceiling, a wall body for supporting the ceiling and isolating the external environment and a leaky floor arranged on the ground, wherein the leaky floor is paved on the ground in the livestock shed at intervals or continuously;
the excrement scraping groove is arranged on one side of the slotted floor, which is far away from the ceiling, and animal excrement flows down from the slotted floor and enters the excrement scraping groove;
the manure conveying ditch is arranged at the outer side of the livestock house and at one end of the manure scraping ditch and is communicated with the manure scraping ditch;
the baffle module is arranged on a position on the wall body, which is matched with one end of the manure scraping groove, and comprises a baffle unit and a lifting unit, wherein the baffle unit seals the manure scraping groove in a falling state, and the baffle unit is communicated with the manure transporting groove in a lifting state;
the manure transporting vehicle is movably arranged in the manure transporting ditch and is used for receiving manure scraped from the manure scraping ditch;
the manure scraping plate is movably arranged in the manure scraping groove and is used for pushing out manure in the manure scraping groove along the direction close to the manure conveying groove;
the control system comprises a first limit switch arranged at one end of the manure scraping ditch far away from the manure transporting ditch, a third limit switch arranged at one end of the manure scraping ditch close to the manure transporting ditch, a second limit switch arranged between the first limit switch and the third limit switch and a master switch, wherein the control system is electrically communicated and controls a manure scraping plate, a manure transporting vehicle and a baffle module; and then the manure scraping vehicle continuously moves away from the manure scraping ditch, the manure scraping plate moves back along the direction away from the manure transporting ditch, the baffle module falls down the baffle unit, the manure scraping plate returns to the position of the first limit switch, and the system is stopped.
2. The underground manure scraping and automatic manure cleaning system for a closed livestock shed as in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the manure scraping ditch is provided with a shed interior blow-off pipe, and two sides of the shed interior blow-off pipe are provided with blow-off pipe gaps; the outer side of the livestock house is provided with a total blow-down pipe which is communicated with the blow-down pipe in the house.
3. A closed type underground manure scraping and automatic manure cleaning system for a livestock house as claimed in claim 2, wherein the total blow-down pipe is arranged on a side of the livestock house away from the manure transporting ditch.
4. The underground manure scraping and automatic manure cleaning system for the closed livestock shed as in claim 1, wherein the hoisting unit comprises a winch for providing hoisting force, a first pulley fixed on a wall body, a second pulley fixed right above the manure scraping ditch and arranged in parallel with the first pulley, a support frame for fixing the first pulley and the second change gear, and a rope with one end connected with the winch and the other end penetrating through the first pulley, the second pulley and fixedly arranged above the baffle, wherein one end of the support frame is fixedly arranged on the wall body, and the other end of the support frame is fixedly arranged on the ground in the livestock shed.
5. The underground manure scraping and automatic manure cleaning system for a closed livestock house as in claim 4, wherein the winch is a hand winch or an electric winch.
6. The underground manure scraping and automatic manure cleaning system for a closed livestock house as in claim 4, wherein the rope is a steel wire rope.
7. The underground manure scraping and automatic manure cleaning system for a closed livestock house as in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the manure scraping ditch is in an inverted isosceles triangle shape, and the gradient ratio is 0.7%.
8. The underground manure scraping and automatic manure cleaning system for a closed livestock house as in claim 2, wherein the sewage pipe slits on two sides of the sewage pipe in the house are in an inverted isosceles triangle shape with a gradient of 20%.
9. The underground manure scraping and automatic manure cleaning system for a closed livestock shed as in claim 1, wherein the livestock shed is divided into a plurality of livestock areas by fences, and each individual livestock area is correspondingly provided with a leaky floor, a manure scraping ditch, a manure scraping plate and a baffle module.
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CN111742844B (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2022-08-30 | 石家庄市畜产品质量监测中心(石家庄市兽药监察所) | Livestock-raising excrement and urine cleaning device |
CN113641147B (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2022-02-08 | 大牧人机械(胶州)有限公司 | Centralized manure cleaning control system and method for pig raising building manure cleaning machine |
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