CN108848718B - Full-quantity straw ground wheat seeder capable of realizing automatic straw split regulation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a full-amount straw wheat seeder that can realize automatic straw diversion control. The frame is provided with a straw conveying auger. One end of the auger shaft has a rolling bearing. The inner circle is connected to the hollow auger, and the outer circle is connected to a hollow auger. The disc is fixedly connected; a rack with the same axial direction as the disc is provided on one edge of the disc, several springs in the same direction as the rack are arranged on the end surface of the disc, and the other end of the spring is fixed to the inside of the side plate of the frame ; There is a flat bevel gear next to the rack. The flat gear part of the flat bevel gear meshes with the rack. The bevel gear part of the flat bevel gear meshes with the driven bevel gear fixed on the outside of the side plate of the frame. The driven bevel gear The rotating shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the straw baffle, and the other end of the straw baffle is hingedly connected to the side plate of the frame. The invention controls the diversion ratio by adjusting the spring and bevel gear transmission ratio before operation. During operation, the tool automatically realizes stepless regulation of straw diversion according to the actual amount of straw in the field. No manual operation is required throughout the process, saving time and labor.

Description

A full-volume straw wheat seeder that can realize automatic straw diversion and control

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and specifically to a full-amount straw wheat seeder that can realize automatic straw diversion and regulation.

Background technique

The full straw wheat seeder can complete straw crushing, cleaning and throwing, rotary tillage sowing, and straw mulching all at once without any treatment of the previous straw. It provides strong support for the return of straw to the field for fertilizer use and the realization of a ban on burning. However, when the previous crop is a crop with a large amount of straw, such as rice and corn, excessive straw coverage will cause wheat seedling shortage and weak seedlings, thereby affecting yield.

Patent No. 201410113918.7 "A no-tillage wheat seeder with adjustable straw coverage for full straw coverage" discloses a no-tillage wheat seeder for full straw coverage with adjustable coverage, which can achieve partial straw insertion into the soil and partial straw coverage. The amount of straw incorporated into the soil and the proportion of coverage are adjustable, but there are the following problems in practical application:

1. This technology uses the adjusting plate to block part of the crushed straw from entering the horizontal auger, and the remaining straw enters the horizontal auger from the gap between the adjusting plate and the horizontal auger shell. When working in fields with large amounts of straw for a long time, , the gap between the adjusting plate and the horizontal auger shell can easily block the straw, causing machine failure.

2. There are differences in the amount of straw in different fields, which requires the operator to adjust the insertion depth of the adjusting plate when changing fields, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and it is difficult for the operator to judge the amount of straw in the field before operation, so the adjustment The amount cannot be determined in advance.

3. When operating in a certain field, the distribution density of straw in the field is often uneven, and this technology can only divert the straw according to the ratio set before the operation, resulting in poor uniformity of straw coverage and inability to fully utilize straw coverage. The effect of sowing.

4. The insertion depth of the adjustment plate is changed through limited screw holes, and the adjustment accuracy is poor.

The above problems have affected the application of full-straw wheat seeders in rice-wheat, corn-wheat rotation areas. The field hopes to have technical solutions to overcome the above shortcomings.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes an automatic straw diversion and control equipment suitable for wheat seeders with full straw fields, which can automatically adjust the straw covering amount and soil penetration amount according to changes in the amount of straw in the field. The specific plans are as follows:

A full-volume straw field wheat seeder that can realize automatic straw diversion and control, including a front-end frame. A rotating cutter shaft driven by a gearbox is installed at the front end of the frame. Multiple straw-breaking knives are arranged on the cutter shaft to crush the straw. There is a horizontal straw conveying auger behind the knife, and a straw throwing impeller is provided at the feeding end of the straw conveying auger. Above the straw throwing impeller, there is a straw throwing pipe with an outlet extending to the rear. It is characterized by:

The straw conveying auger consists of an auger shaft and a hollow auger. The hollow auger is installed on the auger shaft in a circumferentially fixed and axial sliding connection manner;

A rolling bearing is provided on the straw conveying auger and at one end away from the straw-throwing impeller. The inner circle of the rolling bearing is connected to the hollow auger, and the outer circle is fixedly connected to a disk;

There is a rack on one side of the disc with the same axial direction as the disc. The rack passes through the side plate of the frame. There are several springs in the same direction as the rack on the end face of the disc on the same side as the rack. The other end of the spring is fixed to the inside of the side plate of the frame;

Next to the rack, there is a flat bevel gear fixed on the outside of the side plate of the frame. The side gear part of the flat bevel gear meshes with the rack. The bevel gear part of the flat bevel gear meshes with the driven bevel gear fixed on the outside of the side plate of the frame. Engagement, the rotating shaft of the driven bevel gear is fixedly connected to one end of the arc-shaped straw baffle, and the other end of the straw baffle is hingedly connected to the side plate of the frame;

There is a straw unloading door parallel to the auger housing on one side of the auger housing. The straw unloading door faces the rear of the machine in the forward direction, and the straw baffle is located on the outside of the straw unloading door;

When the amount of straw in the straw conveying auger is large, the pushing resistance increases, causing the hollow auger to slide to the side of the spring to compress the spring, and at the same time push the rack to move outward. The rack drives the flat bevel gear to rotate, and the flat bevel gear The driven bevel gear is driven to rotate, so that the straw baffle plate rotates upward and opens, and part of the straw is discharged from the straw unloading door.

Furthermore, the auger shaft is provided with a slideway parallel to the axial direction, and the hollow auger is provided with a chute parallel to the axial direction. The auger shaft and the hollow auger achieve circumferential fixation through the slideway and the chute. Sliding connection.

Further, a wheat rotary tillage seeder is also provided at the rear end of the frame, which is fixed to the rear end of the frame through a connecting frame.

Further, the gearbox is connected to the first pulley of the rotating cutter shaft through a belt, and a second pulley is also provided on the rotating cutter shaft, and the second pulley is connected to the auger shaft through a belt.

Further, a floor roller is provided at the rear and lower part of the frame.

Further, a tripod is provided on the front and upper side of the frame, and a pin hole for fixing the traction equipment is provided on the tripod.

Further, the arc length of the straw baffle plate is greater than the arc length of the straw unloading door.

Further, the rolling bearing is a deep groove ball bearing.

The innovative points of the present invention are:

1. Before operation, the diversion ratio is controlled by adjusting the spring and bevel gear transmission ratio. During operation, the tool automatically realizes stepless regulation of straw diversion according to the actual amount of straw in the field. No manual operation is required throughout the process, saving time and labor.

2. The straw baffle is opened and closed according to changes in the conveying load, so there will be no congestion in the straw conveying parts.

3. The dynamic automatic adjustment function of the diverted flow can ensure that the straw coverage amount is basically consistent, and the straw coverage uniformity is better than that of similar models, which avoids the problems of lack of seedlings and weak seedlings caused by excessive straw coverage, and also takes into account the straw coverage. A series of functions such as heat preservation and moisture preservation.

Description of the drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only illustrative of the present invention. For some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figure 1 is an isometric view of a wheat seeder with a full amount of straw that can realize automatic straw diversion and regulation;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a wheat seeder with full straw content that can realize automatic straw diversion control;

Figure 3 is a diagram of the automatic straw diverting and regulating device after removing the auger shell and the straw baffle;

Figure 4 is a diagram of the straw baffle and its related driving components;

Figure 5 is a configuration diagram of the relevant transmission components of the straw baffle;

Figure 6 is a three-dimensional diagram of the straw conveying auger;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the straw baffle closing (solid line) and opening (dashed line).

Explanation of reference symbols:

1 frame; 2 tripod; 3 gearbox; 4 straw crushing knives; 5 straw conveying auger; 5-1 auger shaft; 5-1-1 slide; 5-2 hollow auger; 5-2-1 Chute; 6 auger housing; 6-1 straw unloading door; 7 rolling bearing; 8 disc; 9 rack; 10 spring; 11 flat bevel gear; 12 driven bevel gear; 13 straw baffle; 14 grass throwing impeller; 15 straw throwing pipe; 16 ground roller; 17 connecting frame; 18 wheat rotary tillage seeder.

Detailed ways

In the following description, numerous specific details are given in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these details. In other examples, some technical features that are well known in the art are not described in order to avoid confusion with the present invention.

In order to fully understand the present invention, detailed steps and detailed structures will be provided in the following description to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. However, in addition to these detailed descriptions, the present invention may also have other embodiments.

The invention provides a full-volume straw field wheat seeder that can realize automatic straw diversion and control. It includes a front-end frame 1. A rotating cutter shaft driven by a gearbox 3 is installed at the front end of the frame. A plurality of cutter shafts are arranged on the cutter shaft. The straw-breaking knife 4 is provided with a horizontal straw conveying auger 5 behind the straw-breaking knife. The feeding end of the straw conveying auger 5 is provided with a straw-throwing impeller 14. The straw-throwing impeller 14 is provided with an outlet extending to the rear above the straw-throwing impeller 14. tube 15. Among them, the straw conveying auger 5 is composed of an auger shaft 5-1 and a hollow auger 5-2. The hollow auger 5-2 is installed on the auger shaft 5-1 in a circumferentially fixed and axial sliding connection manner; A rolling bearing 7 is provided on the straw conveying auger 5 and at one end away from the grass-throwing impeller 14. The inner circle of the rolling bearing 7 is connected to the hollow auger 5-2, and the outer circle is fixedly connected to a disc 8.

A rack 9 with the same axial direction as the disc 8 is provided on one side edge of the disc 8. The rack 9 passes through the side plate of the frame 1. An end surface of the disc 8 located on the same side as the rack 9 is provided with a rack 9 with the same axial direction as the rack 8. 9 several springs 10 in the same direction, the other end of the spring 10 is fixed to the inside of the side plate of the frame 1; next to the rack 9 is a flat bevel gear 11 fixed on the outside of the side plate of the frame 1, and the flat bevel gear 11 is The gear part meshes with the rack 9, the bevel gear part of the flat bevel gear 11 meshes with the driven bevel gear 12 fixed on the outside of the side plate of the frame 1, and the rotating shaft of the driven bevel gear 12 meshes with the arc-shaped straw baffle 13 One end is fixedly connected, and the other end of the straw baffle 13 is hingedly connected to the side plate of the frame 1; one side of the auger housing 6 is provided with a straw unloading door 6-1 parallel to the auger housing 6, and the straw unloading door 6-1 faces Behind the forward direction of the machine tool, the straw baffle 13 is located on the outside of the straw unloading door 6-1.

When the amount of straw in the straw conveying auger 5 is large, the pushing resistance increases, causing the hollow auger 5-2 to slide to the side of the spring 10 to compress the spring 10, and at the same time push the rack 9 to move outward, and the rack 9 drives The flat bevel gear 11 rotates, and the flat bevel gear 11 drives the driven bevel gear 12 to rotate, so that the straw baffle plate 13 rotates upward and opens, and part of the straw is discharged from the straw unloading door 6-1.

In the present invention, the auger shaft 5-1 is provided with a slideway 5-1-1 parallel to the axial direction, and the hollow auger 5-2 is provided with a chute 5-2-1 parallel to the axial direction. The dragon shaft 5-1 and the hollow auger 5-2 realize circumferential fixed and axial sliding connection through the slide 5-1-1 and the chute 5-2-1.

In the present invention, a wheat rotary tillage seeder 18 is also provided at the rear end of the frame 1 and is fixed to the rear end of the frame 1 through a connecting frame 17 .

In the present invention, the gearbox 3 is connected to the first pulley of the rotating cutter shaft through a belt, and the rotating cutter shaft is also provided with a second pulley, and the second pulley is connected to the auger shaft 5-1 through a belt.

In the present invention, a tripod 2 is provided on the front and upper side of the frame 1, and a pin hole for fixing the traction equipment is provided on the tripod 2. In addition, a ground roller 16 is provided at the rear and lower part of the frame 1 .

In the present invention, the arc length of the straw blocking plate 13 is greater than the arc length of the straw unloading door 6-1.

In an optional embodiment, the rolling bearing 7 is a deep groove ball bearing.

Specifically, before operation, a spring 10 with appropriate stiffness should be installed according to the straw diversion requirements, and the bevel gear part of the flat bevel gear 11 and the driven bevel gear 12 can also be replaced to achieve a suitable transmission ratio. When working, the rear three-point suspension of the tractor is connected to the tripod 2, the rear power output shaft of the tractor is connected to the gearbox 3, and drives the straw crushing knife 4, the straw conveying auger 5 and the wheat rotary tillage seeder 18 to work. When the amount of straw in the field is small, the lower edge of the straw baffle 13 is in contact with the lower edge of the straw unloading door 6-1, and all the crushed straw is thrown to the wheat rotary tillage seeder 18 through the straw conveying auger 5 and the straw throwing pipe 15. Rear; when the amount of straw in the field is large, the hollow auger 5-2 slides to the side of the spring 10 due to the increase in pushing resistance, compressing the spring 10, and at the same time pushing the rack 9 to move outward, and the rack 9 drives the flat bevel gear 11 rotates, the flat bevel gear 11 drives the driven bevel gear 12 to rotate, so that the straw baffle plate 13 rotates upward to open, and part of the straw is discharged from the straw unloading door 6-1, and then passes through the wheat rotary tillage seeder hooked to the connecting frame 17 18 Rotary tillage into the soil.

In short: during operation, the straw baffle plate 13 will automatically open or close according to changes in the amount of straw. The greater the amount of straw, the greater the load on the spring 10. Then the spring 10 compresses the drive rack 9, the flat bevel gear 11 and the The bevel gear 12 is driven, and the opening angle of the straw blocking plate 13 increases, thereby realizing that part of the straw is discharged from the straw throwing pipe 15 to form a covering, and part of the straw is discharged from the straw unloading door 6-1, and then is rotary tilled by the wheat rotary tillage seeder 18 formed into the soil.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and the equipment and structures not described in detail should be understood to be implemented in ordinary ways in the art; any person familiar with the art will not deviate from the scope of the invention. Within the scope of the technical solution of the invention, the above-disclosed methods and technical contents can be used to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the invention, or be modified into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, which does not affect the essential content of the invention. . Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The wheat seeder capable of realizing the automatic diversion regulation of the straw and the total amount of the straw comprises a frame (1) at the front end, a rotary cutter shaft driven by a gearbox (3) is arranged at the front end of the frame, a plurality of straw breaking cutters (4) are arranged on the cutter shaft, a transverse straw conveying auger (5) is arranged at the rear of the straw breaking cutters, a straw throwing impeller (14) is arranged at the material conveying end of the straw conveying auger (5), a straw throwing pipe (15) with an outlet extending to the rear is arranged above the straw throwing impeller (14),

the straw conveying auger (5) consists of an auger shaft (5-1) and a hollow auger (5-2), and the hollow auger (5-2) is arranged on the auger shaft (5-1) in a manner of circumferential fixing and axial sliding connection;

a rolling bearing (7) is arranged at one end, which is opposite to the grass throwing impeller (14), of the straw conveying auger (5), the inner circle of the rolling bearing (7) is connected with the hollow auger (5-2), and the outer circle of the rolling bearing is fixedly connected with a disc (8);

a rack (9) which is the same as the axial direction of the disc (8) is arranged at the edge of one side of the disc (8), the rack (9) penetrates out of the side plate of the frame (1), a plurality of springs (10) which are the same as the rack (9) in direction are arranged on the end face of the disc (8) which is positioned at the same side of the rack (9), and the other ends of the springs (10) are fixed with the inner side of the side plate of the frame (1);

a flat bevel gear (11) fixed on the outer side of a side plate of the rack (1) is arranged beside the rack (9), a flat gear part of the flat bevel gear (11) is meshed with the rack (9), a bevel gear part of the flat bevel gear (11) is meshed with a driven bevel gear (12) fixed on the outer side of the side plate of the rack (1), a rotating shaft of the driven bevel gear (12) is fixedly connected with one end of an arc-shaped straw blocking plate (13), and the other end of the straw blocking plate (13) is hinged with the side plate of the rack (1);

one side of the screw feeder shell (6) is provided with a straw discharging door (6-1) parallel to the screw feeder shell (6), the straw discharging door (6-1) faces to the rear of the advancing direction of the machine tool, and a straw blocking plate (13) is arranged at the outer side of the straw discharging door (6-1);

when the amount of straw in the straw conveying auger (5) is large, pushing resistance is increased, the hollow auger (5-2) slides to one side of the spring (10) to compress the spring (10), meanwhile, the rack (9) is pushed to move outwards, the rack (9) drives the flat bevel gear (11) to rotate, the flat bevel gear (11) drives the driven bevel gear (12) to rotate, and therefore the straw blocking plate (13) is rotated upwards to be opened, and part of straw is discharged from the straw discharging door (6-1).

2. The wheat seeder capable of realizing automatic straw splitting and controlling full amount according to claim 1, wherein a slide way (5-1-1) parallel to the axial direction is arranged on the auger shaft (5-1), a slide way (5-2-1) parallel to the axial direction is arranged on the hollow auger (5-2), and the auger shaft (5-1) and the hollow auger (5-2) are in circumferential fixing and axial sliding connection through the slide way (5-1-1) and the slide way (5-2-1).

3. The wheat seeder for full straw land capable of realizing automatic straw splitting regulation and control according to claim 1, wherein a wheat rotary tillage seeder (18) is further arranged at the rear end of the frame (1), and is fixed at the rear end of the frame (1) through a connecting frame (17).

4. The wheat seeder capable of realizing automatic straw splitting and controlling full-quantity straw according to claim 1, wherein the gearbox (3) is connected with a first belt wheel of the rotary cutter shaft through a belt, and a second belt wheel is further arranged on the rotary cutter shaft and connected with the auger shaft (5-1) through a belt.

5. The full-quantity straw ground wheat seeder capable of realizing automatic straw splitting regulation and control according to claim 1, wherein a ground roller (16) is arranged behind and below the frame (1).

6. The wheat seeder capable of realizing automatic straw splitting and controlling full-quantity straw according to claim 1, wherein a tripod (2) is arranged at the front upper part of the frame (1), and a pin hole fixed with traction equipment is arranged on the tripod (2).

7. The wheat seeder for full straw land capable of realizing automatic straw diversion regulation and control according to claim 1, wherein the arc length of the straw baffle plate (13) is larger than that of the straw unloading door (6-1).

8. The wheat seeder for full straw land capable of realizing automatic straw diversion regulation and control according to claim 1, wherein the rolling bearing (7) is a deep groove ball bearing.