CN108822918A - 一种高热安定型航空发动机合成润滑油 - Google Patents
一种高热安定型航空发动机合成润滑油 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108822918A CN108822918A CN201810753095.2A CN201810753095A CN108822918A CN 108822918 A CN108822918 A CN 108822918A CN 201810753095 A CN201810753095 A CN 201810753095A CN 108822918 A CN108822918 A CN 108822918A
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- ester
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- lubricant fluid
- synthetic lubricant
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- -1 pentaerythrite ester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPKCLSMBVQLWIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n-methylbenzene-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CNC1=CC=CC=C1N RPKCLSMBVQLWIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXWHDXHJLBWFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2h-benzotriazole;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC1=CC=CC2=C1N=NN2 QXWHDXHJLBWFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptyl prop-2-enoate Chemical group CC(C)CCCCCOC(=O)C=C DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- MDFFNEOEWAXZRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminyl Chemical compound [NH2] MDFFNEOEWAXZRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
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- CAMHHLOGFDZBBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N epoxidized methyl oleate Natural products CCCCCCCCC1OC1CCCCCCCC(=O)OC CAMHHLOGFDZBBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XXWXVINLCWROJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCO.CCO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XXWXVINLCWROJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005002 naphthylamines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002895 organic esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005691 oxidative coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- BZCGWAXQDLXLQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O.ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O BZCGWAXQDLXLQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/12—Reaction products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/048—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/041—Triaryl phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
- C10M2227/061—Esters derived from boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/08—Resistance to extreme temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明提出的是一种高热安定型航空发动机合成润滑油。在92%～95%的季戊四醇酯基础油中加入添加剂，所述添加剂包括高分子酯0.5%～1.0%；有机胺酯溶液2.0%～2.5%；磷酸三甲苯酯2.0%～2.5%；有机硼酸酯1.0%～1.5%；甲基苯三唑衍生物0.05%～0.2%；聚丙烯酸酯共聚物0.0008%～0.0015%。由于本发明的航空发动机润滑油由具有抗氧化性的季戊四醇酯为基础油，并且添加了抗氧化安定性能优异的高温抗氧剂，因此，其在高温时不易发生氧化，热安定性和氧化安定性高。同时，基础油内还添加了极压抗磨剂、腐蚀抑制剂和消泡剂，在氮气保护条件下通过调合釜加热分散混合均匀，然后经精密过滤制成的高热安定型航空发动机合成润滑油。适宜作为高热安定型航空发动机合成润滑油在生产中应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明提出的是机械润滑领域的化学物质，具体的说是一种高热安定型航空发动机合成润滑油。
背景技术
随着航空发动机向高温、高速、高推重比的发展，发动机对滑油系统的要求不断提高，迫切要求航空发动机润滑油具有更好的抗氧化安定性和耐高温性能。同时，目前我国三代发动机研制和使用过程中，润滑油中经常出现油泥过多和轴承腔结焦的现象，影响发动机正常工作，这也是润滑油耐高温性能不足的体现。因此，制备高热安定型航空发动机合成润滑油是目前急需解决的问题。
发明内容
为了能够制备出热安定性能优异的航空发动机合成润滑油，本发明提出了一种高热安定型航空发动机合成润滑油。该合成润滑油通过在耐高温基础油中添加高温抗氧剂、极压抗磨剂、腐蚀抑制剂以及消泡剂复配，解决航空发动机合成润滑油耐高温的技术问题。
本发明解决技术问题所采用的方案是：
在92%～95%的季戊四醇酯基础油中加入添加剂，所述添加剂包括高分子酯0.5%～1.0%；有机胺酯溶液2.0%～2.5%；磷酸三甲苯酯2.0%～2.5%；有机硼酸酯1.0%～1.5%；甲基苯三唑衍生物0.05%～0.2%；聚丙烯酸酯共聚物0.0008%～0.0015%。
生产过程：
首先启动氮气机，使产生的氮气充满整个调合釜；按配方比例使用电子秤准确称量季戊四醇酯基础油，经过基础油泵泵送至调合釜，开启搅拌器的同时将基础油加热至80±85℃；随后将各添加剂准确称量并用基础油在添加剂稀释槽内溶解，并按顺序由添加剂泵泵送至调合釜内；充分混合搅拌时间后，静置冷却至室温后，经过滤器过滤至成品槽，由取样口取样检测，检测合格后再通过精密过滤器过滤，并在氮气保护下进行灌装。
积极效果，由于本发明的航空发动机润滑油由具有抗氧化性的季戊四醇酯为基础油，并且添加了抗氧化安定性能优异的高温抗氧剂，因此，其在高温时不易发生氧化，热安定性和氧化安定性高。同时，基础油内还添加了极压抗磨剂、腐蚀抑制剂和消泡剂，在氮气保护条件下通过调合釜加热分散混合均匀，然后经精密过滤制成的高热安定型航空发动机合成润滑油。适宜作为高热安定型航空发动机合成润滑油在生产中应用。
附图说明
图1为本发明的生产流程图
图中，1.电子秤，2.基础油泵，3.添加剂稀释槽，4.添加剂泵，5.调合釜，6.搅拌器，7.氮气机，8.过滤器，9.成品罐，10.精密过滤器，11.取样口。
具体实施方式
在92%～95%的季戊四醇酯基础油中加入添加剂，所述添加剂包括高分子酯0.5%～1.0%；有机胺酯溶液2.0%～2.5%；磷酸三甲苯酯2.0%～2.5%；有机硼酸酯1.0%～1.5%；甲基苯三唑衍生物0.05%～0.2%；聚丙烯酸酯共聚物0.0008%～0.0015%。
生产过程：
根据图1所示，首先启动氮气机7，使产生的氮气充满整个调合釜5；按配方比例使用电子秤1准确称量季戊四醇酯基础油，经过基础油泵2泵送至调合釜5，开启搅拌器6的同时将基础油加热至80±85℃；随后将各添加剂准确称量并用基础油在添加剂稀释槽3内溶解，并按顺序由添加剂泵4泵送至调合釜5内；充分混合搅拌1时间后，静置冷却至室温后，经过滤器8过滤至成品槽9，由取样口11取样检测，检测合格后再通过精密过滤器10过滤，并在氮气保护下进行灌装。
技术原理与特点：
所述基础油为具有抗氧化性能的季戊四醇酯。
具有抗氧化性能的季戊四醇酯是由季戊四醇酯和抗氧化剂复合反应，使基础油本身具有抗氧化性能，提高其使用温度。其合成工艺是先将2,6-二叔丁基-4-丙羧基苯酚与季戊四醇进行酯化得到具有抗氧性能的多羟基化合物，该化合物再与饱和脂肪酸进一步酯化得到具有抗氧化性能的季戊四醇酯。滑油的氧化属于自动氧化过程的链式反应，通过游离的自由基来实现链的引发与生长。抗氧化性季戊四醇酯能够快速捕获基础油在氧化裂解中所产生的过氧化自由基，终止链的增长将氢过氧化物分解为稳定的化合物中断链反应。
所采用的高分子酯是N,N′-双取代-2,4-二氨基二苯酯，其合成工艺是先将苯合成苯胺，接着在高温条件转化成二苯胺，再在稀土催化剂和高温的条件下使二苯胺与四聚丙烯反应生成N,N′-双取代-2,4-二氨基二苯酯。
N,N′-双取代-2,4-二氨基二苯酯作为抗氧剂的作用机理为分子结构中含有-NH键，氮原子具有孤对电子，易形成较大的p-π共轭键，使得氮原子上连接的氢原子更加活泼，易与润滑油中的高化学活性的自由基发生反应，生成大量氨基自由基，而使自由基氧化反应得以终止。而氨基自由基经过一些列与烷基和烷氧自由基反应及热分子重排生成烷基二苯胺，烷基二苯胺也是较好的高温抗氧剂。同时，其分子量在600~700，远比普通二苯胺的分子量大，且其热失重温度在320℃左右，分解温度高，在高温时仍然能够发挥较好的抗氧化效果。
所采用的有机胺酯溶液是将烷基化二苯胺（DODPA）和N-苯基-α-萘胺（PAN）通过有机过氧化物的催化在合成酯溶液中聚合反应制得的。
二烷基二苯胺、烷基N-苯基-α-萘胺是两类常用的高温抗氧剂。将这二类芳胺化合物进行氧化偶合反应，可以得到高温抗氧化性能更为突出的抗氧剂，其性能远优于其母体化合物及其混合物。具体工艺如下：将一定比例的烷基N-苯基-α-萘胺、烷基化二苯胺反应原料加入到溶剂油多元醇酯中，在反应温度为130～180℃的条件下，反应原料经引发剂的引发作用发生化学反应，反应5～10h后得到合成产物，经过一系列工艺后处理精制后得到低聚物有机胺酯溶液抗氧剂。
有机胺酯溶液与常规胺类抗氧剂相比，由于其同时具有苯胺和萘胺基团，能够最大限度发挥抗氧协同作用。而且其分子量大在高温条件下稳定，因此能够显著提高基础油的抗氧化性能，尤其是减少高温油泥和高温沉积物的生成。又因其是酯溶液，在合成酯中的溶解性及感受性好，特别适合在合成酯类航空润滑油中使用。
所采用的磷酸三甲苯酯是磷酰氯和苯酚在催化条件下反应制得的，且要求邻位异构体的含量不超过1%。
磷酸三甲苯酯抗磨作用的机理是添加剂分子首先吸附在金属表面，然后在高温与高负荷条件下，活性元素P与金属发生化学反应，形成一可用来消耗或牺牲并具有低剪切强度的保护层，从而减小摩擦副表面的摩擦和磨损。
对于航空润滑油来说，由于其使用环境的苛刻，对极压抗磨剂的一般要求为腐蚀性小、无灰和溶解性好。用于航空润滑油的极压抗磨剂主要为含硫、磷、氮的有机酯，具有代表性的主要有磷酸三甲苯酯(TCP)、硫代磷酸三苯酯(TPPT)和α-巯基苯并噻唑(MBT)。由于航空涡轮润滑油的工作温度一般都在200℃左右，而磷型极压抗磨剂的适用温度范围为150～250℃，因此具有较好的减摩抗磨作用，并得到了广泛应用。最具有代表性的类型是三烃基磷酸酯，其中应用最广的为磷酸三甲酚酯(TCP)。
所采用的有机硼酸酯是硬脂酸二乙醇酰胺硼酸酯，先以硬脂酸二乙醇胺为原料合成硬脂酸二乙醇酰胺，再以制备出的硬脂酸二乙醇酰胺中间体以及硼酸、正丁醇为原料合成了硬脂酸二乙醇酰胺硼酸酯。
硬脂酸二乙醇酰胺是通过酯交换法是合成的，该方法是烷醇酰胺的常用方法，具体操作是先用硬脂酸与甲醇（乙醇）进行酯化反应，然后将制得的硬脂酸甲酯（乙酯）与二乙醇胺进行缩合制备硬脂酸二乙醇酰胺。酯交换法的最大优点就是产品纯度很高,而且由于反应是吸热、脱甲醇的反应，故反应温度相对较低。
硬脂酸二乙醇酰胺硼酸酯由于其接有酰胺基团，氮原子上的孤对电子可与硼原子空轨道配位形成N-B配位键，从而提高了硼酸酯的水解稳定性。同时，由于硬脂酸二乙醇酰胺硼酸酯分子中含有原子半径小、电负性大的氧原子和氮原子，使被吸附分子间产生氢键，缩小了分子间距，使得单位面积上吸附的分子数增加，从而增强了油膜强度、极大改善了减摩抗磨性能。
所采用的甲基苯三唑衍生物是以甲基邻苯二胺和过量的亚硝酸钠为主要原料，在一定的温度和压力下反应合成甲基苯并三氮唑钠盐，再经硫酸酸化，精馏提纯制成甲基苯并三氮唑。甲基苯并三氮唑再进行烷基和硝基取代，制成甲基苯三唑衍生物。
由于甲基苯三唑衍生物分子中含有苯环和4个N原子，有π键和孤对电子，容易吸附在各种金属及其合金表面。金属原子用SP轨道置换甲基苯三唑衍生物分子中氢原子形成共价键，同时与氮原子的一对未结合电子配位结合，形成金属络合物。金属络合物能够在金属表面形成线性多层保护膜，膜层牢固，很难溶解，不易分开，达到金属表面和腐蚀介质相隔离的效果，而起到金属钝化作用。
所采用的聚丙烯酸酯共聚物是以丙烯酸异辛酯、乙酸乙烯酯为单体，过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂，通入氮气保护，在一定温度下反应合成的。
硅油是润滑油的主要抗泡剂，但存在油溶性差、难分散和在抗泡稳定性差的缺点，尤其随着贮存时间的延长，添加硅油抗泡剂和氟改性聚硅氧烷的油品均出现发泡倾向性增加的趋势。这是由于硅油抗泡剂和氟改性聚硅氧烷在润滑油中的分散粒径较大，抗泡剂在油品中加速沉降，分散稳定性差导致的。而聚丙烯酸酯类非硅抗泡剂具有易分散，对润滑油空气释放性影响比硅油小和在酸性介质中是高效的等优点，因此适合在对油品性能要求较高的场合使用。
Claims (2)
1.一种高热安定型航空发动机合成润滑油，其特征是：在92%～95%的季戊四醇酯基础油中加入添加剂，所述添加剂包括高分子酯0.5%～1.0%；有机胺酯溶液2.0%～2.5%；磷酸三甲苯酯2.0%～2.5%；有机硼酸酯1.0%～1.5%；甲基苯三唑衍生物0.05%～0.2%；聚丙烯酸酯共聚物0.0008%～0.0015%；
首先启动氮气机（7），使产生的氮气充满整个调合釜（5）；按配方比例使用电子秤（1）准确称量季戊四醇酯基础油，经过基础油泵（2）泵送至调合釜，开启搅拌器（6）的同时将基础油加热至80±85℃；随后将各添加剂准确称量并用基础油在添加剂稀释槽（3）内溶解，并按顺序由添加剂泵（4）泵送至调合釜内；充分混合搅拌1时间后，静置冷却至室温，经过滤器（8）过滤至成品槽（9），由取样口（11）取样检测，检测合格后再通过精密过滤器（10）过滤，并在氮气保护下进行灌装。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高热安定型航空发动机合成润滑油，其特征是：所述基础油为具有抗氧化性能的季戊四醇酯。
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