CN108819263B - Multi-joint pipe hot melting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-joint pipe hot-melting machine, comprising a platform, and a first clamping device, a second clamping device and a hot-melting device located on the platform, and the hot-melting device is located on the first clamping device and the second clamping device. The hot-melt device is fixed on a platform, and slide rails are provided on both sides of the hot-melt device on the platform, and the first clamping device and the second clamping device are arranged on the slide rails through the sliding table. The first clamping device and the second clamping device each include a bracket, a first clamping piece, a second clamping piece, and a fixing piece located between the first clamping piece and the second clamping piece. The hot-melt device includes a bracket and a hot-melt sheet, the hot-melt sheet is circular, and is provided with a mounting hole and a hot-melt head. The invention can realize the automatic connection of pipes, and can be applied to the simultaneous connection of pipes of different diameters. The invention can also realize the connection of pipes through pipe joints, and has a wide application range.

Description

A multi-joint pipe hot-melting machine

technical field

The invention relates to the field of hot-melting machines, in particular to a multi-joint pipe hot-melting machine.

Background technique

Plastic pipes are widely used in industry, agriculture and construction fields because of their unique characteristics of light weight and high strength, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, easy connection or cutting, and long service life. Pipes usually need the connection of pipes and pipes during installation and use, and the commonly used connection method is hot melt connection. The hot-melt connection method is divided into hot-melt butt connection and hot-melt socket connection. The so-called hot-melt butt connection is mainly suitable for large-diameter PE water supply pipeline systems, and hot-melt socket connection is mainly used for small-diameter plastic pipes. In the prior art, hot-melt butt welding mainly uses a hot-melt butt welding machine to heat the pipe ends. After the pipe ends are melted, they are quickly attached, and a certain pressure is maintained, and the purpose of welding is achieved by cooling. When butt-joining the hot-melt, place the two pipes that need to be installed and connected on the hot-melt fixture at the same time, align the pipe ends to ensure that the contact surface of the measuring pipe can be fully matched, heat the electric heating plate, and place it between the two pipes. Operate the electro-hydraulic The device makes the two pipe ends completely contact with the electric heating plate at the same time to heat, remove the heating plate, and operate the hydraulic device again to make the ends of the two pipes that have been melted fully butt, keep it for a certain cooling time, and release the pipes, and the pipes are docked. During operation, the hot-melt socket connection needs to be cut with a cutter or scissors according to the installation needs, mark the number at the insertion depth of the pipe, heat the hot melter, and melt the pipe fittings that need to be socketed, and then the socket is in place and cooled. , the pipe socket is completed. In addition, when connecting PPR pipes, it is also necessary to use pipe joints of the same material. When connecting, use a hot melter to heat and melt the ends of the pipes to be connected, and then insert them into the pipe joints and cool them. This connection method is suitable for airtightness. Compare tall pipe connections to ensure no leaks occur at pipe joints. The inconvenient operation characteristic of the above steps is that a hot-melting machine is required, and the hot-melting machine only heats the end of the pipe, and manual operation is still required when connecting, so it is difficult to ensure the quality of the connection and affect the efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hot-melting machine that can automatically realize butt and socket, reduce manual operation and improve the quality of the connection.

The specific technical solutions to achieve the above purpose are as follows:

A multi-joint pipe hot-melting machine, comprising a platform, and a first clamping device, a second clamping device and a hot-melting device located thereon, and the hot-melting device is located between the first clamping device and the second clamping device. the hot-melt device is fixed on the platform, the platform is provided with slide rails on both sides of the hot-melt device, and the first clamping device and the second clamping device are arranged on the slide rails through the sliding table; Both the clamping device and the second clamping device include a bracket, a first clamping piece, a second clamping piece and a fixing piece between the first clamping piece and the second clamping piece; the fixing piece is circular , which is provided with a mounting hole and a pipe hole, the mounting hole is circular, the center of the mounting hole coincides with the center of the fixed piece, the pipe hole is circular, and the pipe hole is formed on the fixed piece. Ring-shaped arrangement, the center of the first through hole is on the circle with the fixed piece as the center; both sides of the first through hole are provided with a pipe head with a circular cross-section; the first clamping piece, the second clamping piece And the center of the fixed piece is on the same straight line; the first clamping piece is circular, with a mounting hole in the middle, and the edge of the first clamping piece is annularly arranged with an arc-shaped groove; the second clamp The tightening piece is circular, with a mounting hole in the middle, and the second clamping piece is annularly arranged with two pipe-penetrating holes; the centers of the first and second pipe-penetrating holes are on the same straight line, and the diameters of the two are the same; The first clamping piece, the second clamping piece, and the fixing piece are connected by a bearing, and the bearing passes through the three mounting holes; the bracket is provided with two legs, which are respectively connected with the first clamping piece and the fixing piece. The second clamping piece is connected; the outriggers include a cross bar and vertical bars located on both sides of the cross bar, wherein the cross bar is provided with a circular hole, passing through the bearings on the first and second clamping pieces at the same time with the The round hole is fixed; the hot-melt device includes a bracket and a hot-melt sheet, the hot-melt sheet is circular, and is provided with a mounting hole and a hot-melt head, the mounting hole is arranged in the middle of the hot-melt sheet, and the hot-melt head is arranged on the On both sides of the hot-melt sheet, the hot-melt head is in the shape of a circular tube, and the center of the hot-melt head is on a straight line with the center of the hole through the tube on the first clamping device and the second clamping device; the bracket is connected with the mounting hole through a bearing .

Further, the arc-shaped groove on the first clamping piece is provided with an arc-shaped supporting plate that matches the arc-shaped supporting plate; the arc-shaped pressing plate is provided above the pipe-penetrating hole 2 on the second clamping piece.

Further, there are 4 or 6 of the first and second through-holes, and the diameter of the first annularly arranged through-holes on the first clamping piece is the same or different, which matches the specifications of the pipes. The diameter of the second through-pipe hole arranged annularly on the two clamping pieces is the same as the diameter of the first through-pipe hole whose circle center is on the same straight line.

Further, the hot-melt sheet is provided with a hot-melt head and a third through-pipe hole at intervals; and two sides of the third through-pipe hole are provided with clamping pieces.

Further, the clamping piece includes a connecting plate 1 and a connecting plate 2 and a spring arranged therebetween, and the connecting plate 2 is a circular arc plate connected with the through-pipe hole 3.

Further, the bearing is provided with a limit block 1 on the upper and lower sides near its two ends; the circular hole on the support leg is provided with a limit block 2 on the upper and lower sides of the side close to the bearing. The first block and the second limit block sandwich the first clamping piece and the second clamping piece.

Further, the sliding table includes a mounting plate and four pulleys arranged under the mounting plate, and the bracket is fixed on the mounting plate by bolts.

Further, limit plates are arranged at both ends of the platform, and a rubber layer is arranged on the side of the limit plate close to the hot-melting device.

The beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention can realize the automatic connection of pipes, and can be applied to the simultaneous connection of pipes of different diameters. The invention can also realize the connection of pipes through pipe joints, and has wide application range.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of the first clamping device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the plan view of the fixed piece of the present invention and the first clamping piece;

Fig. 4 is the plan view of the fixing piece of the present invention and the second clamping piece;

5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stent of the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a hot-melt device of the present invention;

7 is a schematic structural diagram of a hot-melt sheet of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping piece.

In the figure: 1, platform; 2, first clamping device; 3, second clamping device; 4, hot-melting device; 5, sliding table; 6, bracket; 7, first clamping piece; 8, second Clamping piece; 9. Fixing piece; 10. Mounting hole; 11. Pipe hole 1; 12. Pipe head; 13. Arc-shaped groove; 14. Pipe hole 2; 15. Bearing; 16. Outrigger; 17, cross bar; 18, vertical bar; 19, round hole; 20, hot melt sheet; 21, hot melt head; 22, arc-shaped support plate; 23, arc-shaped pressure plate; 24, limit block one; 25 2. Limit block two; 26. Limit plate; 27. Rubber layer; 28. Pipe hole three; 29. Clamping piece; 30. Connecting plate one;

Detailed ways

In order to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1, a multi-joint pipe hot-melting machine includes a platform 1, and a first clamping device 2, a second clamping device 3 and a hot-melting device 4 located thereon, and the hot-melting device 4 is located on the first clamping device 2. Between a clamping device 2 and a second clamping device 3; the hot-melting device 4 is fixed on the platform 1, and the platform 1 is provided with slide rails on both sides of the hot-melting device 4, the first clamping device 2 and the The second clamping device 3 is arranged on the slide rail via the slide table 5 . As shown in FIG. 2 , the first clamping device 2 and the second clamping device 3 each include a bracket 6 , a first clamping piece 7 , a second clamping piece 8 , and the first clamping piece 7 and the second clamping piece 8 . Clamp the fixed piece 9 between the pieces 8. As shown in FIG. 3 , the fixing plate 9 is circular, and is provided with a mounting hole 10 and a pipe hole 11 , the mounting hole 10 is circular, and the center of the mounting hole 10 coincides with the center of the fixing plate 9 , the pipe hole one 11 is circular, the pipe hole one 11 is arranged in a ring shape on the fixing sheet 9 , and the center of the pipe hole one 11 is on the circle with the fixing sheet 9 as the center. Pipe heads 12 with circular cross-sections are provided on both sides of the pipe through hole 11; the centers of the first clamping piece 7, the second clamping piece 8 and the fixing piece 9 are on the same straight line. As shown in FIG. 3 , the first clamping piece 7 is circular, with a mounting hole 10 in the middle, and an arc-shaped groove 13 is annularly arranged on the edge of the first clamping piece 7; as shown in FIG. 4 , the second clamping piece 8 is circular, with a mounting hole 10 in the middle, and the edge of the second clamping piece 8 is annularly arranged with two pipe holes 14; pipe hole one 11 and pipe hole two 14 The centers of the circles lie on the same straight line, and the two have the same diameter. The first clamping piece 7, the second clamping piece 8, and the fixing piece 9 are connected by a bearing 15, and the bearing 15 passes through the three mounting holes 10; the bracket 6 is provided with two legs 16, Connected to the first clamping piece 7 and the second clamping piece 8 respectively; as shown in FIG. 5 , the legs 16 include a cross bar 17 and vertical bars 18 located on both sides of the cross bar 17, wherein the cross bar 17 is provided with There is a circular hole 19, which passes through the bearing 15 on the first clamping piece 7 and the second clamping piece 8 and is fixed with the circular hole 19 at the same time; as shown in FIG. 6, the hot-melt device 4 includes a bracket 6 and a hot-melt sheet 20. The hot-melt sheet 20 is circular, and is provided with a mounting hole 10 and a hot-melt head 21. The mounting hole 10 is arranged in the middle of the hot-melt sheet 20, and the hot-melt head 21 is arranged on both sides of the hot-melt sheet 20. The melting head 21 is in the shape of a circular tube, and the center of the hot melting head 21 is on a straight line with the center of the hole through the pipe on the first clamping device 2 and the second clamping device 3; the bracket 6 is connected with the mounting hole 10 through the bearing 15 .

The arc-shaped groove 13 on the first clamping piece 7 is provided with a matching arc-shaped support plate 22 . A circular arc-shaped pressing plate 23 is provided above the second through-pipe hole 14 on the second clamping piece 8 .

There are six of the pipe-penetrating holes one 11 and the pipe-penetrating hole two 14. The diameters of the pipe-penetrating holes one 11 arranged annularly on the first clamping piece 7 are different and match the specifications of the pipes. The diameter of the annularly arranged through-pipe hole 2 14 on the sheet 8 is the same as the diameter of the pipe-through hole 1 11 whose center is on the same line, that is, the through-pipe hole 1 11 on the first clamping sheet 7 and the second clamping sheet 8 have the same diameter. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the two piercing holes 14 above.

The bearing 15 is provided with a limit block 1 24 on the upper and lower sides near its two ends; the circular hole 19 on the support leg 16 is provided with a limit block 25 on the upper and lower sides of the side close to the bearing 15 . Both sides of the first clamping piece 7 are respectively provided with a limit block 1 24 and a limit block 2 25, and both sides of the second clamping piece 8 are respectively provided with a limit block 1 24 and a limit block 2 25.

The sliding table 5 includes a mounting plate and four pulleys arranged under the mounting plate, and the bracket 6 is fixed on the mounting plate by bolts.

Limiting plates 26 are provided at both ends of the platform 1 , and a rubber layer 27 is provided on the side of the limiting plate 26 close to the hot-melting device 4 .

The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: the first clamping device 2 and the second clamping device are used to clamp the two materials to be piped by 3 dB. Fill the pipe material to be filled through the pipe hole - 11 types and pass it out, and reserve the pipe fusion joint. The first clamping device 2 and the second clamping device 3 on both sides of the fixing piece 9 use the arc-shaped supporting plate 22 and the arc-shaped pressing plate 23 to limit and fix the pipe material to prevent the pipe material from sliding down. The first clamping device 2 and the second clamping device 3 move to the hot-melting device 4 under the driving of the sliding table 5, and are aligned with the hot-melting device 4, and the pre-reserved pipe fusion joint enters the hot-melting head 21 for heating . After the heating is completed, the first clamping device 2 and the second clamping device 3 continue to move toward the hot-melting device 4 to connect the pipe joints together. In this embodiment, since the diameters of the perforated pipes 1 of the first clamping device 2 and the second clamping device 3 and the hot-melting head 21 on the hot-melting device 4 are different, this embodiment can be applied to pipe connections of different diameters.

Embodiment 2

As shown in FIG. 1, a multi-joint pipe hot-melting machine includes a platform 1, and a first clamping device 2, a second clamping device 3 and a hot-melting device 4 located thereon, and the hot-melting device 4 is located on the first clamping device 2. Between a clamping device 2 and a second clamping device 3; the hot-melting device 4 is fixed on the platform 1, and the platform 1 is provided with slide rails on both sides of the hot-melting device 4, the first clamping device 2 and the The second clamping device 3 is arranged on the slide rail through the sliding table 5; as shown in FIG. 2, the first clamping device 2 and the second clamping device 3 both include a bracket 6, a first clamping piece 7, a Two clamping pieces 8 and a fixing piece 9 located between the first clamping piece 7 and the second clamping piece 8; as shown in FIG. 3, the fixing piece 9 is circular, and is provided with mounting holes 10 and 8 Pipe-through hole one 11, the installation hole 10 is circular, the center of the installation hole 10 coincides with the center of the fixed sheet 9, the pipe-through hole is circular, and the pipe-through holes are arranged in a ring on the fixed sheet 9, The center of the piercing hole is on the circle with the fixed piece 9 as the center; both sides of the piercing hole are provided with a pipe head 12 with a circular cross-section; the first clamping piece 7, the second clamping piece 8 and the fixed The centers of the pieces 9 are on the same straight line; the first clamping piece 7 is circular, with a mounting hole 10 in the middle, and the edge of the first clamping piece 7 is annularly arranged with an arc-shaped groove 13; As shown in 4, the second clamping piece 8 is circular, with a mounting hole 10 in the middle, and the edge of the second clamping piece 8 is annularly arranged with a second pipe hole 14; a pipe hole 11 and a pipe hole The center of the hole 2 14 is on the same straight line, and the two have the same diameter; the first clamping piece 7, the second clamping piece 8, and the fixing piece 9 are connected by a bearing 15, and the bearing 15 passes through the installation of the three Hole 10; the bracket 6 is provided with two legs 16, which are respectively connected with the first clamping piece 7 and the second clamping piece 8; The rod 18, wherein the cross rod 17 is provided with a circular hole 19, passing through the bearing 15 on the first clamping piece 7 and the second clamping piece 8 and being fixed with the circular hole 19 at the same time; the hot-melting device 4 includes a bracket 6 and a A hot-melt sheet 20, the hot-melt sheet 20 is circular, and is provided with a mounting hole 10 and a hot-melt head 21, and the mounting hole 10 is arranged in the middle of the hot-melt sheet 20. As shown in FIG. 7, the hot-melt sheet 20 is provided with a hot-melt head 21 and a third through-pipe hole 28 at intervals; the two sides of the third through-pipe hole 28 are provided with clamping pieces 29 . The center of the hot-melt head 21 is on a straight line with the centers of the pipe-passing holes on the first clamping device 2 and the second clamping device 3 ; the bracket 6 is connected to the mounting hole 10 through the bearing 15 .

The circular arc-shaped groove 13 on the first clamping piece 7 is provided with a matching circular arc-shaped supporting plate 22; the top of the second clamping piece 8 is provided with a circular arc-shaped support plate 22; Arc pressure plate 23.

There are 4 or 6 of the pipe-penetrating holes one 11 and the pipe-penetrating hole two 14. The diameter of the pipe-penetrating holes one 11 arranged annularly on the first clamping piece 7 is the same, which matches the specification of the pipe material. The diameter of the second through-pipe hole 14 arranged annularly on the two clamping pieces 8 is the same as that of the first through-pipe hole 11 whose circle centers are on the same straight line.

As shown in FIG. 8 , the clamping member 29 includes a first connecting plate 30 and a second connecting plate 31 and a spring arranged therebetween, and the second connecting plate 31 is a circular arc plate connected to the third through hole 28 .

The bearing 15 is provided with a limit block 1 24 on the upper and lower sides near its two ends; the circular hole 19 on the support leg 16 is provided with a limit block 25 on the upper and lower sides of the side close to the bearing 15 . The first limiting block 24 and the second limiting block 25 sandwich the first clamping piece 7 and the second clamping piece 8 in the middle.

The sliding table 5 includes a mounting plate and four pulleys arranged under the mounting plate, and the bracket 6 is fixed on the mounting plate by bolts.

Limiting plates 26 are provided at both ends of the platform 1 , and a rubber layer 27 is provided on the side of the limiting plate 26 close to the hot-melting device 4 .

This embodiment is mainly suitable for pipes that need to be connected by pipe joints. The working principle is as follows: this embodiment is modified on the basis of the first embodiment. 11. The diameters of the hot-melt heads 21 on the hot-melt device 4 are equal, so this embodiment can only be applied to the connection of pipes with one diameter. However, the hot-melt sheet 20 of this embodiment is provided with a hot-melt head 21 and a third pipe hole 28, wherein the pipe hole 3 28 is mainly used for fixing the pipe connecting head, and the hot melt head 21 is mainly used for heating the pipe end. When in use, the first clamping device 2 and the second clamping device 3 drive the pipe to move to the hot-melting device 4. The hot-melting device 4 first heats the pipe, and then the first clamping device 2 and the second clamping device 3 retreat. , the hot-melt sheet 20 on the hot-melt device 4 rotates so that the pipe-penetrating hole 3 28 on the hot-melt device 4 is aligned with the pipe to be taken over. Finally, the first clamping device 2 and the second clamping device 3 move to the hot-melting device 4, insert the pipe end into the pipe connector, and weld and fix the three.

In addition to the above-described embodiments, the present invention may also have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The multi-joint pipe hot melting machine is characterized by comprising a platform (1), a first clamping device (2), a second clamping device (3) and a hot melting device (4), wherein the first clamping device (2), the second clamping device (3) and the hot melting device (4) are arranged on the platform, and the hot melting device (4) is arranged between the first clamping device (2) and the second clamping device (3); the hot melting device (4) is fixed on the platform (1), sliding rails are arranged on the two sides of the hot melting device (4) on the platform (1), and the first clamping device (2) and the second clamping device (3) are arranged on the sliding rails through the sliding table (5); the first clamping device (2) and the second clamping device (3) respectively comprise a bracket (6), a first clamping piece (7), a second clamping piece (8) and a fixing piece (9) positioned between the first clamping piece (7) and the second clamping piece (8); the fixing piece (9) is circular, a first mounting hole and a first pipe penetrating hole (11) are formed in the fixing piece (9), the first mounting hole is circular, the circle center of the first mounting hole is overlapped with the circle center of the fixing piece (9), the first pipe penetrating hole (11) is circular, the first pipe penetrating hole (11) is annularly arranged on the fixing piece (9), and the circle center of the first pipe penetrating hole (11) is on a circle with the fixing piece (9) as the circle center; both sides of the first through hole (11) are provided with pipe heads (12) with circular sections; the centers of the first clamping piece (7), the second clamping piece (8) and the fixing piece (9) are on the same straight line; the first clamping piece (7) is circular, a second mounting hole is formed in the middle of the first clamping piece, and an arc-shaped groove (13) is annularly formed in the edge of the first clamping piece (7); the second clamping piece (8) is circular, a third mounting hole is formed in the middle of the second clamping piece, and a second perforated hole (14) is annularly formed in the edge of the second clamping piece (8); the circle centers of the first pipe penetrating hole (11) and the second pipe penetrating hole (14) are on the same straight line, and the diameters of the first pipe penetrating hole and the second pipe penetrating hole are the same; the first clamping piece (7), the second clamping piece (8) and the fixing piece (9) are connected through a bearing (15), and the bearing (15) penetrates through a first mounting hole, a second mounting hole and a third mounting hole of the first clamping piece, the second clamping piece and the fixing piece; the support (6) is provided with two support legs (16) which are respectively connected with the first clamping piece (7) and the second clamping piece (8); the supporting legs (16) comprise cross rods (17) and vertical rods (18) positioned on two sides of the cross rods (17), wherein round holes (19) are formed in the cross rods (17), and the supporting legs penetrate through bearings (15) on the first clamping piece (7) and the second clamping piece (8) and are fixed with the round holes (19); the hot melting device (4) comprises a support (6) and a hot melting sheet (20), the hot melting sheet (20) is circular, a fourth mounting hole and a hot melting head (21) are formed in the hot melting sheet (20), the fourth mounting hole is formed in the middle of the hot melting sheet (20), the hot melting heads (21) are arranged on two sides of the hot melting sheet (20), the hot melting heads (21) are in a circular tube shape, and the circle center of the hot melting heads (21) and the circle centers of the through tube holes in the first clamping device (2) and the second clamping device (3) are on the same straight line; and the bracket (6) is connected with the fourth mounting hole through a bearing (15).

2. The multi-joint pipe hot melting machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circular arc-shaped groove (13) on the first clamping piece (7) is provided with a circular arc-shaped supporting plate (22) matched with the circular arc-shaped groove; and a circular arc-shaped pressing plate (23) is arranged above the second through hole (14) on the second clamping sheet (8).

3. The multi-joint pipe hot melting machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first through hole (11) and the second through hole (14) are respectively provided with 4 or 6, the diameters of the first through holes (11) which are annularly arranged on the first clamping piece (7) are the same or different and are matched with the specification of the pipe, and the diameters of the second through holes (14) which are annularly arranged on the second clamping piece (8) are the same as the diameters of the first through holes (11) with the centers of circles in the same straight line.

4. The multi-joint pipe hot melting machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hot melting sheet (20) is provided with a hot melting head (21) and a three pipe through hole (28) at intervals; clamping pieces (29) are arranged on two sides of the three perforated holes (28).

5. A multi-joint pipe hot melting machine as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the clamping member (29) comprises a first connecting plate (30), a second connecting plate (31) and a spring arranged between the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, and the second connecting plate (31) is a circular arc plate connected with the third through hole (28).

6. The multi-joint pipe hot melting machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bearing (15) is provided with a first limiting block (24) at the upper side and the lower side close to the two ends of the bearing; and the upper side and the lower side of one side of the round hole (19) on the supporting leg (16) close to the bearing (15) are provided with second limiting blocks (25), and the first clamping piece (7) and the second clamping piece (8) are clamped between the first limiting block (24) and the second limiting block (25).

7. A multi-joint pipe hot-melting machine as defined in claim 1, wherein said slide table (5) comprises a mounting plate and four pulleys arranged below the mounting plate, and the bracket (6) is fixed to the mounting plate by means of bolts.

8. A multi-joint pipe hot-melting machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the platform (1) is provided with limiting plates (26) at both ends, and a rubber layer (27) is arranged on one side of the limiting plates (26) close to the hot-melting device (4).

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