CN108818115A - Automatic feeding - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and specifically discloses an automatic feeding device, including a frame, a transmission unit, a storage unit and a processing unit. The processing unit includes a workbench and a stamping mechanism; the storage unit includes a cutting mechanism and a storage cylinder; the transmission unit It includes a connecting pipe and a rotating column. A torsion spring is connected between the rotating column and the frame; the connecting pipe is filled with hydraulic oil, and one side of the connecting pipe is slidably connected to the first plunger, and the other side is slidably connected to the second column. Plug, the first plunger and the second plunger are respectively located on both sides adjacent to the stamping mechanism, and the storage unit is located between the first plunger and the stamping mechanism; a piston is slidably connected in the communication pipe, and one end of the piston is fixed through the communication pipe. The push rod of the pipe has a spiral groove on the rotating column, and a connecting rod is arranged on the pushing rod; a pull wire is connected between the rotating column and the stamping mechanism. By adopting the device of the invention, automatic material feeding can be realized, and the labor intensity of workers can be effectively reduced.

Description

Automatic feeding device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular relates to an automatic feeding device.

Background technique

Upsetting is a forging process that reduces the height of the billet and increases the cross-section. The upsetting process usually includes the following steps: cutting the long billet into a fixed-length segment, then heating the segmental billet, and finally using the punch Stamping is performed on a segmented blank to reduce the height of the blank. When carrying out large-scale upsetting processing on the upsetting machine tool, 23-27 pieces can be processed per minute, and the working stroke of the punch can be adjusted at one time according to the height of the upsetting.

At present, the feeding of upsetting process usually adopts the manual feeding method. When the worker operates, the blank should be pushed into the range of the punch by hand, and the operating frequency must be the same as the frequency of the machine tool's indenter going up and down. Due to the large batch of upsetting parts and long operation time, the labor intensity is high for the operator, and there is a great potential safety hazard.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an automatic feeding device to solve the problems of high labor intensity and potential safety hazards in manual feeding.

In order to achieve the above object, the basic solution of the present invention is: an automatic feeding device, including a frame, a transmission unit, a storage unit and a processing unit, and the processing unit includes a workbench and a stamping mechanism for upsetting the blank; the storage unit is located at Above the workbench, the storage unit includes a cutting mechanism for cutting the blank into a fixed height and a storage cylinder fixed on the frame. The distance between the storage cylinder and the workbench is 1-1.5 times the length of the blank to be upset The transmission unit includes a connecting pipe and a rotating column that is rotatably connected to the frame, and a torsion spring is connected between the rotating column and the frame; hydraulic oil is installed in the connecting pipe, and a first plunger is slidably connected to one side of the connecting pipe. A limiting groove is provided in the connecting pipe, and a protrusion that is slidably connected in the limiting groove is provided on the first plunger; a second plunger is slidably connected in the other side of the connecting pipe, and the first plunger and the second plunger are respectively Located on both sides adjacent to the stamping mechanism, the storage unit is located between the first plunger and the stamping mechanism, the first plunger is used to push the blank on the storage unit to the bottom of the stamping mechanism; a piston is slidably connected in the communication pipe, A push rod with one end passing through the connecting pipe is fixed on the piston, a spiral groove is opened on the rotating column, and a connecting rod with one end engaged in the groove is provided on the rotating column; The end is fixed on the stamping mechanism.

The working principle of this basic scheme is: place the blank with the required length after cutting in the storage cylinder, make the stamping mechanism go down, the wire on the coil gradually becomes loose during the down process of the stamping mechanism, and the rotating column rotates under the action of the torsion spring , the rotating column drives the piston to slide towards the first plunger side through the push rod, and the hydraulic oil in the communication pipe drives the first plunger to extend outward, and the first plunger pushes the cut blank under the storage cylinder to the stamping mechanism, When the first plunger moves to the limit position, the blank is pushed to the bottom of the punching mechanism, and the punching mechanism continues to go down to upset the blank. After the upsetting process is completed, the stamping mechanism is moved upward, the stamping mechanism drives the rotating column to rotate in the opposite direction through the coil, the rotating column drives the piston to slide to the second plunger side through the push rod, and the piston drives the hydraulic oil to the second plunger side flow, the hydraulic pressure pushes the second plunger to extend outward, and the second plunger can push the upsetting workpiece away from the stamping mechanism.

The beneficial effects of this basic plan are:

1. Using the device applied for in the present invention can realize the automatic feeding of upsetting processing. After the upsetting processing is completed, the workpiece can be automatically pushed away. The feeding and unloading do not require workers to participate, reducing the labor intensity of workers and reducing labor costs. .

2. The working power of the first plunger and the second plunger comes from the stamping mechanism. In the application of the present invention, no additional power device is required to drive the movement of the first plunger and the second plunger, which effectively saves the production cost of the device.

3. Through reasonable setting, the movements among the first plunger, the second plunger and the stamping mechanism cooperate with each other without interfering with each other, and the whole processing process is efficient and smooth.

Further, the cutting mechanism includes a sliding sleeve, an ejection structure, a first wedge slidably connected in the sliding sleeve, and a cutting knife fixed on the first wedge and located on one side of the storage cylinder; the first wedge is provided with a slide groove , a card bar is slidably connected in the chute, and a first spring is connected between the card bar and the chute; a through hole for the card bar to be engaged is opened on the sliding sleeve, and the through hole is located on the side close to the storage tube; the first The wedge is connected with a second spring for resetting the first wedge; the ejector structure includes an ejector rod, an electromagnet, a first switch for controlling the power-off of the electromagnet, a second switch for controlling the power-on of the electromagnet and The third spring is connected between the frame and the ejector rod. The ejector rod is provided with a magnet capable of attracting the electromagnet. The ejector rod is opposite to the through hole and can extend into the through hole; the electromagnet is fixed on the slide The first switch is fixed on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve and is opposite to the ejector rod; the stamping mechanism includes a pressing block and a second wedge, the second switch is fixed on the frame, and the second switch It is opposite to the pressing block, and when the pressing block moves to the lower limit position, the pressing block can press the second switch; the slope of the second wedge is opposite to the slope of the first wedge, and the upward movement of the second wedge can drive the first wedge to Storage barrel side movement.

By setting up the cutting mechanism, there is no need to cut the long blanks in advance, and the long blanks are directly placed in the storage cylinder. During the working process of the stamping mechanism, the cutting knife can automatically cut the blanks into lengths that meet the requirements. , effectively reduce the steps of cutting in advance and improve the efficiency of processing.

Further, the stamping mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder fixed on the frame and a mounting plate fixed on the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and a punch is arranged on the mounting plate; the second wedge and the pressing block are both fixed on the mounting plate. The hydraulic cylinder drives the punch to move up and down, which is easy and convenient to operate.

Further, a liquid storage tank is provided on the communication pipe, and the liquid storage tank is located on the side of the piston close to the first plunger, and a one-way liquid inlet valve and a one-way liquid discharge that can communicate with the liquid storage tank and the communication pipe are provided on the communication pipe valve. The connecting pipe is provided with a liquid storage tank, and according to the pressure in the connecting pipe, the liquid storage tank automatically sucks in or discharges hydraulic oil to ensure that the pressure in the connecting pipe is maintained at a relatively stable state.

Further, a blanking groove located on one side of the stamping mechanism is opened on the workbench, and the blanking groove is opposite to the second plunger. A blanking chute is provided, which can effectively collect processed workpieces.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the top view of automatic feeding device embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the transmission unit in Fig. 1;

Figure 3 is a front sectional view of the storage unit;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the stamping mechanism.

Detailed ways

The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

The reference signs in the accompanying drawings 1 to 4 of the specification include: workbench 10, blanking chute 11, stamping mechanism 20, hydraulic cylinder 21, mounting plate 22, pressing block 23, punch 24, second wedge 25, connecting pipe 30. Second plunger 31, first plunger 32, piston 33, push rod 34, connecting rod 341, rotating column 40, groove 41, coil 42, liquid storage tank 50, one-way liquid inlet valve 51, one-way Drain valve 52, storage cylinder 60, blank 61, cutting mechanism 70, sliding sleeve 71, through hole 711, first wedge 72, chute 721, first spring 722, clip 723, electromagnet 73, second spring 74, ejector rod 75, third spring 751, cutting knife 76, first switch 77.

As shown in Figure 1, the automatic feeding device includes a frame, a transmission unit, a storage unit and a processing unit. The processing unit includes a workbench 10 and a stamping mechanism 20 for upsetting the blank 61. The workbench 10 is provided with a The blanking chute 11 on the front side of the stamping mechanism 20 is used to store the finished workpieces. The stamping mechanism 20 is positioned at the top of the workbench 10. As shown in FIG. A punch 24 and a pressing block 23 are arranged, and a second wedge 25 is welded on the right side wall of the mounting plate 22 .

As shown in FIG. 2, the transmission unit includes a connecting pipe 30 and a rotating column 40 that is rotatably connected to the frame. A torsion spring is connected between the rotating column 40 and the frame. The circumferential surface of the rotating column 40 is provided with a spiral groove. 41. A coil 42 is wound on the rotating column 40, and the free end of the coil 42 is fixed on the mounting plate 22. When the hydraulic cylinder 21 drives the mounting plate 22 to move upward, the mounting plate 22 drives the rotating column 40 to rotate through the coil 42; the hydraulic cylinder 21 drives the installation When the plate 22 moves downward, the wire on the coil 42 is relaxed, and under the action of the torsion spring, the rotating post 40 reverses and resets. Hydraulic oil is housed in the communication pipe 30, a first plunger 32 is slid and sealed in one side of the communication pipe 30, and a second plunger 31 is slid and sealed in the other side of the communication pipe 30, and the first plunger 32 Located on the right side of the stamping mechanism 20, the second plunger 31 is positioned at the rear side of the stamping mechanism 20, and the storage unit is located between the first plunger 32 and the stamping mechanism 20, and the first plunger 32 is used to store the material on the storage unit. The blank 61 after cutting is pushed directly below the stamping mechanism 20 . A limiting groove is opened on the inner wall of the connecting pipe 30, and a protrusion that is slidably connected in the limiting groove is fixed on the first plunger 32. The setting of the limiting groove and the protrusion limits the range of motion of the first plunger 32, avoiding The movement of the first plunger 32 is out of range. A piston 33 is slidably and sealingly connected in the communication pipe 30 , and a push rod 34 passing through the left side wall of the communication pipe 30 is fixed on the piston 33 . The push rod 34 is fixed with a connecting rod 341 outside the connecting pipe 30, and one end of the connecting rod 341 is engaged in the groove 41. When the rotating column 40 rotates, the push rod 34 can be driven to slide through the groove 41 and the connecting rod 341. . A liquid storage tank 50 is provided on the communication pipe 30, and the liquid storage tank 50 is located on the side of the piston 33 close to the first plunger 32. The communication pipe 30 is provided with a one-way liquid inlet that can communicate with the liquid storage tank 50 and the communication pipe 30. valve 51 and one-way drain valve 52. The left and right sides of the communication pipe 30 are divided by the piston 33. When the pressure in the right side of the communication pipe 30 increases, the one-way drain valve 52 is automatically opened, and the hydraulic oil in the right side of the communication pipe 30 can be drained through the one-way drain. The valve 52 enters the liquid storage tank 50; when the pressure in the right side of the communication pipe 30 decreases, the one-way liquid inlet valve 51 is automatically opened, and the hydraulic oil in the liquid storage tank 50 can enter the right side of the communication pipe 30 through the one-way liquid inlet valve 51. side inside.

The storage unit is located above the workbench 10. As shown in FIG. 3, the storage unit includes a cutting mechanism 70 and a storage cylinder 60 fixed on the frame. The distance between the storage cylinder 60 and the workbench 10 is 1-1.5 times The length of the blank 61 to be upset, in this embodiment, the distance between the storage cylinder 60 and the worktable 10 is 1.1 times the length of the blank 61 to be upset. The cutting mechanism 70 is located on the left side of the storage tube 60 , and the cutting mechanism 70 is used for cutting the blank 61 in the storage tube 60 into segments with a fixed height. The cutting mechanism 70 comprises a sliding sleeve 71, an ejection structure, a first wedge 72 slidably connected in the sliding sleeve 71, and a cutting knife 76 fixed on the right side wall of the first wedge 72, and the cutting knife 76 is connected to the workbench 10. The distance between them is equal to the length of the blank 61 to be upset. The slope of the first wedge 72 is opposite to the slope of the second wedge 25. When the second wedge 25 goes up, the second wedge 25 exerts a force on the first wedge 72, which can drive the first wedge 72 to the storage cylinder. 60 side movement. The upper part of the first wedge 72 is provided with a chute 721 , and a clip 723 is slidably connected to the chute 721 , and a first spring 722 is connected between the lower surface of the clip 723 and the bottom of the chute 721 . The upper part of the sliding sleeve 71 is provided with a through hole 711 . When the clamping strip 723 is facing the through hole 711 , the clamping strip 723 can be engaged in the through hole 711 under the force of the first spring 722 . When the clip 723 on the first wedge 72 moves toward the through hole 711 , the first wedge 72 drives the cutting knife 76 to protrude toward the blank 61 , and the cutting knife 76 can complete the cutting of the blank 61 . A second spring 74 is connected between the first wedge 72 and the outer wall of the storage tube 60 . The ejector structure includes an ejector rod 75, an electromagnet 73, a first switch 77 for controlling the power-off of the electromagnet 73, a second switch for controlling the power-on of the electromagnet 73, and a switch connected between the frame and the ejector rod 75. For the third spring 751, after the first switch 77 is pressed, the first switch 77 controls the electromagnet 73 to be powered off, and after the second switch is pressed, the second switch controls the electromagnet 73 to be powered on. The electromagnet 73 is fixed on the sliding sleeve 71 and located at the lower left side of the through hole 711 , and the first switch 77 is fixed on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 71 and located at the lower right side of the through hole 711 . The second switch is fixed on the frame, and the second switch is facing the pressing block 23. When the pressing block 23 moves down to the end point of the punch 24 movement stroke, the pressing block 23 can press the second switch. The ejector rod 75 is opposite to the through hole 711 and can be inserted into the through hole 711. A magnet is fixed in the ejector rod 75, and the pulling force of the third spring 751 on the ejector rod is greater than that between the magnet and the non-energized electromagnet 73. The attractive force generated by the electromagnet 73 is greater than the pulling force of the third spring 751 on the ejector rod after the electromagnet 73 is energized. The ejector rod 75 stretches into the through hole 711, and when the electromagnet 73 is energized, the magnet and the electromagnet 73 generate a relatively large attraction force, and the electromagnet 73 drives the ejector rod 75 to move downwards and extend into the through hole 711 to eject the ejector rod 75. After the rod 75 extends into the through hole 711 , it will press the first switch 77 .

The specific implementation process is as follows: artificially apply a force pointing to the right on the first wedge 72, so that the clip 723 on the first wedge 72 is engaged with the through hole 711, and a long blank is added to the storage cylinder 60. 61, the blank 61 is placed on the cutting knife 76 at this time. Operate the hydraulic cylinder 21 to make the mounting plate 22 drive the punch 24 and the pressing block 23 to move down to the end of the stroke of the punch 24. When the punch 24 goes down to the end position, the pressing block 23 presses the second switch, and the electromagnet 73 is energized , the magnet and the electromagnet 73 attract each other, the electromagnet 73 drives the ejector rod 75 to move downwards and extend into the through hole 711, and the ejector rod 75 completely presses the clip 723 back into the chute 721. 723, under the action of the second spring 74, the first wedge 72 and the cutting knife 76 slide to the left and return to their original positions, and the blank 61 in the storage tube 60 falls on the workbench 10. After the ejector rod 75 extends into the through hole 711, it will press the first switch 77, and the first switch 77 controls the electromagnet 73 to power off. Return to original position at last.

Operate the hydraulic cylinder 21 again to make the mounting plate 22 drive the punch 24 and the second wedge 25 to move upwards. During the upward movement of the mounting plate 22, the mounting plate 22 drives the rotating column 40 to rotate in a fixed direction through the coil 42. At this time, the rotating column 40 drives the push rod 34 to move to the left through the groove 41 and the connecting rod 341. When the second wedge 25 moves up to a certain position along with the mounting plate 22, the slopes of the second wedge 25 and the first wedge 72 contact each other, and the second wedge 25 exerts a force on the first wedge 72, so that the first wedge The block 72 and the cutting knife 76 slide to the right along the sliding sleeve 71. In this process, the cutting knife 76 protrudes to one side of the blank 61 to cut the blank 61, so that the blank 61 is cut into segments. When the first wedge When 72 moves to the right limit position, the clip bar 723 is engaged on the through hole 711 again. During the upward movement of the mounting plate 22, the piston 33 slides to the left along the inner wall of the communication pipe 30, the pressure in the left side of the communication pipe 30 increases, and the hydraulic oil moves to the side of the second plunger 31, pushing the second column The plug 31 protrudes outwards (if there is an upsetting workpiece on the workbench 10 at this moment, the second plunger 31 will push the workpiece into the blanking groove 11).

When the punch 24 goes up to the end of its motion stroke, operate the hydraulic cylinder 21 again, so that the mounting plate 22 drives the punch 24, the pressing block 23 and the second wedge 25 to go down. At this time, the wire on the coil 42 becomes loose gradually. Under the action of the torsion spring, the rotation direction of the rotating column 40 changes, and the rotating column 40 drives the piston 33 to slide rightward along the inner wall of the connecting pipe 30 through the connecting rod 341 and the push rod 34 . The piston 33 pushes the hydraulic oil in the right side of the communication pipe 30 to flow to the first plunger 32 side, and the hydraulic oil drives the first plunger 32 to protrude to the outside of the communication pipe 30, and the first plunger 32 cuts the bottom of the storage cylinder 60 The completed segment blank 61 is pushed toward the punching mechanism 20 . When the first plunger 32 moves to the limit position, the blank 61 is pushed directly under the punch 24 , and the punch 24 continues to go down to upset the blank 61 . When the first plunger 32 moves to the limit position and cannot continue to extend, the pressure in the right side of the communication pipe 30 increases, and the one-way drain valve 52 automatically opens, and the hydraulic oil in the right side of the communication pipe 30 passes through the one-way drain. The valve 52 enters the liquid storage tank 50 to prevent the communication pipe 30 from being exploded due to excessive pressure. At the same time, the pressure in the left side of the communication tube 30 decreases, and the second plunger 31 gradually retracts into the communication tube 30 .

What is described above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific structures and characteristics known in the scheme are not described here too much. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise of not departing from the structure of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can also be made, and these should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation of the present invention. Effects and utility of patents. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of the claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification may be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims (5)

1. The automatic feeding device is characterized in that: it includes a frame, a transmission unit, a storage unit and a processing unit, and the processing unit includes a workbench and a stamping mechanism for upsetting the blank; the storage unit is located above the workbench, and the storage unit The material unit includes a cutting mechanism for cutting the blank into a fixed height and a storage cylinder fixed on the frame. The distance between the storage cylinder and the worktable is 1-1.5 times the length of the blank to be upset; the transmission unit includes a connecting pipe It is connected with the rotating column on the frame, and a torsion spring is connected between the rotating column and the frame; hydraulic oil is installed in the connecting pipe, and the first plunger is slidably connected to one side of the connecting pipe, and the other side of the connecting pipe The inner sliding connection has a second plunger, the communication pipe is provided with a limit groove, and the first plunger is provided with a protrusion that is slidably connected in the limit groove; the first plunger and the second plunger are respectively located On both sides, the storage unit is located between the first plunger and the stamping mechanism, and the first plunger is used to push the blank on the storage unit to the bottom of the stamping mechanism; a piston is slidably connected to the communication pipe, and a piston is fixed on one end through the Through the push rod of the connecting pipe, there is a spiral groove on the rotating column, and a connecting rod with one end engaged in the groove is arranged on the pushing rod; a coil is wound on the rotating column, and the free end of the coil is fixed on the stamping mechanism . 2. The automatic feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cutting mechanism comprises a sliding sleeve, an ejection structure, a first wedge slidably connected in the sliding sleeve, and a first wedge fixed on the first wedge and located in the storage cylinder. A cutting knife on one side; a chute is opened on the first wedge, and a clamping strip is slidably connected in the chute, and a first spring is connected between the clamping strip and the chute; A through hole, the through hole is located on the side close to the storage cylinder; the first wedge is connected with a second spring for resetting the first wedge; the ejector structure includes an ejector rod, an electromagnet, and a The first switch, the second switch used to control the electrification of the electromagnet, and the third spring connected between the frame and the ejector rod, the ejector rod is provided with a magnet capable of attracting the electromagnet, and the ejector rod and the The holes are opposite and can extend into the through hole; the electromagnet is fixed on the sliding sleeve and is located on one side of the through hole, the first switch is fixed on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve and is opposite to the ejector rod; the stamping mechanism includes a pressing block and a second Wedge, the second switch is fixed on the frame, the second switch is facing the pressing block, when the pressing block moves to the lower limit position, the pressing block can press the second switch; the inclined plane of the second wedge and the first wedge The inclined surfaces are opposite to each other, and the upward movement of the second wedge can drive the first wedge to move toward one side of the storage cylinder. 3. The automatic feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the stamping mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder fixed on the frame and a mounting plate fixed on the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the mounting plate is provided with a punch; the second Both the wedge and the pressing block are fixed on the mounting plate. 4. The automatic feeding device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the connecting pipe is provided with a liquid storage tank, the liquid storage tank is located on the side of the piston close to the first plunger, and the connecting pipes are equipped with There is a one-way liquid inlet valve and a one-way liquid discharge valve that can communicate with the liquid storage tank and the communication pipe. 5. The automatic feeding device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: a blanking groove located on one side of the stamping mechanism is opened on the workbench, and the blanking groove is opposite to the second plunger.