CN108809253B - A high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device - Google Patents

Abstract

A high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device disclosed in the present invention includes a radiator and a water tank. A circulation pipe on the radiator is arranged inside the water tank, and the heat-carrying working medium in the circulation pipe exchanges heat with water in the water tank. It is characterized in that: the radiator also includes a heat-absorbing surface and a heat-dissipating part, the heat-dissipating part is arranged on one side of the heat-absorbing surface, a medium inlet and a medium outlet are arranged on it, and the circulation pipeline is connected to the medium inlet and the medium outlet; Fins are arranged inside the heat sink, and the gaps formed adjacent to the fins are equal. The technical solution provided by the present invention is used for temperature control of concentrating photovoltaic power generation cells, and its structure is reasonable. The heat-carrying working medium is used to take away the heat on the heat-absorbing surface, so as to achieve the purpose of temperature control, ensure the battery life, and improve the concentration of light. The reliability and efficiency of photovoltaic power generation; and the heat carried away by the thermal working medium is stored in the water in the water tank, which reduces waste and improves the utilization rate of energy.

Description

A high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic, in particular to a high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device.

Background technique

Concentrated photovoltaics refers to a technology that directly converts concentrated sunlight into electrical energy through photovoltaic cells with high conversion efficiency.

Concentrated photovoltaic technology gathers scattered solar energy through optical methods to achieve high temperature and high heat flow solar energy utilization. For example, by concentrating light on the Fresnel plane, the concentration of solar energy with a geometric magnification of more than 1000 times can be achieved. At this time, the temperature at the light spot reaches or even exceeds 1000°C, and the heat flux density reaches more than 100W/cm ² . Three-junction type concentrated photovoltaic power generation is a kind of concentrated photovoltaic power generation, which can obtain a photoelectric conversion efficiency of up to 40%. Compared with conventional photovoltaic power generation, it is not only high in power generation efficiency, but also in less pollution and damage to the environment, and less energy consumption in the smelting process.

Due to high concentration, high concentration temperature and high heat flux density, although the power generation efficiency of triple-junction concentrating photovoltaics is as high as 40%, 60% of the energy still needs to be transferred in the form of heat on a very small heat dissipation area. It is called a high-intensity heat transfer process. The high-intensity heat transfer process will destroy the life of photovoltaic power generation cells and affect the operation of concentrated photovoltaic power generation.

Existing high-power concentrating photovoltaic cooling methods mainly include: air natural cooling method for heat dissipation through aluminum profiles, water-cooling cooling method with micro-channel structure, and immersion concentrating photovoltaic cell cooling method.

The heat dissipation method of aluminum profiles, although the heat dissipation area is large enough, at the contact surface with the concentrating photovoltaic cell, the heat flow is large, the thermal resistance is large, the temperature is high, and even exceeds the upper limit of the operating temperature of the photovoltaic cell; the heat dissipation method of aluminum profiles, weight It is not big and the price is not high, but this cooling method makes the concentrating photovoltaic cells in a long-term fatigue state, which greatly damages the life of the battery.

The water cooling method of the microchannel structure, due to the special structure, the flow resistance of the fluid in the microchannel is large, and the required external pump power consumption is large. The micro-channel heat dissipation structure is difficult to process, and the cost is high.

The large flow of cooling liquid passes through the micro-channel structure, the temperature rise of the cooling system is small, and the subsequent recycling rate of the cooling liquid is small.

The immersion cooling method is not the final cooling method, and an additional cooling system is required, and there are many intermediate links.

Therefore, it is urgent to design a photovoltaic thermal control device to control the temperature of the cells of concentrated photovoltaic power generation, so as to improve the power generation efficiency, ensure the battery life, and provide safety and reliability.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to address the above technical problems. The present invention provides a high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device, which has a reasonable structure and uses a heat-carrying working medium to take away the heat on the heat-absorbing surface, so as to achieve the purpose of temperature control, Guarantee the battery life, improve the reliability and efficiency of concentrated photovoltaic power generation; and the heat carried away by the hot working medium is stored in the water in the water tank, reducing waste and improving energy utilization.

Technical solution of the present invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device, which specifically includes a radiator and a water tank. The water in the water tank undergoes heat exchange; it is characterized in that: the radiator further includes a heat absorbing surface and a heat radiating part, the heat radiating part is arranged on the back side of the heat absorbing surface, and a medium inlet and a medium outlet are arranged on it, and a circulation pipe It is connected to the medium inlet and the medium outlet; fins are arranged inside the heat dissipation part, and the gaps formed by the adjacent fins are equal.

In some embodiments, the medium inlet and the medium outlet are arranged diagonally, and the medium inlet is above the medium outlet.

In some embodiments, the fins are disposed on the back of the heat sink in a direction perpendicular to the heat sink.

In some embodiments, the filling amount of the heat-carrying working medium in the circulation pipeline is 95%.

In some embodiments, several baffles are arranged inside the water tank, and the baffles are horizontally arranged inside the water tank.

In some embodiments, one end of the baffle is welded on the side wall of the water tank, and the other end of the baffle is set at an distance from the inner wall of the water tank.

In some embodiments, the lower part of the water tank is provided with a pressure block, the pressure block is provided with a through hole, and the circulation pipe is arranged in the water tank through the through hole on the pressure block; the circulation pipe is provided with a corrugated pipe section, which is It is located between the pressing block and the heat sink.

In some embodiments, the high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device further includes a spacing adjustment mechanism, the spacing adjustment mechanism consists of a fixing block and a screw, the fixing block is arranged on one side of the heat absorbing surface, and the screw is installed on the fixing block One end of the screw hole is in contact with the pressing block on the water tank.

In some embodiments, the distance adjusting mechanism is a miniature cylinder, wherein the cylinder body is arranged on one side of the heat absorbing surface, and one end of the cylinder rod is in contact with the pressing block on the water tank.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device provided by the present invention has a reasonable structure and has the following technical effects:

(1) Using the heat dissipation structure of the liquid cooling method, the high heat flux density of the heating end can be efficiently dispersed in the cooling end, forming a large heat transfer area, the wall temperature of the cooling end is high, the heat transfer temperature difference is large, and the heat source with low heat flux density can efficiently It is transferred to the cooling water, and the waste heat is efficiently converted into useful hot water for subsequent heating in winter or a heat source for cooling in summer.

(2) The water storage tank provided with the baffle plate has a small structure and a small water capacity. Under the condition of no solar light, the water stored in the water storage tank is easy to drain.

(3) The large-area metal heat-absorbing surface is used to concentrate heat absorption to the heat-dissipating part with a smaller area, instead of directly exchanging heat in the metal heat-absorbing surface, which improves the heat collection efficiency and absorbs heat from the heat surface of the concentrating photovoltaic cell. In the main area where high-intensity heat transfer occurs, the heat is concentratedly transferred to the heat-carrying working medium in the heat dissipation part, because the equivalent convective heat transfer coefficient between the heat-carrying working medium and the wall of the metal heat-absorbing surface is higher than that of boiling or evaporation during phase change heat transfer. Therefore, the temperature of the radiator and the concentrating photovoltaic cell is effectively controlled, and the purpose of temperature control is achieved.

(4) Fins are arranged at equal intervals in the heat dissipation part to increase the sufficient contact between the heat-carrying working medium and the heat source, so as to take away more heat and strengthen temperature control; the arrangement of the medium inlet and the medium outlet prolongs the working medium in the heat dissipation part. At the same time, the fins are arranged on the back of the heat-absorbing surface in a direction perpendicular to the heat-absorbing surface, which can make full use of the length of the fins for heat exchange. The thermal capacity enables the heat-carrying working medium to absorb the heat flow evenly at the heat-absorbing surface to avoid the deterioration of heat transfer.

(2) In the present application, a distance adjustment mechanism is provided to adapt to the change of the sun's altitude angle, so as to obtain a matching heat transfer capacity and strengthen the temperature control.

(6) The charging amount of the heat-carrying working medium is 95% of the volume charging amount, so that the high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device can transfer heat with high heat flux density and reduce heat absorption under the condition of high-power concentrating solar energy. This kind of filling volume makes the effect of the high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device the best.

Description of drawings

The above-mentioned advantages of the present invention will become clearer and easier to understand from the detailed description in conjunction with the following drawings, which are only schematic and do not limit the present invention, wherein:

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the rear view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the left side view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the radiator of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the left side view of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the water tank of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the left side view of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is the top view of Fig. 6;

9 is a schematic structural diagram of the heat absorbing surface and the heat dissipation part of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 9 .

In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by each number are as follows:

10. Radiator; 11. Circulation pipe; 12. Heat-absorbing surface; 13. Heat dissipation part; 14. Medium inlet; 15. Medium outlet; 16. Fins; 17. Corrugated pipe section; 20. Water tank; 22. Press block; 23. Water inlet; 24. Water outlet; 30. Spacing adjustment mechanism; 31. Fixed block; 32. Screw.

Detailed ways

1 to 10 are related drawings of a high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device according to the present invention. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and drawings.

The embodiments described herein are specific embodiments of the present invention, are used to illustrate the concept of the present invention, are illustrative and exemplary, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention and the scope of the present invention. In addition to the embodiments described herein, those skilled in the art can also adopt other obvious technical solutions based on the contents disclosed in the claims and the description of the present application, and these technical solutions include any obvious technical solutions to the embodiments described herein. Alternative and modified technical solutions.

The accompanying drawings in the present specification are schematic diagrams to assist in explaining the concept of the present invention, and schematically show the shapes of various parts and their mutual relationships. Please note that the same reference numerals are used to denote the same parts in order to clearly represent the structures of the components of the embodiments of the present invention.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device described in the present application, which specifically includes a radiator 10 and a water tank 20. A circulation pipe 11 on the radiator 10 is arranged inside the water tank 20, and the circulation pipe 11 The heat-carrying working medium inside exchanges heat with the water in the water tank 20 , FIG. 2 is the rear view of FIG. 1 , and FIG. 3 is the left side view of FIG. 2 . The heat sink 10 further includes a heat-absorbing surface 12 and a heat-dissipating portion 13. As shown in FIG. 4, the heat-dissipating portion 13 is arranged on the back side of the heat-absorbing surface 12, and a medium inlet 14 and a medium outlet 15 are arranged on the heat sink 13. The inlet 14 and the medium outlet 15 are arranged diagonally on the radiating part 13, and the circulation pipe 11 is connected to the medium inlet 14 and the medium outlet 15; ), the gaps formed by adjacent fins 16 are equal.

The heat-carrying working medium is arranged in the circulation pipe 10, which is in full contact with the fins on the heat dissipation part 13, so as to take away more heat and realize temperature control.

1 to 5 , the radiator 10 includes a circulation pipe 11 , a heat-absorbing surface 12 and a heat-dissipating portion 13 , and the heat-dissipating portion 13 is arranged on the side of the heat-absorbing surface 12 On the back side, and located in the center of the heat-absorbing surface 12 , a medium inlet 14 and a medium outlet 15 (shown in FIG. 1 ) are provided on the heat dissipation portion 13 , and the circulation pipe 11 is connected to the medium inlet 14 and the medium outlet 15 , and the medium inlet 14 The fins 16 (shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 ) perpendicular to the heat-absorbing surface 12 are arranged inside the heat-dissipating part 13 and adjacent to the fins The gaps formed by 16 are equal.

In the present application, the filling amount of the heat-carrying working medium in the circulation pipeline 11 is 60-100%, and the filling amount of the heat-carrying working medium in this range can make the high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device work in the high-power concentrating solar energy. Under the condition of light, it can transfer heat with high heat flux density and reduce the working temperature of the heat-absorbing surface. Especially when the volume filling volume is about 95%, this filling volume makes the effect of the high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device the best.

6 to 8 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the water tank of the present application, the water tank 20 is provided with a number of baffles 21 inside, and the baffles 21 are horizontally arranged inside the water tank 20; one end of the baffle 21 is welded On the side wall of the water tank 20 , the other end of the water tank 20 is set a distance from one end to the inner wall of the water tank 20 . The water enters from the sleeping inlet 23, passes through the horizontally arranged baffles 21, the water in the water tank 20 contacts the circulation pipe 11, and flows out from the water outlet 24; the baffles first effectively reduce the volume of the water tank 20, which can increase the water tank The flow of reclaimed water enhances the effect of heat exchange, and at the same time strengthens the structure of the water tank 20, making it more stable and firm.

The lower part of the water tank 20 is provided with a pressure block 22, the pressure block 22 is provided with a through hole, the circulation pipe 11 is arranged in the water tank 20 through the through hole on the pressure block 22; the circulation pipe 11 is provided with a corrugated pipe section 17 , which is located between the pressing block 22 and the heat dissipation part 13 . In the present application, the arrangement of the corrugated pipe section can increase the overall flexibility of the circulation pipe and improve the adjustability of the circulation pipe, so that the length of the circulation pipe can be adjusted at any time to adapt to the change of the sun altitude angle, that is, the length of the wall surface of the heat transfer circulation pipe can be changed to obtain a matching heat transfer capacity.

9 is a schematic view of the structure of the heat absorbing surface and the heat dissipating portion of the present invention, the heat sink 10 is provided with fins 16 inside, and the gaps formed by the adjacent fins 16 are equal. A number of fins 16 are arranged inside the heat dissipation part 13, and the heat-carrying working medium enters from the medium inlet 14, passes through a number of fins 16, and leaks out from the medium outlet 15; Above the medium outlet 15, the internal working medium enters from the upper port and exits from the lower port. The arrangement of the medium inlet 14 and the medium outlet 15 prolongs the residence time of the working medium in the heat dissipation part 13, and the fins extend perpendicular to the back of the heat absorbing surface. The direction of the heat-absorbing surface is arranged to make full use of the length of the fins for heat exchange. The fins of the above structure can enhance the heat-absorbing ability of the heat-carrying working medium at the heat-absorbing surface 12 , so that the heat-carrying working medium is on the heat-absorbing surface 12 . The heat flow is absorbed evenly at the place to avoid the deterioration of heat transfer. Since the equivalent convective heat transfer coefficient between the heat-carrying working medium and the metal wall is higher than the boiling or evaporation coefficient during phase change heat transfer, the temperature at the point where the heating end and the concentrating photovoltaic cell are attached is effectively controlled, and the purpose of temperature control is achieved. .

The high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device further includes a spacing adjustment mechanism 30 , as shown in FIG. 1 , the spacing adjustment mechanism consists of a fixing block 31 and a screw 32 , and the fixing block 31 is arranged on one side of the heat absorbing surface 12 . The screw rod 32 is installed on the screw hole of the fixing block 31 , and one end of the screw rod 32 is in contact with the pressing block 22 on the water tank 20 . By rotating the screw 32, the end of the screw 32 will push the water tank 20 to move upward as a whole, so as to change the contact area between the circulation pipe 11 and the water in the water tank, and change the degree of heat exchange between the heat-carrying working medium and the water in the water tank. The change of the angle of sunlight improves the temperature control capability of the high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device.

In some embodiments, the distance adjusting mechanism 30 is a miniature cylinder, wherein the cylinder body is disposed on one side of the heat absorbing surface 12 , and one end of the cylinder rod is in abutment with the pressing block 22 on the water tank 20 . By adjusting the expansion and contraction of the cylinder rod, the contact area between the circulation pipe 11 and the water in the water tank is adjusted, and the degree of heat exchange between the heat-carrying working medium and the water in the water tank is changed.

Compared with the prior art, the high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device provided by the present invention has a reasonable structure, and uses the heat-carrying working medium to take away the heat on the heat-absorbing surface, so as to achieve the purpose of temperature control and ensure the battery life. , improve the reliability and efficiency of concentrated photovoltaic power generation; and the heat carried away by the heat-carrying working medium is stored in the water in the water tank, reducing waste and improving energy utilization.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and anyone can obtain other various forms of products under the inspiration of the present invention, but no matter if any changes are made in its shape or structure, all products with the same or similar characteristics as those in the present application can be obtained. The technical solutions all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device, comprising a radiator (10) and a water tank (20), wherein a circulation pipe (11) on the radiator (10) is arranged inside the water tank (20), and the circulation pipe ( The heat-carrying working medium in 11) exchanges heat with the water in the water tank (20); it is characterized in that: the radiator (10) further comprises a heat absorbing surface (12) and a heat dissipation part (13), the heat dissipation part (13) is arranged on the back side of the heat absorbing surface (12), on which a medium inlet (14) and a medium outlet (15) are arranged, and the circulation pipe (11) is connected to the medium inlet (14) and the medium outlet (15); Fins (16) are arranged inside the heat dissipation part (13), the fins (16) are distributed in a lattice, and the gaps formed by the adjacent fins (16) are equal, and the medium inlet (14) and the medium outlet ( 15) It is arranged diagonally, the medium inlet (14) is above the medium outlet (15), and the fins (16) are arranged on the back of the heat-absorbing surface (12) in a direction perpendicular to the heat-absorbing surface (12), making full use of the fins The length of the sheet conducts heat exchange, the area of the heat dissipation portion (13) is smaller than the area of the heat absorbing surface (12), and a plurality of baffles (21) are arranged inside the water tank (20), and the baffles (21) ) is horizontally arranged in the interior of the water tank (20), one end of the baffle plate (21) is welded on the side wall of the water tank (20), and the other end of the baffle plate (21) is provided with one end distance from the inner wall of the water tank (20); The lower part of the water tank (20) is provided with a pressure block (22), the pressure block (22) is provided with a through hole, and the circulation pipe (11) is arranged in the water tank (20) through the through hole on the pressure block (22) ; The circulating pipeline (11) is provided with a corrugated pipe section (17), which is located between the pressing block (22) and the heat dissipation part (13); The high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device further includes a spacing adjustment mechanism (30), the spacing adjustment mechanism is composed of a fixing block (31) and a screw (32), and the fixing block (31) is arranged on the heat absorbing surface (12). ), the screw (32) is installed on the screw hole of the fixing block (31), and one end of the screw (32) is in contact with the pressing block (22) on the water tank (20). The cylinder body is arranged on one side of the heat absorbing surface (12), and one end of the cylinder rod is in contact with the pressing block (22) on the water tank (20). 2 . The high-power concentrating photovoltaic thermal control device according to claim 1 , wherein the filling amount of the heat-carrying working medium in the circulation pipe ( 11 ) is 95%. 3 .

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