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CN108802281A - A kind of intelligence air moisture content measuring device - Google Patents

A kind of intelligence air moisture content measuring device Download PDF

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CN108802281A
CN108802281A CN201810557631.1A CN201810557631A CN108802281A CN 108802281 A CN108802281 A CN 108802281A CN 201810557631 A CN201810557631 A CN 201810557631A CN 108802281 A CN108802281 A CN 108802281A
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temperature
air
humidity
moisture content
relative humidity
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CN108802281B (en
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杨洲
郑玮
吴其其
张明
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0062General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the measuring method or the display, e.g. intermittent measurement or digital display

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种智能化空气含水量测量装置,包括:盛装器具、测量筒、电器盒及电源模块;测量筒内部有第一温湿度传感器、风扇和加热电阻丝,盛装器具内部放置第二温湿度传感器;电器盒中包括控制器;控制器,用于在第二温湿度传感器采集的相对湿度数据小于等于预设湿度值时,将相对湿度数据作为最终测量结果;在相对湿度数据大于预设湿度值时,由加热电阻丝对测量筒内空气进行加热使其相对湿度变为欠饱和状态,同时由风扇使加热后的空气流过第一温湿度传感器,根据加热后空气的相对湿度和温度得到绝对空气含水量,再将绝对空气含水量转换为当前环境温度下的相对空气含水量。本发明装置轻便,便于移动和安装,可以实现空气含水量较大范围的测量。

The invention discloses an intelligent air moisture measuring device, comprising: a container, a measuring tube, an electrical box and a power supply module; inside the measuring tube there are a first temperature and humidity sensor, a fan and a heating resistance wire; temperature and humidity sensor; the electrical box includes a controller; the controller is used to use the relative humidity data as the final measurement result when the relative humidity data collected by the second temperature and humidity sensor is less than or equal to the preset humidity value; When setting the humidity value, the heating resistance wire heats the air in the measuring cylinder to make the relative humidity become undersaturated, and at the same time, the fan makes the heated air flow through the first temperature and humidity sensor, according to the relative humidity of the heated air and Temperature to obtain the absolute air moisture content, and then convert the absolute air moisture content to the relative air moisture content at the current ambient temperature. The device of the invention is light, easy to move and install, and can realize the measurement of the water content in the air in a wide range.

Description

一种智能化空气含水量测量装置An intelligent air moisture content measuring device

技术领域technical field

本发明属于水文监测领域,更具体地,涉及一种空气含水量测量装置,尤其是对过饱和空气的含水量的测量。The invention belongs to the field of hydrological monitoring, and more particularly relates to a device for measuring air moisture content, especially for measuring the moisture content of supersaturated air.

背景技术Background technique

空气含水量是水循环的重要水文变量,在气象监测、生态、农业等学科中具有重要意义。目前大部分空气含水量测量设备测量量程有限,最多只能测到95%RH~100%RH。极少数可以测量过饱和情况(大于100%RH)的设备也自动化水平低,使用不方便且造价昂贵。Air moisture content is an important hydrological variable in the water cycle, which is of great significance in meteorological monitoring, ecology, agriculture and other disciplines. At present, most air moisture measurement equipment has a limited measurement range, and can only measure 95% RH to 100% RH at most. Very few devices that can measure supersaturation (greater than 100% RH) are also low in automation, inconvenient to use and expensive to manufacture.

发明内容Contents of the invention

针对现有技术的以上缺陷或改进需求,本发明提供了一种智能化空气含水量测量装置,由此解决目前大部分空气含水量测量设备的测量量程有限及自动化水平低、造价贵的技术问题。In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent air moisture measurement device, thereby solving the technical problems of limited measurement range, low automation level and high cost of most current air moisture measurement equipment .

为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种智能化空气含水量测量装置,包括:盛装器具、测量筒、电器盒及电源模块;In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an intelligent air moisture measurement device, comprising: a container, a measuring tube, an electrical box and a power module;

所述测量筒、所述电器盒及所述电源模块均放置于所述盛装器具中;所述测量筒内部有第一温湿度传感器、风扇和加热电阻丝,所述测量筒两侧经滤网与空气连通,所述测量筒的底部与所述电器盒连接,同时在所述测量筒的外部所述盛装器具的内部放置第二温湿度传感器;所述电器盒中包括控制器;所述控制器分别与所述风扇、所述加热电阻丝、所述第一温湿度传感器、所述第二温湿度传感器及所述电源模块连接;The measuring tube, the electrical box and the power module are all placed in the container; inside the measuring tube are a first temperature and humidity sensor, a fan and a heating resistance wire, and the two sides of the measuring tube are passed through a filter In communication with the air, the bottom of the measuring tube is connected to the electrical box, and a second temperature and humidity sensor is placed inside the container outside the measuring tube; the electrical box includes a controller; the control connected to the fan, the heating resistance wire, the first temperature and humidity sensor, the second temperature and humidity sensor, and the power module;

所述控制器,用于获取所述第二温湿度传感器采集的相对湿度数据,若所述相对湿度数据小于等于预设湿度值,则将所述相对湿度数据作为最终测量结果;若所述相对湿度数据大于所述预设湿度值,则由所述加热电阻丝对所述测量筒内空气进行加热使其相对湿度变为欠饱和状态,同时由所述风扇使加热后的空气流过所述第一温湿度传感器,进而获得加热后的空气的相对湿度和温度数据,并根据所述加热后的空气的相对湿度和温度数据计算出绝对空气含水量,再将所述绝对空气含水量转换为当前环境温度下的相对空气含水量。The controller is configured to obtain relative humidity data collected by the second temperature and humidity sensor, and if the relative humidity data is less than or equal to a preset humidity value, use the relative humidity data as a final measurement result; if the relative humidity If the humidity data is greater than the preset humidity value, the heating resistance wire will heat the air in the measuring cylinder so that its relative humidity becomes undersaturated, and at the same time, the fan will make the heated air flow through the The first temperature and humidity sensor further obtains the relative humidity and temperature data of the heated air, and calculates the absolute air moisture content according to the relative humidity and temperature data of the heated air, and then converts the absolute air moisture content into The relative air moisture content at the current ambient temperature.

优选地,所述装置还包括显示模块;所述显示模块与所述控制器连接,由所述控制器将待显示数据在所述显示模块上进行输出显示。Preferably, the device further includes a display module; the display module is connected to the controller, and the controller outputs and displays the data to be displayed on the display module.

优选地,所述电器盒中还包括无线传输模块,所述无线传输模块与所述控制器连接,通过所述无线传输模块将测量结果发送到服务器。Preferably, the electrical box further includes a wireless transmission module, the wireless transmission module is connected to the controller, and the measurement result is sent to the server through the wireless transmission module.

优选地,所述电源模块包括蓄电池和太阳能电池板。Preferably, the power module includes a storage battery and a solar panel.

总体而言,通过本发明所构思的以上技术方案与现有技术相比,能够取得下列有益效果:本发明提供的空气水含量测量装置结构简单可靠,携带方便,自动化程度高,可以对湿空气的空气含水量进行较大范围的测量,并且可以实现实时远距离监测。Generally speaking, compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: the air water content measuring device provided by the present invention is simple and reliable in structure, easy to carry, and has a high degree of automation. The air moisture content can be measured in a large range, and real-time remote monitoring can be realized.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明实施例提供的一种智能化空气含水量测量装置的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an intelligent air moisture measuring device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图2是本发明实施例提供的一种智能化空气含水量测量装置的工作流程示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic workflow diagram of an intelligent air moisture measuring device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图3是本发明实施例提供的一种智能化空气含水量测量装置的软件运行示意图;Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of software operation of an intelligent air moisture measuring device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

在所有附图中,相同的附图标记用来表示相同的元件或结构,其中:Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to designate the same elements or structures, wherein:

1-盛装器具,2-风扇,3-天线,4-显示模块,5-电器盒(内置控制器和无线传输模块),6-太阳能电池板,7-蓄电池,8-加热电阻丝,9-第一温湿度传感器,10-第二温湿度传感器。1-Container, 2-Fan, 3-Antenna, 4-Display module, 5-Electrical box (built-in controller and wireless transmission module), 6-Solar panel, 7-Battery, 8-Heating resistance wire, 9- The first temperature and humidity sensor, 10—the second temperature and humidity sensor.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。此外,下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not constitute a conflict with each other.

本发明的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”和“第二”等是用于区别不同对象,而非用于描述特定顺序。The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of the present invention are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order.

如图1所示是本发明实施例提供的一种智能化空气含水量测量装置的结构示意图,包括:盛装器具1、测量筒、电器盒5、蓄电池7和太阳能电池板6;As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent air moisture measurement device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including: a container 1, a measuring tube, an electrical box 5, a storage battery 7 and a solar panel 6;

盛装器具1可以是百叶箱,用于将其他装置与外界分隔;The container 1 may be a shutter box, which is used to separate other devices from the outside world;

测量筒可以为圆柱体,测量筒内部装有耐高温的第一温湿度传感器9、风扇2和加热电阻丝8,测量筒两侧经滤网与空气连通,底部与电器盒5连接固定,同时在测量筒外部盛装器具内同样放置了一个高精度的第二温湿度传感器10;The measuring tube can be a cylinder, and the inside of the measuring tube is equipped with a high-temperature-resistant first temperature and humidity sensor 9, a fan 2 and a heating resistance wire 8. The two sides of the measuring tube are connected to the air through a filter screen, and the bottom is connected to the electrical box 5 and fixed. A high-precision second temperature and humidity sensor 10 is also placed in the outer container of the measuring cylinder;

电器盒5盛装控制器和无线传输模块;控制器可以经螺钉固定于电器盒5内部,电器盒5外侧固定显示模块4;其中,控制器分别与显示模块4、风扇2、加热电阻丝8、第一温湿度传感器9、第二温湿度传感器10以及无线传输模块连接;无线传输模块直接固定在控制器面板上,天线3经盛装器具1上的打孔伸出到外界;The electrical box 5 contains the controller and the wireless transmission module; the controller can be fixed inside the electrical box 5 via screws, and the display module 4 is fixed on the outside of the electrical box 5; wherein, the controller is respectively connected to the display module 4, the fan 2, the heating resistance wire 8, The first temperature and humidity sensor 9, the second temperature and humidity sensor 10 are connected with the wireless transmission module; the wireless transmission module is directly fixed on the controller panel, and the antenna 3 protrudes to the outside through the perforated hole on the container 1;

蓄电池7、太阳能电池板6和220V电源接口共同组成该装置的电源系统;该电源系统与控制器连接。The storage battery 7, the solar panel 6 and the 220V power supply interface together form the power supply system of the device; the power supply system is connected with the controller.

工作时,可根据情况选择电源模式(接220V市电或太阳能供电),接通电源后打开开关即可,方便野外测量。When working, you can choose the power mode (connected to 220V mains or solar power) according to the situation, and then turn on the switch after turning on the power, which is convenient for field measurement.

通过显示模块4可以读出测量筒内部的空气温度、空气含水量以及当前环境的实际温度和空气含水量。Through the display module 4, the air temperature and air moisture content inside the measuring cylinder and the actual temperature and air moisture content of the current environment can be read out.

控制器通过无线传输模块将测量结果发送到指定服务器,通过访问服务器即可查询和监测测量结果。The controller sends the measurement results to the designated server through the wireless transmission module, and the measurement results can be queried and monitored by accessing the server.

在本发明实施例中,利用控制器将对温湿度的测量分为两种方案,装置可根据实际情况选择从而实现自动测量。整体测量策略可参照图2。当装置打开时,控制器首先获取由位于盛装器具1中的第二温湿度传感器10采集的相对湿度数据,若相对湿度数据小于等于预设湿度值,则进入第一种情况:由显示模块显示该测量结果作为最终测量结果,由无线传输模块将该结果传回服务器;若相对湿度数据大于预设湿度值,则进入第二种情况:打开测量筒内的加热电阻丝8对测量桶内空气进行加热使其相对湿度变为欠饱和状态,同时打开测量筒内的风扇2使加热后的空气流过同样位于测量筒内的第一温湿度传感器9获得加热后的空气的相对湿度和温度数据,由控制器根据加热后的空气的相对湿度和温度计算出绝对湿度(绝对空气含水量),再将绝对空气含水量转换为当前环境温度下的相对空气含水量(RH%),最后将相对空气含水量与空气绝对含水量和加热前后温度数据一起发送给服务器,在显示模块上则显示最终计算得出的空气相对含水量数值。由于这个过程中加热前后空气温度变化并不大,风扇转动带来的空气流动的速度也很小,气压变化给整体计算带来的误差很小可以忽略。In the embodiment of the present invention, the measurement of temperature and humidity is divided into two schemes by using the controller, and the device can be selected according to the actual situation to realize automatic measurement. The overall measurement strategy can refer to Figure 2. When the device is turned on, the controller first obtains the relative humidity data collected by the second temperature and humidity sensor 10 located in the container 1, if the relative humidity data is less than or equal to the preset humidity value, then enters the first situation: displayed by the display module The measurement result is used as the final measurement result, and the result is sent back to the server by the wireless transmission module; if the relative humidity data is greater than the preset humidity value, then enter the second situation: open the heating resistance wire 8 in the measurement cylinder to measure the air in the cylinder Heating is carried out to make the relative humidity become undersaturated, and at the same time, the fan 2 in the measuring cylinder is turned on to allow the heated air to flow through the first temperature and humidity sensor 9 which is also located in the measuring cylinder to obtain the relative humidity and temperature data of the heated air , the controller calculates the absolute humidity (absolute air moisture content) according to the relative humidity and temperature of the heated air, and then converts the absolute air moisture content into the relative air moisture content (RH%) at the current ambient temperature, and finally the relative air moisture content The moisture content is sent to the server together with the absolute moisture content of the air and the temperature data before and after heating, and the finally calculated relative moisture content of the air is displayed on the display module. Since the temperature of the air does not change much before and after heating in this process, and the speed of the air flow caused by the rotation of the fan is also very small, the error caused by the air pressure change to the overall calculation is very small and can be ignored.

在本发明实施例中,预设湿度值可以根据实际情况进行确定,优选为95%。In the embodiment of the present invention, the preset humidity value can be determined according to actual conditions, and is preferably 95%.

本发明实施例中所说的欠饱和状态表示空气相对含水量小于100%的情况。The undersaturated state mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention refers to the situation where the relative water content of the air is less than 100%.

本发明的装置对空气含水量测量量程大,可实现对过饱和空气(即空气相对含水量RH>100%的情况)的测量。同时,整个计算的基础是饱和蒸气压的Magnus公式和相对湿度的定义公式,其中SDD(T)为饱和蒸气压,单位为百帕,a、b为常量参数不同条件下取不同值,r(T,TD)为相对湿度,T为摄氏温度,DD为蒸气压,TD为露点温度,单位为摄氏度,其中:The device of the invention has a large measurement range for the water content of the air, and can realize the measurement of supersaturated air (that is, the situation where the relative water content of the air is RH>100%). At the same time, the basis of the entire calculation is the Magnus formula of saturated vapor pressure and the definition formula of relative humidity, where SDD(T) is the saturated vapor pressure, the unit is hectopascal, a and b are constant parameters that take different values under different conditions, r( T, TD) is the relative humidity, T is the temperature in Celsius, DD is the vapor pressure, and TD is the dew point temperature in degrees Celsius, where:

根据实际环境温度的不同采用了不同的拟合参数,与真实结果拟合性好,精度高。Different fitting parameters are adopted according to the actual ambient temperature, which has good fitting performance and high precision with the real results.

本发明的测量装置整体运行可以基于自主研发传感器平台Ardu-SensorPlatform以及远程监测系统CFET,如图3所示。测量装置内置控制器运行ArduSensorPlatform,获取传感器测量数据同时控制电阻丝加热功率大小以及风扇开关,最终通过无线传输模块(GPRS、lora或ZigBee等)将数据远程传给PC监测端,协议采用Modbus-RTU。The overall operation of the measurement device of the present invention can be based on the self-developed sensor platform Ardu-SensorPlatform and the remote monitoring system CFET, as shown in FIG. 3 . The built-in controller of the measurement device runs the ArduSensorPlatform, obtains the measurement data of the sensor and controls the heating power of the resistance wire and the fan switch, and finally transmits the data to the PC monitoring terminal remotely through the wireless transmission module (GPRS, lora or ZigBee, etc.), and the protocol adopts Modbus-RTU .

本发明的整个装置轻便,便于移动和安装。操作人员既可在现场,也可通过访问服务器获取测量结果,方便智能,大大降低了测量成本。The whole device of the present invention is light and convenient to move and install. The operator can obtain the measurement results either on site or by accessing the server, which is convenient and intelligent, and greatly reduces the measurement cost.

本领域的技术人员容易理解,以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, All should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1.一种智能化空气含水量测量装置,其特征在于,包括:盛装器具、测量筒、电器盒及电源模块;1. An intelligent air moisture content measuring device is characterized in that it comprises: a dresser, a measuring cylinder, an electrical box and a power module; 所述测量筒、所述电器盒及所述电源模块均放置于所述盛装器具中;所述测量筒内部有第一温湿度传感器、风扇和加热电阻丝,所述测量筒两侧经滤网与空气连通,所述测量筒的底部与所述电器盒连接,同时在所述测量筒的外部所述盛装器具的内部放置第二温湿度传感器;所述电器盒中包括控制器;所述控制器分别与所述风扇、所述加热电阻丝、所述第一温湿度传感器、所述第二温湿度传感器及所述电源模块连接;The measuring tube, the electrical box and the power module are all placed in the container; inside the measuring tube are a first temperature and humidity sensor, a fan and a heating resistance wire, and the two sides of the measuring tube are passed through a filter In communication with the air, the bottom of the measuring tube is connected to the electrical box, and a second temperature and humidity sensor is placed inside the container outside the measuring tube; the electrical box includes a controller; the control connected to the fan, the heating resistance wire, the first temperature and humidity sensor, the second temperature and humidity sensor, and the power module; 所述控制器,用于获取所述第二温湿度传感器采集的相对湿度数据,若所述相对湿度数据小于等于预设湿度值,则将所述相对湿度数据作为最终测量结果;若所述相对湿度数据大于所述预设湿度值,则由所述加热电阻丝对所述测量筒内空气进行加热使其相对湿度变为欠饱和状态,同时由所述风扇使加热后的空气流过所述第一温湿度传感器,进而获得加热后的空气的相对湿度和温度数据,并根据所述加热后的空气的相对湿度和温度数据计算出绝对空气含水量,再将所述绝对空气含水量转换为当前环境温度下的相对空气含水量。The controller is configured to obtain relative humidity data collected by the second temperature and humidity sensor, and if the relative humidity data is less than or equal to a preset humidity value, use the relative humidity data as a final measurement result; if the relative humidity If the humidity data is greater than the preset humidity value, the heating resistance wire will heat the air in the measuring cylinder so that its relative humidity becomes undersaturated, and at the same time, the fan will make the heated air flow through the The first temperature and humidity sensor further obtains the relative humidity and temperature data of the heated air, and calculates the absolute air moisture content according to the relative humidity and temperature data of the heated air, and then converts the absolute air moisture content into The relative air moisture content at the current ambient temperature. 2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置还包括显示模块;所述显示模块与所述控制器连接,由所述控制器将待显示数据在所述显示模块上进行输出显示。2. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a display module; the display module is connected to the controller, and the controller displays the data to be displayed on the display module. The output is displayed. 3.根据权利要求2所述的装置,其特征在于,所述电器盒中还包括无线传输模块,所述无线传输模块与所述控制器连接,通过所述无线传输模块将测量结果发送到服务器。3. The device according to claim 2, wherein the electrical box further includes a wireless transmission module, the wireless transmission module is connected to the controller, and the measurement results are sent to the server through the wireless transmission module . 4.根据权利要求3所述的装置,其特征在于,所述电源模块包括蓄电池和太阳能电池板。4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the power module comprises a storage battery and a solar panel.
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