CN108801439A - A kind of sound field measuring device and measurement method - Google Patents
A kind of sound field measuring device and measurement method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108801439A CN108801439A CN201810750928.XA CN201810750928A CN108801439A CN 108801439 A CN108801439 A CN 108801439A CN 201810750928 A CN201810750928 A CN 201810750928A CN 108801439 A CN108801439 A CN 108801439A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sound field
- sound
- lens
- spot
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005315 distribution function Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007707 calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005314 correlation function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种声场测量装置，将激光器发射光线依次经过发射透镜、准直透镜、半透半反镜、声学换能器生成的声场以及反射镜反射后再次沿原路经过声场，由分光镜将光束偏转90°后，经过傅里叶变换透镜，在傅里叶变换透镜的后焦面上进行空间滤波处理，可实现声场成像，移动图像传感器至变换透镜后焦面并接收衍射光斑，可根据光斑间距计算声速，根据光斑强度分布计算声压；在声场和分光镜之间设置光阑，可用于测量部分声场区域的声压，本发明可实现透明流体中各种形式声场的成像，可定量测量平面声场、近似平面声场和声场中近似平面声场区域的强度，以及换能器校准，可实现脉冲波和连续行波平面声场或近似平面声场的测量，由于采用反射镜使光两次通过声场，提高了成像和测量的灵敏度。
The invention discloses a sound field measurement device. The light emitted by a laser passes through the sound field generated by the emission lens, the collimating lens, the half-mirror, the acoustic transducer and the reflection mirror in sequence, and then passes through the sound field along the original path. After the mirror deflects the light beam by 90°, it passes through the Fourier transform lens and performs spatial filtering processing on the back focal plane of the Fourier transform lens to realize sound field imaging, move the image sensor to the back focal plane of the transform lens and receive the diffraction spot, The sound velocity can be calculated according to the spot distance, and the sound pressure can be calculated according to the spot intensity distribution; a diaphragm is set between the sound field and the beam splitter, which can be used to measure the sound pressure in a part of the sound field area. The invention can realize the imaging of various forms of sound fields in transparent fluids. It can quantitatively measure the intensity of the plane sound field, the approximate plane sound field and the approximate plane sound field area in the sound field, as well as the transducer calibration, which can realize the measurement of the pulse wave and continuous traveling wave plane sound field or the approximate plane sound field, because the reflection mirror makes the light twice Through the sound field, the sensitivity of imaging and measurement is improved.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种声场测量装置及测量方法，属于超声技术领域。The invention relates to a sound field measuring device and a measuring method, belonging to the field of ultrasonic technology.
背景技术Background technique
声场的成像和测量广泛存在于应用于超声检测和超声医疗，尤其是超声诊断中，声压需要严格限制，不能超过规定值，为此，相关规定要求相关设备在使用前和使用中定期进行声场分布测量和声场强度定量测量，所以测量声场强度分布和准确定量测量声压显得尤为重要。The imaging and measurement of sound field are widely used in ultrasonic detection and ultrasonic medical treatment, especially in ultrasonic diagnosis. The sound pressure needs to be strictly limited and cannot exceed the specified value. Distribution measurement and quantitative measurement of sound field intensity, so it is particularly important to measure the distribution of sound field intensity and accurately quantitatively measure sound pressure.
传统的测量方法都具有一定的局限性，常见的测量方法有：Traditional measurement methods have certain limitations, common measurement methods are:
(1)水听器法：适用于各种流体中声场的测量。但该方法属于侵入式测量方法，且水听器要预先校准；水听器的引入使原来的声场发生变化，此法测量误差较大，尤其是高频声场的定量测量，且测量声压分布时效率较低；(1) Hydrophone method: It is suitable for the measurement of sound fields in various fluids. However, this method is an intrusive measurement method, and the hydrophone must be calibrated in advance; the introduction of the hydrophone changes the original sound field, and the measurement error of this method is large, especially the quantitative measurement of the high-frequency sound field, and the measurement of the sound pressure distribution low efficiency;
(2)基于辐射力天平测量的方法：连续声波垂直入射于反射靶，测量靶上接收到的声辐射力，计算声功率。该方法只能测量平面活塞换能器和圆孔径球面聚焦超声换能器辐射连续声波的声功率，而线聚焦声场声功率的测量目前还没有辐射压力和声压的定量关系，也不能用于精确测量脉冲声场的声功率和声压，不能用于测量声压分布。(2) The method based on the radiation force balance measurement: the continuous sound wave is vertically incident on the reflective target, the acoustic radiation force received on the target is measured, and the sound power is calculated. This method can only measure the sound power of the continuous sound wave radiated by the planar piston transducer and the circular aperture spherical focusing ultrasonic transducer, while the measurement of the sound power of the line focused sound field has no quantitative relationship between the radiation pressure and the sound pressure, nor can it be used for Accurate measurement of sound power and sound pressure in impulsive sound fields, cannot be used to measure sound pressure distribution.
(3)量热法测量声功率：超声对高吸收物质作用后产生的热量引起温度升高，测量温升，经校准和计算，得到声功率，温度变化还可以通过测量声速来确定。(3) Measurement of sound power by calorimetry: the heat generated by the action of ultrasound on high-absorbing substances causes the temperature to rise, and the temperature rise is measured. After calibration and calculation, the sound power is obtained. The temperature change can also be determined by measuring the speed of sound.
(4)自易法和互易法：对于互易的电声换能器，其接收灵敏度和发送响应之比为一常数，即为互易常数，分别测量若干对发射换能器-接收换能器排列对的换能器转移阻抗，应用互易常数可计算得到换能器的发送响应。进而理论计算出声场强度，很明显，该方法是一种换能器校准方法，不适合用于定量测量声场。(4) Self-reciprocity method and reciprocity method: For a reciprocal electro-acoustic transducer, the ratio of its receiving sensitivity to the sending response is a constant, which is the reciprocity constant. Several pairs of transmitting transducer-receiving transducer are measured respectively. The transducer transfer impedance of the transducer array pair can be calculated by applying the reciprocity constant to obtain the transducer's transmission response. Then theoretically calculate the sound field intensity. Obviously, this method is a transducer calibration method, which is not suitable for quantitative measurement of sound field.
(5)Michelson干涉条纹法：声场引起媒质折射率的变化进而影响Michelson 干涉条纹的变化，通过分析干涉条纹的变化，计算声压；或者通过Michelson干涉仪测量声辐射面的振幅估算换能器辐射声压。但是该方法只适合于50KHz以下的低频超声场的测量，0.3MHz以上的高频声场的定量测量比较困难。(5) Michelson interference fringe method: the change of medium refractive index caused by the sound field affects the change of Michelson interference fringe, and the sound pressure is calculated by analyzing the change of interference fringe; or the amplitude of the acoustic radiation surface is measured by Michelson interferometer to estimate the transducer radiation Sound pressure. However, this method is only suitable for the measurement of low-frequency ultrasonic fields below 50KHz, and the quantitative measurement of high-frequency sound fields above 0.3MHz is difficult.
(6)Schlieren方法：光束一次通过声场，可以进行声场的定量测量，但灵敏度相对较低，对于声光作用距离较短或声压较小的声场，测量灵敏度不高，经常无法测量。(6) Schlieren's method: the light beam passes through the sound field once, and the quantitative measurement of the sound field can be carried out, but the sensitivity is relatively low. For the sound field with short acousto-optic action distance or low sound pressure, the measurement sensitivity is not high, and it is often impossible to measure.
我们知道，在医学超声诊断和应用中，所用的超声波频率一般为兆赫兹量级，对于平面波声场，声场的衍射光分布呈一系列的亮点，亮点间距与声波长有关，光强度与声强有关，当相邻两个点能清楚区分时就可以对声场进行定量测量，而对于聚焦声场，其焦斑可以近似为平面波，也可以进行定量测量。We know that in medical ultrasound diagnosis and application, the ultrasonic frequency used is generally in the order of megahertz. For the plane wave sound field, the diffraction light distribution of the sound field is a series of bright spots. The distance between the bright spots is related to the sound wavelength, and the light intensity is related to the sound intensity. , when two adjacent points can be clearly distinguished, the sound field can be quantitatively measured. For the focused sound field, the focal spot can be approximated as a plane wave, and quantitative measurement can also be carried out.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提供一种反射式高灵敏度的声场成像和测量的装置与方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a reflective high-sensitivity sound field imaging and measurement device and method.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
一种声场测量装置，包括数据处理器、信号发生器、信号放大器、声学换能器、激光器、发射透镜、准直透镜、分光镜、反射镜、傅里叶变换透镜、空间滤波器、成像透镜以及图像传感器，所述数据处理器依次与所述信号发生器、所述信号放大器以及所述声学换能器连接，用于发射声波，产生声场，所述数据处理器与所述图像传感器连接，用于发射以及接收信号，所述激光器发射光线依次经过所述发射透镜、所述准直透镜、所述分光镜、所述声场以及所述反射镜后再次沿原路经过所述声场至所述分光镜将光束偏转90°后，再经过所述傅里叶变换透镜以及位于所述傅里叶变换透镜后焦面上的所述空间滤波器后，经过所述成像透镜，在所述图像传感器上形成声场的像，所述声学换能器辐射的声波传播方向与光传播方向垂直，光两次通过声场总的声光作用距离其中，λa为声波波长，λray为光波波长，声场成像后，将所述图像传感器移动至所述傅里叶变换透镜后焦面上用于接收待测声场的衍射光斑，所述数据处理器根据接收的衍射光斑对声场进行测量。A sound field measurement device, including a data processor, a signal generator, a signal amplifier, an acoustic transducer, a laser, an emitting lens, a collimating lens, a beam splitter, a reflecting mirror, a Fourier transform lens, a spatial filter, and an imaging lens and an image sensor, the data processor is connected to the signal generator, the signal amplifier and the acoustic transducer in turn, for emitting sound waves to generate a sound field, the data processor is connected to the image sensor, For transmitting and receiving signals, the light emitted by the laser passes through the emitting lens, the collimating lens, the beam splitter, the sound field and the reflector in sequence, and then passes through the sound field along the original path to the After the beam splitter deflects the light beam by 90°, after passing through the Fourier transform lens and the spatial filter located on the rear focal plane of the Fourier transform lens, through the imaging lens, and on the image sensor The image of the sound field is formed on the surface, the propagation direction of the sound wave radiated by the acoustic transducer is perpendicular to the direction of light propagation, and the total acousto-optic distance of the light passing through the sound field twice Wherein, λ a is the wavelength of the sound wave, and λ ray is the wavelength of the light wave. After the sound field is imaged, the image sensor is moved to the rear focal plane of the Fourier transform lens to receive the diffraction spot of the sound field to be measured. The data processing The detector measures the sound field according to the received diffraction spot.
还包括光阑，用于测量所述声场部分区域，在声场成像时，将所述光阑设置在所述分光镜以及所述反射镜之间，调整所述光阑位置和大小，使得仅待测量部分的声场被光通过。It also includes an aperture, which is used to measure the partial area of the sound field. When the sound field is imaged, the aperture is arranged between the beam splitter and the reflector, and the position and size of the aperture are adjusted so that only the The sound field of the measuring section is passed through by light.
声场位于透明液体介质中时，还包括液体槽以及位于所述液体槽底部的声吸收体。When the sound field is located in a transparent liquid medium, it also includes a liquid tank and a sound absorber at the bottom of the liquid tank.
一种声场测量方法，所述测量方法基于上述的一种声场测量装置，包括以下步骤：A sound field measurement method, the measurement method is based on the above-mentioned sound field measurement device, comprising the following steps:
(1)打开所述激光器，调节所述空间滤波器位置和大小至所述傅里叶变换透镜后焦点上，要求所属空间滤波器足够小，使所述图像传感器此时刚好为暗场；(1) Turn on the laser, adjust the position and size of the spatial filter to the rear focus of the Fourier transform lens, and require the spatial filter to be small enough so that the image sensor is just a dark field at this time;
(2)所述数据处理器同时向所述信号发生器发送激励信号以及向所述图像传感器发送延时曝光信号，激励信号激励所述信号发生器发射声波激励信号，经所述信号放大器放大后激励所述声学换能器发射声波，延时曝光信号激励所述图像传感器感光快门打开，进行感光成像；(2) The data processor sends an excitation signal to the signal generator and a delayed exposure signal to the image sensor at the same time, the excitation signal excites the signal generator to emit a sound wave excitation signal, which is amplified by the signal amplifier Encouraging the acoustic transducer to emit sound waves, the delayed exposure signal excites the photosensitive shutter of the image sensor to open for photosensitive imaging;
(3)根据不同的延时，得到不同时刻的声场的像，用于观测声场的动态变化；(3) According to different time delays, images of the sound field at different times are obtained for observing the dynamic changes of the sound field;
(4)将所述图像传感器移至所述空间滤波器所在平面，接收待测量区域声场的衍射光斑，然后根据衍射光斑的间距计算出声场在透明流体中的声速，根据衍射光斑的强度计算出声场的声压值。(4) Move the image sensor to the plane where the spatial filter is located, receive the diffraction spot of the sound field in the area to be measured, then calculate the sound velocity of the sound field in the transparent fluid according to the spacing of the diffraction spot, and calculate according to the intensity of the diffraction spot The sound pressure value of the sound field.
所述声压具体计算方法如下：The specific calculation method of the sound pressure is as follows:
根据获取的衍射光斑图像的光斑间距计算得到声速c＝faλrayf/Δu，式中，c表示声速，Δu表示光斑间距，fa为声频率，f为所述傅里叶变换透镜的焦距，λray为所述激光器发射的光线的波长；Calculate the sound velocity c=f a λ ray f/Δu according to the spot spacing of the acquired diffraction spot image, in the formula, c represents the sound velocity, Δu represents the spot spacing, f a is the sound frequency, and f is the frequency of the Fourier transform lens focal length, λ ray is the wavelength of light emitted by the laser;
根据获取的衍射光斑图像的光斑强度和声速计算得到声压沿光路的积分其中，Im为第m阶干涉光强，m大于等于1，αp为压光系数，ρ0为声场所在介质的密度，ps为光路上不同点的声压，由此可以计算出其中，L0为所述声学换能器沿光路方向的长度，psp为声压最大值， f(psp)表示声压最大值与声压沿光路的积分之间的关系，通过f(psp)求出psp，然后求出声场辐射分布函数，即可求出任意一点的声压。Calculate the integral of the sound pressure along the optical path according to the spot intensity and sound velocity of the acquired diffraction spot image Among them, I m is the interference light intensity of the mth order, m is greater than or equal to 1, α p is the calender coefficient, ρ 0 is the density of the medium where the sound field is located, and p s is the sound pressure at different points on the optical path, from which it can be calculated Wherein, L 0 is the length of the acoustic transducer along the optical path direction, p sp is the maximum value of the sound pressure, f(p sp ) represents the relationship between the maximum value of the sound pressure and the integral of the sound pressure along the optical path, through f( p sp ) Calculate p sp , and then calculate the radiation distribution function of the sound field, then the sound pressure at any point can be calculated.
当测量声场中部分区域的声压时，在声场成像时，将所述光阑放置在所述分光镜和所述声场之间，调整其位置与大小，使得仅待测量部分声场被光通过，根据衍射光斑的间距计算出声场在透明流体中的声速，根据衍射光斑的强度计算出待测量区域声场的声压值。When measuring the sound pressure of a part of the sound field, when the sound field is imaged, the diaphragm is placed between the beam splitter and the sound field, and its position and size are adjusted so that only the part of the sound field to be measured is passed by light, The sound velocity of the sound field in the transparent fluid is calculated according to the spacing of the diffraction spots, and the sound pressure value of the sound field in the area to be measured is calculated according to the intensity of the diffraction spots.
调节所述信号发生器的激励电压，接收不同激励电压下声场的衍射光斑，计算不同电压激励下的声场声压，得到激励电压和声压强度的关系，从而实现对所述声学换能器的校准。Adjust the excitation voltage of the signal generator, receive the diffraction spots of the sound field under different excitation voltages, calculate the sound pressure of the sound field under different voltage excitations, and obtain the relationship between the excitation voltage and the sound pressure intensity, thereby realizing the control of the acoustic transducer calibration.
本发明所达到的有益效果：本发明利用反射镜使光波两次通过声场，可以提高2倍成像灵敏度；经过傅里叶变换透镜，在傅里叶变换透镜的后焦面上进行空间滤波处理，可实现声场成像，移动图像传感器至变换透镜后焦面并接收衍射光斑，可根据光斑间距计算声速，根据光斑强度分布计算声压；在声场和分光镜之间设置光阑，可用于测量部分声场区域的声压，本发明可实现透明流体中各种形式声场的成像，可定量测量平面声场、近似平面声场和声场中近似平面声场区域的强度，以及换能器校准，可实现脉冲波和连续行波平面声场或近似平面声场的测量。The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention: the present invention uses the reflector to make the light wave pass through the sound field twice, which can improve the imaging sensitivity by 2 times; through the Fourier transform lens, the spatial filtering process is carried out on the back focal plane of the Fourier transform lens, It can realize sound field imaging, move the image sensor to the rear focal plane of the transformation lens and receive the diffraction spot, calculate the sound velocity according to the spot distance, and calculate the sound pressure according to the spot intensity distribution; set a diaphragm between the sound field and the beam splitter, which can be used to measure part of the sound field The sound pressure of the area, the present invention can realize the imaging of various forms of sound fields in transparent fluids, can quantitatively measure the intensity of the plane sound field, the approximate plane sound field and the approximate plane sound field region in the sound field, and the transducer calibration can realize pulse wave and continuous Measurement of traveling wave planar sound fields or near planar sound fields.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
图2是本发明使用过程中结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram during the use of the present invention;
附图标记说明：104用于发射声波的声学换能器；105激光器；106发射透镜；107准直透镜；108分光镜；109光阑；117液体槽；116声场示意图；115 声吸收体；111傅里叶变换透镜；112滤波器；113成像透镜；114用于接收光信号的CCD；110反光镜；102信号发生器；103激励信号放大器；101控制电脑。Explanation of reference numerals: 104 acoustic transducer for emitting sound waves; 105 laser; 106 emitting lens; 107 collimating lens; 108 beam splitter; 109 diaphragm; Fourier transform lens; 112 filter; 113 imaging lens; 114 CCD for receiving optical signal; 110 mirror; 102 signal generator; 103 excitation signal amplifier; 101 control computer.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, but not to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
如图1所示，一种声场测量装置，包括电脑101、信号发生器102、信号放大器103、声学换能器104、液体槽117、位于液体槽底部的声吸收体115、激光器105、发射透镜106、准直透镜107、分光镜108、光阑109、反射镜110、傅里叶变换透镜111、空间滤波器112、成像透镜113以及CCD114，电脑101 依次与信号发生器102、信号放大器103以及声学换能器104连接，用于发射声波，在液体槽117内产生声场116，如果是气体中声场的测量，则不需要该槽，电脑101与CCD114连接，用于发射以及接收信号，激光器105发射光线依次经过发射透镜106、准直透镜107、分光镜108、光阑109、声场116以及反射镜110后再次沿原路经过声场116、光阑109至分光镜108将光束偏转90°后，再经过傅里叶变换透镜111以及位于傅里叶变换透镜111后焦面上的空间滤波器 112后，经过成像透镜113，在CCD114上形成待测区域声场的像，通过调整光阑109的位置和大小，可用于不同区域声场测量，需要测量全部区域时，可以调节光阑109大小使光全部通过声场或去掉光阑即可，声学换能器104辐射的声波传播方向与光传播方向垂直，光两次通过声场总的声光作用距离其中，λa为声波波长，λray为光波波长，可产生多级衍射，声场成像后，将CCD114 移动至傅里叶变换透镜111后焦面上用于接收待测声场的衍射光斑，如图2所示，电脑101根据接收的衍射光斑的间距计算出声场在透明流体中的声速，根据衍射光斑的强度计算出测量区域声场声压值。As shown in Figure 1, a kind of sound field measurement device comprises computer 101, signal generator 102, signal amplifier 103, acoustic transducer 104, liquid tank 117, the sound absorber 115 that is positioned at the bottom of liquid tank, laser 105, emission lens 106, collimating lens 107, beam splitter 108, diaphragm 109, reflector 110, Fourier transform lens 111, spatial filter 112, imaging lens 113 and CCD114, computer 101 and signal generator 102, signal amplifier 103 and The acoustic transducer 104 is connected to emit sound waves, and the sound field 116 is generated in the liquid tank 117. If it is the measurement of the sound field in the gas, the tank is not needed. The computer 101 is connected to the CCD 114 for transmitting and receiving signals, and the laser 105 The emitted light passes through the emitting lens 106, the collimating lens 107, the beam splitter 108, the diaphragm 109, the sound field 116 and the reflector 110 in turn, and then passes through the sound field 116, the diaphragm 109 to the beam splitter 108 along the original path to deflect the light beam by 90°, After passing through the Fourier transform lens 111 and the spatial filter 112 positioned on the rear focal plane of the Fourier transform lens 111, through the imaging lens 113, an image of the sound field in the area to be measured is formed on the CCD 114, and the position of the diaphragm 109 is adjusted. and size, can be used for sound field measurement in different areas. When all areas need to be measured, the size of the diaphragm 109 can be adjusted so that all the light passes through the sound field or the diaphragm can be removed. The sound wave propagation direction radiated by the acoustic transducer 104 is perpendicular to the light propagation direction. The total acousto-optic effect distance of light passing through the sound field twice Among them, λ a is the wavelength of the sound wave, and λ ray is the wavelength of the light wave, which can produce multi-level diffraction. After the sound field is imaged, the CCD114 is moved to the back focal plane of the Fourier transform lens 111 to receive the diffraction spot of the sound field to be measured, as shown in the figure As shown in 2, the computer 101 calculates the sound velocity of the sound field in the transparent fluid according to the spacing of the received diffraction spots, and calculates the sound pressure value of the sound field in the measurement area according to the intensity of the diffraction spots.
具体声场测量方法，包括以下步骤：The specific sound field measurement method includes the following steps:
(1)打开激光器105，装置如图1所示，调节空间滤波器112位置和大小至傅里叶变换透镜111后焦点上，空间滤波器112足够小，使CCD112此时刚好为暗场；(1) Turn on the laser 105, the device is as shown in Figure 1, adjust the spatial filter 112 position and size to the Fourier transform lens 111 rear focus, the spatial filter 112 is small enough, so that the CCD112 is just dark field now;
(2)电脑101同时向信号发生器102发送激励信号以及向CCD112发送延时曝光信号，激励信号激励信号发生器102发射声波激励信号，经信号放大器103放大后激励声学换能器104发射声波，延时曝光信号激励CCD112感光快门打开，进行感光成像；(2) computer 101 sends excitation signal to signal generator 102 and sends delayed exposure signal to CCD112 at the same time, and excitation signal excitation signal generator 102 emits acoustic wave excitation signal, excites acoustic transducer 104 to emit sound wave after signal amplifier 103 amplifies, The delayed exposure signal stimulates the CCD112 photosensitive shutter to open for photosensitive imaging;
(3)根据不同的延时，得到不同时刻的声场的像，用于观测声场的动态变化；(3) According to different time delays, images of the sound field at different times are obtained for observing the dynamic changes of the sound field;
(4)调整光阑109的位置和大小，使仅待测部分声场被光通过；(4) Adjust the position and size of the diaphragm 109 so that only the part of the sound field to be measured is passed through by light;
(5)将CCD112移至空间滤波器112所在平面，装置如图2所示，接收待测量区域声场的衍射光斑，然后根据衍射光斑的间距计算出声场在透明流体中的声速，根据衍射光斑的强度计算出声场的声压值；(5) Move the CCD112 to the plane where the spatial filter 112 is located, and the device, as shown in Figure 2, receives the diffraction spot of the sound field in the area to be measured, and then calculates the sound velocity of the sound field in the transparent fluid according to the spacing of the diffraction spot, according to the diffraction spot Calculate the sound pressure value of the sound field;
声压具体计算方法如下：The specific calculation method of sound pressure is as follows:
根据获取的衍射光斑图像的光斑间距计算得到声速c＝faλrayf2/Δu，式中，c 表示声速，Δu表示光斑间距，fa为声频率，f2为傅里叶变换透镜111的焦距，λray为激光器105发射的光线的波长；Calculate the sound velocity c=f a λ ray f 2 /Δu according to the spot distance of the acquired diffraction spot image, where c represents the sound speed, Δu represents the spot distance, f a is the sound frequency, and f 2 is the Fourier transform lens 111 focal length, λ ray is the wavelength of the light emitted by the laser 105;
根据获取的衍射光斑图像的光斑强度和声速计算得到声压沿光路的积分其中，Im为第m阶干涉光强，m大于等于1，αp为压光系数，ρ0为声场所在介质的密度，ps为光路上不同点的声压，由此可以计算出其中，L0为声学换能器104沿光路方向的长度，psp为声压最大值， f(psp)表示声压最大值与声压沿光路的积分之间的关系，通过f(psp)求出psp，然后求出声场辐射分布函数，即可求出任意一点的声压。对于确定换能器，相关函数均是已知的。Calculate the integral of the sound pressure along the optical path according to the spot intensity and sound velocity of the acquired diffraction spot image Among them, I m is the interference light intensity of the mth order, m is greater than or equal to 1, α p is the calender coefficient, ρ 0 is the density of the medium where the sound field is located, and p s is the sound pressure at different points on the optical path, from which it can be calculated Wherein, L 0 is the length of the acoustic transducer 104 along the optical path, p sp is the maximum value of the sound pressure, f(p sp ) represents the relationship between the maximum value of the sound pressure and the integral of the sound pressure along the optical path, and through f(p sp ) Calculate p sp , and then calculate the radiation distribution function of the sound field, then the sound pressure at any point can be calculated. For certain transducers, the correlation functions are known.
(6)调节信号发生器102的激励电压，接收不同激励电压下声场的衍射光斑，计算不同电压激励下的声场声压，可以得到激励电压和声压强度的关系，从而实现对声学换能器104的校准。(6) Adjust the excitation voltage of the signal generator 102, receive the diffraction spots of the sound field under different excitation voltages, calculate the sound field sound pressure under different voltage excitations, and obtain the relationship between the excitation voltage and the sound pressure intensity, thereby realizing the acoustic transducer 104 calibrations.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变形，这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made. It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810750928.XA CN108801439A (en) | 2018-07-10 | 2018-07-10 | A kind of sound field measuring device and measurement method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810750928.XA CN108801439A (en) | 2018-07-10 | 2018-07-10 | A kind of sound field measuring device and measurement method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108801439A true CN108801439A (en) | 2018-11-13 |
Family
ID=64075845
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810750928.XA Pending CN108801439A (en) | 2018-07-10 | 2018-07-10 | A kind of sound field measuring device and measurement method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108801439A (en) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109781241A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-05-21 | 华南师范大学 | A device and method for high-precision measurement of ultrasonic field distribution based on photoacoustic effect |
| CN109900788A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-18 | 阜阳师范学院 | A device and measurement method that can be used for on-site measurement of sound absorption characteristics of acoustic materials |
| CN109974641A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-05 | 天津大学 | An acoustic detection device, system, method, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN110290454A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-27 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Microphone High Temperature Calibration System Based on Optical Method |
| CN110954207A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-04-03 | 重庆医科大学 | Detection device and detection method for focused ultrasound focus sound wave structure |
| CN112146747A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-29 | 重庆海扶医疗科技股份有限公司 | Method and system for testing acoustic power of focused ultrasonic transducer |
| CN112857560A (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-05-28 | 河海大学 | Acoustic imaging method based on sound frequency |
| CN113465719A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-01 | 西安交通大学 | Method and device for simultaneously measuring sound velocity and refractive index of fluid |
| CN114675232A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-06-28 | 天津大学 | A sound wave direction of arrival detection device, method and computer equipment |
| CN114689162A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-07-01 | 同济大学 | Optical holographic imaging system and method for ultrasonic field visualization and measurement |
| CN115290175A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-11-04 | 天津大学 | A kind of seawater sound speed measurement device, method and ocean ranging system |
| CN119619987A (en) * | 2024-12-09 | 2025-03-14 | 天津揽海慧听科技有限公司 | Acoustic wave detection device |
| CN119642956A (en) * | 2025-02-18 | 2025-03-18 | 天津揽海慧听科技有限公司 | Miniaturized laser sound field structure and hydrophone |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6530666B1 (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2003-03-11 | Intel Corporation | Focusing projection displays |
| RU2344409C1 (en) * | 2007-10-02 | 2009-01-20 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Научно-исследовательский институт телевидения" | Visualiser of density irregularities of medium |
| CN103308142A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-18 | 华南师范大学 | Method and device for measuring speed and frequency of ultrasonic traveling wave in liquid |
| CN105043531A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-11-11 | 河海大学常州校区 | Sound field measuring apparatus and method |
| CN105050020A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-11 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Free sound field device based on optical non-destructive monitoring technology |
| CN105352583A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-24 | 华南师范大学 | Optical method, device and application for measuring supersonic wave sound pressure and sound intensity |
| CN106970157A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-07-21 | 河海大学常州校区 | The Optical devices and method of transparent fluid and transparent solid internal acoustic field are observed simultaneously |
| CN107356320A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-11-17 | 天津大学 | A kind of impulse ultrasound sound field detection means and method |
-
2018
- 2018-07-10 CN CN201810750928.XA patent/CN108801439A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6530666B1 (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2003-03-11 | Intel Corporation | Focusing projection displays |
| RU2344409C1 (en) * | 2007-10-02 | 2009-01-20 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Научно-исследовательский институт телевидения" | Visualiser of density irregularities of medium |
| CN103308142A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-18 | 华南师范大学 | Method and device for measuring speed and frequency of ultrasonic traveling wave in liquid |
| CN105043531A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-11-11 | 河海大学常州校区 | Sound field measuring apparatus and method |
| CN105050020A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-11 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Free sound field device based on optical non-destructive monitoring technology |
| CN105352583A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-24 | 华南师范大学 | Optical method, device and application for measuring supersonic wave sound pressure and sound intensity |
| CN106970157A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-07-21 | 河海大学常州校区 | The Optical devices and method of transparent fluid and transparent solid internal acoustic field are observed simultaneously |
| CN107356320A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-11-17 | 天津大学 | A kind of impulse ultrasound sound field detection means and method |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| THORSTEN NEUMANN 等: ""Schlieren visualization of ultrasonic wave fields with high spatial resolution"", 《ULTRASONICS》 * |
| 姜学平 等: ""Schlieren Visualization of Acoustic Propagation Characteristics in a One-Dimensional Phononic Crystal"", 《CHIN. PHYS. LETT》 * |
| 姜学平: ""液体中声场的Schlieren成像及可视化"", 《豆丁文档网址-HTTPS://WWW.DOCIN.COM/P-1368612985.HTML》 * |
| 钱梦騄 等: ""Schlieren 成像和声场可视化"", 《应用声学》 * |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109781241A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-05-21 | 华南师范大学 | A device and method for high-precision measurement of ultrasonic field distribution based on photoacoustic effect |
| CN109900788A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-18 | 阜阳师范学院 | A device and measurement method that can be used for on-site measurement of sound absorption characteristics of acoustic materials |
| CN109974641A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-05 | 天津大学 | An acoustic detection device, system, method, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN112146747B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2022-01-04 | 重庆海扶医疗科技股份有限公司 | Method and system for testing acoustic power of focused ultrasonic transducer |
| CN112146747A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-29 | 重庆海扶医疗科技股份有限公司 | Method and system for testing acoustic power of focused ultrasonic transducer |
| CN110290454A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-27 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Microphone High Temperature Calibration System Based on Optical Method |
| CN110954207A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-04-03 | 重庆医科大学 | Detection device and detection method for focused ultrasound focus sound wave structure |
| CN112857560A (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-05-28 | 河海大学 | Acoustic imaging method based on sound frequency |
| CN113465719A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-01 | 西安交通大学 | Method and device for simultaneously measuring sound velocity and refractive index of fluid |
| CN114689162A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-07-01 | 同济大学 | Optical holographic imaging system and method for ultrasonic field visualization and measurement |
| CN114689162B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-08-04 | 同济大学 | Optical holographic imaging system and method for visualization and measurement of ultrasonic field |
| CN114675232A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-06-28 | 天津大学 | A sound wave direction of arrival detection device, method and computer equipment |
| CN114675232B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-23 | 天津大学 | Sound wave arrival direction detection device and method and computer equipment |
| CN115290175A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-11-04 | 天津大学 | A kind of seawater sound speed measurement device, method and ocean ranging system |
| CN119619987A (en) * | 2024-12-09 | 2025-03-14 | 天津揽海慧听科技有限公司 | Acoustic wave detection device |
| CN119642956A (en) * | 2025-02-18 | 2025-03-18 | 天津揽海慧听科技有限公司 | Miniaturized laser sound field structure and hydrophone |
| CN119642956B (en) * | 2025-02-18 | 2025-05-16 | 天津揽海慧听科技有限公司 | A miniaturized laser acoustic field structure and hydrophone |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108801439A (en) | A kind of sound field measuring device and measurement method | |
| CN107356320B (en) | A pulsed ultrasonic sound field detection device and method | |
| Mallart et al. | The van Cittert–Zernike theorem in pulse echo measurements | |
| CN105043531B (en) | Sound field measuring device and method | |
| US8649022B2 (en) | Interferometric material sensing apparatus including adjustable coupling and associated methods | |
| US8842290B2 (en) | Interferometric sensing apparatus including adjustable coupling and associated methods | |
| WO2016090589A1 (en) | Nondestructive measurement method and device for residual stress of laser ultrasonic metal material | |
| CN103471998B (en) | Thermoplastic material reflection and transmission coefficients laser measurement system | |
| CN106970157B (en) | The Optical devices and method of transparent fluid and transparent solid internal acoustic field are observed simultaneously | |
| Pulkkinen et al. | Ultrasound field characterization using synthetic schlieren tomography | |
| CN111466884B (en) | Optical coherent elastography device | |
| US8675203B2 (en) | Interferometric biological sensing apparatus including adjustable reference arm and associated methods | |
| US8675202B2 (en) | Interferometric sensing apparatus including adjustable reference arm and associated methods | |
| CN203414165U (en) | Laser measurement system for reflection and transmission coefficients of ultrasonic materials | |
| US7652773B2 (en) | Enhanced detection of acousto-photonic emissions in optically turbid media using a photo-refractive crystal-based detection system | |
| US20140128746A1 (en) | Interferometric biometric sensing apparatus including adjustable coupling and associated methods | |
| CN107748004A (en) | A kind of non-contact ultrasonic sound pressure detection device and method | |
| CN107255511B (en) | A disturbance-free calibration device and method for the detection sensitivity of a fiber grating sensor | |
| CN110290454B (en) | Microphone high-temperature calibration system based on optical method | |
| US20220047168A1 (en) | Device for optoacoustic imaging and corresponding control method | |
| Wang et al. | The application of scanning vibrometer in mappingultrasound fields | |
| Stewart | Ultrasonic measuring techniques | |
| CN111551503B (en) | Laser ultrasonic system and method for detecting elastic modulus of material in non-contact manner | |
| Messer | Pulsed ultrasonic doppler velocimetry for measurement of velocity profiles in small channels and cappilaries | |
| KR20200128785A (en) | Dual imaging system and method using single pulsed laser and semitransparent material |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20181113 |