CN108799394A - Dynamic vibration absorber and bump leveller group's system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of dynamic vibration absorbers, including rigid frame (100) and mass body (110), it is provided with cavity in the rigid frame (100), cavity inside space forms article containing space, the mass body (110) is mounted in article containing space, and the remaining space that mass body (110) is taken up space is removed in article containing space and forms filling space (120)；Mass body (110) is connected by following any structure or entire infrastructure with rigid frame (100)：Fill up the damping liquid (130) of filling space (120)；The elastic component (140) of setting.The present invention also provides a kind of bump leveller group's systems comprising above-mentioned dynamic vibration absorber.The present invention can be directly installed on by cementing equal various ways in the structure such as building, bridge, railroad rails, wind turbine tower body, not influenced on original structure, easy installation and reliable.

Description

Dynamic shock absorber and shock absorber group system

technical field

The invention relates to the field of vibration absorption, in particular to a dynamic vibration absorber and a vibration absorber group system.

Background technique

Vibration absorption is a measure to reduce unnecessary mechanical vibration in various types of machinery. In actual work, people often take measures to attenuate the vibration of only a certain key part of the machine and within a certain frequency range, so the vibration cannot be completely eliminated. The general vibration reduction measures include reducing the excitation effect, avoiding the resonance area, increasing damping and using shock absorbers.

Patent document CN207209687U provides a car bottom vibration-absorbing block, including an upper backing plate, a lower backing plate, and a vibration-absorbing layer. The upper backing plate and the lower backing plate are rectangular metal plates, and a vibration-absorbing layer is arranged between the two. The vibration-absorbing layer is provided with a through hole inside, and an annular groove is provided on the side wall. According to the self-report of the patent document, the advantages are: there are several springs inside the through hole, and the design of the springs enhances the vibration-absorbing capacity of the vibration-absorbing block; the side wall of the vibration-absorbing layer is provided with an annular groove, which increases the pressure of the vibration-absorbing block itself when it is under pressure. Space; the edge of the backing plate is designed with rounded corners, which improves the vibration-absorbing capacity of the vibration-absorbing block. The surface is engraved with diamond-shaped lines, which enhances the friction effect and facilitates the fixing of the vibration-absorbing block; the fixing hole is equipped with anti-vibration gaskets, which improves the working effect of the vibration-absorbing block. However, the structure provided by this patent document has a narrow application area and cannot be applied to construction, track and other occasions. On the other hand, it can only effectively absorb vibrations in the up and down directions, and has poor vibration absorption capabilities in other dimensions.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a dynamic vibration absorber and a vibration absorber group system.

According to the dynamic vibration absorber provided by the present invention, it includes a rigid frame and a mass body, a cavity is arranged in the rigid frame, and the inner space of the cavity forms a storage space, and the mass body is installed in the storage space, and in the storage space Remove the remaining space occupied by the mass body to form a filling space;

The mass is connected to the rigid frame by any or all of the following structures:

-- the damping liquid that fills the filling space;

-- Set the elastic piece.

Preferably, the damping liquid is a magneto-rheological liquid; the dynamic vibration absorber also includes a control magnet;

Control magnets are mounted on a rigid frame and/or mass.

Preferably, the control magnet includes an electromagnet, and the electromagnet installed on the rigid frame and the mass body form a first electromagnet and a second electromagnet respectively.

Preferably, a plurality of first electromagnets are wrapped on the outside of the rigid frame, and the plurality of first electromagnets are arranged in parallel and/or in series.

Preferably, the mass body comprises any one or more of the following structures:

-- Ferromagnet;

--Permanent magnets;

-- magnetizer;

--Non-magnetic conductor.

Preferably, the mass body is tightly connected or integrally formed with stoppers, and a plurality of stoppers are distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the mass body;

There is a channel gap between the block and the inner wall of the rigid frame, and the channel gap is used for the passage of magnetorheological fluid.

Preferably, the mass body is provided with through-hole flow channels, and the plurality of through-hole flow channels are all connected, partially connected or not connected.

Preferably, the mass body includes a rigid body and an embedded permanent magnet,

An external permanent magnet is arranged on the rigid frame as a control magnet.

Preferably, under the action of the control magnet, the magnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid gather to form a rotating shaft connected between the rigid frame and the mass body.

The present invention also provides a vibration absorber group system, which includes the controlled object and the above-mentioned dynamic vibration absorber, and one or more dynamic vibration absorbers are installed on the controlled object.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The present invention can be directly installed on structures such as buildings, bridges, railway guide rails, fan towers, etc. through various methods such as cementation, without affecting the original structure, and the installation is convenient and reliable;

2. The present invention has the potential to absorb and suppress vibrations in one-dimensional to six-dimensional directions regarding translation and/or rotation;

3. The present invention has self-adaptive ability, and can dynamically track and adjust or adapt to the optimal working state for the time-varying state of the controlled state;

4. The present invention can also form a vibration absorber group system through arraying or combination, which can more effectively absorb the vibration of large-sized controlled objects.

5. The present invention can realize the adjustment of its own damping in various ways, not only can effectively improve the frequency bandwidth of absorption vibration, but also adapt to the use requirements of complex environments.

Description of drawings

Other characteristics, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the vibration absorber group system;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the dynamic vibration absorber in the basic embodiment;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram when only the first electromagnet is set in embodiment 1;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation when only the second electromagnet is set in embodiment 1;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram when the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet are set at the same time in embodiment 1;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of dynamic vibration absorber in embodiment 2;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of dynamic vibration absorber in embodiment 3;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dynamic vibration absorber in the first preferred example of embodiment 4;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the dynamic vibration absorber in the second preferred example of embodiment 4;

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the dynamic vibration absorber in the third preferred example of embodiment 4;

Fig. 11 is a diagram of the internal structure of the dynamic vibration absorber in the space Cartesian coordinate system on the XY plane in Embodiment 5;

Fig. 12 is a diagram of the internal structure of the dynamic vibration absorber in the space Cartesian coordinate system on the YZ plane in Embodiment 5;

Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic vibration absorber absorbing torsional vibration.

The figure shows:

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In describing the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the referred device Or elements must have a certain orientation, be constructed and operate in a certain orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.

As shown in Figure 2, in the basic embodiment, the dynamic vibration absorber provided by the present invention includes a rigid frame 100 and a mass body 110, a cavity is arranged in the rigid frame 100, and the inner space of the cavity forms a storage space, and the mass The body 110 is installed in the storage space, and the remaining space in the storage space except the space occupied by the mass body 110 forms a filling space 120;

The mass body 110 is connected to the rigid frame 100 through any or all of the following structures:

- the damping liquid 130 filling the filling space 120;

--The elastic member 140 provided.

In practical applications, any one or more of the following can be adjusted according to the main vibration frequency band of the controlled object 240, the viscosity of the damping liquid 130, the elasticity of the elastic member 140, the mass size, distribution and material of the mass body 110, In order to realize the adjustment of the natural frequency of the dynamic vibration absorber itself, and then realize the frequency corresponding to the controlled object 240, the maximum energy is transferred to the dynamic vibration absorber 110, and the effect of no vibration or vibration attenuation of the controlled object 240 is achieved.

Preferred examples of the basic embodiment will be described below.

As shown in Figures 3 to 5, in Embodiment 1, the damping liquid 130 is a magneto-rheological liquid 150; the dynamic vibration absorber also includes a control magnet, and in this embodiment, the control magnet is an electromagnet, and the electromagnet is installed on rigid frame 100 and/or mass body 110;

The mass body 110 includes any one or more of the following structures:

-- Ferromagnet;

--Permanent magnets;

-- magnetizer;

--Non-magnetic conductor.

The electromagnet installed on the rigid frame 100 and the electromagnet installed on the mass body 110 are respectively defined as the first electromagnet 160 and the second electromagnet 170. Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show that only the first electromagnet is set The preferred structures in the three cases of providing the first electromagnet 160 , only the second electromagnet 170 , and the first electromagnet 160 and the second electromagnet 170 . In practical applications, multiple electromagnets can be set, and by combining on and off power for these electromagnets, they are loaded with a given electromagnetic field to realize the adjustment of magnetofluid damping. For example, under the same device volume, the magnetorheological Liquid 150 damping, or magnetic damping force/factor is maximized for the same volume. Preferably, the mass body 110 is given priority to selecting a material with a large specific gravity. Preferably, the electromagnet may be a simple electromagnetic coil, or an electromagnetic coil plus an iron core structure.

After adding electromagnetic attraction to the electromagnet, the change of magnetoelasticity and/or the change of stiffness can be realized. Specifically, when the magnetorheological fluid 150 and the elastic member 140 are used, the damping and stiffness can be controlled at the same time through the composite elastic change; when the mass body 110 is a non-electromagnetic body, only the damping changes; , such as non-magnetorheological fluid, only the stiffness changes.

As shown in Figure 6, in Embodiment 2, the mass body 110 is tightly connected or integrally formed with stoppers 180, and a plurality of stoppers 180 are distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the mass body 110, and the stoppers 180 and the rigid frame 100 There is a channel gap 190 between the inner walls, and the channel gap 190 is used for the passage of the magneto-rheological fluid 150 . On the cross section shown in FIG. 6 , one boundary of the channel gap 190 is in the shape of a square wave, that is to say, the channel gap 190 has a dimension variation in the width direction. On the one hand, the flow resistance of the narrower part of the channel gap 190 is increased, which can improve the magnetic damping; on the other hand, the upper end surface of the stopper 180 can effectively block the deposition of magnetic particles towards the inner wall below the rigid frame 100; Under the action of the external magnetic field, the magnetic particles are more likely to gather in the channel gap 190 , so that there is a tendency to solidify, forming the structure of the rotating shaft, and then absorbing the vibration of the corresponding dimension of the torsion.

As shown in FIG. 7 , in the third embodiment, the mass body 110 is provided with through-hole flow channels 200 , and the plurality of through-hole flow channels 200 are all connected, partially connected or not connected. When the magneto-rheological fluid 150 flows in the through-hole flow channel 200 , there will be resistance, so as to realize the adjustment of the magneto-rheological fluid damping.

In Embodiment 4, the dynamic vibration absorber can be any combination of the above-mentioned technical features. As shown in Figure 8, in the first preferred example, the mass body 110 includes a rigid body 210 and an embedded permanent magnet 220, a stopper 180 is arranged on the outer wall of the rigid body 210, and an external permanent magnet is arranged on the rigid frame 100 230 as a control magnet. In practical applications, the magnetic field strength and volume mass of the embedded permanent magnet 220 are determined depending on the vibration frequency, mass and bandwidth of the controlled object 240 . As shown in FIG. 9 , in the second preferred example, the above-mentioned embedded permanent magnet 220 and external permanent magnet 230 are replaced by the second electromagnet 170 and the first electromagnet 160 respectively. As shown in Figure 10, in the third preferred example, a through-hole flow channel 200 is also provided in the mass body 110, and the number of the second electromagnet 170 is set to be multiple, and the stopper 180 is replaced by an elastic 140 pieces. To sum up, in this embodiment, the elastic member 140, mass body 110, permanent magnet, electromagnet, magnetorheological fluid 150, magnetic circuit material, through-hole flow channel 200, various structural materials, dimensions, quality, and The magnetic combination mode, number, array arrangement, current/electromagnetic field application strength, etc. of the electromagnetic permanent magnets can be adjusted actively or passively to reflect the best effect or intelligent control effect on the time-varying controlled object 240 .

As shown in Figures 11 to 13, in Embodiment 5, a plurality of first electromagnets 160 are provided on the outside of the rigid frame 100, and the plurality of first electromagnets 160 are arranged in parallel and/or in series. The power on and off of each first electromagnet 160, on the one hand, can adjust the motion damping of the present invention in the translation direction, and play the function of absorbing the translational vibration of the controlled object 240; on the other hand, as shown in FIG. The energization of part of the first electromagnet 160 causes the magnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid 150 to gather in a certain area and appear solidified to form a rotating shaft structure, so that the mass body 110 can rotate to absorb the controlled Torsional vibration of object 240. In a word, under the constraint of single magnetic force or combined magnetic force, the mass body 110 can rotate around a symmetrical or asymmetrical axis, or control the stiffness change in the desired rotational direction, thereby realizing the control of vibration or torsional vibration. Therefore, the combination of translation and rotation in the present invention can realize the absorption of multi-dimensional vibration, and complete the suppression of the active or adaptive vibration of the controlled object 240 based on active damping or active stiffness adjustment. In addition, according to actual needs, it can be designed as a vibration absorption and suppression structure in one-dimensional to six-dimensional directions. Preferably, the rigid frame 100 is in the shape of a cube, of course, further preferably, the rigid frame 100 may also be in the shape of an ellipsoid, a sphere, a hemisphere, or an irregular shape.

As shown in Figure 1, the dynamic vibration absorber provided by the present invention can be directly installed on the controlled object 240 through fasteners, bonding, welding, magnetic force system, etc., without affecting the original structure. In practical applications, it can also be Embedded installation using existing structures, for example between two wings of an I-profile. Since the present invention has various installation forms and the vibration absorption dimension can be flexibly controlled, it can also be widely used in buildings, bridges, fan towers, machine tools, vehicles and other equipment. In addition, the dynamic vibration absorber has the self-adaptive ability. For the time-varying state of the controlled state, the dynamic tracking after detection by the built-in or external vibration detection sensor can be adjusted or self-adapted to the optimal working state. At the same time, the present invention also The vibration absorber group system can be formed by arraying or combining to more effectively absorb the vibration of the large-sized controlled object 240 .

The present invention also provides a vibration absorber group system, which includes a controlled object 240 and the above-mentioned dynamic vibration absorbers, and one or more dynamic vibration absorbers are installed on the controlled object 240 .

Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. In the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims (10)

1. A dynamic shock absorber, characterized in that it comprises a rigid frame (100) and a mass body (110), the rigid frame (100) is provided with a cavity, and the inner space of the cavity forms a storage space, and the mass The body (110) is installed in the storage space, and the remaining space in the storage space except the space occupied by the mass body (110) forms a filling space (120); The mass body (110) is connected to the rigid frame (100) through any or all of the following structures: - damping liquid (130) filling the filling space (120); --Arranged elastic member (140). 2. The dynamic vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, the damping liquid (130) is a magnetorheological fluid (150); the dynamic vibration absorber also includes a control magnet; The control magnets are mounted on the rigid frame (100) and/or mass (110). 3. The dynamic vibration absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that, the control magnet comprises an electromagnet, and the electromagnets installed on the rigid frame (100), the mass body (110) respectively form the first electromagnet (160 ), the second electromagnet (170). 4. The dynamic shock absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that, a plurality of first electromagnets (160) are coated on the outside of the rigid frame (100), and the plurality of first electromagnets (160) are connected in parallel and /or arranged in series. 5. The dynamic vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, the mass body (110) comprises any one or more of the following structures: -- Ferromagnet; --Permanent magnets; -- magnetizer; --Non-magnetic conductor. 6. The dynamic vibration absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that, the mass body (110) is fastened or integrally formed with stoppers (180), and a plurality of stoppers (180) are distributed on the mass body (110) on the outer peripheral surface; A channel gap (190) exists between the block (180) and the inner wall of the rigid frame (100), and the channel gap (190) is used for the passage of the magnetorheological fluid (150). 7. The dynamic vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, the mass body (110) is provided with a through-hole flow channel (200), and a plurality of through-hole flow channels (200) are all connected, partially connected, or Not connected. 8. The dynamic vibration absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that, the mass body (110) comprises a rigid body (210) and an embedded permanent magnet (220), An external permanent magnet (230) is arranged on the rigid frame (100) as a control magnet. 9. The dynamic vibration absorber according to any one of claims 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8, characterized in that, under the action of the control magnet, the magnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid (150) gather to form A rotating shaft connected between the rigid frame (100) and the mass body (110). 10. A vibration absorber group system, characterized in that it comprises a controlled object (240) and the dynamic vibration absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 9, one or more dynamic vibration absorbers are installed on the controlled object (240 )superior.