CN108799391B

CN108799391B - A kind of one-way damper of variable damping force

Info

Publication number: CN108799391B
Application number: CN201810574441.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨华
Original assignee: JIERUITE ELASTIC DAMPING BODY TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH CENTER BEIJING
Current assignee: Jieruite Elastic Damping Body Technology Research Center, Beijing
Priority date: 2018-06-06
Filing date: 2018-06-06
Publication date: 2019-12-03
Anticipated expiration: 2038-06-06
Also published as: CN110630669A; CN110630669B; CN108799391A

Abstract

The invention belongs to damper technique fields, more particularly to a kind of one-way damper of variable damping force, it includes tip circle disk, piston rod, damper springs, damping cylinder, bottom disk, piston mechanism, the sliding chamber of piston, and wherein the design of Fixing shrink ring, sliding ring set, ring set spring and ring set lid solves influence when piston rod slides in damping cylinder to the volume of the sliding chamber of piston in damping cylinder；Piston rod spring is by identifying different lower pressure, so that press strip squeeze adjustments block enters the difference of the amount in thin square tube, adjusting block enters the difference measured in thin square tube and makes the velocity of liquid assets that hydraulic oil allows in thin square tube different.Finally, compared with traditional one-way damper, the effect that one-way damper of the invention is able to achieve is: one-way damper is compressed faster, and the damping force of one-way damper is bigger, and one-way damper also just restores slower.

Description

A kind of one-way damper of variable damping force

Technical field

The invention belongs to damper technique field more particularly to a kind of one-way dampers of variable damping force.

Background technique

For traditional damper, they are typically all to realize: the work that can decay quickly after being impacted With having the effect of similar damping or deceleration.In general damper, damping force is all set, and is not easy It is changed by being arranged automatically.The damper of this damping force set is used in the machinery in face of complex working condition There is certain limitation in system, suitable damping force can not be adjusted according to complicated working condition.

Such as: in the public place more than flow of the people, when the person of pushing compared with great dynamics to push, often because of the person of pushing Suddenly leave or enter door, thereby increases and it is possible to which flow of the people is very big at this time, and the reset speed of sliding door is slower in this case, to push-and-pull The protecting effect of door is better, also has protective effect to immediately the subsequent people of the person of pushing；When door is pushed open by slow dynamics, often Flow of the people is little, it is desirable to such case Xiamen can cracking closing.But traditional door with auto-reset function, door is not After pushing open with dynamics, door is resetted with slow speed, and the speed of reset is unrelated with the dynamics to push the door open, is because this is used Damper be constant-damping power damper, in order to which the speed for allowing door to reset under different thrusts is different, so needing to damp The damping force of device can change according to thrust.

In order to solve the problems, such as that damping force cannot be changed in conventional damper automatically, so a kind of adjustable with regard to needing to design The damper of damping force.

The one-way damper that the present invention designs a kind of variable damping force solves the problems, such as above.

Summary of the invention

To solve drawbacks described above in the prior art, the present invention discloses a kind of one-way damper of variable damping force, it is It is realized using following technical scheme.

A kind of one-way damper of variable damping force, it is characterised in that: it include tip circle disk, piston rod, damper springs, The sliding chamber of cylinder, bottom disk, piston mechanism, piston is damped, damping cylinder is installed on indsole disk；Damping in cylinder has piston sliding Chamber；One end of piston rod is equipped with tip circle disk, and the other end is equipped with piston mechanism；Piston rod passes through damping cylinder；Piston mechanism position In the sliding chamber of piston, and piston mechanism slides on the sliding chamber of piston；Damper springs are nested on damping cylinder, and the one of damper springs End is mounted on tip circle disk, and the other end is mounted on the disk of bottom.

Above-mentioned piston mechanism includes frizzen, screwed ring, thick telescopic square tube, thick square tube, Fixing shrink ring, ring set lid, sliding Ring set, arcuate friction plate, connection ring, change, fixation guide tube, piston cylinder, thin telescopic square tube, thin square tube, press strip, is consolidated fixed strip Determine block, adjusting block, bootstrap block, rod aperture, the first annular groove, piston rod spring, fan-shaped sliding slot, arc guide barrel, ring set spring, slightly stretch Square tube hole, annular groove, thin telescopic square tube hole, the second annular groove, fan-shaped closure plate, arc guide block, bootstrap block square hole, connecting rod, pressure Bar, rectangular block, adjusting block sliding slot, straight guide groove, rectangular straight slot, press strip slide square hole, rectangle sliding slot, sliding block, sliding block spring, tooth Tooth, limited block, inclined-plane, limited block spring, limited block sliding slot, straight guide block, straight guide block spring, wherein piston cylinder is slidably mounted on resistance In the sliding chamber of the piston of Buddhist nun's cylinder；The cylinder bottom surface middle position of piston cylinder is equipped with fixed guide tube；It is provided on the periphery of fixed guide tube Press strip slides square hole；Fixing shrink ring is mounted on the inner cylinder face of piston cylinder, and the upside being located in piston cylinder；It is opened in Fixing shrink ring There is annular groove；Sliding ring set is mounted in annular groove；One end of six ring set springs is mounted on slip ring and puts on, the other end It is mounted on the kerve face of annular groove；Six ring set springs are evenly distributed in slip ring along circumferential direction and put on；Slip ring Set is by ring set spring slide in annular groove；It slides ring set and ring set lid is installed far from one end of ring set spring；Ring set lid Middle position be provided with rod aperture；The first annular groove is provided on the upper capping of ring set lid；The second ring is provided on the kerve face of first annular groove Slot；Fan-shaped sliding slot is provided on the upper capping of ring set lid；The middle position of the outer arcuate groove face of fan-shaped sliding slot is provided with arc guide barrel；Fan Thin telescopic square tube hole and thick telescopic square tube hole are provided on the kerve face of shape sliding slot；Thin telescopic square tube hole and thick telescopic square tube hole are located at The two sides of rod aperture；Thick square tube and thin square tube are separately mounted on the cylinder bottom of piston cylinder, and thick square tube and thin square tube are sliding with piston Chamber communicates；Thick square tube and thin square tube are located at the two sides of fixed guide tube；One end of thick telescopic square tube is mounted on thick square tube far from piston On the one end at cylinder cylinder bottom, the other end is mounted in thick telescopic square tube hole；One end of thick telescopic square tube is communicated with thick square tube, the other end It is communicated with fan-shaped sliding slot；One end of thin telescopic square tube is mounted on the one end of thin square tube far from piston cylinder cylinder bottom, other end installation In thin telescopic square tube hole；One end of thin telescopic square tube is communicated with thin square tube, and the other end is communicated with fan-shaped sliding slot；Fan-shaped closure plate sliding It is installed in fan-shaped sliding slot；The middle position of the extrados of fan-shaped closure plate is equipped with arc guide block；Arc guide block is slidably installed In arc guide barrel；Change is mounted in the second annular groove；One end of connection ring is mounted in change, and the other end passes through the first annular groove And screwed ring is installed；Screwed ring nesting is on the piston rod；The lower face of screwed ring is in contact with the upper capping of ring set lid；Screw thread Arcuate friction plate is installed on the periphery of ring；Arcuate friction plate is in contact with the upper capping of ring set lid, and arcuate friction plate with Fan-shaped closure plate matches.

One end that piston rod is not connected with tip circle disk passes through the rod aperture of ring set lid, and is mounted in fixed guide tube；Piston rod bullet On the piston rod, the other end is mounted on the bottom cylinder face of fixed guide tube for one end installation of spring；Piston rod spring is located at fixed guide tube In, piston rod is slided in fixed guide tube by piston rod spring；One end of press strip is mounted on piston rod close to piston rod spring One end periphery, the press strip that the other end passes through fixed guide tube slides square hole；Press strip slides on press strip sliding side by piston rod Kong Zhong.

Bootstrap block square hole is provided on the side of thin square tube；The position phase of the position of bootstrap block square hole and press strip sliding square hole It is right；Bootstrap block is mounted on the bottom cylinder face of piston cylinder by fixed strip；One end of bootstrap block is mounted in bootstrap block square hole；Rectangle Block is mounted on the side of bootstrap block；The adjusting block sliding slot of perforation is provided in bootstrap block；It is provided on the lower groove face of adjusting block sliding slot Straight guide groove；It is connected on bootstrap block on the side of rectangular block and is provided with rectangular straight slot；Rectangular straight slot is communicated with adjusting block sliding slot；Rectangle Rectangle sliding slot is provided on the side that is connected with bootstrap block on block；Rectangle sliding slot is communicated with rectangular straight slot；Adjusting block, which is mounted on, to be drawn In the adjusting block sliding slot of guide block, and adjusting block slides on adjusting block sliding slot；One end that adjusting block stretches out adjusting block sliding slot has oblique Face；Adjusting block is provided with limited block sliding slot on the side of rectangular block；Straight guide block is mounted on the lower face of adjusting block；Straight guide block position In straight guide groove；One end of straight guide block spring is mounted on straight guide block, and the other end is mounted on the groove face of straight guide groove；Straight guide block bullet Spring is located in straight guide groove；Straight guide block is by straight guide block spring slide in straight guide groove；The rectangle that sliding block is slidably mounted on rectangular block is sliding In slot；One end of sliding block spring is mounted on sliding block, and the other end is mounted on the groove face of rectangle sliding slot；Sliding block spring is located at rectangle In sliding slot；Sliding block has been evenly distributed multiple teeth on the side of adjusting block；Limited block is slidably mounted on the limit of adjusting block In the block sliding slot of position；One end of limited block spring is mounted on limited block, and the other end is mounted on the kerve face of limited block sliding slot；Limit Position block spring is located in limited block sliding slot；Limited block has inclined-plane far from one end of limited block spring；Inclined-plane on limited block with Teeth on sliding block match.

Above-mentioned press strip is matched with the inclined-plane on adjusting block.

One end of compression bar is mounted on sliding block far from the side of sliding block spring, and the other end is pierced by rectangular block and is equipped with connection Bar；Fixed block is installed on the inner headed face of Fixing shrink ring；One end of frizzen is mounted on connecting rod and is not connected on one end of compression bar, The other end passes through fixed block and ring set lid.

There is external screw thread on the periphery of above-mentioned piston rod, there is internal screw thread on the inner headed face of screwed ring；Outside piston rod Screw thread and the internal screw thread of screwed ring are mutually threadedly engaged.

Above-mentioned sector closure plate is matched with thin telescopic square tube hole and thick telescopic square tube hole respectively.

As the further improvement of this technology, there is spacing, then in piston rod spring between above-mentioned press strip and adjusting block When being uncompressed, press strip will not squeeze adjustments block；When piston rod slowly pushes, piston rod spring decrement is smaller, press strip It will not squeeze adjustments block；In piston rod depressed fast, and when piston rod spring decrement is larger, press strip just can squeeze adjustments block.

As the further improvement of this technology, hydraulic oil or machinery oil are housed in above-mentioned damping cylinder.

As the further improvement of this technology, above-mentioned frizzen is far from connecting rod and across one end of ring set lid to ring set lid Top surface between there is spacing, slide chamber when frizzen is damped in cylinder piston far from one end of connecting rod then ensuring that Top Cavity surface when squeezing, frizzen has the stroke of enough movements to make frizzen through moulded rod under connecting rod, and compression bar, which pushes, to be slided Block is mobile to sliding block spring direction, and sliding block spring is compressed；Teeth on final sliding block release the limit to limited block.

As the further improvement of this technology, the lower face that above-mentioned arcuate friction plate is in contact with ring set lid is rubbing surface； The upper face that ring set lid is in contact with arcuate friction plate is shiny surface, then arcuate friction plate can when arcuate friction plate is swung Swimmingly to be slided on the upper face of ring set lid.

As the further improvement of this technology, the upper face that above-mentioned sector closure plate is in contact with arcuate friction plate is friction Face；So the lower face of arcuate friction plate can drive sector by the strong friction power between the upper face of fan-shaped closure plate Closure plate slides in fan-shaped sliding slot；The lower face that fan-shaped closure plate and arcuate friction plate do not generate contact is shiny surface, then fan-shaped Closure plate can swimmingly slide in fan-shaped sliding slot.

As the further improvement of this technology, when piston mechanism is located at the top of the sliding chamber of piston in damping cylinder, sector is stifled Plate is located between the nozzle of thin telescopic square tube and the nozzle of thick telescopic square tube, and arcuate friction plate is located at the interposition of fan-shaped closure plate It sets.

As the further improvement of this technology, when the top slide of piston mechanism sliding chamber of piston from damping cylinder is to damping cylinder When the bottom of the sliding chamber of middle piston, arcuate friction plate is between 80 degree to 100 degree around the axis oscillating angle of screwed ring, such Design is, after arcuate friction plate swings to extreme angles, arcuate friction plate still can be with fan-shaped closure plate phase frictional fit. In addition during arcuate friction plate is moved toward limit swing angle, fan-shaped closure plate is along fan-shaped runner movement to extreme position After stop, fan-shaped closure plate blocks the nozzle of the nozzle of thick telescopic square tube or thin telescopic square tube, subsequent arcuate friction plate after Continuous swing will no longer drive drives fan-shaped closure plate mobile by frictional force.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the indicating positions such as term "inner", "lower", "upper" or position are closed System be orientation based on the figure perhaps positional relationship or the invention product using when the orientation or position usually put Set relationship, it is only for convenient for the description present invention and simplify description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must There must be specific orientation, be constructed or operated with specific orientation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, art Language " first ", " second " etc. are only used for distinguishing description, are not understood to indicate or imply relative importance.

The design of damper springs is, after tip circle disk is pressed down, under the reset force of damper springs, tip circle disk can To be restored to home position.

Fixing shrink ring in the present invention, annular groove, sliding ring set, ring set spring and ring set lid designed for In During piston mechanism is slided in damping cylinder by piston rod, the piston that the disengaging of piston rod can to damp in cylinder is sliding The volume of chamber, which generates, to be changed, and what the volume of the hydraulic oil in the sliding chamber of piston was no variation in；Make to solve piston rod disengaging The volume of the sliding chamber of piston leads to the problem of variation, so just designing: ring set lid pass through slide ring set and ring set spring slide in In annular groove, so that the volume of piston mechanism can follow the disengaging of piston rod and be changed, finally make piston sliding The volume of hydraulic oil in chamber will not change.The design of thick telescopic square tube and thin telescopic square tube is, moves up and down in retracting cylinder During, thick telescopic square tube and thin telescopic square tube can be stretched or be compressed, but thick telescopic square tube stretches with thin simultaneously Square tube can still be such that hydraulic oil flows through.

The design of piston rod spring is that, according to pressure under the difference of piston rod, piston rod spring can have different pressures Contracting amount allows piston rod ceiling molding to control the extruding to adjusting block according to the decrement of piston rod spring.

It is provided with the first annular groove and the second annular groove in middle ring upper shield of the present invention and connection ring, change and screwed ring are mutually pacified The design of dress is, during ring set lid moves up and down, ring set lid can drive screwed ring or more through change and connection ring It is mobile, and change will not be detached from from ring set lid；In addition when screwed ring rotates, screwed ring can drive change rotation through connection ring Turn, the rotation of change will not have an impact moving up and down for ring set lid.There is external screw thread, screwed ring on the periphery of piston rod Inner headed face on have internal screw thread, the effect that the external screw thread of piston rod is mutually threadedly engaged with the internal screw thread of screwed ring is, in screw thread During ring follows ring set lid to move up and down, the internal screw thread of screwed ring and the external screw thread of piston rod are under the cooperation of screw thread, spiral shell Line ring is rotated around the axis of piston rod；Screwed ring drives the rotation of arcuate friction plate.

The effect that arcuate friction plate is matched with fan-shaped closure plate is: arcuate friction plate can be driven fan-shaped stifled by frictional force Plate slides in fan-shaped sliding slot；The design of arc guide block is that arc guide block can follow fan-shaped closure plate to move, and ring set lid can To drive fan-shaped closure plate to move up and down through arc guide block, arc guide block prevents fan-shaped closure plate to be detached from from fan-shaped sliding slot.It is fan-shaped The effect that closure plate is matched with thin telescopic square tube hole and thick telescopic square tube hole respectively is that fan-shaped closure plate can be by thin telescopic square tube hole Or thick telescopic square tube hole is blocked, and then hydraulic oil will not be flowed through through thin telescopic square tube or thick telescopic square tube.

Press strip is from the effect that the inclined-plane on adjusting block matches: squeeze adjustments block is oblique under the different extruding force of press strip When face, the amount that adjusting block can enter in thin square tube according to different extruding forces is also different, and adjusting block enters in thin square tube The difference of amount makes the velocity of liquid assets that hydraulic oil allows in thin square tube different.Teeth on inclined-plane and sliding block on limited block match The effect of conjunction is: under the extruding of press strip, adjusting block enters in thin square tube adjusting block, and adjusting block drives limited block to thin square tube Direction it is mobile, the teeth inclined-plane on sliding block squeezes the inclined-plane on limited block, and limited block is extruded in limited block sliding slot, limits Block spring is compressed；As adjusting block enters the difference of the amount in thin square tube, limited block is rested on to be meshed with teeth on sliding block Position it is different；After adjusting block stops entering, limited block also stops the movement to thin square tube direction；So in limited block spring Reset force under, limited block has bevelled one end and stretches out limited block sliding slot to be meshed with teeth corresponding on sliding block, and limit Block is limited by corresponding teeth, so that adjusting block will not be from thin square tube after adjusting block is squeezed by the hydraulic oil in thin square tube Middle disengaging.The design of straight guide block and straight guide block spring is that during adjusting block enters in thin square tube, straight guide block is followed Adjusting block movement, straight guide block spring are compressed；After adjusting block is no longer limited, under the reset force of straight guide block spring, directly lead Block spring can drive adjusting block to be restored to home position through straight guide block.

The design of frizzen, connecting rod, compression bar, sliding block and sliding block spring is in the present invention, after frizzen is pressed down, Frizzen can push sliding block through moulded rod under connecting rod, compression bar, and sliding block spring is compressed；After so sliding block is pressed down, sliding block On teeth no longer limited block will be limited, and then adjusting block will be no longer limited.Sliding block spring can be under reset force Make sliding block is mobile to reset, sliding block drives compression bar to move up reset, and compression bar drives connecting rod and frizzen to reset.

When tip circle disk is not pressed down, damper springs are uncompressed, piston mechanism sliding chamber of piston in damping cylinder Top；The one end of frizzen far from connecting rod is in contact with the top Cavity surface of piston cunning chamber, and frizzen is not affected by piston cunning at this time The extruding of the top Cavity surface of chamber；Ring set spring is uncompressed, at this time the lower face of ring set lid to piston cylinder bottom cylinder face between away from From longest；Fan-shaped closure plate is between thick square tube nozzle and thin square tube nozzle；The inner cavity surface extruding of friction pulley and the sliding chamber of piston connects Touching；The caliber of thick square tube is greater than the caliber of thin square tube；Arcuate friction plate is located at the middle position of fan-shaped closure plate.

When being pressed down in tip circle disk, or moving up tip circle disk under damper springs reset force, piston rod is pulled Piston mechanism slides in the sliding chamber of piston of damping cylinder；When piston mechanism moves down, piston rod is entered in damping cylinder, position Hydraulic oil in piston mechanism lower space can be flowed into the upper space of piston mechanism by thick square tube and thick telescopic square tube In, due to the entrance of piston rod, the volume of piston mechanism upper space will relatively become smaller, in order to make up the space to become smaller, So in the case where the hydraulic oil in piston mechanism upper space squeezes, ring set lid is mobile to the cylinder bottom direction of piston cylinder, ring set spring It is compressed, the volume of piston mechanism will become smaller, and then compensate for piston mechanism upper space since entering for piston rod is become Small volume.When piston mechanism moves up, piston rod stretches out damping cylinder, the hydraulic oil in piston mechanism upper space It can be flowed into the lower space of piston mechanism through meticulous square tube and thin telescopic square tube, due to the stretching of piston rod, piston mechanism The volume of upper space will relatively become larger, in order to make up the space to become larger, then stretching under the reset response of ring set spring Contracting cylinder is mobile to the cylinder bottom direction far from piston cylinder, and the volume of piston mechanism will become larger, and then compensate for piston mechanism top The volume that space is become larger by the stretching of piston rod.

During piston mechanism moves down at the top of the sliding chamber of piston in damping cylinder, ring set lid is through change and connection Annulus moves screwed ring and moves down, and under the cooperation of screw thread, screwed ring is surrounded for the internal screw thread of screwed ring and the external screw thread of piston rod The axis of piston rod rotates, and screwed ring drives the rotation of arcuate friction plate, arcuate friction plate by frictional force drive sector closure plate to The position sliding of thin telescopic square tube, then sector closure plate blocks thin telescopic square tube hole；Hydraulic oil positioned at piston mechanism lower part It can not be flowed into the upper space of piston mechanism through thin square tube and thin telescopic square tube；Hydraulic oil positioned at piston mechanism lower part passes through Thick square tube and thick telescopic square tube are flowed into the upper space of piston mechanism.

During piston mechanism is moved up from the bottom of the sliding chamber of piston in damping cylinder, ring set lid is through change and connection Annulus moves screwed ring and moves up, and under the cooperation of screw thread, screwed ring is surrounded for the internal screw thread of screwed ring and the external screw thread of piston rod The axis of piston rod rotates, and screwed ring drives the rotation of arcuate friction plate, arcuate friction plate by frictional force drive sector closure plate to The position sliding of thick telescopic square tube, then sector closure plate blocks thick telescopic square tube hole；Hydraulic oil positioned at piston mechanism top It can not be flowed into the lower space of piston mechanism through thick square tube and thick telescopic square tube；Hydraulic oil positioned at piston mechanism top passes through Thin square tube and thin telescopic square tube are flowed into the lower space of piston mechanism.

When tip circle disk is slowly pushed, damper springs are compressed, and tip circle disk slowly pushes piston mechanism through piston rod, Almost very little, press strip will not squeeze adjustments blocks for the piston rod spring decrement in piston mechanism at this time.Under piston mechanism is slow During pressure, the hydraulic oil positioned at piston mechanism lower part flows slowly into the upper of piston mechanism through thick square tube and thick telescopic square tube In portion space.When damper springs reset tip circle disk under reset force, tip circle disk pulls piston mechanism upward through piston rod Movement；During piston mechanism moves upwards, the hydraulic oil positioned at piston mechanism top is through thin square tube and thin telescopic square tube It flows slowly into the lower space of piston mechanism, since adjusting block is not operating, so thin square tube is allowed hydraulic at this time Oily velocity of liquid assets is V1, and the speed that piston mechanism moves up is also V1, and the resume speed after one-way damper slowly pushes is V1, the stretching damping force of one-way damper are F1.Since the caliber of thick square tube is greater than the caliber of thin square tube, so same hydraulic Under the pressure of oil, the circulation of thick square tube is greater than the circulation of thin square tube, so that the speed meeting that piston mechanism moves up The speed moved down considerably slower than piston mechanism.This can make one-way damper of the invention have the easily difficult spy drawn of pressure Property.

When tip circle disk is by depressed fast, damper springs are by Fast Compression, and tip circle disk is through piston rod depressed fast piston machine Structure, the piston rod spring decrement in piston mechanism is big at this time, the inclined-plane of press strip squeeze adjustments block, under the action of inclined-plane, adjusts Locking nub is inserted into thin square tube, and the amount that adjusting block is inserted into thin square tube is big.Under the extruding of press strip, adjusting block enters adjusting block Into thin square tube, adjusting block drives limited block mobile to the direction of thin square tube, and the teeth inclined-plane on sliding block squeezes on limited block Inclined-plane, limited block are extruded in limited block sliding slot, and limited block spring is compressed；After adjusting block stops entering, limited block Stop the movement to thin square tube direction；So under the reset force of limited block spring, limited block has bevelled one end and stretches out limit Position block sliding slot is meshed with teeth corresponding on sliding block, and limited block is limited by corresponding teeth, and then adjusting block is limited；In During adjusting block enters in thin square tube, straight guide block follows adjusting block to move, and straight guide block spring is compressed.Work as piston mechanism During depressed fast, the hydraulic oil positioned at piston mechanism lower part flows rapidly into piston machine through thick square tube and thick telescopic square tube In the upper space of structure.When damper springs reset tip circle disk under reset force, tip circle disk pulls piston machine through piston rod Structure moves upwards；During piston mechanism moves upwards, the hydraulic oil positioned at piston mechanism top is stretched through thin square tube and carefully Contracting square tube relatively flows slowly into the lower space of piston mechanism, since the amount that adjusting block is inserted into thin square tube is big, so Thin square tube hydraulic oil velocity of liquid assets allowed is V2 at this time, and V2 is less than V1；The speed that piston mechanism moves up is also V2, The stretching damping force of one-way damper is F2, and F2 is greater than F1；The resume speed V2 after one-way damper depressed fast is less than at this time Resume speed after one-way damper slowly pushes is V1.

When tip circle disk is rapidly pushed, damper springs rapidly push piston machine through piston rod by Fast Compression, tip circle disk Structure, the piston rod spring decrement in piston mechanism is bigger at this time, the inclined-plane of press strip squeeze adjustments block, under the action of inclined-plane, Adjusting block is inserted into thin square tube, and the amount that adjusting block is inserted into thin square tube is bigger.Adjusting block is under the extruding of press strip, adjusting block It enters in thin square tube, adjusting block drives limited block mobile to the direction of thin square tube, and the teeth inclined-plane on sliding block squeezes limited block On inclined-plane, limited block is extruded in limited block sliding slot, and limited block spring is compressed；After adjusting block stops entering, limit Block also stops the movement to thin square tube direction；So under the reset force of limited block spring, limited block has bevelled one end and stretches Limited block sliding slot is meshed with teeth corresponding on sliding block out, and limited block is limited by corresponding teeth, and then adjusting block is limited Position；During adjusting block enters in thin square tube, straight guide block follows adjusting block to move, and straight guide block spring is compressed.Work as work During plug mechanism rapidly pushes, the hydraulic oil positioned at piston mechanism lower part is rapidly flowed into through thick square tube and thick telescopic square tube In the upper space of piston mechanism.When damper springs reset tip circle disk under reset force, tip circle disk is pulled through piston rod Piston mechanism moves upwards；During piston mechanism moves upwards, the hydraulic oil positioned at piston mechanism top is through thin square tube In the lower space for more flowing slowly into piston mechanism with thin telescopic square tube, since adjusting block is inserted into the amount in thin square tube more Greatly, so thin square tube hydraulic oil velocity of liquid assets allowed is V3 at this time, V3 is less than V2；The speed that piston mechanism moves up It is also V3, the stretching damping force of one-way damper is F3, and F3 is greater than F2；；Recovery speed after one-way damper rapidly pushes at this time Spending V3 less than the resume speed after one-way damper depressed fast is V2.

In conclusion when one-way damper of the invention is bigger by extraneous lower pressure, one-way damper compression speed It also can be faster；Press strip squeeze adjustments block enters the amount in thin square tube also can be bigger, the resume speed after one-way damper pushing It also can be slower；In short, the stretching damping force of one-way damper is related with the compressed speed of one-way damper: one-way damper quilt That compresses is faster, and the stretching damping force of one-way damper is bigger, and one-way damper also just restores slower.

During piston rod pulls piston mechanism to move up, piston rod spring is no longer compressed, and then press strip is not Squeeze adjustments block again.After the top surface of the sliding chamber of piston in piston mechanism and damping cylinder tight contacts between, frizzen is by the sliding chamber of piston Top surface is pressed down against, and frizzen pushes sliding block through moulded rod under connecting rod, compression bar, and sliding block spring is compressed；So sliding block is by under After pressure, the teeth on sliding block will no longer be limited limited block, and then adjusting block will be no longer limited；When adjusting block no longer by After limit, under the reset force of straight guide block spring, straight guide block spring can drive adjusting block to be restored to home position through straight guide block； After frizzen is no longer extruded, sliding block spring can make sliding block is mobile to reset under reset force, and sliding block drives compression bar to moving up Dynamic to reset, compression bar drives connecting rod and frizzen to reset.

Relative to traditional damper technique, Fixing shrink ring in the present invention, sliding ring set, ring set spring and ring set lid are set Meter solves influence when piston rod slides in damping cylinder to the volume of the sliding chamber of piston in damping cylinder；Piston rod spring passes through knowledge Not different lower pressure, so that press strip squeeze adjustments block enters the difference of the amount in thin square tube, adjusting block is entered in thin square tube The difference of amount makes the velocity of liquid assets that hydraulic oil allows in thin square tube different.Finally, compared with traditional one-way damper, this hair Bright one-way damper is able to achieve: one-way damper is compressed faster, and the stretching damping force of one-way damper is bigger, unidirectional to hinder Buddhist nun's device also just restores slower；Such design effect can be such that one-way damper of the invention is used for, because of complicated work Situation needs in the mechanical system of different damping power, substantially reduce in tradition machinery since it is desired that different damping power and need to change The case where damper, saves the cost of replacement different damping device.The configuration of the present invention is simple has preferable using effect.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is one-way damper schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 is one-way damper diagrammatic cross-section.

Fig. 3 is one-way damper section partial enlargement diagram.

Fig. 4 is piston mechanism scheme of installation.

Fig. 5 is piston mechanism installation schematic section elevation.

Fig. 6 is that piston mechanism installation section faces partial enlargement diagram.

Fig. 7 is ring set lid section (one) schematic diagram.

Fig. 8 is ring set lid section (two) schematic diagram.

Fig. 9 is change installation diagrammatic cross-section.

Figure 10 is fan-shaped blind structure schematic diagram.

Figure 11 is that arcuate friction plate and fan-shaped closure plate match schematic elevation view.

Figure 12 is arc guide block installation section schematic top plan view.

Figure 13 is ring set spring scheme of installation.

Figure 14 is Fixing shrink ring diagrammatic cross-section.

Figure 15 is piston cylinder diagrammatic cross-section.

Figure 16 is press strip scheme of installation.

Figure 17 is fixed guide tube structural schematic diagram.

Figure 18 is bootstrap block installation diagrammatic cross-section.

Figure 19 is bootstrap block structural schematic diagram.

Figure 20 is rectangular block architecture schematic diagram.

Figure 21 is compression bar scheme of installation.

Figure 22 is standoff features schematic diagram.

Figure 23 is straight guide block scheme of installation.

Figure 24 is that limited block matches section schematic top plan view with teeth.

Figure 25 is straight guide block spring installation schematic section elevation.

Figure 26 is sliding block spring installation schematic section elevation.

Figure label title: 1, tip circle disk；2, piston rod；3, damper springs；4, cylinder is damped；5, bottom disk；6, piston Mechanism；7, the sliding chamber of piston；8, frizzen；9, screwed ring；10, thick telescopic square tube；12, thick square tube；13, Fixing shrink ring；14, ring set Lid；15, ring set is slided；16, fixed strip；17, arcuate friction plate；18, connection ring；19, change；20, fixed guide tube；21, piston Cylinder；22, thin telescopic square tube；23, thin square tube；24, press strip；25, fixed block；26, adjusting block；27, bootstrap block；28, rod aperture；29, First annular groove；30, piston rod spring；31, fan-shaped sliding slot；32, arc guide barrel；33, ring set spring；34, thick telescopic square tube hole； 35, annular groove；36, thin telescopic square tube hole；37, the second annular groove；39, fan-shaped closure plate；40, arc guide block；41, bootstrap block side Hole；42, connecting rod；43, compression bar；44, rectangular block；45, adjusting block sliding slot；46, straight guide groove；47, rectangular straight slot；48, press strip is sliding Dynamic square hole；49, rectangle sliding slot；50, sliding block；51, sliding block spring；52, teeth；53, limited block；54, inclined-plane；55, limited block bullet Spring；56, limited block sliding slot；57, straight guide block；58, straight guide block spring.

Specific embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, 2, it includes tip circle disk 1, piston rod 2, damper springs 3, damping cylinder 4, bottom disk 5, piston machine The sliding chamber 7 of structure 6, piston is equipped with damping cylinder 4 as shown in Figure 1, 2 on indsole disk 5；Damping in cylinder 4 has the sliding chamber 7 of piston； As shown in Figure 4,5, one end of piston rod 2 is equipped with tip circle disk 1, and the other end is equipped with piston mechanism 6；As shown in Fig. 2, piston rod 2 pass through damping cylinder 4；Piston mechanism 6 is located in the sliding chamber 7 of piston, and piston mechanism 6 slides on the sliding chamber 7 of piston；As shown in Figure 1, resistance Buddhist nun's device spring 3 is nested on damping cylinder 4, and one end of damper springs 3 is mounted on tip circle disk 1, and the other end is mounted on bottom disk 5 On.

As shown in Fig. 3,6,8, above-mentioned piston mechanism 6 include frizzen 8, screwed ring 9, thick telescopic square tube 10, thick square tube 12, Fixing shrink ring 13, ring set lid 14, sliding ring set 15, fixed strip 16, arcuate friction plate 17, connection ring 18, change 19, fixed guide tube 20, piston cylinder 21, thin telescopic square tube 22, thin square tube 23, press strip 24, fixed block 25, adjusting block 26, bootstrap block 27, rod aperture 28, One annular groove 29, piston rod spring 30, fan-shaped sliding slot 31, arc guide barrel 32, ring set spring 33, thick telescopic square tube hole 34, annular are sliding Slot 35, thin telescopic square tube hole 36, the second annular groove 37, fan-shaped closure plate 39, arc guide block 40, bootstrap block square hole 41, connecting rod 42, pressure Bar 43, rectangular block 44, adjusting block sliding slot 45, straight guide groove 46, rectangular straight slot 47, press strip slide square hole 48, rectangle sliding slot 49, sliding block 50, sliding block spring 51, teeth 52, limited block 53, inclined-plane 54, limited block spring 55, limited block sliding slot 56, straight guide block 57, directly lead Block spring 58, as shown in Figure 2,3, wherein piston cylinder 21 is slidably mounted in the sliding chamber 7 of piston of damping cylinder 4；As shown in figure 15, living The cylinder bottom surface middle position of plug tube 21 is equipped with fixed guide tube 20；As shown in figure 17, pressure is provided on the periphery of fixed guide tube 20 Item slides square hole 48；As shown in Fig. 3,14, Fixing shrink ring 13 is mounted on the inner cylinder face of piston cylinder 21, and is located in piston cylinder 21 Upside；Annular groove 35 is provided in Fixing shrink ring 13；As shown in Fig. 3,13, sliding ring set 15 is mounted in annular groove 35； As shown in Fig. 6,13, one end of six ring set springs 33 is mounted on sliding ring set 15, and the other end is mounted on annular groove 35 On kerve face；Six ring set springs 33 are evenly distributed in along circumferential direction on sliding ring set 15；Sliding ring set 15 passes through ring set Spring 33 slides in annular groove 35；As shown in figure 3, sliding ring set 15 is equipped with ring set lid far from one end of ring set spring 33 14；As shown in Figure 6,7, the middle position of ring set lid 14 is provided with rod aperture 28；The first annular groove 29 is provided on the upper capping of ring set lid 14； The second annular groove 37 is provided on the kerve face of first annular groove 29；Fan-shaped sliding slot 31 is provided on the upper capping of ring set lid 14；Fan-shaped sliding slot The middle position of 31 outer arcuate groove face is provided with arc guide barrel 32；Thin telescopic square tube hole 36 is provided on the kerve face of fan-shaped sliding slot 31 With thick telescopic square tube hole 34；Thin telescopic square tube hole 36 and thick telescopic square tube hole 34 are located at the two sides of rod aperture 28；As shown in figure 15, slightly Square tube 12 and thin square tube 23 are separately mounted on the cylinder bottom of piston cylinder 21, and thick square tube 12 and thin square tube 23 slide chamber 7 with piston It communicates；Thick square tube 12 and thin square tube 23 are located at the two sides of fixed guide tube 20；As shown in Fig. 6,15, one end of thick telescopic square tube 10 is pacified On the thick one end of square tube 12 far from 21 bottoms of piston cylinder, the other end is mounted in thick telescopic square tube hole 34；Thick telescopic square tube 10 one end is communicated with thick square tube 12, and the other end is communicated with fan-shaped sliding slot 31；One end of thin telescopic square tube 22 is mounted on thin square tube On 23 one end far from 21 bottoms of piston cylinder, the other end is installed in thin telescopic square tube hole 36；One end of thin telescopic square tube 22 and thin Square tube 23 communicates, and the other end is communicated with fan-shaped sliding slot 31；As shown in Fig. 7,10,12, fan-shaped closure plate 39 is slidably mounted on fan-shaped cunning In slot 31；The middle position of the extrados of fan-shaped closure plate 39 is equipped with arc guide block 40；Arc guide block 40 is slidably mounted on arc In shape guide groove 32；As shown in Fig. 6,8,9, change 19 is mounted in the second annular groove 37；One end of connection ring 18 is mounted on change 19 On, the other end passes through the first annular groove 29 and is equipped with screwed ring 9；Screwed ring 9 is nested on piston rod 2；The lower face of screwed ring 9 It is in contact with the upper capping of ring set lid 14；Arcuate friction plate 17 is installed on the periphery of screwed ring 9；Arcuate friction plate 17 and ring The upper capping of upper shield 14 is in contact, and arcuate friction plate 17 is matched with fan-shaped closure plate 39.

As shown in figure 3, one end that piston rod 2 is not connected with tip circle disk 1 passes through the rod aperture 28 of ring set lid 14, and it is mounted on fixation In guide tube 20；As shown in Fig. 6,16, one end of piston rod spring 30 is mounted on piston rod 2, and the other end is mounted on fixed guide tube On 20 bottom cylinder face；Piston rod spring 30 is located in fixed guide tube 20, and piston rod 2 slides on fixation by piston rod spring 30 and leads In cylinder 20；One end of press strip 24 is mounted on one end periphery of the piston rod 2 close to piston rod spring 30, and the other end passes through fixation and leads The press strip of cylinder 20 slides square hole 48；Press strip 24 slides on press strip by piston rod 2 and slides in square hole 48.

As shown in figure 13, bootstrap block square hole 41 is provided on the side of thin square tube 23；The position of bootstrap block square hole 41 and press strip The position for sliding square hole 48 is opposite；As shown in Figure 15,17, bootstrap block 27 is mounted on the bottom cylinder face of piston cylinder 21 by fixed strip 16 On；As shown in Figure 17,18, one end of bootstrap block 27 is mounted in bootstrap block square hole 41；Rectangular block 44 is mounted on bootstrap block 27 On side；As shown in Figure 18,19, the adjusting block sliding slot 45 of perforation is provided in bootstrap block 27；On the lower groove face of adjusting block sliding slot 45 It is provided with straight guide groove 46；It is connected on bootstrap block 27 on the side of rectangular block 44 and is provided with rectangular straight slot 47；Rectangular straight slot 47 and adjusting Block sliding slot 45 communicates；As shown in Figure 18,20, being connected on side on rectangular block 44 with bootstrap block 27 is provided with rectangle sliding slot 49； Rectangle sliding slot 49 is communicated with rectangular straight slot 47；As shown in Figure 23,25, adjusting block 26 is mounted on the adjusting block sliding slot 45 of bootstrap block 27 In, and adjusting block 26 slides on adjusting block sliding slot 45；One end that adjusting block 26 stretches out adjusting block sliding slot 45 has inclined-plane 54；It adjusts Block 26 is provided with limited block sliding slot 56 on the side of rectangular block 44；Straight guide block 57 is mounted on the lower face of adjusting block 26；Directly lead Block 57 is located in straight guide groove 46；One end of straight guide block spring 58 is mounted on straight guide block 57, and the other end is mounted on straight guide groove 46 On groove face；Straight guide block spring 58 is located in straight guide groove 46；Straight guide block 57 slides on straight guide groove 46 by straight guide block spring 58；Such as figure 21, shown in 26, sliding block 50 is slidably mounted in the rectangle sliding slot 49 of rectangular block 44；One end of sliding block spring 51 is mounted on sliding block 50 On, the other end is mounted on the groove face of rectangle sliding slot 49；Sliding block spring 51 is located in rectangle sliding slot 49；It is sliding as shown in Figure 21,24 Block 50 has been evenly distributed multiple teeth 52 on the side of adjusting block 26；As shown in Figure 22,24, limited block 53 is slidably installed In the limited block sliding slot 56 of adjusting block 26；One end of limited block spring 55 is mounted on limited block 53, and the other end is mounted on limit On the kerve face of position block sliding slot 56；Limited block spring 55 is located in limited block sliding slot 56；Limited block 53 is far from limited block spring 55 One end have inclined-plane 54；Inclined-plane 54 on limited block 53 is matched with the teeth 52 on sliding block 50.

As shown in fig. 6, above-mentioned press strip 24 is matched with the inclined-plane 54 on adjusting block 26.

As shown in Figure 21,26, one end of compression bar 43 is mounted on side of the sliding block 50 far from sliding block spring 51, and the other end is worn Rectangular block 44 and connecting rod 42 is installed out；As shown in figure 14, fixed block 25 is installed on the inner headed face of Fixing shrink ring 13；Triggering One end of bar 8 is mounted on connecting rod 42 and is not connected on one end of compression bar 43, as shown in fig. 6, the other end passes through fixed block 25 and ring Upper shield 14.

There is external screw thread on the periphery of above-mentioned piston rod 2, there is internal screw thread on the inner headed face of screwed ring 9；Piston rod 2 External screw thread and the internal screw thread of screwed ring 9 are mutually threadedly engaged.

Above-mentioned sector closure plate 39 is matched with thin telescopic square tube hole 36 and thick telescopic square tube hole 34 respectively.

As shown in fig. 6, there is spacing, then being uncompressed in piston rod spring 30 between above-mentioned press strip 24 and adjusting block 26 When, press strip 24 will not squeeze adjustments block 26；When piston rod 2 slowly pushes, 30 decrement of piston rod spring is smaller, press strip 24 It will not squeeze adjustments block 26；In 2 depressed fast of piston rod, and when 30 decrement of piston rod spring is larger, press strip 24 can just be squeezed Adjusting block 26.

Hydraulic oil or machinery oil are housed in above-mentioned damping cylinder 4.

Above-mentioned frizzen 8 is far from connecting rod 42 and across one end of ring set lid 14 between having the top surface of ring set lid 14 Away from then ensuring that the top Cavity surface for being damped the sliding chamber 7 of piston in cylinder 4 far from one end of connecting rod 42 when frizzen 8 squeezes When, frizzen 8 has the stroke of enough movements to make frizzen 8 through the lower moulded rod 43 of connecting rod 42, and compression bar 43 pushes sliding block 50 Mobile to 51 direction of sliding block spring, sliding block spring 51 is compressed；Teeth 52 on final sliding block 50 release the limit to limited block 53 Position.

As shown in Fig. 9,11, the lower face that above-mentioned arcuate friction plate 17 is in contact with ring set lid 14 is rubbing surface；Ring set lid 14 upper faces being in contact with arcuate friction plate 17 are shiny surface, then when arcuate friction plate 17 is swung, arcuate friction plate 17 It can swimmingly be slided on the upper face of ring set lid 14.

As shown in Figure 10,11, the upper face that above-mentioned sector closure plate 39 is in contact with arcuate friction plate 17 is rubbing surface；So The lower face of arcuate friction plate 17 can be driven fan-shaped stifled by the strong friction power between the upper face of fan-shaped closure plate 39 Plate 39 slides in fan-shaped sliding slot 31；The lower face that fan-shaped closure plate 39 does not generate contact with arcuate friction plate 17 is shiny surface, that Fan-shaped closure plate 39 can swimmingly slide in fan-shaped sliding slot 31.

When piston mechanism 6 is located at the top of the sliding chamber 7 of piston in damping cylinder 4, as shown in figure 11, fan-shaped closure plate 39 is located at thin Between the nozzle of telescopic square tube 22 and the nozzle of thick telescopic square tube 10, arcuate friction plate 17 is located at the interposition of fan-shaped closure plate 39 It sets.

When piston mechanism 6 slides the bottom that the top slide of chamber 7 piston into damping cylinder 4 slides chamber 7 from piston in damping cylinder 4 When, arcuate friction plate 17 is between 80 degree to 100 degree around the axis oscillating angle of screwed ring 9, and such design is, in arc After shape friction plate 17 swings to extreme angles, arcuate friction plate 17 still can be with fan-shaped 39 phase frictional fit of closure plate.In addition exist During arcuate friction plate 17 is moved toward limit swing angle, fan-shaped closure plate 39 moves to extreme position along fan-shaped sliding slot 31 After stop, fan-shaped closure plate 39 blocks the nozzle of the nozzle of thick telescopic square tube 10 or thin telescopic square tube 22, subsequent arcuate friction The continuing to swing no longer to drive of plate 17 drives fan-shaped closure plate 39 mobile by frictional force.

The design of damper springs 3 is, after tip circle disk 1 is pressed down, under the reset force of damper springs 3, and tip circle Disk 1 can be restored to home position.

The design mesh of Fixing shrink ring 13, annular groove 35, sliding ring set 15, ring set spring 33 and ring set lid 14 in the present invention Be, piston mechanism 6 by piston rod 2 slide on damping cylinder 4 in during, the disengaging of piston rod 2 can to hinder The volume of the sliding chamber 7 of piston in Buddhist nun's cylinder 4, which generates, to be changed, and what the volume of the hydraulic oil in the sliding chamber 7 of piston was no variation in；In order to Solving the problems, such as that piston rod 2 passes in and out makes the volume of the sliding chamber 7 of piston generate variation, so just designing: ring set lid 14 passes through sliding Ring set 15 and ring set spring 33 slide in annular groove 35, so that the volume of piston mechanism 6 can follow piston rod 2 It passes in and out and is changed, finally will not change the volume of the hydraulic oil in the sliding chamber 7 of piston.Thick telescopic square tube 10 and thin flexible side The design of pipe 22 is, during retracting cylinder moves up and down, thick telescopic square tube 10 and thin telescopic square tube 22 can be stretched Or it is compressed, but thick telescopic square tube 10 and thin telescopic square tube 22 can still be such that hydraulic oil flows through simultaneously.

The design of piston rod spring 30 is that, according to pressure under the difference of piston rod 2, piston rod spring 30 can be different Decrement, allow 2 ceiling molding 24 of piston rod controlled according to the decrement of piston rod spring 30 to adjusting block 26 squeeze Pressure.

The first annular groove 29 and the second annular groove 37 and connection ring 18, change 19 and spiral shell are provided in middle ring upper shield 14 of the present invention The design that line ring 9 is mutually installed is, during ring set lid 14 moves up and down, ring set lid 14 can be through change 19 and connection Ring 18 drives screwed ring 9 to move up and down, and change 19 will not be detached from from ring set lid 14；In addition when screwed ring 9 rotates, screw thread Ring 9 can drive change 19 to rotate through connection ring 18, and the rotation of change 19 will not have an impact moving up and down for ring set lid 14. There is external screw thread on the periphery of piston rod 2, there is internal screw thread, the external screw thread and screw thread of piston rod 2 on the inner headed face of screwed ring 9 The effect that the internal screw thread of ring 9 is mutually threadedly engaged is, during screwed ring 9 follows ring set lid 14 to move up and down, screwed ring 9 Under the cooperation of screw thread, screwed ring 9 rotates the external screw thread of internal screw thread and piston rod 2 around the axis of piston rod 2；9 band of screwed ring Dynamic arcuate friction plate 17 rotates.

The effect that arcuate friction plate 17 is matched with fan-shaped closure plate 39 is: arcuate friction plate 17 can be driven by frictional force Fan-shaped closure plate 39 slides in fan-shaped sliding slot 31；The design of arc guide block 40 is that arc guide block 40 can follow fan-shaped closure plate 39 movements, and ring set lid 14 can drive fan-shaped closure plate 39 to move up and down through arc guide block 40, arc guide block 40 prevents sector Closure plate 39 is detached from from fan-shaped sliding slot 31.Fan-shaped closure plate 39 is matched with thin telescopic square tube hole 36 and thick telescopic square tube hole 34 respectively Effect be that fan-shaped closure plate 39 can block thin telescopic square tube hole 36 or thick telescopic square tube hole 34, and then hydraulic oil will not be through Thin telescopic square tube 22 or thick telescopic square tube 10 flow through.

Press strip 24 is from the effect that the inclined-plane 54 on adjusting block 26 matches: squeezing and adjusts under the different extruding force of press strip 24 When the inclined-plane 54 of locking nub 26, the amount that adjusting block 26 can enter in thin square tube 23 according to different extruding forces is also different, adjusts Block 26 enters the difference measured in thin square tube 23 and makes the velocity of liquid assets that hydraulic oil allows in thin square tube 23 different.On limited block 53 The effect that is matched with the teeth 52 on sliding block 50 of inclined-plane 54 be: adjusting block 26 under the extruding of press strip 24, adjusting block 26 into Enter into thin square tube 23, adjusting block 26 drives limited block 53 mobile to the direction of thin square tube 23,52 inclined-plane of teeth on sliding block 50 54 squeeze the inclined-plane 54 on limited block 53, and limited block 53 is extruded in limited block sliding slot 56, and limited block spring 55 is compressed；With Adjusting block 26 enter the difference of the amount in thin square tube 23, limited block 53 rests on and teeth 52 are meshed on sliding block 50 position It is different；After adjusting block 26 stops entering, limited block 53 also stops the movement to thin 23 direction of square tube；So in limited block spring Under 55 reset force, there is limited block 53 one end on inclined-plane 54 to stretch out limited block sliding slot 56 and 52 phase of teeth corresponding on sliding block 50 Engagement, and limited block 53 is limited by corresponding teeth 52, so that being adjusted after adjusting block 26 is squeezed by the hydraulic oil in thin square tube 23 Locking nub 26 will not be detached from from thin square tube 23.The design of straight guide block 57 and straight guide block spring 58 is, enters in adjusting block 26 During into thin square tube 23, straight guide block 57 follows adjusting block 26 to move, and straight guide block spring 58 is compressed；When adjusting block 26 not After being limited again, under the reset force of straight guide block spring 58, straight guide block spring 58 can drive adjusting block 26 extensive through straight guide block 57 Home position is arrived again.

The design of frizzen 8, connecting rod 42, compression bar 43, sliding block 50 and sliding block spring 51 is in the present invention, works as frizzen After 8 are pressed down, frizzen 8 can push sliding block 50 through the lower moulded rod 43 of connecting rod 42, compression bar 43, and sliding block spring 51 is compressed； After so sliding block 50 is pressed down, the teeth 52 on sliding block 50 will no longer be limited limited block 53, and then adjusting block 26 will not It is limited again.Sliding block spring 51 can make sliding block 50 is mobile to reset under reset force, and it is multiple that sliding block 50 drives compression bar 43 to move up Position, compression bar 43 drive connecting rod 42 and frizzen 8 to reset.

Specific embodiment: when tip circle disk 1 is not pressed down, damper springs 3 are uncompressed, and piston mechanism 6 is close to resistance The top of the sliding chamber 7 of piston in Buddhist nun's cylinder 4；The one end of frizzen 8 far from connecting rod 42 is in contact with the top Cavity surface of the sliding chamber 7 of piston, and Frizzen 8 is not affected by the extruding of the top Cavity surface of the sliding chamber 7 of piston at this time；Ring set spring 33 is uncompressed, at this time under ring set lid 14 Plate face is to the bottom of piston cylinder 21 cylinder the distance between face longest；Fan-shaped closure plate 39 is located at 23 nozzle of thick 12 nozzle of square tube and thin square tube Between；Friction pulley is contacted with the inner cavity surface extruding of the sliding chamber 7 of piston；The caliber of thick square tube 12 is greater than the caliber of thin square tube 23；Arc Friction plate 17 is located at the middle position of fan-shaped closure plate 39.

When being pressed down in tip circle disk 1, or moving up tip circle disk 1 under 3 reset force of damper springs, piston rod 2 Piston mechanism 6 is pulled to slide in the sliding chamber 7 of piston of damping cylinder 4；When piston mechanism 6 moves down, piston rod 2 enters resistance In Buddhist nun's cylinder 4, the hydraulic oil in 6 lower space of piston mechanism can be flowed into piston by thick square tube 12 and thick telescopic square tube 10 In the upper space of mechanism 6, due to the entrance of piston rod 2, the volume of 6 upper space of piston mechanism will relatively become smaller, and be The space to become smaller is made up, then in the case where the hydraulic oil in 6 upper space of piston mechanism squeezes, ring set lid 14 is to piston cylinder 21 Cylinder bottom direction is mobile, and ring set spring 33 is compressed, and the volume of piston mechanism 6 will become smaller, and then compensate for 6 top of piston mechanism The volume that space is become smaller by the entrance of piston rod 2.When piston mechanism 6 moves up, piston rod 2 stretches out damping cylinder 4, position Hydraulic oil in 6 upper space of piston mechanism can be flowed under piston mechanism 6 through meticulous square tube 23 and thin telescopic square tube 22 In portion space, due to the stretching of piston rod 2, the volume of 6 upper space of piston mechanism will relatively become larger, and become larger to make up Space, then under the reset response of ring set spring 33, retracting cylinder is mobile to the cylinder bottom direction far from piston cylinder 21, piston machine The volume of structure 6 will become larger, and then compensate for the volume that 6 upper space of piston mechanism is become larger by the stretching of piston rod 2.

During piston mechanism 6 is moved down from the top of the sliding chamber 7 of piston in damping cylinder 4, ring set lid 14 is through change 19 and connection ring 18 drive screwed ring 9 to move down, the cooperation of the external screw thread of the internal screw thread of screwed ring 9 and piston rod 2 in screw thread Under, screwed ring 9 is rotated around the axis of piston rod 2, and screwed ring 9 drives arcuate friction plate 17 to rotate, and arcuate friction plate 17 passes through Frictional force drives fan-shaped closure plate 39 to slide to the position of thin telescopic square tube 22, and then sector closure plate 39 blocks up thin telescopic square tube hole 36 Firmly；The top of piston mechanism 6 can not be flowed into through thin square tube 23 and thin telescopic square tube 22 positioned at the hydraulic oil of 6 lower part of piston mechanism In space；Hydraulic oil positioned at 6 lower part of piston mechanism is flowed into through thick square tube 12 and thick telescopic square tube 10 top of piston mechanism 6 In space.

During piston mechanism 6 is moved up from the bottom of the sliding chamber 7 of piston in damping cylinder 4, ring set lid 14 is through change 19 and connection ring 18 drive screwed ring 9 to move up, the cooperation of the external screw thread of the internal screw thread of screwed ring 9 and piston rod 2 in screw thread Under, screwed ring 9 is rotated around the axis of piston rod 2, and screwed ring 9 drives arcuate friction plate 17 to rotate, and arcuate friction plate 17 passes through Frictional force drives fan-shaped closure plate 39 to slide to the position of thick telescopic square tube 10, and then sector closure plate 39 blocks up thick telescopic square tube hole 34 Firmly；The lower part of piston mechanism 6 can not be flowed into through thick square tube 12 and thick telescopic square tube 10 positioned at the hydraulic oil on 6 top of piston mechanism In space；Hydraulic oil positioned at 6 top of piston mechanism is flowed into through thin square tube 23 and thin telescopic square tube 22 lower part of piston mechanism 6 In space.

When tip circle disk 1 is slowly pushed, damper springs 3 are compressed, and tip circle disk 1 slowly pushes piston through piston rod 2 Mechanism 6, almost very little, press strip 24 will not squeeze adjustments blocks 26 for 30 decrement of piston rod spring in piston mechanism 6 at this time.Work as work During filling in the slow pushing of mechanism 6, the hydraulic oil positioned at 6 lower part of piston mechanism is slow through thick square tube 12 and thick telescopic square tube 10 It is flowed into the upper space of piston mechanism 6.When damper springs 3 reset tip circle disk 1 under reset force, tip circle disk 1 is passed through Piston rod 2 pulls piston mechanism 6 to move upwards；During piston mechanism 6 moves upwards, positioned at 6 top of piston mechanism Hydraulic oil flows slowly into the lower space of piston mechanism 6 through thin square tube 23 and thin telescopic square tube 22, not due to adjusting block 26 Movement, so thin square tube 23 hydraulic oil velocity of liquid assets allowed is V1 at this time, the speed that piston mechanism 6 moves up is also V1, the resume speed after one-way damper slowly pushes is V1, and the stretching damping force of one-way damper is F1.Due to thick square tube 12 Caliber be greater than the caliber of thin square tube 23, so under the pressure of same hydraulic oil, the circulation of thick square tube 12 is greater than thin square tube 23 circulation, so that the speed that piston mechanism 6 moves up can be considerably slower than the speed that piston mechanism 6 moves down. This can make one-way damper of the invention have the easily difficult characteristic drawn of pressure.

When tip circle disk 1 is by depressed fast, for damper springs 3 by Fast Compression, tip circle disk 1 is living through 2 depressed fast of piston rod Mechanism 6 is filled in, 30 decrement of piston rod spring in piston mechanism 6 is big at this time, the inclined-plane 54 of 24 squeeze adjustments block 26 of press strip, oblique Under the action of face 54, adjusting block 26 is inserted into thin square tube 23, and the amount that adjusting block 26 is inserted into thin square tube 23 is big.Adjusting block 26 Under the extruding of press strip 24, adjusting block 26 is entered in thin square tube 23, and adjusting block 26 drives limited block 53 to the side of thin square tube 23 To movement, 52 inclined-plane 54 of teeth on sliding block 50 squeezes the inclined-plane 54 on limited block 53, and it is sliding that limited block 53 is extruded to limited block In slot 56, limited block spring 55 is compressed；After adjusting block 26 stops entering, limited block 53 also stops to thin 23 direction of square tube It is mobile；So under the reset force of limited block spring 55, limited block 53 have inclined-plane 54 one end stretch out limited block sliding slot 56 with Corresponding teeth 52 are meshed on sliding block 50, and limited block 53 is limited by corresponding teeth 52, and then adjusting block 26 is limited；In During adjusting block 26 enters in thin square tube 23, straight guide block 57 follows adjusting block 26 to move, and straight guide block spring 58 is compressed. During 6 depressed fast of piston mechanism, the hydraulic oil positioned at 6 lower part of piston mechanism is through thick square tube 12 and thick telescopic square tube 10 In the upper space for flowing rapidly into piston mechanism 6.When damper springs 3 reset tip circle disk 1 under reset force, tip circle disk 1 pulls piston mechanism 6 to move upwards through piston rod 2；During piston mechanism 6 moves upwards, it is located at 6 top of piston mechanism Hydraulic oil compare in the lower space for flowing slowly into piston mechanism 6 through thin square tube 23 and thin telescopic square tube 22, due to adjust The amount that block 26 is inserted into thin square tube 23 is big, so thin square tube 23 hydraulic oil velocity of liquid assets allowed is V2 at this time, V2 is small In V1；The speed that piston mechanism 6 moves up is also V2, and the stretching damping force of one-way damper is F2, and F2 is greater than F1；It is single at this time Being less than the resume speed after one-way damper slowly pushes to the resume speed V2 after damper depressed fast is V1.

When tip circle disk 1 is rapidly pushed, damper springs 3 rapidly push work through piston rod 2 by Fast Compression, tip circle disk 1 Mechanism 6 is filled in, 30 decrement of piston rod spring in piston mechanism 6 is bigger at this time, the inclined-plane 54, In of 24 squeeze adjustments block 26 of press strip Under the action of inclined-plane 54, adjusting block 26 is inserted into thin square tube 23, and the amount that adjusting block 26 is inserted into thin square tube 23 is bigger.It adjusts Under the extruding of press strip 24, adjusting block 26 enters in thin square tube 23 block 26, and adjusting block 26 drives limited block 53 to thin square tube 23 Direction it is mobile, 52 inclined-plane 54 of teeth on sliding block 50 squeezes the inclined-plane 54 on limited block 53, and limited block 53 is extruded to limit In block sliding slot 56, limited block spring 55 is compressed；After adjusting block 26 stops entering, limited block 53 also stops to thin 23 side of square tube To movement；So under the reset force of limited block spring 55, there is limited block 53 one end on inclined-plane 54 to stretch out limited block sliding slot 56 are meshed with teeth 52 corresponding on sliding block 50, and limited block 53 is limited by corresponding teeth 52, and then adjusting block 26 is limited Position；During adjusting block 26 enters in thin square tube 23, straight guide block 57 follows adjusting block 26 to move, straight 58 quilt of guide block spring Compression.During piston mechanism 6 rapidly pushes, the hydraulic oil positioned at 6 lower part of piston mechanism stretches through thick square tube 12 and slightly Square tube 10 is rapidly flowed into the upper space of piston mechanism 6.When damper springs 3 reset tip circle disk 1 under reset force, Tip circle disk 1 pulls piston mechanism 6 to move upwards through piston rod 2；During piston mechanism 6 moves upwards, it is located at piston machine The hydraulic oil on 6 top of structure more flows slowly into the lower space of piston mechanism 6 through thin square tube 23 and thin telescopic square tube 22, by It is bigger in the amount that adjusting block 26 is inserted into thin square tube 23, so thin square tube 23 hydraulic oil velocity of liquid assets allowed is at this time V3, V3 are less than V2；The speed that piston mechanism 6 moves up is also V3, and the stretching damping force of one-way damper is F3, and F3 is greater than F2；；Resume speed V3 after one-way damper rapidly pushes at this time is less than the resume speed after one-way damper depressed fast V2。

In conclusion when one-way damper of the invention is bigger by extraneous lower pressure, one-way damper compression speed It also can be faster；The amount that 24 squeeze adjustments block 26 of press strip enters in thin square tube 23 also can be bigger, extensive after one-way damper pushing Complex velocity also can be slower；In short, the stretching damping force of one-way damper is related with the compressed speed of one-way damper: unidirectional resistance Buddhist nun's device is compressed faster, and the stretching damping force of one-way damper is bigger, and one-way damper also just restores slower.

During piston rod 2 pulls piston mechanism 6 to move up, piston rod spring 30 is no longer compressed, and then is pressed The no longer squeeze adjustments block 26 of item 24.After the top surface of the sliding chamber 7 of piston in piston mechanism 6 and damping cylinder 4 tight contacts between, frizzen 8 It is pressed down against by the top surface of the sliding chamber 7 of piston, frizzen 8 pushes sliding block 50, sliding block bullet through the lower moulded rod 43 of connecting rod 42, compression bar 43 Spring 51 is compressed；After so sliding block 50 is pressed down, the teeth 52 on sliding block 50 will no longer be limited limited block 53, and then be adjusted Locking nub 26 will be no longer limited；After adjusting block 26 is no longer limited, under the reset force of straight guide block spring 58, straight guide block spring 58 can drive adjusting block 26 to be restored to home position through straight guide block 57；After frizzen 8 is no longer extruded, sliding block spring 51 exists It can make sliding block 50 is mobile to reset under reset force, sliding block 50 drives compression bar 43 to move up reset, and compression bar 43 drives connecting rod 42 It is resetted with frizzen 8.

In conclusion main beneficial effect of the invention is: Fixing shrink ring 13, sliding ring set 15, ring set spring 33 and ring The design of upper shield 14 solves influence when piston rod 2 slides in damping cylinder 4 to the volume of the sliding chamber 7 of piston in damping cylinder 4；It is living Stopper rod spring 30 is by identifying different lower pressure, so that 24 squeeze adjustments block 26 of press strip enters the amount in thin square tube 23 not Together, adjusting block 26 enters the velocity of liquid assets difference that the difference measured in thin square tube 23 makes hydraulic oil permission in thin square tube 23.Most Eventually, compared with traditional one-way damper, one-way damper of the invention is able to achieve: one-way damper is compressed faster, single Stretching damping force to damper is bigger, and one-way damper also just restores slower；Such design effect can make the present invention One-way damper be used for because complicated working condition needs to substantially reduce tradition in the mechanical system of different damping power In machinery since it is desired that different damping power and the case where need to change damper, save the cost of replacement different damping device.This hair Bright structure is simple, has preferable using effect.

Claims

1. a kind of one-way damper of variable damping force, it is characterised in that: it includes tip circle disk, piston rod, damper springs, resistance Buddhist nun's cylinder, bottom disk, piston mechanism, piston slide chamber, are equipped with damping cylinder on indsole disk；Damping in cylinder has the sliding chamber of piston； One end of piston rod is equipped with tip circle disk, and the other end is equipped with piston mechanism；Piston rod passes through damping cylinder；Piston mechanism, which is located at, lives It fills in sliding chamber, and piston mechanism slides on the sliding chamber of piston；Damper springs are nested on damping cylinder, and one end of damper springs is pacified On tip circle disk, the other end is mounted on the disk of bottom；

Above-mentioned piston mechanism include frizzen, screwed ring, thick telescopic square tube, thick square tube, Fixing shrink ring, ring set lid, sliding ring set, Fixed strip, arcuate friction plate, connection ring, change, fixed guide tube, piston cylinder, thin telescopic square tube, thin square tube, press strip, fixed block, Adjusting block, bootstrap block, rod aperture, the first annular groove, piston rod spring, fan-shaped sliding slot, arc guide barrel, ring set spring, thick telescopic square tube Hole, annular groove, thin telescopic square tube hole, the second annular groove, fan-shaped closure plate, arc guide block, bootstrap block square hole, connecting rod, compression bar, square Shape block, adjusting block sliding slot, straight guide groove, rectangular straight slot, press strip slide square hole, rectangle sliding slot, sliding block, sliding block spring, teeth, limit Block, inclined-plane, limited block spring, limited block sliding slot, straight guide block, straight guide block spring, wherein piston cylinder is slidably mounted on damping cylinder In the sliding chamber of piston；The cylinder bottom surface middle position of piston cylinder is equipped with fixed guide tube；It is sliding that press strip is provided on the periphery of fixed guide tube Dynamic square hole；Fixing shrink ring is mounted on the inner cylinder face of piston cylinder, and the upside being located in piston cylinder；Annular is provided in Fixing shrink ring Sliding slot；Sliding ring set is mounted in annular groove；One end of six ring set springs is mounted on slip ring and puts on, and the other end is mounted on On the kerve face of annular groove；Six ring set springs are evenly distributed in slip ring along circumferential direction and put on；Sliding ring set passes through Ring set spring slide is in annular groove；It slides ring set and ring set lid is installed far from one end of ring set spring；The centre of ring set lid Position is provided with rod aperture；The first annular groove is provided on the upper capping of ring set lid；The second annular groove is provided on the kerve face of first annular groove；Ring set Fan-shaped sliding slot is provided on the upper capping of lid；The middle position of the outer arcuate groove face of fan-shaped sliding slot is provided with arc guide barrel；Fan-shaped sliding slot Kerve face on be provided with thin telescopic square tube hole and thick telescopic square tube hole；Thin telescopic square tube hole and thick telescopic square tube hole are located at rod aperture Two sides；Thick square tube and thin square tube are separately mounted on the cylinder bottom of piston cylinder, and thick square tube and thin square tube are communicated with the sliding chamber of piston； Thick square tube and thin square tube are located at the two sides of fixed guide tube；One end of thick telescopic square tube is mounted on thick square tube far from piston cylinder cylinder bottom On one end, the other end is mounted in thick telescopic square tube hole；One end of thick telescopic square tube is communicated with thick square tube, and the other end and sector are sliding Slot communicates；One end of thin telescopic square tube is mounted on the one end of thin square tube far from piston cylinder cylinder bottom, the thin flexible side of other end installation In pore；One end of thin telescopic square tube is communicated with thin square tube, and the other end is communicated with fan-shaped sliding slot；Fan-shaped closure plate is slidably mounted on fan In shape sliding slot；The middle position of the extrados of fan-shaped closure plate is equipped with arc guide block；Arc guide block is slidably mounted on arc and leads In slot；Change is mounted in the second annular groove；One end of connection ring is mounted in change, and the other end passes through the first annular groove and is equipped with Screwed ring；Screwed ring nesting is on the piston rod；The lower face of screwed ring is in contact with the upper capping of ring set lid；The outer circle of screwed ring Arcuate friction plate is installed on face；Arcuate friction plate is in contact with the upper capping of ring set lid, and arcuate friction plate and fan-shaped closure plate It matches；

One end that piston rod is not connected with tip circle disk passes through the rod aperture of ring set lid, and is mounted in fixed guide tube；Piston rod spring One end is installed on the piston rod, and the other end is mounted on the bottom cylinder face of fixed guide tube；Piston rod spring is located in fixed guide tube, living Stopper rod is slided in fixed guide tube by piston rod spring；One end of press strip is mounted on the one end of piston rod close to piston rod spring Periphery, the press strip that the other end passes through fixed guide tube slide square hole；Press strip slides on press strip by piston rod and slides in square hole；

Bootstrap block square hole is provided on the side of thin square tube；The position of bootstrap block square hole is opposite with the press strip sliding position of square hole；Draw Guide block is mounted on the bottom cylinder face of piston cylinder by fixed strip；One end of bootstrap block is mounted in bootstrap block square hole；Rectangular block peace On the side of bootstrap block；The adjusting block sliding slot of perforation is provided in bootstrap block；It is provided on the lower groove face of adjusting block sliding slot and directly leads Slot；It is connected on bootstrap block on the side of rectangular block and is provided with rectangular straight slot；Rectangular straight slot is communicated with adjusting block sliding slot；On rectangular block The side that is connected with bootstrap block on be provided with rectangle sliding slot；Rectangle sliding slot is communicated with rectangular straight slot；Adjusting block is mounted on bootstrap block Adjusting block sliding slot in, and adjusting block slides on adjusting block sliding slot；One end that adjusting block stretches out adjusting block sliding slot has inclined-plane；It adjusts Locking nub is provided with limited block sliding slot on the side of rectangular block；Straight guide block is mounted on the lower face of adjusting block；Straight guide block is located at straight In guide groove；One end of straight guide block spring is mounted on straight guide block, and the other end is mounted on the groove face of straight guide groove；Straight guide block spring position In straight guide groove；Straight guide block is by straight guide block spring slide in straight guide groove；Sliding block is slidably mounted in the rectangle sliding slot of rectangular block； One end of sliding block spring is mounted on sliding block, and the other end is mounted on the groove face of rectangle sliding slot；Sliding block spring is located at rectangle sliding slot In；Sliding block has been evenly distributed multiple teeth on the side of adjusting block；Limited block is slidably mounted on the limited block of adjusting block In sliding slot；One end of limited block spring is mounted on limited block, and the other end is mounted on the kerve face of limited block sliding slot；Limited block Spring is located in limited block sliding slot；Limited block has inclined-plane far from one end of limited block spring；Inclined-plane and sliding block on limited block On teeth match；

Above-mentioned press strip is matched with the inclined-plane on adjusting block；

One end of compression bar is mounted on sliding block far from the side of sliding block spring, and the other end is pierced by rectangular block and is equipped with connecting rod； Fixed block is installed on the inner headed face of Fixing shrink ring；One end of frizzen is mounted on connecting rod and is not connected on one end of compression bar, separately One end passes through fixed block and ring set lid；

There is external screw thread on the periphery of above-mentioned piston rod, there is internal screw thread on the inner headed face of screwed ring；The external screw thread of piston rod It is mutually threadedly engaged with the internal screw thread of screwed ring；

2. a kind of one-way damper of variable damping force according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: above-mentioned press strip and adjusting There is spacing between block.

3. a kind of one-way damper of variable damping force according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: filled in above-mentioned damping cylinder There is hydraulic oil.

4. a kind of one-way damper of variable damping force according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: above-mentioned frizzen is separate Connecting rod and across one end of ring set lid to the top surface of ring set lid have spacing.

5. a kind of one-way damper of variable damping force according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: above-mentioned arcuate friction plate The lower face being in contact with ring set lid is rubbing surface；The upper face that ring set lid is in contact with arcuate friction plate is shiny surface.

6. a kind of one-way damper of variable damping force according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it is above-mentioned sector closure plate with The upper face that arcuate friction plate is in contact is rubbing surface；Fan-shaped closure plate is smooth with the lower face that arcuate friction plate does not generate contact Face.

7. a kind of one-way damper of variable damping force according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: when piston mechanism is located at When damping the top of the sliding chamber of piston in cylinder, fan-shaped closure plate is located between the nozzle of thin telescopic square tube and the nozzle of thick telescopic square tube, Arcuate friction plate is located at the middle position of fan-shaped closure plate.

8. a kind of one-way damper of variable damping force according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: when piston mechanism is from resistance For the top slide of the sliding chamber of piston into damping cylinder when the bottom of the sliding chamber of piston, arcuate friction plate surrounds the axis of screwed ring in Buddhist nun's cylinder Swing angle is between 80 degree to 100 degree.