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CN108799373B - Detection device for detecting abrasion of brake pad of electromagnetic brake and elevator - Google Patents

Detection device for detecting abrasion of brake pad of electromagnetic brake and elevator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108799373B
CN108799373B CN201710307178.4A CN201710307178A CN108799373B CN 108799373 B CN108799373 B CN 108799373B CN 201710307178 A CN201710307178 A CN 201710307178A CN 108799373 B CN108799373 B CN 108799373B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
electromagnetic
brake
block
unit
detection device
Prior art date
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Application number
CN201710307178.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108799373A (en
Inventor
刘�文
毛旭
苏雅莉
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tisheng Elevator Shanghai Co ltd
Original Assignee
Tisheng Elevator Shanghai Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Priority to CN201710307178.4A priority Critical patent/CN108799373B/en
Priority to PCT/EP2018/061281 priority patent/WO2018202745A1/en
Publication of CN108799373A publication Critical patent/CN108799373A/en
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Publication of CN108799373B publication Critical patent/CN108799373B/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D66/00Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature
    • F16D66/02Apparatus for indicating wear
    • F16D66/021Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means
    • F16D66/028Apparatus for indicating wear using electrical detection or indication means with non-electrical sensors or signal transmission, e.g. magnetic, optical
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/0006Monitoring devices or performance analysers
    • B66B5/0037Performance analysers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/0006Monitoring devices or performance analysers
    • B66B5/0018Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system
    • B66B5/0031Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system for safety reasons
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D5/00Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
    • B66D5/02Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
    • B66D5/06Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with radial effect
    • B66D5/08Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes with radial effect embodying blocks or shoes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D5/00Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
    • B66D5/02Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
    • B66D5/24Operating devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a detection device and an elevator for detecting the abrasion of a brake block of an electromagnetic brake, wherein the detection device which is low in cost and can automatically detect the abrasion of the brake block of the electromagnetic brake comprises: an electromagnetic displacement induction unit and an induction block; the induction block is arranged on the static block; the electromagnetic displacement induction unit is arranged on the movable block and is opposite to the induction block; the electromagnetic displacement induction unit senses the gap change between the movable block and the static block, and generates an alarm signal when the gap change value is larger than a preset value. The Hall displacement sensor is adopted to detect the abrasion state of the brake pad so as to facilitate timely replacement, and safety accidents caused by insufficient braking force are avoided; and only detect when the stopper loses electricity, improved the detection precision greatly, also prevented that the detection signal from causing the elevator to close people's occurence of failure when the elevator works.

Description

Detection device for detecting abrasion of brake pad of electromagnetic brake and elevator
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a detection device for detecting wear of a brake pad of an electromagnetic brake. The invention also relates to an elevator comprising such a detection device.
Background
With the development of the economic society in China, the continuous emergence of high-rise buildings, and the popularization of elevators is gradually realized. The elevator brings convenience to users, and meanwhile, the potential safety hazard of the elevator is also gradually valued. The elevator brake has important position in elevator safety protection, the effective part in the brake is a brake block (brake block), and the abrasion of the brake block in long-term use can cause the increase of braking noise, the insufficient braking force further causes the longer braking distance, the unreliable braking and other safety problems.
In the aspect of elevator braking abrasion, the brake torque is detected to indirectly reflect the abrasion state of a brake pad, for example, in the name of an elevator brake torque detection method, braking force is detected by automatically detecting the braking distance of a lift car in a starting state and a braking state, but the influence factors of the braking distance related to the technical scheme are more, and the adverse factors such as easy false alarm are caused. In addition, in a method for detecting the braking force of the motor, the motor rotation is detected under the direct detection braking state, and the detection result is reliable, but the maintenance personnel are required to detect regularly on site, so that the degree of automation is low and the cost is high. In the aspect of automobile brake pad abrasion detection, the literature is more, generally two kinds of brake pads are divided: one is to pre-embed sensors in the brake pad, such as those involved in the name "a brake pad capable of detecting and preventing wear"; the other is to directly detect the thickness of the brake pad by adopting an optical fiber sensor, such as a technology of using optical fiber to sense and monitor the abrasion condition of the brake pad, but the methods have the defects of complex process and higher cost.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to providing a detecting device capable of automatically detecting the wear of a brake pad of an electromagnetic brake at low cost, in response to one or more of the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art of elevator manufacturing.
The invention relates to a detection device for detecting brake pad abrasion of an electromagnetic brake, wherein the brake comprises a brake wheel, a moving block, a static block and a brake pad arranged between the moving block and the brake wheel, a gap is arranged between the moving block and the static block, and the detection device comprises: an electromagnetic displacement induction unit and an induction block; the induction block is arranged on the static block; the electromagnetic displacement induction unit is arranged on the movable block and is opposite to the induction block; the electromagnetic displacement induction unit senses the gap change between the movable block and the static block, and generates an alarm signal when the gap change value is larger than a preset value.
Preferably, the detection device further comprises an alarm signal output unit, and a timer unit is connected in series between the electromagnetic displacement sensing unit and the alarm signal output unit; the timer unit transmits an alarm signal to the alarm signal output unit after continuously receiving the alarm signal from the electromagnetic displacement sensing unit for a predetermined period of time.
Preferably, the timer unit may include a reset switch electrically connected to the signal output terminal of the processor of the electromagnetic displacement sensing unit, and the reset switch is used for resetting the timer in the timer unit when no signal is output from the processor.
Preferably, a signal control switch can be connected in series between the electromagnetic displacement induction unit and the timer unit, and the signal control switch is electrically connected with a braking signal or standby signal input end of the electromagnetic brake, and is disconnected when the electromagnetic brake works.
Preferably, the electromagnetic displacement sensing unit may output a linear, nonlinear or stepped signal.
Preferably, the electromagnetic displacement induction unit can be arranged on the movable block through a first bracket; the sensing block can be arranged on the static block through a second bracket.
Preferably, the electromagnetic displacement sensing unit may include a hall sensing unit.
Preferably, the sensing mass may comprise iron or a magnet.
More preferably, the hall sensing unit may include a hall displacement sensor and/or the alarm signal output unit may include an alarm lamp or an alarm horn.
The invention also relates to an elevator comprising a detection device as described above for detecting the wear of the brake lining of an electromagnetic brake.
The invention adopts the technical proposal, which has the following beneficial effects:
The Hall displacement sensor is adopted to detect the abrasion state of the brake pad so as to facilitate timely replacement, and safety accidents caused by insufficient braking force are avoided; the detection is carried out only when the brake is powered off, so that the detection precision is greatly improved, and the occurrence of accidents of elevator passengers caused by detection signals during elevator operation is prevented;
False alarms caused by random interferences such as site impact, vibration, temperature fluctuation, brake remanence and the like can be filtered through the validity of the timer confirmation signal;
the bracket type installation does not need to change the internal structure of the brake, is convenient and quick, and is easy to popularize;
in addition, the Hall displacement sensor and the related module are commonly used and have low cost.
Drawings
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. For clarity, the same elements in different drawings are shown with the same reference numerals. It is noted that the figures are for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily drawn to scale. In these figures:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a detecting device for detecting brake pad wear of an electromagnetic brake according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an electromagnetic displacement sensing unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of an electromagnetic displacement sensing unit including a Hall element according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the brake pad wear detection apparatus of the present invention prior to brake pad wear detection;
fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a structure after brake pad wear in the brake pad wear detecting device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a detection apparatus for detecting brake pad wear of an electromagnetic brake of the present invention includes: the electromagnetic displacement induction unit 1, the first bracket 2, the induction block 3, the second bracket 4, the signal control switch 5, the timer unit 6, the alarm signal output unit 7, the static block 8, the moving block 9, the brake block 10 arranged between the moving block and the brake wheel 11. Wherein, have certain clearance between movable block 9 and the quiet piece 8, electromagnetic displacement induction unit 1 is installed on the movable block 9 of stopper through first support 2, and the response piece 3 is installed on the quiet piece 8 of stopper through second support 4, electromagnetic displacement induction unit 1 includes hall induction unit and treater, hall induction unit sets up with the response piece 3 relatively, just so need not to change stopper inner structure to simple to operate. In addition, the first bracket 2 and the second bracket 4 are respectively L-shaped metal brackets, and the structure is stable, the weight is lighter, and the cost is saved.
The alarm signal output unit 7 is electrically connected with the signal output end of the processor, and the Hall sensing unit in the electromagnetic displacement sensing unit 1 can sense the gap change between the movable block 9 and the static block 8. When the gap variation value is smaller than the predetermined value set in the processor, that is, the gap value is not changed much or is not changed, as shown in fig. 4, indicating that the brake pad is not worn or worn seriously, the alarm signal is not output (or a low level of 0V is output), and when the gap variation value is larger than the predetermined value set in the processor, that is, the brake pad is worn seriously, the processor sends an alarm signal to the alarm signal output unit 7, as shown in fig. 5, so that the alarm signal output unit 7 outputs alarm information. That is, when the brake pad 10 becomes worn down and thinned, since the static block 8 remains stationary, the displacement between the induction block 3 mounted on the first bracket 2 and the electromagnetic displacement induction unit 1 becomes large. When the wear reaches a preset value set in the processor, the electromagnetic displacement sensing unit 1, by reversing the processor output signal, may send an alarm signal (e.g. a 24V piezo-electric signal) directly or indirectly via the timing module 6 as described below to the alarm signal output unit 7.
As shown in fig. 2, the electromagnetic displacement sensing unit 1 of the present invention may include a hall sensing unit 13 and a processor 14, and the processor 14 may include a signal processing unit and a storage unit. The output signal of the hall sensing unit 13 may be linear, nonlinear or stepped. The signal processing unit can be a single chip microcomputer, a DSP or a general purpose processor, and can be integrated with the storage unit or can be arranged separately and independently. The memory unit may be adapted to store relevant information, such as a predetermined value for comparison with the above-mentioned gap variation, the memory unit may be: read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM, erasable programmable ROM, electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, or the like.
Preferably, the electromagnetic displacement sensing unit 1 comprises a hall sensing unit, and the sensing block 3 comprises iron or a magnet. The sensor block may be iron or magnet, since the hall device of the preferred embodiment as the sensor unit may or may not have embedded magnets, when embedded magnets, the sensor device may be iron, and when it has no embedded magnets, the sensor device may be a magnet. In the following, a hall device without embedded magnets is taken as an example, and the sensing device is a magnet. The processor 14 performs self-learning according to the relative installation positions of the electromagnetic displacement sensing unit 1 and the magnet, and then initializes an output signal inversion threshold according to a preset wear amount. As shown in fig. 3, the basic working principle of the hall displacement sensor is: when a hall sensing unit (hall sensor) in the electromagnetic displacement sensing unit 1 is placed in the magnetic field B in the z+ direction, if the current a is passed in the Y direction, a hall voltage u is generated in the X direction, the magnitude of which is proportional to the magnetic field strength B. When the magnetic field B is provided by a magnet, the displacement between the magnet and the hall device will cause the magnetic field strength B to change and thus be represented by the hall voltage. Therefore, the Hall displacement sensor can accurately measure the displacement of an object, and has low price and mature technology.
Referring again to fig. 1, a timer unit 6 may be connected in series between the electromagnetic displacement sensing unit 1 and the alarm signal output unit 7, and the timer unit 6 transmits the alarm information to the alarm signal output unit 7 after continuously receiving the alarm information from the processor for a certain period of time. Namely, only after the electromagnetic displacement sensing unit 1 outputs the abrasion signal for a certain time (the preset time period in the timer unit 6), the confirmed abrasion alarm signal is output to the elevator control system, so that false alarms caused by random interferences such as site impact, vibration, temperature fluctuation, brake remanence and the like can be filtered. Preferably, the predetermined time period may be 20 seconds.
In addition, the timer unit 6 further includes a reset switch RST, where the reset switch RST is electrically connected to the signal output end of the processor, and is used to automatically reset the timer in the timer unit 6 when the processor has no signal output.
A signal control switch 5 is connected in series between the electromagnetic displacement induction unit 1 and the timer unit 6, and is electrically connected with a braking signal or standby signal input end of the electromagnetic brake, when the electromagnetic brake works, the signal control switch 5 is disconnected, and when the electromagnetic brake does not work, the signal control switch 5 is connected so as to start to detect the abrasion condition of the brake pad. The signal control switch 5 is conducted, namely the brake is detected when the brake is in power failure and closed, so that the magnetic field of the brake is prevented from interfering the Hall sensor when the brake is powered on, and meanwhile, the user is prevented from being trapped due to the abrasion and alarm of the brake pad.
The alarm signal output unit 7 may include an alarm lamp or an alarm horn, and may output alarm information in the form of a light or sound, and may be connected to an output device such as a display or a printer, and may output wear in the form of an image or a document.
The invention furthermore relates to an elevator (not shown) comprising the above-described detection device for detecting the wear of the brake pads of an electromagnetic brake, which will not be described in detail here, since the other structures of the elevator referred to here are identical or similar to those of the elevators of the prior art.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. The foregoing description is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable others skilled in the art to make and utilize various exemplary embodiments and various alternatives and modifications thereof. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the following claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. A detection device for detecting brake pad wear of an electromagnetic brake, the brake comprising a brake wheel (11), a moving block (9), a static block (8), and a brake pad (10) arranged between the moving block and the brake wheel, the moving block (9) and the static block (8) having a gap therebetween, characterized in that the detection device comprises: an electromagnetic displacement induction unit (1) and an induction block (3);
the induction block (3) is arranged on the static block (8);
The electromagnetic displacement induction unit (1) is arranged on the movable block (9), and the electromagnetic displacement induction unit (1) is arranged opposite to the induction block (3);
The electromagnetic displacement induction unit (1) senses the gap change between the movable block (9) and the static block (8), when the gap change value is larger than a preset value, the electromagnetic displacement induction unit (1) generates an alarm signal,
The detection device also comprises an alarm signal output unit (7), and a timer unit (6) is connected in series between the electromagnetic displacement induction unit (1) and the alarm signal output unit (7);
A signal control switch (5) is connected in series between the electromagnetic displacement induction unit (1) and the timer unit (6), the signal control switch is electrically connected with a brake signal or standby signal input end of the electromagnetic brake, and when the electromagnetic brake works, the signal control switch (5) is disconnected;
the electromagnetic displacement induction unit (1) is arranged on the movable block (9) through the first bracket (2), and the induction block (3) is arranged on the static block (8) through the second bracket (4).
2. The detection device for detecting brake pad wear of an electromagnetic brake according to claim 1, wherein: the timer unit (6) transmits an alarm signal to the alarm signal output unit (7) after receiving the alarm signal from the electromagnetic displacement sensing unit (1) continuously for a predetermined period of time.
3. The detection device for detecting brake pad wear of an electromagnetic brake according to claim 2, wherein: the timer unit (6) comprises a reset switch, the reset switch is electrically connected with the signal output end of the processor of the electromagnetic displacement sensing unit, and when the processor has no signal output, the reset switch is used for resetting the timer in the timer unit (6).
4. The detection device for detecting brake pad wear of an electromagnetic brake according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the electromagnetic displacement induction unit (1) outputs a linear, nonlinear or step-type signal.
5. The detection device for detecting brake pad wear of an electromagnetic brake according to claim 2, wherein: the electromagnetic displacement induction unit (1) comprises a Hall induction unit.
6. The detection device for detecting brake pad wear of an electromagnetic brake as recited in claim 5, wherein: the induction block (3) comprises iron or a magnet.
7. The detection device for detecting brake pad wear of an electromagnetic brake as recited in claim 5, wherein: the Hall sensing unit comprises a Hall displacement sensor and/or the alarm signal output unit (7) comprises an alarm lamp or an alarm loudspeaker.
8. An elevator, characterized in that: the elevator comprises a detection device for detecting brake pad wear of an electromagnetic brake as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
CN201710307178.4A 2017-05-04 2017-05-04 Detection device for detecting abrasion of brake pad of electromagnetic brake and elevator Active CN108799373B (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710307178.4A CN108799373B (en) 2017-05-04 2017-05-04 Detection device for detecting abrasion of brake pad of electromagnetic brake and elevator
PCT/EP2018/061281 WO2018202745A1 (en) 2017-05-04 2018-05-03 Detection device for detecting brake pad wear of an electromagnetic brake and an elevator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710307178.4A CN108799373B (en) 2017-05-04 2017-05-04 Detection device for detecting abrasion of brake pad of electromagnetic brake and elevator

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CN108799373B true CN108799373B (en) 2024-08-20

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WO (1) WO2018202745A1 (en)

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CN109029233B (en) * 2018-08-31 2020-06-26 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 Brake block thickness detection system and vehicle
CN109682519A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-04-26 四川陆通检测科技有限公司 Detecting and the system and method for stablizing effective prestress under intermediate plate displacement method test anchor
DE102019104890B4 (en) * 2019-02-26 2024-10-10 Kendrion (Villingen) Gmbh Electromagnetic brake or clutch
EP3725723B1 (en) * 2019-04-15 2024-05-29 Otis Elevator Company Brake lining monitoring system
CN112179275B (en) * 2019-07-01 2022-06-03 欧姆龙(上海)有限公司 Grating scale sensor and detection method
CN112408175A (en) * 2020-11-20 2021-02-26 日立电梯(广州)自动扶梯有限公司 Abrasion detection structure and escalator or moving sidewalk
CN117142287A (en) * 2022-05-24 2023-12-01 奥的斯电梯公司 Self-detection device and method for braking device and elevator system

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WO2018202745A1 (en) 2018-11-08

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