CN108796391A - A kind of enamel steel and its manufacturing method with excellent plasticity and toughness and scaling resistance - Google Patents
A kind of enamel steel and its manufacturing method with excellent plasticity and toughness and scaling resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN108796391A CN108796391A CN201710283601.1A CN201710283601A CN108796391A CN 108796391 A CN108796391 A CN 108796391A CN 201710283601 A CN201710283601 A CN 201710283601A CN 108796391 A CN108796391 A CN 108796391A
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- steel
- toughness
- enamel steel
- enamel
- scaling resistance
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001417490 Sillaginidae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 33
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 11
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 7
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 6
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002320 enamel (paints) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemanganese Chemical compound [Mn]=S CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RRRDLPQUIXBIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [S-2].[Mn+2].[Ti+4].[S-2].[S-2] Chemical compound [S-2].[Mn+2].[Ti+4].[S-2].[S-2] RRRDLPQUIXBIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004534 enameling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/02—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of enamel steel and its manufacturing method with excellent plasticity and toughness and scaling resistance, composition by weight percent are：C 0.02~0.06%, Si 0.15~0.35%, Mn 0.50~1.00%, P≤0.035%, S 0.002~0.035%, Al 0.010~0.055%, N 0.001~0.009%, Ti 0.15~0.25%, Cu 0.005~0.10%, Cr 0.005~0.065%, Ni≤0.05%, Mo≤0.05%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity, meet Ti%=4C%+3.43N%+1.5S%+ (0~0.05%), 0.15%≤5C%+2.5S%+4.43N%≤0.40%.Enamel of the present invention has excellent plasticity and low-temperature flexibility, scaling resistance, adherence and weldability with steel, two-sided application of slip requirement can be met, particularly suitable for making glass-lined equipment, accessory and the enamelware etc. that machine-shaping is more complex, -20 DEG C of service temperature is even lower, high to application of slip quality requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to enamel steel, relate in particular to a kind of enamel with excellent plasticity and toughness and scaling resistance
With steel and its manufacturing method, it can be used for glass-lined equipment and enamel accessory, it can also be used to make enamelled vessel, tank body and product
Deng.
Background technology
Enamel technique is that the nature of glass glaze containing high silicon dioxide component is coated in the steel base after shaping
Body surface face, then after high temperature sintering so that glaze adherence forms a kind of composite material in steel substrate surface securely
The process of process, the composite material is enamel.In general, it in order to reach ideal glassy layer, often wants
By 8 times or so the application of slips repeatedly and firing.The glass-lined equipment made through enamel technique has the stability and steel of glass
The advantages that toughness of matter metal, has good wearability and has to various acid solutions and organic solvent preferable resistance to
Corrosivity also has certain corrosion resistance to alkaline solution, therefore purposes is extremely wide.
The existing requirement to enamel steel is -20 DEG C to the peak demand of impact property by GB 25832-2010
Ballistic work is not less than 31J or 34J, even to impact property at all without specific requirement in some standards.
Or existing enamel steel plate special does not ensure impact flexibility or only provides at a temperature of most sternly -20 DEG C
Ballistic work.For example, the country's most commonly used steel plate of glass-lined equipment is Q245R at present, typical ingredient is C：0.16%,
Si：0.19%, Mn：0.80%, P：0.010%, S：0.002%, Al：0.035%, composition characteristic be carbon and manganese content compared with
Height is almost added without other alloying elements.This kind of steel relies primarily on carbon, manganese and silicon to improve the intensity of steel plate, and ballistic work is only
Ensure to be more than 31J at 0 DEG C, elongation percentage is 25~30% or so.Since its microscopic structure is made of band-like pearlite and ferrite,
And the content of pearlite is higher, therefore the defects of be also easy to produce serious pin hole and bubble when its application of slip.
The ingredient of enamel steel disclosed in Chinese patent CN102899560B is：C：0.05~0.15%, Si≤0.20%,
Mn：0.50~1.60%, P≤0.025%, S≤0.020%, Ti：0.06~0.18%, Als：0.005~0.050%, Ti/
C：1.0~1.5, O≤0.0030%, N≤0.0060%, steel plate need normalized treatment, pearlitic structrure are contained in steel, and elongation percentage exists
34~36.5%, ballistic work is not provided.
Steel plate ingredient disclosed in Chinese patent CN104233063A is：C：0.05~0.15%, Si≤0.15%, Mn：
0.80~2.0%, P：0.05~0.12%, S≤0.020%, Ti：0.09~0.20%, Nb：0.03~0.07%, V：0.01
~0.05%, Als：0.005~0.050%, N≤0.0060% and Ti/C：1.5~3.0, steel plate needs normalized treatment, and steel
In contain 20~30% pearlite, elongation percentage 31~33.5% do not provide ballistic work, in actual use the fish scaling resistance of steel plate
Substantially only it is satisfied with single side application of slip requirement.
With the continuous expansion of glass-lined equipment and enamel accessory application field, not only machine-shaping is more complicated, and
And the Service Environment of equipment is also more and more severe, for example require to use under -20 DEG C of more low temperature environments below, especially low
When being used alternatingly under the different temperatures environment of mild higher temperature, glass-lined equipment and accessory that existing enamel steel makes
It is difficult to meet its requirement.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of enamel steel and its manufactures with excellent plasticity and toughness and scaling resistance
Method, the enamel have excellent plasticity and low-temperature flexibility with steel, should also have good scaling resistance, adherence and weldering
Connecing property, hydrogen permeation time >=5min of enamel steel, yield strength >=245MPa, tensile strength >=400MPa, elongation percentage >=
35%, -40 DEG C of ballistic work is more than 250J；Two-sided application of slip requirement can be met, machine-shaping is more complex, takes particularly suitable for making
Use as a servant -20 DEG C of temperature even lower, high to the application of slip quality requirement glass-lined equipment, accessory and enamelware etc..
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of enamel steel with excellent plasticity and toughness and scaling resistance, composition by weight percent are：C：0.02~
0.06%, Si：0.15~0.35%, Mn：0.50~1.00%, P≤0.035%, S：0.002~0.035%, Al：0.010~
0.055%, N：0.001~0.009%, Ti：0.15~0.25%, Cu：0.005~0.10%, Cr：0.005~0.065%,
Ni≤0.05%, Mo≤0.05%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity, and meets Ti%=4C%+3.43N%+
1.5S%+ (0~0.05%), 0.15%≤5C%+2.5S%+4.43N%≤0.40%.
Further, the enamel steel plate further includes more than one ingredients in Nb, V and B, can substitute part Ti,
Nb≤0.05%, V≤0.05%, B≤0.003%.
Further, the microstructure of enamel of the present invention steel is ferrite or ferrite+a small amount of carburizing
Body.
The composition design principle of each chemical element is as follows in enamel steel of the present invention：
Carbon：Plasticity, toughness and the intensity of existence form and steel of the height and carbon of carbon content in steel are closely related
's.Phosphorus content is higher, and the intensity of steel is higher, but plasticity and toughness reduce.For the technical scheme, due to simultaneously in steel
The alloying elements such as the suitable titanium of middle addition, niobium or vanadium, these alloying elements and carbon formed carbide fix in steel it is most of even
Whole carbon so that the microstructure in steel is made of pure iron ferritic or ferrite+a small amount of cementite, therefore carbon content can neither
It is too low can not be excessively high, enough carbide such as titanium carbide etc., while the intensity of steel cannot be formed when carbon content is too low, in steel
Also low；Pearlitic structrure can be formed when carbon content is excessively high, in steel or more alloy amounts are added, formation is more mingled with
Object and precipitate, to improve steel plasticity and toughness it is unfavorable, and pearlitic structrure in application of slip sintering process with heating and
The Solid State Structures transformation such as decompose and be precipitated when cooling, it is unfavorable to the quality of the application of slip.Consider, in order to obtain excellent modeling
Property and low-temperature flexibility, improve application of slip quality, carbon content control is 0.02~0.06%.
Silicon：Silicon plays the role of solution strengthening in steel, and the high temperature deformation resistance ability that silicon can also improve steel is conducive to
High-temperature coating enamel firing is at the anti-softening ability for improving steel plate in the process, but when silicone content is excessively high, the not only plasticity of steel, degraded toughness,
And the application of slip is also adversely affected, silicone content is set as 0.15~0.35%.
Manganese：Manganese is to strengthen matrix element.The main purpose of manganese, which is added, is：The intensity of steel is improved, but manganese content is excessively high to drop
The plasticity and toughness of low steel, adversely affect welding performance when excessively high, are deposited on the surface of steel and influence application of slip adhesion property.?
In the present invention, the content of manganese should be controlled 0.5~1.0%.
Aluminium：Aluminium is strong deoxidant element.It is mingled with since oxygen can form the very poor oxide of ductility in steel, to improving steel
Plasticity and toughness are very unfavorable, therefore it is deoxidation that aluminium main purpose, which is added, and aluminium content is controlled 0.010~0.055%.
Titanium：It is strong carbon, nitride forming element.In contrast, the cost of alloy of titanium is relatively low.Suitable titanium is added in steel
Be conducive to the carbon and nitrogen in fixed steel, austenite crystal when titanium carbide, titanium nitride and the complex chemical compound of formation can make heating steel billet
Grain is not grown up excessively, plays the role of refining original austenite grains, while the second phase particles of these titaniums are main storage hydrogen
Trap captures the hydrogen generated in the application of slip to avoid generation scale explosion.By largely testing and comparing, steel of the present invention is passing through
The source and traditional cold-reduced sheet for crossing the hydrogen trap after hot rolling in steel make a big difference, while also only sufficient hydrogen trap
Just it is avoided that the quick-fried generation of squama.Too low Ti content does not have above-mentioned effect, and excessively high titanium not only increases cost of alloy, to steel
Plate surface quality is also unfavorable, and the content of titanium is controlled 0.15~0.25%.
Niobium, vanadium and boron：Niobium, vanadium and boron can play the role of identical with titanium, substitute titanium to a certain extent.Niobium can be with
Play the role of crystal grain thinning, it is advantageous to the plasticity and toughness that improve steel, but cost of alloy is than titanium higher.In the present invention by niobium,
The content of vanadium and boron is controlled in Nb≤0.05%, V≤0.05%, B≤0.003%.
Nitrogen：Nitrogen and titanium easily form titanium nitride and are mingled at high temperature, and the field trash of titanium and the higher formation of nitrogen content
Grain is bigger, and very unfavorable for the plasticity and low-temperature flexibility that improve steel, but nitrogen content is lower, and the cost of denitrogenation is also got over when production
It is high.Titanium nitride plays the role of that anti-squama is quick-fried to a certain extent as storage one of hydrogen trap, therefore the nitrogen content that control in steel exists
0.001~0.009%.
Sulphur：In being not added with titanium steel, sulphur seriously damages steel in steel with the formation good manganese sulfide inclusion of plasticity, meetings such as manganese
Horizontal plastic property and toughness.In adding titanium steel, make manganese sulfide more with manganese sulfide titanium etc. by controlling content and processing technology
Compound field trash form exists, and titanium changes the shape of sulfide, but since its particle size is larger, to improving the plasticity of steel
It is still unfavorable with toughness.Content the present invention claims S is：0.002~0.035%.
Phosphorus：Phosphorus is inevitable impurity element in steel, damages the plasticity and toughness of steel, and phosphorus is controlled≤0.035%.
Copper, chromium, nickel and molybdenum：Micro copper, chromium, nickel and molybdenum is conducive to improve the adhesion property between steel plate and enamel coating, changes
The fish scaling resistance of kind steel, nickel can also improve the low temperature impact properties of steel plate, but copper, chromium, nickel and molybdenum element are belonged to and relatively held high
Expensive alloying element, a large amount of be added not only will increase production cost, but also these alloying elements are assembled too much on the surface of steel
Reacting between steel plate and enamel coating is hindered, the adhesion property when application of slip can be reduced.Therefore, consider copper, chromium, nickel and molybdenum is equal
Control is in Cu：0.005~0.10%, Cr：0.005~0.065%, Ni≤0.05%, Mo≤0.05%.
The burden control requirement of titanium and carbon, nitrogen and sulphur：
Ti%=4C%+3.43N%+1.5S%+ (0~0.05%) (1)
0.15%≤5C%+2.5S%+4.43N%≤0.40% (2)
According to measurement, the hydrogen permeation time (TH of general hot rolled steel plate (such as Q245R)2Value) there was only that 3.5min is even lower,
The hydrogen permeation time requirement of the two-sided application of slip is far not achieved, this be also can not the two-sided application of slip even in the single side application of slip also will produce squama
Quick-fried reason.
Steel of the present invention is controlled by rational alloy design and processes, be ensure that in steel on the basis of abundant experiment
There is storage hydrogen trap that is enough and stablizing.First, it is desirable that contain enough titaniums, i.e. Ti%=4C%+3.43N%+1.5S%+ in steel
Carbon, nitrogen and the content of sulphur in (0~0.05%), content and steel is closely related, and only titanium reaches the requirement, carbon in steel,
Nitrogen and sulphur can just be fixed by titanium completely, form stable compound, on the one hand avoid forming pearlite and bulk in steel
The compound that cementite, another aspect titanium and carbon, nitrogen, sulphur are formed is beneficial storage hydrogen trap, is also beneficial in high temperature enamel firing
Inhibit growing up for ferrite crystal grain.Certainly, niobium and vanadium have the characteristics that identical with titanium, can be with partial alternative titanium, at this time when addition niobium
And/or when vanadium, the addition of titanium can be reduced accordingly.Secondly, the compound that titanium and carbon, nitrogen, sulphur are formed is main storage hydrogen
Trap, total content have been largely fixed the hydrogen storage performance and fish scaling resistance of steel, according to a large amount of measuring and always
On the basis of knot, there is requirement defined below to the content of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur in steel：
0.15%≤5C%+2.5S%+4.43N%≤0.40%, the formula determine the number of steel inclusion and precipitated phase
Amount.
Specifically, as 0.15%≤5C%+2.5S%+4.43N%, if suitable heat processing technique is coordinated to join
Number, it is ensured that have enough storage hydrogen traps in steel, higher TH may be implemented2Value, improves the fish scaling resistance of steel；When
When 5C%+2.5S%+4.43N%≤0.40%, plasticity and toughness in steel can be decreased obviously, cannot achieve excellent plasticity and
Low-temperature flexibility.
The manufacturing method of enamel steel of the present invention, includes the following steps：
1) it smelts, continuous casting
It smelted by mentioned component, be casting continuously to form base；
2) it rolls
By continuous casting billet in 1100~1250 DEG C of heating, multi- pass rolling is then carried out, control finishing temperature is 800~950
℃；
3) cooling
Air-cooled or water cooling is carried out to rolling rear steel plate, the average cooling rate of water cooling is not more than 50 DEG C/s, final cooling temperature 700
~850 DEG C.
In the manufacturing method of enamel steel of the present invention：
1, smelting and vacuum outgas：The basis requirement for ensuring molten steel, removes the pernicious gases such as the hydrogen in steel, and add
Enter the necessary alloying element such as manganese, titanium, is carried out at the same time the adjustment of alloying element；Continuous casting is to ensure the uniform table of strand internal component
Face quality is good；
2, continuous casting billet is made after 1100~1250 DEG C of heating austenite structure homogenization, part second phase particles molten
Then solution carries out multi- pass rolling, control finishing temperature is 800~950 DEG C, and air-cooled or water cooling, water cooling are carried out to rolling rear steel plate
Average cooling rate be not more than 50 DEG C/s, final cooling temperature be 700~850 DEG C；
Microstructure with other enamels steel is that ferrite+pearlitic steel or pearlitic steel are different, in steel of the present invention
Microstructure almost all be ferritic structure, therefore its phase transition temperature is higher, when hot rolling use higher finishing temperature with
Realize the abundant precipitation of Solid State Structure transformation and precipitated phase, but excessively high finishing temperature can cause the thick of ferrite crystal grain again
Change, the roughening of TiC precipitated phases, not only damage the plasticity and toughness of steel, also greatly reduces it and store hydrogen effect, when reduction hydrogen penetrates
Between.Therefore, continuous casting billet is fully heated at 1100~1250 DEG C, finish to gauge is completed at 800~950 DEG C to controlling ferritic crystal grain
Size, the size of precipitated phase and distribution are extremely critical.
3, cooling to use water cooling or air-cooled.In cooling procedure, titanium can be precipitated in the form of compound, be in small and dispersed shape
State is evenly distributed in matrix, while being cooled down by controlling, and the ferritic structure in steel is refined.Cooling rate is excessively high, unfavorable
It is fully precipitated in the compound of titanium, is also unfavorable for forming core and the growth of ferrite crystal grain.Therefore, by the average cooling rate of water cooling
Control is no more than 50 DEG C/s, and final cooling temperature is 550~850 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention：
(1) tensile strength Rm >=400MPa of enamel steel of the present invention, elongation percentage A50>=35%, -40 DEG C of ballistic work
It is all higher than 250J；
(2) microstructure of enamel of the present invention steel is ferritic structure or ferrite+a small amount of cementite, in high temperature
When enamel firing especially even across after multiple high temp enamel firing because organize it is single, the reactions such as pearlite decomposition, thus its will not occur
Application of slip surface quality is good；
(3) the manufacturing method of the present invention has both obtained uniform austenite by being heated at a temperature of 1100~1250 DEG C
Changing tissue is again partly dissolved the compound of titanium, by the finishing temperature of controlled rolling and the technological parameter of roller repairing, realizes
The forming core of ferritic structure and growth in steel are also prevented from excessively growing up for ferrite crystal grain；
(4) enamel steel of the present invention has good scaling resistance, adherence, especially has excellent
Plasticity and low-temperature flexibility are suitable for making glass-lined equipment and enamel accessory with single or double enameling process, it can also be used to
Make enamelled vessel, tank body and product etc..
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the impact flexibility of the embodiment of the present invention 1 at different temperatures.
Specific implementation mode
Below according to embodiment 1 to 7 and comparative example 1, technical scheme of the present invention will be further explained in detail.
Table 1 is the ingredient of steel embodiment of the present invention, and table 2 is the technological parameter of steel embodiment of the present invention, and table 3 is that the present invention is real
Apply the performance of example, including tensile property and ballistic work (being lateral sampling).
The enamel steel of the present invention is manufactured as steps described below：
1) molten steel is bessemerized and Fruit storage；
2) continuous casting；
3) strand being subjected to multi- pass rolling after 1100~1250 DEG C of heating, control finishing temperature is 800~950 DEG C,
Continuous hot-rolling mill rolling can be used for the steel plate that finished product thickness is 2~15mm, single chassis can be used for the steel plate of thickness >=8mm
Hot rolling mill rolling；
4) slow cooling (air-cooled or heap is cold) or water cooling are carried out to rolling rear steel plate, the average cooling rate of water cooling no more than 50 DEG C/
The final cooling temperature of s, water cooling are 550~850 DEG C.
By Tables 1 and 2 as it can be seen that being smelted and being processed, finished steel plate using above-mentioned composition design and technological parameter
Hydrogen permeation time >=5min, yield strength >=245MPa, tensile strength >=400MPa, elongation percentage >=35%, -40 DEG C of impact
Work(is more than 250J.
As seen from Figure 1, ballistic work of the steel plate of embodiment 1 at 20 DEG C, 0 DEG C, -20 DEG C and -40 DEG C is all higher than 300J,
It is exactly the reduction with impact test temperature, ballistic work still keeps higher level not see below drop.
Through carrying out counterenamel using above-mentioned enamel enamel and firing process, the quick-fried phenomenon of squama does not occur, is applying bottom
Adherence grade reaches I grades under conditions of glaze and overglaze, shows there is excellent scaling resistance and adherence, fully meets manufacture
The processing request of glass-lined equipment such as reaction kettle, stirring blade and enamelware such as chemical reaction tank, water treatment tank etc..
Claims (8)
1. a kind of enamel steel with excellent plasticity and toughness and scaling resistance, composition by weight percent are：C：0.02~
0.06%, Si：0.15~0.35%, Mn：0.50~1.00%, P≤0.035%, S：0.002~0.035%, Al：0.010~
0.055%, N：0.001~0.009%, Ti：0.15~0.25%, Cu：0.005~0.10%, Cr：0.005~0.065%,
Ni≤0.05%, Mo≤0.05%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity；And meet Ti%=4C%+3.43N%+
1.5S%+ (0~0.05%), 0.15%≤5C%+2.5S%+4.43N%≤0.40%.
2. the enamel steel with excellent plasticity and toughness and scaling resistance as described in claim 1, characterized in that further include
More than one ingredients, Nb≤0.05%, V≤0.05%, B≤0.003% in Nb, V and B.
3. the enamel steel with excellent plasticity and toughness and scaling resistance as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that described
The microstructure of enamel steel be ferrite or ferrite+a small amount of cementite.
4. the enamel steel with excellent plasticity and toughness and scaling resistance as described in claims 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that institute
Hydrogen permeation time >=the 5min for the enamel steel stated, yield strength >=245MPa, tensile strength >=400MPa, elongation percentage >=
35%, -40 DEG C of ballistic work is more than 250J.
5. the manufacturing method of the enamel steel as described in claim 1 with excellent plasticity and toughness and scaling resistance comprising,
1) it smelts, continuous casting
It smelted by mentioned component, be casting continuously to form base；
2) it rolls
By continuous casting billet in 1100~1250 DEG C of heating, multi- pass rolling is then carried out, control finishing temperature is 800~950 DEG C；
3) cooling
Air-cooled or water cooling is carried out to rolling rear steel plate, the average cooling rate of water cooling is not more than 50 DEG C/s, and final cooling temperature is 700~
850℃。
6. the manufacturing method of the enamel steel as claimed in claim 5 with excellent plasticity and toughness and scaling resistance, described to ward off
It further include more than one ingredients, Nb≤0.05%, V≤0.05%, B≤0.003% in Nb, V and B in glass composition of steel.
7. special such as the manufacturing method of the enamel steel described in claim 5 or 6 with excellent plasticity and toughness and scaling resistance
Sign is that the microstructure of enamel steel is ferrite or ferrite+a small amount of cementite.
8. the manufacturing method of the enamel steel with excellent plasticity and toughness and scaling resistance as described in claim 5 or 6 or 7,
It is characterized in that hydrogen permeation time >=5min of the enamel steel, yield strength >=245MPa, tensile strength >=
400MPa, elongation percentage >=35%, -40 DEG C of ballistic work are more than 250J.
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